Unit 1

SCIENCE
What is Science? Branches of Science Word Formation What is Science?
1. What do the following words mean? Match them with their definitions science a science scientific scientist the study of the nature and behaviour of natural things and the knowledge obtained about them a particular area of scientific knowledge and study, or the study of an area of a human behaviour describes things that relate to science someone who works in science 2. What is the difference etween !science" and !a science"?

Branches of Science
1. Which ranches of science st#d$ each of these areas? environment human mind and behaviour language numbers, quantities and shapes people, society and culture substances and their reactions weather political systems living things matter and forces money, industry and trade celestial objects water rocks and soil society and social behaviour

2. What is the difference etween econom$ and economics?

%. Can iolog$ e f#rther s# di&ided?

'. (#t the ranches of science into the following ' main gro#)s. I. Mathematics and logic - not based on experimental testing but they can be considered a part of science because they are essential tools in almost all scientific study. II. (h$sical science - examines the nature of the universe

III. *ife science - also called biological sciences or biology, the study of living organisms

I+. Social sciences - deal with the individuals, groups and institutions that make up human society.

,. Where wo#ld $o# )#t e.g. histor$- literat#re- religion- )hiloso)h$?

.. What is the main difference etween sciences and h#manities? /. 0ow do we call the scientists who s)ecialise in the following fields of st#d$? 0ow are the names formed? ecology psychology anthropology chemistry

linguistics biology physics economy astronomy history philosophy theology

meteorology sociology political science mathematics

1re there an$ other words that can e formed from these words?

Word Formation
1. Com ine the words in rac2ets with s#ita le SUFFI3ES to com)lete the sentences. Choose from the following s#ffi4es5 6er- 6or- 6ing- 6ion- 6ness- 6it$ 1. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "boil# is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. $. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "compress# is the reduction in si%e of data in order to save space or transmission time. &. 'n chemistry, the !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"dense# of many substances is compared to the!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "dense# of water. (. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"transmit# is the act of passing something on. ). !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "hard# is the characteristic of a solid material expressing its resistance to permanent deformation. *. +ombustion process is also called !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "heat#. 6f#l- 6less- 6o#s- 6al- 6i&e 1. 't can be !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "use# to write a summary of your argument first. $. ,etals containing iron are called !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "ferrum#.

&. -ou can ask him if you want to but it.s !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "use#. /e doesn.t want to talk about it. (. /ydrogen and oxygen are !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "chemistry# elements. ). ' f any material is !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "conduct#, it means it conducts electric current. 6if$- 6ise76i8e 1. ' think this plan is too complicated. -ou should !!!!!!!!!! "simple# it. $. 0here used to be some disputes between the $ countries but recently they have managed to !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "normal# their relations. &. ' hope you !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "real# that you are wrong. (. 1hen a liquid substance becomes solid, it !!!!!!!!!!!!!! "solid#.

What )art of s)eech do the words $o# ha&e 9#st created elong to?

2. Match the following (:EFI3ES with their meanings. i6- mono6- m#lti6- )ol$6- dis6- in6- mal6- #n6- de6- o&er6- #ltra6- s#)er6- re6- mis6 number2 degree or si%e2 negativeness2 reverse2 repetition2

Now match the following words with a))ro)riate )refi4es. Some words can e com ined with se&eral )refi4es. !!!!!lingual !!!!!advantage !!!!!accuracy !!!!!understand !!!!!expected !!!!!function !!!!!cellular !!!!!charge !!!!!atomic !!!!!hydrate !!!!!frost !!!!!flow !!!!!compose !!!!!violet !!!!!live !!!!!take

!!!!!open

%. ;he following words can ha&e 2 meanings < the$ can e C=N+E:;E>. What are the$? chemical work love smile diet rest smell taste

'. Match the words on the left with those on the right to form C=M(=UN>S. class self science tooth income traffic green generation brush tax lights control fiction house room gap

E4ercises5 E4ercise 1 1. $. &. (. ). *. 8. 9. :. 1;. Fill in the correct )refi4. Use mega6 - #nder6 - h$)er6 - s# 6

!!!!!!! water - used bellow the surface of water !!!!!!! weight - weighing less than normal !!!!!!! way - a path that goes under a road "34# 5 an electric underground railway "67# !!!!!!! watt - a million watts !!!!!!! title - text added to foreign language movies !!!!!!! structure - the lowest supporting part of a structure !!!!!!! phone - a cone-shaped device used for making one.s voice louder !!!!!!! graduate a university or college student studying for their first degree !!!!!!! statement - less than true !!!!!!! standard - of secondary quality

11. !!!!!!! si%e - smaller than normal 1$. !!!!!!! section - a secondary part of a thing 1&. !!!!!!! nourished - not well fed 1(. !!!!!!! normal - bellow normal average 1). !!!!!!! pay - not to pay well enough 1*. !!!!!!! sonic - less than the speed of sound 18. !!!!!!! merge - to go under "water# 19. !!!!!!! line - to emphasise 1:. !!!!!!! -urban - lying in the outskirts of a town or city $;. !!!!!!! tension - blood pressure higher than normal $1. !!!!!!! text - text store in a computer system that contains links that allow the user to move between texts $$. !!!!!!! bole - exaggeration dapted from2 http255www.nonstopenglish.com5exercise.asp<exid=)9&

E4ercise 2

Choose the correct alternati&e to com)lete these statements.

1. 'f you can see very clearly through a material, the material is a translucent a opal &. (. ). a dissolute a solvent a battle a bendible 8. 9. :. a rancid a beatable b translucid b opalescent b dissolvable b soluent b brittle b flexible b rigorous b malleable c transparent c opaque c soluble c solutent c bristle c flectable c rigid c mullible $. 'f you cannot see through a material, it is substance that dissolves in liquid is liquid that dissolves substances is a material that is hard but breaks easily is

*. 'f a material bends easily, it is material that does not bend easily is metal that can easily be beaten into new shapes is material that conducts electricity is

a conducive 1;. a flameable

b conductive b flammable

c conductor c inflammable

material that catches fire easily is