The purpose of this is to accentuate important phonic differences.

Recite - Line by Line, in Rhythm, while Gesturing: Later, say a line, and have them shout out boy, girl, thing or any !lso, turn the screen off, say the singular, and let them give the plural. Rules " #n every $art %, to help student remember the genders of words . . . The Tribnus militum chants the verbs in orange, unless paired with another color. Boys chant masculines in blue. Girls chant feminines in pin&. Magister/-tra chants neuters in gray. Everyone chants adverbs in brown. 'Green ad(ectives will be made blue or pin&.) The English translation is not to be chanted, but is only there, far off to the side (to make it a little inconvenient to be looked at), in case the students forget what a word means. Students are to relax, but pay conscious attention, so that the sound memory of the chant may sink into their ears. *hen chanting +hapter ,ocabulary, " -irst the class chants the entire Latin entry chorally. " Then the Tribune selects a person to say each word.s /st principle part 0 its meaning. " +hanting what1s already seen is easy. 2o what should you be thin&ing about while you1re chanting3 !onstantly ask yourself" 4. 5o 4 &now why it is spelled this way 'with this ending) rather than another3 4f so . . . 44. +an 4 hear the meanings in the sounds3 'Try very hard to do this.) 4f you can . . . 444. *hich signaling letters or sounds should 4 particularly listen for to 1tip me off1 that it is this grammatical form, rather than another3

+h.%
Leader: +lass echoing: !d de6teram . . . !d de6teram !d sinistram . . . !d sinistram $rorsus . . . . $rorsus '76) $orr . . . $orr '76) Retr8 . . . Retr8 '76) Rect9: . . . Rect9: '76) 2ursum . . . 2ursum #-super . . . #-super

+h./;
I.

Everyone, in unison" infans mea puella mea mulier mea f=lia mea m9ter mea soror mea u6or mea ancilla mea am=ca mea infans meus puer meus vir meus flius meus pater meus frater meus martus meus servus meus amcus meus

($n the future we%ll split up by boys <aby girl, infant Girl *oman 5aughter >other 2ister *ife 2lave-girl, maid -riend <aby boy, infant <oy >an 2on -ather <rother ?usband 2lave, servant -riend

girls, but for now in unison.)

@!hant all vocab words again, this time inserting hic&haec&hoc before eachA @!hant all vocab words again, this time inserting ille&illa&illud before each and 'tua&tuus(A Buis3 . . . Buid3 . . . 4s, ea, id . . . ; ; - 5raw on board a lifesiCe picture of '/) >arcus 'boy) and '7) Bu=nta 'girl) and 'D) a des& E pen, pencil, 0 paper with their names '>arcusFBuinta) written on it. Explain that theyre brother and sister, and that theyre very good to each other. Gesture at each: Each row, 1x each. Masculnus, Feminna Masculnus, Feminna Masculnus, Feminna vel eutrum Leader: Quis "r#ter$ ... Quis soror$ ... Hic "r#ter . . . Haec soror$ . . . | | | Marcus, Qunta Amcus, Amca Flius, Flia, vel !erbum

Responders: %lle Fr#ter& '(hey should point at Marcus) %lla soror& '(hey should point at Quinta) Ita!

II. The forms of Sum:

sum sumus ego sum es estis tu es est sunt is est F ea est F id est @Redo part 4, this time inserting est F sunt in each appropriate place. A

III.

'*epeat any exercises belo+, inserting ,est- . ,sunt- +here deemed appropriate.)

Ask for two volunteers to come up and write their names on the oard. men Marc . . . men Quintae '/esture at the names under each.) men Marc . . . men Quintae men Marc. . . men Quintae . . . men !erb !ell them to pretend that the two are rother and sister: Fr#ter . . . 0oror '1o as "ast as the previous one, despite the elipsis2 . . . 3.) Fr#ter . . . 0oror Fr#ter . . . 0oror . . . 4biectum men Fr#tris . . . men 0orris . . . men Fr#tris . . . men 0orris . . . men Fr#tris . . . men 0orris . . . men obiect. Leader: Responders: Fr#ter meus$ ... "inim! '/esture at sel") 0oror tua$ ... "inim! '/esture at a person to respond) Frater suus, et soror sua$ Ita! ; Gotice: They do G#T mean his and hers. They mean their. Split up by gender" Teacher says the neuters, boys say the masculines, girls say the feminines. $n real life, anyone can say any of these, but this splitting up is )ust to help us remember its gender. So listen in real well and get the masculine*ish or feminine*ish sound of it in your mind. (E.g. you might not remember that 'liber( is masculine, unless you remember it as 'liber tuus.() verbum tuum word signum tuum sign nmen tuum name pensum domesticum tuum homewor& plumbum tuum lead cdcillus, tuus noteboo& stilus tuus pencil liber tuus boo& penna tua pen, feather tabula tua board charta tua paper mensa tua des& 'table) sella tua chair

!"
'(a5e the list above and "or each +ord say6 ,777777 propria.

Fr#ter huius$ ... 0oror huius$ ... Frater huius et soror illius.

Fr#ter illius& 0oror illius& Ita, sunt.

'/esture belo+ Quinta on ,huius-) '/esture belo+ Quinta on ,huius-) '/esture belo+ Quinta on ,huius-)

Leader: 8uius "r#ter$ ... 8uius soror$ ... Frater Quintae, et 0oror Marc$

Responders: Fr#ter Quintae& 0oror Marc& Ita!

#irst girls in unison $doing all of it%, t&en boys in unison $doing all of it%'( 9#ter meus$ ... 9#ter tuus& '0tudents raise right palm up) Mater mea$ ... M#ter tua& '0tudents raise le"t palm up.) 9atris me et M#tris meae "ilius/-a sum. '/esture at each one, including sel") + The reason for this is so that they reali,e that the endings have nothing to do with their own -the sub)ect%s. gender, but rather with the antecedent%s gender.

+h.7;
"
@!hant all vocab wordsA ; 5raw some soldiers in rows 'ordines) and files 'linea) ; !rrows below show in which ordre to chant it. Gendered $)st * +nd ,ecl% -d.ectives( D Terminations: pulcher,*a,*um pulcher puer . . . pulchra puella . . . pulchrum verbum. pulchri puer . . . pulchrae puellae . . . pulchr verb. pulcher pater . . . pulchra m9ter . . . pulchrum nomen. pulchri patris . . . pulchrae m9tris . . . pulchr n8minis. $r=ma linea, secunda linea, tertia linea. $r=mus ordo, secundus ordo, tertius ordo. Generic $/rd ,ecl"% -d.ectives' / Termination: fl#x,*icis !ll: f:l6 fr#ter . . . f:l6 soror f:lcis fr#tris . . . f:lcis sorris

; Gatural agreement ; Hnnatural

;Gatural ;Hnnatural

;Gatural

,o /3'

f:l6 puer . . . f:l6 puella f:lcis puer . . . f:lcis puellae 7 Terminations: fortis,*e fortis pater . . . fortis m#ter fortis patris . . . fortis m#tris . . . forte nmen . . . fortis nminis

(0nnatural

( 2atural ( 0nnatural

1 1

,o /3'

fortis puer fortis puer

. . . fortis puella . . . forte verbum" . . . fortis puellae . . . fortis verb"

D terminations: celer,*is,*e celer pater celeris patris ,o /3' celer puer celeris puer . . . celeris m#ter . . . celeris matris . . . celeris puella . . . celeris puellae . . . celere nmen . . . celeris nminis . . . celere verbum. . . . celeris verb" ( 2atural ; Hnnatural

"
Alternate $irls % o&s: pr=ma puella ordinis secundus puer tertia puella Iu9rtus puer Iu=nta puella medius puer ultima puella Leader: Marcus est celer; Quinta est celeris. Responders: Marcus est celer; Quinta est celeris. '9oint at Marcus) '9oint at Quinta)

Quis "r#ter celer$ ... %lle "r#ter celer& Quis soror celeris$ %lla soror celeris& Hic "r#ter celer$...Haec soror celeris$ Ita!

Fr#ter meus celer$ ... "inim! '/esture at sel") 0oror tua celeris$ ... "inim! '/esture at a person to respond) 0uus "r#ter celer, et sua soror celeris$ Ita! 'At Quinta . .. At Marcus) ; Gotice: They do G#T mean his and hers. They mean their. Fr#tris huius celeris$ . . . 0orris huius celeris$ . . . Fr#tris illius celeris& '/esture <Quinta on huius) 0orris illius celeris& '/esture <Marcus on huius)

+h.D
"
Hnison: *ea& connecting vowels are in gray. 4rregulars are highlighted. aper=, -=te claude,-ite obtinJ, obtinJte spect9, spect9te fac, facite pens9,-9te age, agite aud=,-=te d=c, d=cite cape, -ite lege, -ite scr=be, -ite aperi8, -=re claud8,ere obtine8, obtinJre spect8, spect9re faci8, facere pens8,-9re RL>#,L ag8, agere audi8,-=re d=c8, d=cere capi8, -ere leg8, -ere scr=b8, -ere

@/ave a volunteer go through the list, naming the declension of each word" 0st&1nd&2rd&2rd*$3&4th.A @/ave a 1nd volunteer go through the list saying what the (ego form) 0st principle part would be.A @/ave a 2rd volunteer go through the list saying what the (infinitive) 1nd principle part would be.A @Then 'remove( the rectangle and chant the 1nd column.A @5esture to represent each sub)ect, as you recite.A !horus $" . !horus $$" $ens 9ens#mus 6abor'!...Spect'!... 7ens'8... $ens#s $ens#tis KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK $ensat $ensant #btine /ab8 . . . 9ov8 . . . 3btin8 . . . - - - - - - - - - 4 #btin:s KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK !g !gimus #btinet 6ege8 . . . Scribe8 . . . :ge8... !gis !gitis KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK !git !gunt +api8 $ace8 . . . Sape8 . . . !ape8 . . . - - - - - - - - - - 4 +apis KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK Audi Audmus +apit Sc! . . . :per! . . . :ud! . . . Auds Audtis !udit !udiunt ci . . . pi . . .$ Fa ci s . . . 8a pi s$ gi . . . di . . .$ re gi s . . . 8e di s$ ci . . . pi . . . & Fa ci . . . 8a pi . . . & g . . . d . . . & *e g . . . 8e d . . . & . 4btin:mus #btin:tis #btinent +apimus +apitis +apiunt

( leaders, 1 o& and 1 $irl: )*eel free to finish the sentence with a predicate.+ ,ego qu . . . 4 tu =uae . . . .,ego =uae . . . 4 tu qu . . . .,plit & $ender % address the other $ender: )*eel free to finish the sentence with a predicate.+ , s qu . . . 4 vs =uae . . ., s =uae . . . 4 vs =u . . .All6 Ego leg (u legis Is legit Ego leg (u legis Ea legit s legimus ?? !s legitis ?? E legunt ?? s legimus ?? !s legitis ?? Eae legunt ?? Alternate >oys./irls6 Ego ipse(-a) spect. ?? (u, Marce, spect#s. ?? %lle Marcus spectat. ?? Ego ipse(-a) spect. ?? (u, /a, spect#s. ?? %lle /aius spectat. ?? . Ego ipsa2@e3 spect (u, Quinta, spect#s. %lla Quinta spectat. Ego ipsa2@e3 spect (u, Aelia, spect#s. %ll'a Ae)lia spectat

II.
!horus $" e s it mus tis eunt . ad e ad s ad it !horus $$" ad mus ad tis ad eunt . !horus $" . !horus $$" . trans e trans mus trans s trans tis trans it trans eunt red e red mus red s red tis red it red eunt

Gesture as &ou speak: 1ra+ it out6 0ay "ast6 unc adsum . . . %ta abe. unc ades . . . %ta abs. unc adest . . . %ta abit. unc adsumus...%ta abmus. unc adestis . . .%ta abtis unc adsunt . . . %ta abeunt.

1ra+ it out6 0ay "ast6 (unc absum . . . %ta ade. 2Ax3 (unc abes . . . %ta ads. 2Ax3 (unc abest . . . %ta adit. 2Ax3 (unc absumus...%ta admus. 2Ax3 (unc abestis . . .%ta adtis. 2Ax3 (unc absunt . . . %ta adeunt. 2Ax3

III.
!horus $" . Laud9- E e8 KM Laud9- E =s KM Laud9- E it KM Laud9- E =musKM Laud9- E =tis KM Laud9- E eunt.KM !horus $" . !horus $$" . !horus $" . !horus $$" . LaudaKM6aud; #btinJ- E e8 KM #btine Laud9s #btinJ- E =s KM #btinJs Laudat #btinJ-E it KM #btinet Laud9mus #btinJ-E =musKM #btinJmus Laud9tis #btinJ-E =tis KM #btinJtis BaudaeuntKM6audant #btinJ-E eunt KM #btineeuntKM #btinent !horus $$" . !horus $$" . !horus $" .

-8 . . . -8 - - - - - - - M Lgo Laud8 -N . . . "is - - - - - - - M TN Laud9s -is . . .-it - - - - - - - M 4s Laudat n8s...-mus - - - - - - M G8s Laud9mus v8s..."tis - - - - - - - M ,8s Laud9tis - . . . "unt - - - - - - - M L= Laudant

-8 . . . -8 - - - - - - - M Lgo Laud8 -N . . . "is- - - - - - - M TN Laud9s -a . . . "it - - - - - - - M Ea Laudat n8s ... -mus - - - - - M G8s Laud9mus v8s ... "tis - - - - - - M ,8s Laud9tis -ae ... "unt - - - - - - M Eae Laudant

+h.O
@!hant all vocab wordsA

" 5esture to represent each sub)ect, as you recite" +horus 4. +horus 44 5uid Iuaeris3 ... d Iuaer. Buem Iuaeris3 ... Eum F Eam Iuaer. '76) 6unc Iuaeris3. . . llum Iuaer. 6anc Iuaeris3 . . . llam Iuaer. 6oc Iuaeris3 ... llud Iuaer. 2ervum Iuaeris3 ... !ncillam Iuaer. $atrem Iuaeris3 ... >#trem Iuaer.
!d t:3 !d m:3 !d >arcum3 !d Buntam3 5uid vis 7 " " " M vd re 7 T vd re 7 Marcum vd re 7 5untam vd re 7 ... ... ... ... """ """ """ """ !d m:. !d t:. !d se''met)ipsum). 'D6) !d se''met))ipsam). 'D6) T vd re 8 M vd re 8 9e$$met%ipsum% vd re 8 $/3% 9e$$met%ipsam% vd re 8 $/3%

"
Split into 1 choruses, gesture to represent each sub)ect, as well as ob)ect, as you recite. Then go back and do it in English (i.e. translate them). +horus 4. +horus 44. Gladius Iuaerit. Gladius gladium Iuaerit. 2ignum 'sub(.) habet. 2ignum signum habet. $lumbum scribit. $lumbum plumbum scribit. +horus 44. +horus 4. Gomen dicit. Gomen nomen dicit. ?oc claudit. ?oc hoc claudit. 4d agit. 4d id agit.

+horus 4. ,ir habet. Liber claudit. 2ella aperit. +horus 44. Gomen dicit. 4lla videt. 4nfans audit.

+horus 44. ,ir sJ habet. Liber sJ claudit. 2ella sJ aperit. +horus 4. Gomen sJ dicit. 4lla sJ videt. 4nfans sJ audit.

1 alternating choirs (each choir does 1 lines). /ave each group spend a moment to make up a gesture for each one of their 4 words. Then perform them as the list is recited. sub; E acc. super E acc circum E acc. e6tr9 E acc. ad E acc. per E acc. in E acc. intr9 E acc. Hp to above !round outside of to through into within + !areful < check its meaning8

"
$n =nison" mNt9,-9te mNt8, mNt9re st9,-9te st8, st9re movJ,-Jte move8, movJre curre, currite curr8, currere agis, agite ag8, agere RL>#,L verte,-ite vert8, vertere aud=, -=te audi8,aud=re pens9,-9te pens8,-9re e6=,-=te ; e6e8, e6=re red=,-=te:; rede8, red=re gere,-ite: ger8,-ere

+ !areful8 + !areful8

@/ave a volunteer go through the list, naming the declension of each word" 0st&1nd&2rd&2rd*$3&4th.A @/ave a 1nd volunteer go through the list saying what the first two principle parts would be. Then remove the rectangle and chant the 1nd columnA lorica sua galea sua linea sua his&her&its&their breastplate helmet line

pJs suus gladius suus sctum suum silentium suum spatium suum

shield

foot sword silence space

:fter reciting go back and translate, picking a suitable possessive (his&her&its&their). +hoir / G8nne gladi9tor gladium habet3 G8nne orator dicit3 +hoir 7 +hoir / +hoir 7 . Gum gladi9tor pennam habJt . . . 2n8 Ita! . . . an gladium3 Ita! Gum orator silentium habet, . . . 2n8 . . . an dicit3 Ita! G8nne mater filiam habet3 Gum mater f=lium habet, . . . 2n8 . . . an f=liam3 Ita! G8nne tN ipseF-a h=c ades3 Gum tu ill=c abJs . . . 2n8 . . . an h=c ades3 Ita! G8nne mar=tus est fJli63 Gum mar=tus est tristis . . . 2n8 . . . an fJli63 Ita! @The second time through turn off the screen, and ask them random ones. :fter a few simple ones like they%ve already done, make up a few that are incorrect, )ust to make sure they%re paying attention.A

+h.P;
"
@!hant all vocab wordsA ; - 5raw on the board a pictured 0 labeled outline of '/) a man '7) a happy woman named Livia 'D) a sad woman named 5rCsa. Getting it wrong: +u id das3 ... 4ll id d. '76) ?uic id das3 ... 4ta, 4ps= id d. '76) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Getting it right: +u id monstrat3 ?uic id monstrat3 Giving t&ings out' +ui hoc narr9s$ Mihi hoc narr#s$ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ .. ... . 4ll id monstrat: 4ta, ips id monstrat: (ibi hoc narr. %ta, (ibi hoc narr.

0ibi id das$ 2(ibi2met33ips id das$ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 0ibi illud habet$ (ibi illud habet$

%ta, Mihi id do. %ta, Mihi2met3ips id do. n, mihi illud habet. %ta, mihi illud habet.

2Dx3

"
$n =nison" da, date d8, d9re give monstr9,-9te monstr8,-9re show narr9,-9te narr8,-9re tell RL>#,L respondJ,-Jte responde8,-Jre respond favJ,-Jte fave8,-Jre favor placJ,-Jte place8,-Jre to please crJde,-ite crJd8,-ere trust @/ave a 1nd volunteer go through the list saying what the first two principle parts would be. Then remove the rectangle and chant the 1nd columnA @#raw on the board a pictured labeled outline of (0) a man (1) a happy woman named 6ivia (2) a sad woman named #r-sa.A Getting it wrong: +u cr:dis3 ... 4ll cr:d. '76) ?uic cr:dis3 ... 4ps= cr:d. '76) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+u cr:dis3 ... 4ll cr:d. '76) ?uic vir!3 ... 4ll mulier. '76) +ui mulier3 ... 4ll mulier '76) ?uic mulier ":lc3 . . . 4ll mulier trist& 2Ex3 Fuic mulier Biviae$ . . . %ll mulier 1rCsae. 2Ex3 Getting it right: +u favet3 ?uic favet3 Giving t&ings out' +ui id das$ Mihi id das$ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 0ibi id das$ 2(ibi2met33ips id das$ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 0ibi id dat$ ... 4ll favet3 4ps favet: (ibi id d. %ta, (ibi id do. %ta, Mihi id do. %ta, Mihi2met3ips id do. %ta, sibi id dat. 2Dx3

"
est8: est8te: sum, esse =: =te: e8, re fer: ferte: fer8, ferre --------------vol8, RL>#,L velle nol= nol=te n8l8, nolle -------------m9l8, m:lle ------------possum, posse @/ave a 1nd volunteer go through the list saying what the first two principle parts would be. Then remove the rectangle and chant the 1nd columnA #o it twice, first like this 'ego) possum 'n8s) possumus 'ego) vol8 'n8s) volumus 'tu) potes 'v8s) potestis 'tu) v=s 'v8s) vultis 'is) potest 'e=) possunt 'is) vult 'e=) volunt Then like this Then substitute an infintive (E.g 'monstr>re() for the pronoun. Then say all the infinitives with vol;. fero fers fert ferimus fertis ferunt !gere . . . . . . vol8. !gere posse vol8. !gere . . . . . possum. !gere velle possum. nol8 nolumus n8n v=s n8n vultis n8n vult n8n volunt

!gere . . . . . . n8n vol8. !gere posse n8n vol8. !gere . . . . . n8n possum. !gere velle n8n possum.

+h.Q;
@!hant all vocab wordsA .o the followin$ for all / ,I. ,0A1E prepositions, alternatin$ $ender each time:

I.
Beader6 9r t:3 9r Iu#.=u3 9r h#c.hc$ 9r h#c.hc$ 8um =u$ 8um =u$ Ab =u$ Ad =uid$ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... *esponders6 9r m:. 9r e#.e. 9r ill#.ill. 9r ips#.ips& 8um scCt. 8um Marc. Ab "onte. Ad viam. '/esture "or all G) '/esture to the Est +oman) '/esture to the And +oman)

II.
,plit up: Nna vo6 Nna via Nna no6 Nna h8ra Nna aula Nna i9nua Nna fenestra aliIua aIua Nna l9tr=na Nna cul=na nus di;s nus merdi;s ali<u mrus nus fons num mmentum num peristylium num cubiculum num triclinium num tablnum num atrium num compluvium num impluvium ali<uod tectum a voice a way, road a night an hour a hall a door a window some water a bathroom a &itchen a day a noon some wall a fountain a minute a peristyleFcolonnadeFcloister a room a dining room a study an entrance hall a rain-opening a pool some ceiling, roof '; Pth 5eclension " Rust learn the Gom. 0 !bl. " diJ )

@/ave a student take each section and say what the 5enitive of each phrase would be.A

III.
In 2nison: Nna domus aliIuae humus aliIuod rNs ven=,-=te adven=,-=te clam9,-9te pone,-ite a house some ground some country'side) veni8,-=re adveni8,-=re clam8,-9re RL>#,L pon8,-ere come arrive shout put

tolle,-ite salt9,-9te cant9,-9te

toll8,-ere salt8,-9re cant8,-9re

ta&e dance sing

@/ave a 1nd volunteer go through the list saying what the first two principle parts would be. Then remove the rectangle and chant the 1nd columnA @?ead the poem"A /eri, hodi@, cras. A@lBx amBce, cant>s. SB aCua abest, Sed et vBnum adest. /eri, hodi@, cras. 'Locative +ase) -rom *hich;: $lace *here;;: To which;;;: Rom# . . . Romae . . . Romam Londin . . . Londin= ... Londinum ThJbe . . . ThJbe ... ThJbem 5om ... 5om= . . . 5omum ?um ... ?um= . . . ?umum RNre ... Rure ... RCs

!"

'Rom# abit . . . Romae est . . . Romam adit.)

$lace--rom-*hich: 5om . . . RCre . . . ?um 9lace@Hhere6 5om . . . RCre . . . ?um '/esture +ith both hands as i" to say IFereI) $lace-To-*hich: RNs . . .5omum . . .?umum @Gesture toward selfSuse low resolving pitch.A ; /esture a+ay "rom sel"; hang onto and dra+ out the last vo+el as i" itJs going some+here. KK /esture +ith both hands straight up; use a high pitched voice and say it =uic5ly L happily. KKK /esture to+ard sel"; use a "ast, lo+ tone@o"@voice, as i" to bring =uic5 resolution to the sentence. =se the file '6ocatives( in the 'Docab( folder to assist you" 9lace From@.(o@+hich spea5ers6 Bocative spea5ers 2shout&36 M vi# ad Forum. 2Romae3 M "or ad rivum. , M rv @@@ r"s. , M vi# ad a=uam. 2*Cre3 M a=u# ad "ontem. , M "onte @@@ domum. , M port# in cubiculum. 21om3 M cubicul ad tablnum. , M tabln ad cClnam. , iuxta mensam. 2%n cCln#K3 K ot a locative. M mens# @@@ humum. , , Hum! ad mensam. , , ----------------------------------------------------------------------Gow do the words that have Locatives:

*m# . . . *Cre . . . 1om . . . Fum . . .

@@@ *Cs. @@@ 1omum. @@@ Fumum @@@ *mam

2Dx3 2Dx3 2Dx3 2Dx3

=&" >
@!hant all adverbs using the formula 'Euam FFF-adv..FFF agit8( A

"
$ositive !dverbs Laetus laetJ agit. Laeta laetJ agit Laetum laetJ agit3 fJli6 fJl=citer agit. fortis fortiter agit forte fortiter agit. celer 'm.) celeriter agit celeris 'f.) celeriter agit celere 'n.) celeriter agit. bene 'should be bonJ) malJ l9tJ longJ propinIuJ pr=m8Fum secund8Fum ultimJ breviter altJ humiliter faciliter difficiliter 'dis)similiter l=ber9liter tarde celeriter F cito fJl=citer tristiter vi6 parum paul8 minus

'Laetum n8n est, nisi roboticum:) ' ?ow many terminations3 ) ' ?ow many terminations3 ) ' ?ow many terminations3 ) well badly widely far closely firstly secondly lastly briefly deeply, highly humbly easily difficultly 'dis)similarly generously slowly Iuic&ly happily sadly in parte mod=cJ magis mult8 valdJ nimis

@5o through the list above again. The tribGnus will yell out a multiplier, and the class should (in rhythm) respond with the opposite multiplier. The tribune should do each one 1x before going on.A

"
5um +aelia fJliciter agit, Laelia tristiter agit. 5um bene legit, malJ legit. 5um latJ , angustJ . 5um faciliter cantat, difficiliter cantat. 5um altJ , humiliter . 5um pulchrJ , vi6 . 5um celeriter currit, tardJ currit. 5um longJ , breviter . 5um prim8 venit, ultimJ venit. 5um liberaliter dat, propinIuJ dat. 5um mult8 , paul8 . ',aldJ fJl=6 est -abia:) ',aldJ infJl=6 est 2ab=na:) 'Tristis SabBna8)

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"
7lan your gestures, and then gesture as you speak" (5irls") Nna longitNd8 Length Nna latitNd8 *idth Nna altitNd8 '76) ?eight, 5epth (boys") longus long man brevis short 'wo)man breve '76) s&ort t&ing angustus thin man amplus wide man latus '76) altus high, deep man humilis humble 'low) man &umile '76) 1 t&ing (:ll") Nnus duo trJs Iuatuor se6 septem oct8 novem

Iu=nIue

decem 2Dx3 'D6) 'D6)

2Dx3

una, duae, tr:s Cnus, du, tres unum, du tria. (:ll") . . . Iuattro, IuinIueS

sT6, septemS

Ucto, novem, decem

'D6)

"
Gominative: (:ll together") Gominative: (:ll together") (gesture) (gesture with 1 hands)(gesture) (gesture with 1 hands) fJmin=na fJmin=nae V ianua ianuae mascul=nus mascul=ni V mNrus mNri neutrum neutra V tectum tecta gener9lis gener9les V fons fontes gener9lis gener9les V no6 noctes gener9le 'neut.) gener9lia 'neut.) V nomen 'neut.) nomina 'neut.) Say it a again, inserting the word 'Gnus,*a,-um( before the 0st column, 'du;,*ae,du( before the 1nd .

"
(Split") ego tN is (Split n8s v8s e= ego tN ea n8s v8s eae --id --ea (:ll") mJ n8s tJ v8s sJ sJ our your of to&for @ob(.A by&with&from 4 *e

Wou W.all 's)heFit They

gesture") noster, nostra, nostrum nostr=, -ae, - nostr8, -ae, - nostrum, -am, -um nostr8, -ae, - nostr=, nostrae, nostra vester, vestra, vestrum vestr=, -ae, - vestr8, -ae, - vestrum, -am, -um vestr8, -ae, - vestr=, vestrae, vestrra

of to&for

@ob(.A by&with&from our

suus, sua, suum su=, suae, su su8, suae, su suum,suam, suum su8, su9, su su=, suae, sua Iuantum . . .tantum 'D6) Iuant . . . tant 'D6) Iuantus . . .tantus '76) Iuanta . . .tanta '76)

of to&for @ob(.A by&with&from

their

!s much as . . . so much ... ... ...

(:ll") Xndecim, duodecim, tredecimS '76) IuattuUrdecim, Iu=ndecim sJdecimS '76) septTndecimS duo-d@*v=gint=, Nn-d@-v=gint=, . . . '76) v=gint=. Xndecim8, duodecim8, terti8... , Iuart8... , Iu=nt8... , se6t8... , septim8...

'D6) Lleventhly, twelthly, 'etc.)...

decim8 duodJv=cJsim8, undJv=cJsim8, v=cJsim8. semel, bis, ter, Iuater, IuinIuies, se6ies, septies, novies, decies. #nce, twice, thrice, four times . . .

NndeciJs, du8deciJs, terdeciJs, Lleven times, twelve times, 'etc.)... Iuater deciJs, IuindeciJs, sedeciJs, septendeciJs, duodJv=ciJs, NndJv=ciJs, . . . v=ciJs + Hou may also substitute '*iens( instead of '*i@s.(

!"
(Everyone")

Nndecim 'Y4) duodecim 'Y44) tredecim 'Y444) Iuattuordecim'Y4,) Iu=ndecim 'Y,) semel bis ter Iuater IuinIuies se6ies septies octies non=es deciJs once twice thrice frice five si6 seven eight nine ten

sedecim septendecim duodJv=gint= NndJv=gint= v=gint=

'Y,4) 'Y,44) 'Y E 44Y) 'Y E 4Y) 'YY)

!"
(#o the downs" Split 5esture with both hands.) n8s sumus n8s sumus --v8s estis v8s estis --e= sunt eae sunt ea sunt we are y1all are they are

(EveryoneIJo gestures. Aor counter*point, clap on the off*beats, on the :ccusative singulars.) Gom. s. : Bu= Buae 5uod ?ic ?aec 6oc !cc. s.: Iuem Iuam <uod hunc hanc &oc Gom. pl.: Bu=S Buae 5uae. ?= ?ae 6aec. 3 3 Iu8s Iu9s Iuae h8s h9s haec K**Le don%t yet know what this is. + $f time, S63L6H redo )ust the relative pronouns, using the prefix ali*" aliCuB&aliCuae&aliCuod.

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"
),plit:+

Xnus GNllus Xllus 28lus neutra altera utra t8tus alius (#o the downs" Cnus servus Cnius - Cn - Nnum -um Cn @ !liIu= serv= Split 5esture") Cna ancilla Cnum obiectum Cnus @ae Cnus - Cn @ae Cn - Nnam -am Nnum -um Cn# @# Cn - liIuae ancillae !liIua obiecta

one none any only neither 'of 7) the other 'of 7) which 'of 7) the wholeFentire another Cnus fortis Cnus @is Cn @ Cnum -em Cn @ Ali=u= fortJs Cna fortis Cnus @is Cn @ Cnam -em Cn# @ !liIuae fortJs Cnum nmen Cnus i @is Cn i @ Cnum nmen Cn i @e !liIua nomina

(:ll together 1x&2x * #o the first choice firstM second choice second, if third, then third choice third") Xnam vidJs3 . . . ' Xnam F 2ullam ) vide8. + Euantity #iscrete Htram vidJs3 . . . ' HtramF!lteramFGeutram ) vide8. + Euantity #iscrete Hllum vidJs3 . . . ' !liIuem F !liIuid F Gullum ) vide8. + Euantity !ontinuous ZT8tum vidJs3 . . . ' T8tum F $artem ) vide8. + Euantity !ontinuous

"
Start 6oudly, end Softly" mult8 agit valdJ in parte mod=cJ paul8 vi6 =se an appropriate tone*of*voice" Nnus maior Nnus minor Nna maior Nna minor Nnus melior Nnus peior Nna melior Nna peior ,ir maius agit much'ly) very partially moderately, &ind of 'by) a little scarcely a greater man a lesser man a greater woman a lesser woman a better man a worse man a better woman a worse woman does more

$uer minus >ulier melius 2oror peius 2ervus plNs

less better worse more

+omparative !dverbs: (#o the acrosses.) laetus,-a,-um laetir, laetir, laetius laet=,-ae,-= laeti8ris laet8,-ae,-8 laeti8r= laetum,-am,-um laetirem, laetirem, laetius laet8,-9,-8 laeti8re, laet,-ae,-a laetir;s, laetir;s, laetira (Everyone together, Prompt: ---------E3emplum " " " 9patium " " " !olo " " " ,i s cum " " " ----------

gesture" #o first the downs, then the acrosses.) Fem. Masc. Neut. >air vr $lus aIua 2imilius nomen >airis vr $lCris aIuae 2imili!ris nminis >air vr $lCr aIuae 2imili!r nmin >airem vrum $lCrem aIuam 2imiliius nmen >aire vr. $lCre aIu# 2imili!re nmine >air:s vr. $lCr:s aIuae 2imili!ra nmina 2F2x3 is /enitive o" the +hole3

ote6 ,9lus a=uae.- N ,More of +ater.-

"
+lass: Lcho: Laeti8r laetius agit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Buam Iu='s)3 fel=ci8r fel=cius agit. 3 $lCs plCs agit. 3 Laeti8rJs laetius agunt. Iu= 3 fel=ci8rJs fel=cius agunt. 3 $lCr:s plCs agunt. 3 <onus: Laeti8r laet8 . . . laetius agit -el=ci8r fel=c= . . . fel=cius agit. !ltius altius cadit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuem3 Longius longius vertit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuem3 >elius melius agit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuem3 !mplius amplius movit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuem3 ;5ebilis,-e K wea& -acili8ra facilius placent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuae3 -orti8ra fortius capiunt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuae3 Buam humilius. Buam brevius. Buam peius. Buam angustius. Buam 5ifficili8ra. Buam 5ebili8ra. 7nd Lcho: Buam tristi8r. Buam inf:lici8r. Buam minr. Buam tristi8rJs. Buam inf:lici8rJs. Buam pauci8rJs.

2imili8ra similius respondent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuae3 >ai8ra maius s; monstrant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuae3 ;;$lCra plCs faciunt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buam Iuae3

Buam dissimili8ra. Buam min8ra. Buam pauci8ra.

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" $n =nison"
M. & F. -us -Ns -u= -um -N -Ns -uum -ibus -Ns -ibus N. -N -Ns !hant the downs '76) -N -N -N -Na [K#on%t chant, but )ust make -uum [K sure you that know these two. -ibus -ua -ibus Jumer>te omn@s" 'D6) ,=gint=, tr=gint9, Iuadr9gint9, IuinIu9gint9, se69gint9, septu9gint9, oct8gint9, n8n9g=nt9, centum.

Split" ?ecite all vocab sections 1x. bellum suum suum corn" passus tuus e6ercitus tuus hostis tuus orbis tuus manus mea centuria mea cohors mea legi8 mea pars mea t&eir Bar &is &orn your pace your army your enemy your world my hand my century my cohort my legion my part

"
'TribGnus:) Jumer> ingentiter 8 (Everyone < :ccentuate on the yellow syllables se69gint9, !ount hugely8 note irregular letters") +entum, sescent= m=lle

,=gint=, tr=gint9, Iuadr9gint9, IuinIu9gint9,

septu9gint9, oct8ginta, n8n9gint9, centum.

ducent=, trecent=, Iuadringent=, Iu=ngent=,

septingent= octingent= n8ngent= m=lle

du8 m=lia

(Noys do green, girls pinkM perhaps gesture on all but the last 1") Iu8rum whose F of whom e8rum their h9rum of these ill9rum of those ips8rum of the same @onesA su8rum of themselves F their's) nostr puer nostrae puellae vestr puer vestrae puellae our men women your-all.s men your-all.s women

Split up and gesture. #o the acrosses in the left 1 columns, 1x each. Then do the right 1 columns. Genitive: '$oint up) '$oint 0 circle) V Genitive: '$oint up) '$oint 0 circle) fJmin=nae parsfJmin=narum pars V centuriae pars centuriarum pars mascul=ni pars mascul=norum pars V mascul=ni pars mascul=norum pars obiect pars obiectorum pars V tect pars tectrum pars gener9lis pars gener9lium; pars V hostis pars hostium; pars ;Gote: $lural \-um\ is more common) #o all the acrosses, gesturing separately on each noun. 3mit the gray. om O /en. Flius trib"s . . . om O 1at. Flius tribu . . . om O Acc Flius ad tribum . . . om O Abl. Flius b tribu! . . . -----------------------------------------om O /en.9l. Fli tribuum . . . (ribus "li. (ribus "li!. (ribus ad "lium (ribus b "li! (rib"s "li!rum.

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@!hant all vocab wordsA

"
Split and recite each line 0x"

Nna pecunia Nna uncia Nna nNbes Nnus mons Nnus sol Nnus fundus Nnus f=nis Nnus locus Nnus as Nnus dJn9rius num caelum num flmen num latus num mare num ltus num obiectum num pretium

a @piece ofA money an ounce F uncial a cloud a mountain a sun a base an end a place a pound a denarius a &eaven a river a side a sea a seas&ore an ob.ect a price

Buant= constat3 cost Buant8s numerat3 count Buid gerit3 wear Buid comedit3 eat Buid cogn8scit3 &now, be familiar with Buid vendit3 sell Buid emit3 buy @Then redo all but the first, using 1nd person singular.A Split gesture. #o the first two columns of acrosses, each line twiceM then do the last two columns. '7 fists) ad fJmin=nas ad mascul=nos C ad neutra ad gener9les ad gener9les ad gener9lia 'neut.) V !ccusative: '/ fist) '7 fists) V ad pecuniam ad pecunias ad locum ad locos V ad obiectum ad obiecta V ad f=nem ad f=nes V ad partem ad partes V ad mare 'neut.) ad maria 'neut.)

!ccusative: '/ fist) ad fJmin=nam ad mascul=num ad neutrum ad gener9lem ad gener9lem ad gener9le 'neut.)

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$n =nison" Nna t=bia nus dens

nus oculus nus p;s nus digitus num s num caput num collum num pectus num femur ali<ua viscera $n unison" 5ative: '$oint once) fJmin=nae mascul=no obiect gener9li

'$oint twice) fJmin=nis mascul=nis obiectis V gener9libus

V V coll V V V

'$oint once) tibiae ocul colls femur= 8r= dent=

'$oint twice) tibi=s oculs femoribus 8ribus dentibus

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"
Split" Nna spJs a hope Nna rJs a thing Nna rJs pNblica a Republic Nna n9vis a ship nus nauta a sailor nus agricla a farmer nus e<uus a &orse nus du3 a leader #o the acrosses 'each row 76)" 5irls" Noys" cl9rJ incipis cl9rius dNcis obscNrJ obscNrius =r9tJ =r9tius laetJ laetius certJ certius fidJliter fidJlius Split up, diJs die= 5esture. Say it S63L6HM the 1nd time, the girls say )ust theirs really fast. rJs spJs re= spe=

die= diem diJ diJs diJrum rJrum diJbus diJs diJbus

re= rem rJ rJs rJbus rJs rJbus

spe= spem spJ

"
$n =nison" sine perterrit=s sine cl9r=s sine obscNr=s sine cert=s sine fidJlibus sine =r9t=s sine laet=s terrified 'ones) bright 'ones) dar& 'ones) certain 'ones) faithful 'ones) angry 'ones) (oyful 'ones)

$n =nison" #o each line 1x. #o the 1 left columns, then the 1 right columns. !blative:'Gesture low) 'Gesture low with 7 hands) a fJmin=na a fJmin=nis V 9 rubr9 vi9 9 rubr=s vi=s a mascul=no a mascul=nis V 9 croce s8le 9 croces s8libus a neutro a neutris V 9 caerule mar= 9 caerules maribus a gener9leF-= a gener9libus V 9 virid= terr9 9 viridibus terr=s a gener9le/- a gener9libus V 9 virid monte 9 viridibus montibus a gener9leF-i a gener9libus V -- virid rNre -- viridibus rNribus 'use ab before a vowel: ab omnibus, never a omnibus ) + Think" *hy is it virid and not viride 3 *hy is it mar and not mare 3 *hy is there no preposition in the last one3 Fli tribuum. . . . (ribCs "li!rum. Fli trib#us. . . . (ribCs "lis. Fli inter trib"s. . . . (ribCs inter "li!s. Fli $ tribi#us. . . . (ribCs $ "lis.

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"
$n =nison" RL>#,L

dJbJ,-Jte dJbe8,-Jre cess9,-9te cess8,-9re v=ve,-ite v=v8,-ere 'dJ)pinge,-ite 'dJ)ping8,-ere Split. #o each line 1x. Nna virtNs Nna v=ta Nna pictNra Nna causa num tempus num vitium

owe, ought, should cease, stop live to paint, to draw virtue life picture cause time vice

$n =nison" +Nr3 Buod mihi necesse est. *hy3 . . . <ecause . . . +ur3 Buia mihi necesse est. *hy3 . . . <ecause . . . Hbi3 Buand8 poter. when 4 will M +uand8 depingis, cur cess9s3 Buod debe8. $n =nison, gesturing. #o first the downs 1x each, then the acrosses 1x each, then the acrosses again 1x each from memory (slowly, with the screen turned off)" $resent: -uture: $resent: -uture: cess8 cess9bo move8 movJbo cess9s cess9bis movJs movJbis cessat cess9bit movet movJbit cess9mus cess9bimus movJmus movJbimus cess9tis cess9bitis movJtis movJbitis cessant cess9bunt movent movJbunt Same as above" $resent: v=v8 v=vis v=vit v=vimus v=vitis v=vunt Same as above" $resent: audi8 aud=s audit aud=mus aud=tis -uture: v=vam v=vJs v=vet v=vJmus v=vJtis v=vent -uture: audiam audiJs audiet audiJmus audiJtis $resent: incipi8 incipis incipit incipimus incipitis incipiunt -uture: incipi9m incipiJs incipiet incipiJmus incipiJtis incipient

audiunt

audient

$n =nison. #o he downs 1x each, then again from memory (slowly with the screen off). $resent: -uture: $resent: -uture: 'pos-)sum 'pot-)er8 e8 =b8 'pot-)es 'pot-)eris =s =bis 'pot-)est 'pot-)erit it =bit 'pos-)sumus 'pot-)erimus =mus =bimus 'pot-)estis 'pot-)eritis =tis =bitis 'pos-)sunt 'pot-)erunt eunt =bunt Same as above" $resent: fer8 fers fert ferimus fertis ferunt -uture: feram ferJs feret ferJmus ferJtis ferent $resent: -uture: 'n-)vol8 'n-)volam 'n8n) v=s 'n-)volJs 'n8n) vult 'n-)volet 'n-)volNmus'n-)volJmus 'n8n) vultis 'n-)volJtis 'n-)volunt 'n-)volent

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$n unison, do each line 1x" nisi defend:s olim defend:bam nisi pendis olim pend:bam nisi pugn#s olim pugn#bam nisi lab8r#s olim lab8r#bam nisi lab8r#s olim dormi:bam nisi compl:s olim compl:bam $n unison. #o this column 2x. per=culum pro6imum stultus cib pl:nus defend pendFhang'down) fight wor& sleep fulfill, complete nearest danger the stupid @oneA full of food

$n =nison, gesturing. #o first the downs 1x each, then the acrosses 1x each, then the acrosses again 1x each from memory (slowly, with the screen turned off)" $resent: -uture: $resent: -uture: pugn8 pugn9bam comple8 complJbam pugn9s pugn9bas complJs complJbas pugn9t pugn9bat complet complJbat pugn9mus pugn9bamus complJmus complJbamus

pugn9tis pugnant Same as above" $resent: pend8 pendis pendit pendimus penditis pendunt

pugn9batis pugn9bant -uture: pendJbam pendJbas pendJbat pendJbamus pendJbatis pendJbant

complJtis complent $resent: faci8 facis facit facimus facitis faciunt -uture:

complJbatis complJbant

faciJbam faciJbas faciJbat faciJbamus faciJbatis faciJbant

Same as above" $resent: -uture: dormi8 dormiJbam dorm=s dormiJbas dormit dormiJbat dorm=mus dormiJbamus dorm=tis dormiJbatis dormiunt dormiJbant $n =nison. #o the downs 1x each, then again from memory (slowly with the screen off). $resent: -uture: $resent: -uture: 'pos-)sum 'pot-)eram 'trans)e8 'trans)=bam 'pot-)es 'pot-)eras 'trans)=s 'trans)=bas 'pot-)est 'pot-)erat 'trans)it 'trans)=bat 'pos-)sumus 'pot-)eramus 'trans)=mus 'trans)=bamus 'pot-)estis 'pot-)eratis 'trans)=tis 'trans)=batis 'pos-)sunt 'pot-)erant 'trans)eunt 'trans)=bant Same as above" $resent: -uture: $resent: -uture: 'trans)fer8 'trans)ferJbam 'n-)vol8 'n-)volJbam 'trans)fers 'trans)ferJbas 'n8n) v=s 'n-)volJbas 'trans)fert 'trans)ferJbat 'n8n) vult 'n-)volJbat 'trans)ferimus 'trans)ferJbamus 'n-)volNmus'n-)volJbamus 'trans)fertis 'trans)ferJbatis 'n8n) vultis 'n-)volJbatis 'trans)ferunt 'trans)ferJbant 'n-)volunt 'n-)volJbant

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"
@!hant all vocab wordsA $resent: $assive: $resent: $assive:

ag8 agis agit agimus agitis agunt 4mperfect: agJbam agJbas agJbat agJbamus agJbatis agJbant -uture: agam agJs aget agJmus agJtis agent

agor agJris agitur agimur damus agimin= aguntur $assive: agJbar agJbaris agJbatur agJbamur agJbamin= agJbantur $assive: agar agJris agJtur agJmur agJmin= agentur -uture:

d8 das dat damur datis dant 4mperfect: dabam dabas dabat dabamus dabatis dabant dab8 dabis dabit dabimus dabitis dabunt

dar daris datur damin= dantur $assive: dabar dabaris dabatur dabamur dabamin= dabantur dabor daberis dabitur dabimur dabimin= dabuntur

$assive:

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"
@!hant all vocab wordsA 2um... labor9ns vidJns agens capiJns audiJns #culus labor9ntis videntis agentis capientis audiJntis -ave8 laborant vident= agent= capient= audiJnt= !m8... laborantemFns videntemFns agentemFns capientemFns audiJntemFns +um... laborante/ videnteF= agenteF= capienteF= audiJnteF= ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2unt laborant;s/ia videntJsFia agentJsFia capientJsFia audiJntJsFia >ult= laborantium videntium agentium capientium audiJntium -ave8 laborantibus videntibus agentibus capientibus audiJntibus !m8... laborant;s/ia videntJsFia agentJsFia capientJsFia audiJntJsFia +um... laborantibus videntibus agentibus capientibus audiJntibus

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"
@!hant all vocab wordsA

$resent: ag8 agis agit agimus agitis agunt $resent: ag8 agis agit agimus agitis agunt

$resent: -uture: move8 mov= movJs movist= movet movit Jgimus movJmus movimus Jgistis movJtis movistis JgJrunt movent movJrunt $erfect: Jg= Jgist= Jgit Jgimus movJmus Jgistis JgJrunt $resent: move8 movJs movet movimus movJtis movent $erfect: mov= movist= movit movistis movJrunt

-uture: Jg= Jgist= Jgit

$erfect: -ut$erf: $luperf: $erfect: -ut$erf: $luperf: Jg= Jger8 Jgerammov= mover8 moveram Jgist= Jgeris Jger9s movist= moveris mover9s Jgit Jgerit Jgerat movit moverit moverat Jgimus Jgerimus Jger9mus movimus moverimus mover9mus Jgistis JgeritisJger9tis movistis moveritis mover9tis JgJrunt JgJrint JgJrantmovJrunt moverint moverant -inal syllable -inal syllable raise tone drop tone

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"
@!hant all vocab wordsA actus actrus acta actra actum actrum " " " est " " " act actr actae actrae act actr " " " pars " " " act actr actae actrae act actr " " " fav;re " " " actum actrum actam actram actum actrum " " " amat" act actr act: actr: act actr " " " f;lce --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------act actr actae actrae acta actra " " " sunt " " " actrumactrrum act:rumactr:rum actrum actrrum " " " mult " " " acts actrs acts actrs acts actrs " " " fav;re " " " acts actrs act:s actr:s acta actra " " " amant" acts actrs acts actrs acts actrs " " " felcibus"""

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"
@!hant all vocab wordsA Jg= Jgist= Jgit Jgimus Jgistis JgJrunt Jger8 Jgeris Jgerit Jgerimus Jgeritisact/ae JgJrint actus/a sum actus/a es actus/a/um est act/ae sumus act/ae estis act/ae/a sunt 4. -irst time through, reverse the words. Jg= . . . 2um actus. actus/a er Jgeramactus/a eram actus/a eris Jger9s actus/a er:s actus/a/um erit Jgerat actus/a/um act/ae erimus Jger9mus act/ae er:mus eritis Jger9tis act/ae er:tis act/ae/a erunt JgJrant act/ae/a

erat erant

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"
@!hant all vocab wordsA 2ciamF2ci8F2c=v= eam . . . am9re am9r= am9visse am9tram esse am9tam esse 2ciamF2ci8F2c=v= eum . . . capere cap= cJpisse captrum esse captum esse 2ciamF2ci8F2c=v= illud . . .movJre movJr= m8visse m8trum esse m8tum esse

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@!hant all vocab wordsA $resent: am8 am9s am9t am9mus am9tis amant $resent: ag8 agis agit Sub)unctive: amem am;s amet am;mus am;tis ament Sub)unctive: agam ag:s agat $resent: move8 movJs movet movJmus movJtis movent $resent: senti8 sent=s sentit Sub)unctive: moveam move:s moveat move:mus move:tis moveant Sub)unctive: sentiam senti:s sentiat

agimus agamus agitis agatis agunt agant

sent=mus senti:mus sent=tis senti:tis sentiunt sentiant

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@!hant all vocab wordsA 2lowly: Labor#Prem Labor#Pr:s Labor#Pret !udPrem !udPr:s !udPret Buic&ly Labor#Pverim Labor#Pvers Labor#Pverit !udPverim !udPvers !udPverit

*
2lowly: Labor#r:Pmus Labor#r:Ptis Labor#Prent !udPr:Pmus !udr:Ptis !udPrent

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Buic&ly Laborav:r mus Laborav:r tis Labor#Pverint audPv:r mus audv:r tis audPverint

Gote how similar they are, the latter (ust soundling li&e a high pitched 0 muffled form of the first.
Goot' sci8 mJ . . . volu= ut . . . vol8 ut . . . sci8 tJ . . . volu= ut . . . vol8 ut . . . scit sJ . . . voluit ut . . . vult ut . . . ToHHHHH To]]]'pastly) To have HHHHed To be going toHHHHH To &ave been HHHHed am9re am9vere am9visse am9tNrumFam esse am9tumFam esse am9remF-r am9verim am9vissem am9tNrus F a essem am9tusFa essem amemF-r am9verim am9tNrus F a sim am9tusFa sim am9re am9rJsF-ris amJsF-ris am9re am9rJtF-tur amJtF-tur am9visse am9vissJs am9veris am9tNrumFam esse am9tumFam esse am9tNrus F a essJs am9tusFa essJs am9tNrus F a sis am9tusFa sis essJt

am9visse am9tNrumFam esse am9tumFam esse am9avissJt am9tNrus F a esset am9tusFa am9verit am9tNrus F a sit am9tusFa sit

sciunt sJ . . . am9re am9visse am9tNrsF:s esse am9tsF:s esse voluJrunt ut...am9rJntF-ntur am9vissJnt am9tNr F ae essent am9t Fae essJnt volunt ut . . . amJnt F-ntur am9verint am9tNr F ae sint am9t F ae sint

Gelation of Main verb to sub.unctive tense sounds' !udi Iu narr#verit et Iu narr:t $ hear how she spoke, !udiam ...will hear... !udverim ...will%ve heard... !udi:bam Iu narr#visset et Iu narr#ret . . . Audv !udveram 2cveram Iuem am#viss:s, itaIue Iuem am#r:s. 0cv 2c:bam 2civerim Iuem am#veris, itaIue Iuem am:s.

how she speaks.

2ciam 2ci

$ can count, because $ could $ will be able... $ will%ve been able... before.

habe Iu numerem . . . Iuod habu Iu numer#rem hab:b . . . Iuod habuerim . . . Iuod ,ide8 Iu8 surgat. ,ideb Iuis surre6erit. Iuod Iuod Iuod Iuod ... ...

,id:bam =u surgeret ,d ,deram ,id:bam =uis surrexissent. ,d ,deram

Iractice se<uence of tenses" ?abe Iu numeraverit itaIue Iu numeret . . . ?ab:bam Iu numer#visset itaIue Iu numer#ret. ,ide8 Iu8 surre6erit, itaIue Iu surgat. ,id:bam =u surrexissent, ita=ue =u surgeret issent . . . #rent erint . . . ent ,d ubi servs mes nec#vissent, ut m: nec#rent. ,ideo ubi servs mes nec#verint, ut m: necent.

isset . . . :ret Rog#bam Iuis pensum heri compl:visset ne hodie compl:ret. erit . . . eat Rogo Iuis pensum heri compl:verit ne hodie compleat. issent . . . erent erint . . . ant videns Iu vincat vicerit ,d:bam cur her gessissent ut hodie gererent. ,ide cur heri gesserint . . . ut hodie gessant ... ... vsus Iu vinceret vicisset. [K 2ay verbs slowly [K 2ay verbs Iuic&ly

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5esture as you recite" Girls only: ,ol8 ut. . .v8c9ta sim. ,olu= ut. . . essem. ,ol8 ut. . .v8c9ta sis. ,olu= ut. . . essJs. ,ol8 ut. . .v8c9tum sit. ,olu= ut. . . esset. <oys only: ,ol8 ut. . .v8c9t simus. ,olu= ut. . . essJmus. ,ol8 ut. . .v8c9t sitis. ,olu= ut. . . essJtis. ,ol8 ut. . .v8c9ta sint. ,olu= ut. . . essent. Girls only:

>etu8 nJ debitNrus sim. >etu8 nJ debitNrus sis. >etu8 nJ +ityban& debitNrum sit. <oys only: >etuJbam nJ debitNrus essem. >etuJbam nJ debitNrus essJs. >etuJbam nJ +ityban& debitNrum essJt. '...that FFF should be called.( ...vocer. ...vocJmur. ...vocJris. ...vocJmin=. ...vocJtur. ...vocentur. '...that FFF might be driven.( ...ager. ...agJmur. ...agJris. ...agJmin=. ...agJtur. ...agentur. '...that FFF was&were being called.( ...voc9rer. ...voc9rJmur. ...voc9rJris ...voc9rJmin=. ...voc9rJtur ...voc9rentur.

>etu8 nJ debitNrae simus. >etu8 nJ debitNrae sitis. >etu8 nJ thesaura debitNra sint. Girls only: >etuJbam nJ debitNrae essJmus. >etuJbam nJ debitNrae essJtis. >etuJbam nJ thesaura debitNra essent.

'...that FFF might be favored.( ...favear. ...fave9mur. ...fave9ris. ...fave9min=. ...faveatur. ...faveantur. '...that FFF might be heard.( ...audiar. ...audi9mur. ...audi9ris. ...audi9min=. ...audi9tur. ...audiantur. '...that FFF should%ve been called.( ...vocatae sim. ...voc9tae simus. ...voc9tae sis. ...voc9ta estis. ...vocatae sit. ...voc9ta sint.

2tudi:bam Iu ali nec#t essent, ne ali= nec#rentur. 2tudi Iu ali nec#t sint, ne ali= necentur. 2cv Iuis heri captus esset n: hodi: caper:tur 2c Iuis heri captus sit n: hodi: capi#tur. 5idic Iuomodo verba dicta essent ut bene dicerentur. 5isc Iuomodo verba dicta sint ut bene dicantur. Enunciate Slowly" 2tudi:bam Iu ali nec#t essent, ne ali= nec#rentur. 2tudi Iu ali nec#t sint, ne ali= necentur. 2tudi= Iuis heri captus esset n: hodi: ego caperer. 2tudi8 Iuis heri captus sit n: hodi: ego capiar.

/st +on(. Drd 8onQ. Drd +on(.

'/st +on(.) 2Drd 8onQ.3

?er= didicistis Iuomodo verba Lat=na dicta essent ut bene comprehenderJmin=. +ras disc:tis Iuomodo verba Lat=na dicta sint ut bene comprehend9min=. 'Drd +on(.) TacitJ eamus per hanc viam, ut n8n vide9mur. '7nd con(.)

TacitJ fu=mus per illam viam, nJ v=s= essJmus. 5=c magn9 v8ce, tu Iuae obst9ta sis, ut longJ audi9ris. <ene: 5=6ist= magna v8ce, tu Iuae obst9ta essJs, ut longJ aud=rJris. 'Oth con(.)

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@!hant all vocab wordsA $ die morior moreris moritur morimur morimin= moriuntur $ will die mori9r moriJris moriJtur moriJmur moriJmin= morientur $ was dying moriJbar moriJb9ris moriJb9tur moriJb9mur moriJb9min= moriJbantur had died er9s erat er9mus er9tis erant $ suffer patior pateris patitur patimur patimin= patiuntur ...$ will... ...$ was... pati9r patiJbar patiJris . patiJtur . . . . . . .

$ died $ will have died mortuus sumer8 eram mortuus es eris mortuus est erit mortu= sumus erimus mortu= estis eritis mortu= sunt erunt ...that $ die mori9r mori9ris moriatur mori9mur mori9min= mori9ntur ...that $ was dying. morerer morerJris morerJtur morerJmur morerJmin= morerJntur

$ suffered ...will%ve... ...had... passus sum er eram passus . . . . . . passus . . . . . . pass= . . . . . . pass= . . . . . . pass= . . . . . . ...that $ suffer ...that $ was suffering. pati9r . . . paterer pati9rispaterJs pati9tur . . . . . . . passus passus passus pass pass pass ...that $ suffered. ...had... sim essem sis ess:s sit esset simus ess:mus sitis ess:tis sint essent

...that $ died. ...had... mortuus sim essem mortuus sis essJs mortuus sit esset mortu= simus essJmus mortu= sitis essJtis mortu= sint essent

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@!hant all vocab wordsA 2criptusFLitteraF,erbum " " " legendus legenda legendum " " " est " " " legend legendae legendpars " " " legend legendae legend fav;re " " " legendum legendam legendum " " " monstrat" legend legend: legend " " " recept!%-$%-! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2criptFLitteraeF,erba " " " legend legendae legenda " " " sunt " " " legendrum legend:rum legendrum " " " mult " " " legends legends legends " " " fav;re " " " legends legend:s legenda " " " monstrat" legends legends legends " " " recept!%-$%-! Think" Lhat is going on in each of these situationsO !udi:ns audiendamF$s . . . $lac:ns placendaeFs Laud#ns laudandamF$s . . . . !mplect:ns amplectandamF$s !m#ns am#ndumFam. . . . Gasc:ns nascendumFam >etu:ns metuendum%!s . . . . -av:ns favend!Fs 4nspici:ns inspiciendum%!s . . . . Rt:ns Ctend!%s Buaer:ns IuaerendumFa . . . 5c:ns dicendumFa !g:ns agendumFa . . . +ompl:ns compl:ndumFa ,:nit Iuod vult pugn#re. ,:nit caus# pugnand. ,:nit Iuod favet pugnand. ,:nit ad pugnandum. $ugnand v:nit. ,enit Iuod vult edere Cv#s. !enit pr amre edend Cv#s. !enit =uod "avet edend Cv#s. ,enit ad edendum Cv#s. Ldend compl:t, Cvae e nn satis sunt.

Buomodo similis +aes#r fier potes3 . . . 2icut +aesar fi:r potes, facillime sic: !ltius nascend, Bitter#s bellrum turum scribend, Litter#s discend, St plCs legin:s mittantur "aciend, LoIu public: practic#nd, Exercitum tuum bene dCcend, +onvivia; optima faciend 2K parties3 Milit:s tus t: am#re "aciend, Et sic multissimam pecCniam debend, 0ibi credend, 0ed pecCniam nn habend, Flumen *ubicnem transiend, St tC sis gubern#tor et debita redd:s petend.*mam petend, Et sic gubernatr essend %nimcs tus vincend, 9ecCniam obtinend, *mam reveniend. Etiam legin:s obtinend, Et sic %mperator essend.