Reading practice: Extreme Sports There are 5 parts of the sentences missing from the text.

Read the text and complete gaps 1 5 with sentences A F. There is one extra sentence that you do not need. Extreme sports (also called action sports, aggro sports, and adventure sports) is a popular term for certain activities perceived as having a high level of danger. These activities often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion, and highly specialized gear. There are more than forty kinds of extreme sports. The definition of an extreme sport is not (1) ____________________, but it gained popularity in the 1 !s "hen it "as picked up by marketing companies to promote the # $ames (The X Games is a sports event, controlled and arranged by the %.&., "hich focuses on extreme sports.) and the 'xtreme &ports (hannel and 'xtreme.com launched. )hile use of the term *extreme sport* has spread far and "ide to describe a multitude of different activities, exactly "hich sports are considered +extreme+ is debatable. There are, ho"ever, several characteristics common to most extreme sports. (,) ____________________- ho"ever, they tend to have younger follo"ers. 'xtreme sports tend to be more solitary than traditional sports. (.afting and paintballing are a notable exception, as they are done in teams.) /n addition, beginning extreme athletes tend to "ork on their craft "ithout the guidance of a coach (though some may hire a coach later). 0ctivities categorized by media as extreme sports differ from traditional sports due to the higher number of naturally uncontrollable variables. These environmental variables are fre1uently "eather and area, (2) ____________________. 3ecause these natural phenomena cannot be controlled, they inevitably affect the outcome of the given activity or event. /n a traditional sporting event, athletes compete against each other under controlled circumstances. )hile it is possible to create a controlled sporting event such as # $ames, there are environmental variables that cannot be held constant for all athletes. (4) ____________________ for sno"boarders, rock and ice 1uality for climbers, and "ave height and shape for surfers. )hilst traditional sporting 5udgement criteria (6) ____________________ (distance, time, score, etc.), extreme sports performers are often evaluated on more sub5ective and aesthetic criteria. This results in a tendency to re5ect unified 5udging methods, "ith different sports employing their o"n ideals and indeed having the ability to evolve their assessment standards "ith ne" trends or developments in the sports. 0. bet"een an extreme sport and a conventional one 3. may be adopted "hen assessing performance (. exact and the origin of the term is unclear D. extreme sports are considered to be the domain of the youth '. for example, "ind, sno", "ater and mountains 7. examples include changing sno" conditions

Reading practice: Extreme Sports

Answer Sheet

There are 5 parts of the sentences missing from the text. Read the text and complete gaps 1 5 with sentences A F. There is one extra sentence that you do not need. Extreme sports (also called action sports, aggro sports, and adventure sports) is a popular term for certain activities perceived as having a high level of danger. These activities often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion, and highly specialized gear. There are more than forty kinds of extreme sports The definition of an extreme sport is not (1) ( exact and the origin of the term is unclear , but it gained popularity in the 1 !s "hen it "as picked up by marketing companies to promote the # $ames (The X Games is a sports event, controlled and arranged by the %.&., "hich focuses on extreme sports.) and the 'xtreme &ports (hannel and 'xtreme.com launched. )hile use of the term *extreme sport* has spread far and "ide to describe a multitude of different activities, exactly "hich sports are considered +extreme+ is debatable. There are, ho"ever, several characteristics common to most extreme sports. (,) 8 Extreme sports are considered to be the domain of the youth- ho"ever, they tend to have younger follo"ers. 'xtreme sports tend to be more solitary than traditional sports. (.afting and paintballing are a notable exception, as they are done in teams.) /n addition, beginning extreme athletes tend to "ork on their craft "ithout the guidance of a coach (though some may hire a coach later). 0ctivities categorized by media as extreme sports differ from traditional sports due to the higher number of naturally uncontrollable variables. These environmental variables are fre1uently "eather and area, (2) ' for example, wind, snow, water and mountains . 3ecause these natural phenomena cannot be controlled, they inevitably affect the outcome of the given activity or event. /n a traditional sporting event, athletes compete against each other under controlled circumstances. )hile it is possible to create a controlled sporting event such as # $ames, there are environmental variables that cannot be held constant for all athletes. (4) 7 Examples include changing snow conditions for sno"boarders, rock and ice 1uality for climbers, and "ave height and shape for surfers. )hilst traditional sporting 5udgement criteria (6) 3 may be adopted when assessing performance (distance, time, score, etc.), extreme sports performers are often evaluated on more sub5ective and aesthetic criteria. This results in a tendency to re5ect unified 5udging methods, "ith different sports employing their o"n ideals and indeed having the ability to evolve their assessment standards "ith ne" trends or developments in the sports. 0. bet"een an extreme sport and a conventional one 3. may be adopted "hen assessing performance (. exact and the origin of the term is unclear D. extreme sports are considered to be the domain of the youth '. for example, "ind, sno", "ater and mountains 7. examples include changing sno" conditions