Phan 2 - Phan Men Ecognition 8 PDF

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng
PHN II. S DNG PHN MN ECONIGTION 8.0 (eCognition Developper 8.0) CHO PHN LOI NH HNG I TNG Chng 1. Phn mn eCognition v Mt s khi nim c bn Ecognition l phn mn c cung cp v pht trin bi cng ty Definiens AG CHLB c. eCognit ion c s dng phn tch nh nhiu t l khc nhau t t l rt nh nh cu trc t bo n t l ln nh cc nh v tinh.V d, s dng eCognition phn tch nh ca cc t bo trong y hc, chit tch cc i tng t nh v tinh phc v cho vic quan st, qun l ti nguyn thin nhin v mi trng, phn loi rng.Trong eCognition nh phn tch theo hai con ng: t ng v bn t ng. Cng ty Definiens cung cp hai b phn mm:

Definiens XD: thit k cho phn tch nh a chiu Definiens Enterprise Image Intelligence : dng cho phn tch nh 2 chiu.
Mt s khi nim c bn s dng trong eCognition a. i tng nh (Image Object) Trong x l nh, i tng nh l sn phm ca qu trnh phn mnh nh (segment). M i i tng nh l tp hp ca mt nhm Pixel. Mi i tng nh s cha rt nhiu thng tin. Thng tin v i tng bao gm bn loi: 1) thng tin v c trng ph nh ca i tng, 2) thng tin v cc yu t hnh thi ca i tng, 3) thng tin v quan h ca i Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN Page 1

tng ny vi i tng khc trn nh v 4) thng tin v quan h ca i tng trn nh vi cc i tng bn ngoi nh ly t cc ngun thng tin khc (bn a hnh, bn t, bn thu vn v.v.) b. Phn mnh nh (segmentation) Phn mnh nh l s chia nh hnh nh thnh cc phn nh (segment) da trn cc tiu ch: mu sc (color), hnh dng (shape), cht (compactness), trn (smoothness). S phn mnh to ra cc i tng nh, cc i tng nh ny c gi l cc i tng nh nguyn thu (i tng nh cha phn loi) c. Mng phn cp i tng nh
Hnh 1: Mng phn cp i tng nh
Hnh 1 cho thy, mc thp nht c th c ca mt nh chnh l mc pixel v mc cao nht l mc ton nh. Gia hai mc ny bao gi cng tn ti cc i tng cc mc trung gian v mc ny l mc Con (child) ca mc trn n ng thi li l mc
Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN
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Cha (parent) ca cc i tng mc thp hn. m bo c c mng phn cp s dng cho phn loi th vic phn mnh nh phi tun th cc quy tc sau: Ranh gii ca i tng mc thp hn phi nm trong ranh gii ca i tng mc cao hn, Cc tiu ch s dng phn loi i tng mc thp hn phi bao gm cc tiu ch cc mc cao hn ngay trc , V phng din thc nghim th mng phn cp to ra cc c s tt cho vic chit xut thng tin khi tn dng c mi quan h to ra t tnh phn cp ny. d. B quy tc (Rule set) Trong x l nh, b quy tc bao gm cc tiu ch c thit lp sao cho i tng ny c th tch khi i tng khc trn nh phc v mc ch phn loi. e. Image Object domain
Hnh 2: Nhm chuyn ca i tng nh (Image Object Domain) Nhm i tng nh l tp hp cc i tng thuc mt chuyn cc cp c s dng phn loi (Cha, Con, Chu. Cht v.v.). Nhm ln nht chnh l ton b nh; nhm nh nht ch gm mt lp v di n khng cn lp no khc.
Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN Page 3
Chng 2. S dng phn mn eCognition 8.0

S chung phn loi nh hng i tng Hin th v qun l d liu
Trn nh v tng cng cht lng nh
Phn mnh nh v xem cc c trng ca i tng nh
Thit lp ch gii cc lp phn loi
Thit lp b quy tc v tin hnh phn loi
Chnh sa kt qu
nh gi kt qu v xut kt qu
Qu trnh phn loi nh hng i tng trn eCognition c tin hnh theo sau cc bc : Bc 1: Hin th v qun l d liu Bc 2: Trn cc knh nh v tng cng cht lng nh Bc 3: Phn mnh nh v xem cc c trng ca i tng nh Bc 4: Thit lp ch gii cho phn loi Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN Page 4

Bc 5: Thit lp quy tc v tin hnh phn loi Bc 6: Chnh sa kt qu bng tay Bc 7: nh gi kt qu v xut kt qu 1. Khi ng chng trnh Ecognition 8.0 Click vo Start > Programs> eCognition Developer Trial 8.0> eCognition Developer Trial
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Process Tree
Class Hierarchy
View
Feature View
Image Object Information
Thanh thc n (Menu) bao gm cc Menu sau: File, view, image objects, Analysis, Library, Classification, Process, Tools, Export, Window, Help
1.1.
File menu
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Trn Thanh file menu g m mt s cng c chnh thng xuyn s dng: Load image file: nhp file nh New project: To mt Project mi Open project: M mt Project c Modify Open project: Thay i Project ang m
1.2.
View menu
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Thanh view menu gm: View setting: m v ng ca s View setting Image layer mixing: m v ng cng c trn cc knh nh, tng cng cht lng nh Filter classes for dislay: cho php lc cc lp phn loi hin th trn nn nh gc.
1.3.
Image objects menu
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Image object information: xem cc thng tin i tng nh Delete level: xo b mt mc i tng nh
1.4.
Analysis Builder
1.5.
Library men
1.6. Classification menu
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Class hierarchy: mng phn cp cc lp phn loi Legend: ch gii phn loi
1.7. Process menu Process tree: ca s thit lp b quy tc cho phn tch nh Load rule set: m b quy tc tn ti Save rule set: save b quy tc Delete Rule set: Xo mt b quy tc
1.8. Tools menu Feature view: ca s quan st cc c trng i tng nh Manual editting: cng c chnh sa bng tay
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1.9. Export menu
1.10. Window menu
1.11. Help menu
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Mt s Icon thng xuyn s dng:
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2. To mi mt Project, save v m project to mi mt project c th lm theo hai cch sau: Cch 1: Trn thanh Menu chn File New project
Cch 2: kch vo biu tng to mi project trn thanh cng c
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Sau , Ca s import image layer hin ra, chn nh cn phn tch: - File name: Donglac_44a_VN2K - File of type: la chn khun dng ca file nh Tip theo, click open m nh
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Trn ca s creat project cung cp mt s thng tin ca nh nh: h thng to (coordinate system), phn gii ca nh (Resolution), project size, geocoding, cc knh nh. phn tch trn mt phn ca nh bng cch click vo: subset selection trn ca s new project
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save mt project Vo File save project trn ca s save project t tn project cn lu save
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M mt project Vo file open project chn project cn m
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3. Trn cc knh nh v tng cng cht lng nh trn nh: trn thanh thc n chn View Image layer mixing hoc trn thanh cng c
Trn hp layer mixing, cho php hin th tng layer, nhiu knh nh Trn hp equalzing, cho php la chn cc cch tng cng nh khc nhau nh: linear, standard deviation, Gamma correction, Histogram, Manual
Ngoi ra, c th nh trng s cho cc layer ca nh bng cch b du stick trn No weight layer Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN Page 18
Thay i trng s ca tng layer bng cch: tch chut tri ln tng knh nh tng trng s, tch chut phi ln tng knh nh gim trng s. Mc ch chnh ca qu trnh trn nh v tng cng cht lng nh gip mt ngi c th nhn bit tt nht i tng trn nh cn chit tch. 4. S dng thut ton Segmentation cho s phn mnh i tng nh Trn ca s process tree click chut phi chn Append new
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Trn ca s append new, trn hp thut ton Algorithm ko th chn thut ton phn mnh.
eCognition cung cp mt s thut ton cho phn mnh nh (segmentation) nh: Thut ton chessboard segmentation, Thut ton quatree based segmentation, Thut ton multiresolution segmentation Thut ton phn mnh thng xuyn c s dng trong qu tnh x l nh l phn mnh a phn gii (Multi-segmentation) Multi-segmentation: p dng mc ti u ho lm gim thiu mc bt ng nht ca i tng nh cho mt phn gii nht nh. Thut ton c th c ng dng trn mc Pixel hay mc i tng nh. Thut ton c thc hin da theo vic la chn cc trng s v hnh dng (shape), mu sc (color), cht (compactness), trn (smothness) do ngi phn loi la chn (cc trng s ny c th thay i d dng). Nguyn l ca thut ton c trnh by s hnh 3
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Hnh 3: S phn mnh theo thut ton multiresolution segmentation
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Level name: t tn cho Level image layer weights: t trng s cho tng layer. Scale parameter: thay i tham s t l Tham s t l ( Scale parameter): l vn quan trng trong vic l gii thng tin trn nh v thng c hiu trn c s kch thc pixel.Tham s ny th hi n kch thc ca i tng nh trong qu trnh phn mnh.Tham s ny cng ln th kch thc i tng nh to ra cng ln v ngc li. Sau khi t xong cc tham s, click chut vo Execute thc hin qu trnh phn mnh nh
Hnh 4: Kt qu qu trnh phn mnh nh vi Scale=50, shape=0.2, compactness=0,5 5. To cc lp cho phn loi Vo Classification class hierarchy Trong ca s class hierarchy, click chut phi chn insert class thm cc lp
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Name: t tn cho cc class La chn mu cho lp Page 23
6. Xem c trng ca i tng nh y l giai on rt quan trng tm ra ngng (threshold) cho s phn loi cc i tng nh. Mi mt i tng nh c cha nhng thng tin thuc tnh. Cc thng tin thuc tnh ny c th l cc thng tin v gi tr ph ca cc lp, sng, hnh dng, v tr, cu trc, din tch, khong cch n ng bin bn phi, ng bn bn tri ca nh .. nhn c trng i tng nh, trn thanh thc n, vo Tools feature view
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Trn ca s Feature view chng ta c th xem thng tin ca cc i tng nm trong mt khong gi tr nht nh phc v cho vic xc nh ngng (threshold) phn loi. Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN Page 25
Hnh 4: Trn ca s trn tt c cc i tng nh mu Blue l cc i tng nh c gi tr Brighness trong khong [50, 100]). 7. Thit lp thm cc ch s eCognition cho php thit lp thm cc ch s phc v cho vic nhn bit, phn tch i tng nh. thit lp thm ch s trn ca s Feature view object features customized Creat new Arithmetic feature
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Ca s customized Feature xut hin: Feature name: t tn thut ton Feature caculator: thit lp biu thc tnh ch s Ok
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V d: Tnh ch s tng gi tr xm trung bnh theo TRRI=( DN1+DN2+DN3)/(3*255) 8. Lp b quy tc cho phn loi nh Donglac_44a_VN2K B nguyn tc s dng trong phn loi i tng bao g m cc thut ton phn mnh nh (segment), cc thut ton phn lo i i tng nh, cng nh cc thut ton kim tra thng tin i tng nh, nhp d liu, xut d liu.c thit lp trn ca s Process Tree. Vic lp mt b rule set trong phn loi nh i tng i h i ngi phn tch nh phi c rt nhiu hiu bit khc nhau nhue: c trng ca tng knh nh, c trng phn x ca i tng trn nh, s hiu bit khu vc nghin cu, mi quan h gia cc i tng vi nhau.
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S thit lp phn loi cc i tng trn nh Donglac_44a_VN2K
Phn mnh nh ln 1 (Segmentation 1)
Rng (Forest)
Khng phi rng (Non-forest)
Rng 1 (Forest
Rng 2 (Forest 2)
Rng 3 (Forest 3)
Phn mnh nh 2 (Segmentation 2)
Mt nc (Surwater)
t trng
Giao thng (Road)
Th c (Resland)
Phn nh ln 3
t NN (Agriland)
Nng r y
Cy bi
Chi tit cc bc lp b Rule set cho phn loi nh Donglac_44a_VN2K Phn mnh nh ln 1 (segmentaion 1: Tch hai i tng ring bit l Rng v Khng phi rng Trong i tng Rng, s dng cc c trng i tng tch thnh cc lo i rng khc nhau: Rng 1, Rng 2, Rng 3
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i vi i tng khng phi l Rng, tch nh thnh cc i tng t nng nghip, mt nc, t trng-cy bi, ng giao thng, Th c da theo s phn mnh ln 2 (segmentation 2)
Chi tit cc bc nh sau: Trong ca s Process tree Click chut phi chn Append new Name: segment 1
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Hnh 5: Kt qu phn mnh nh 1 (segmen1): vi Scale=50, shape=0.1, compactness=0.5 Sau khi phn mnh nh xong, bt u tin hnh phn loi: Trn process tree nhn chut phi chn Assign class Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN Page 32
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Trn ca s Edit Process chn Thresold condition xc nh ngng Use class: lp chuyn ok
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i tng Rng c phn loi tho mn iu kin ch s DNMT=[0, 0.93] Cc i tng khng phn loi cn li unclassify thuc vo i tng khng phi l Rng
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Kt qu nh c phn loi thnh hai nhm i tng : Rng (forest) v khng phi l Rng (Non-forest). Dng lnh Merge region gp tt c cc lp khng phi l Rng (non- forest). tch cc i tng nh trong lp khng phi l rng ta s dng s phn mnh ln 2 ( segment 2).
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(Kt qu ca qu trnh merge i tng khng phi Rng Non-Forest)
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Kt qu ca qu trnh phn mnh ln 2 ( segment 2) trn i tng c chn l Non-forest. Tip theo, s dng cc c trng ca i tng nh tch cc i tng nh hn ( i tng Con). Trong nhm i tng Rng chia ra lm cc i tng nh hn l Rng 1, Rng 2, Rng 3 Trong nhm i tng khng phi Rng (Non-forest) chia ra lm cc i tng ng giao thng, t th c, t trng cy bi, mt nc, t nng nghip. B quy tc thit lp:
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Kt qu phn loi Rng v ko Rng:
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9. Chnh sa bng tay Cng c Chnh sa bng tay bao gm: gp i tng (Merge Objects Manually), phn loi i tng nh (Classify Image Objects Manually) v chia nh mt i tng nh (Cut an Object Manually) nhn vo cng c chnh sa bng tay: Vo view Custionmize
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Trn ca s customize chn Manual Editting close Cc cng c ca thanh Manual Editting hin ra
C th ko th hp cng c chnh sa (editting) cho cc i tng nh cha phn loi, v i tng nh c phn loi thnh cc lp chuyn .
1. Cng c la chn (selection) i tng n 2. La chn i tng theo Polygon 3. La chn i tng theo dng ng (line) 4. La chn i tng theo hnh ch nht (Rectangle) Gp cc i tng nh:
Tools > Manual Editing > Merge Objects
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Chia nh mt i tng nh (cut an image object)
Phn loi i tng nh bng tay
Cng c ny cho php phn loi i tng nh thnh cc lp chuyn . Trn ca s Manual Editting chn: image object editting v hp thoi bn cnh l tn ca lp chng ta mun gn i tng nh thnh lp chuyn . Sau , Click vo biu tng classify image object phn loi.
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10. Xut kt qu D liu sau khi c phn tch c th c xut ra thnh 3 khun dng chnh: dng vector (Shapefile), dng raster (Raster file) v dng thng k (statistics). Trn thanh menu: Export export result
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Export type: khun dng d liu s export Fomat export Level: cc lp phn loi ti mc i tng nh Select Classes: la chn cc lp cn export Select features: cc c trng s export
D liu dng Raster
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Bng mt s khun dng raster phn mn Ecognition c th xut d liu di dng Raster. D liu dng vector (Shapefile)
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D liu dng thng k (Statistics)
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Ti liu tham kho

1. http://www.definiens.com/ 2. UserGuide and Referencebook ca phn mn eCognition Developper Trial 8.0
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S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Hnh 1: Mng phn cp i tng nh

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Chng 2. S dng phn mn eCognition 8.0

Trn nh v tng cng cht lng nh

Phn mnh nh v xem cc c trng ca i tng nh

Thit lp ch gii cc lp phn loi

Thit lp b quy tc v tin hnh phn loi

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Image objects menu

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

1.6. Classification menu

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

1.10. Window menu

1.11. Help menu

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Mt s Icon thng xuyn s dng:

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Cch 2: kch vo biu tng to mi project trn thanh cng c

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

M mt project Vo file open project chn project cn m

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Hnh 3: S phn mnh theo thut ton multiresolution segmentation

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Name: t tn cho cc class La chn mu cho lp Page 23

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng

Trung tm Quc t Nghin cu Bin i Ton cu (ICARGC)- HQGHN

S dng phn mn eCognition cho phn loi nh hng i tng