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R.C. C. Design of E.S.R (Cap. 50,000 liters)

@ Pimpari, Tal. Man, Dist. Satara
(Rastriya Payjal Yojana)

Agency- M/s. Abhiyanta Constructions, Satara, Dist. Satara



Data-
1. Height of Staging- 12.00 m
2. Tank height- 02.60 m
3. Foundation level below G.L. - 01.50 m
4. Free board- 00.30 m
5. Safe bearing capacity of soil strata- 250.00 kN/m^2
6. Seismic zone- III/IV

Materials-
1. Concrete- M25/M35
2. Rebar Steel Fe415/Fe250

Codes used-
1. IS:456-2000
2. IS:13920-1993
3. IS:3370-1965(Part I / II/ IV)
4. IS:1893-2002 ( Part I/ II)

Methods of Design-
1. Working stress method for container components i.e. roof slab, tank wall,
floor base slab, floor beam and balcony
2. Limit state method for staging design i.e. columns, braces and footings.

Soft wares used for finite element analysis of all components
1. STAAD.Pro 2006
2. SAP 2000 Nonlinear( for verification)

Loads and load combinations
1. DL
2. LL
3. EL/WL
And combinations thereof.




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Capacity calculations-

Capacity - 50,000 liters =50 m^3
Assume internal dia. of the tank to be 5.270 m. Effective .Span. ---5.470 m
Height total -2.60m
Depth of water in the tank 2.60m 0.30 m (F.B.) = 2.30 m
Volume available =50.16 m^3 Ok.

Design of Roof Slab (125 mm thick) M25
Loading ---- i) Self wt. --------------0.125 x 25 = 3.125 kN/m^2
ii) Finish --------------- = 1.000 kN/m^2
iii) Live load ----------- = 1.500 kN/m^2
___________
Total intensity (w) = 5.625 kN/m^2

Bending moment in radial (Mr) and circumferential (Mc) directions

BM.
kNm/m
Simply Support Fully Fixed *Partially Fixed STAAD.Pro
End Span End Span End Span End Span
Mr 0.00 7.89 -5.285 2.60 -2.60 5.28 -4.385 3.254
Mc 5.285 7.89 0 2.60 2.60 5.28 -0.89 3.251
*Partial fixity here indicates 50 % relaxation of end moments

The moment Mr and Mc at mid-span and at ends depend on actual support end
conditions. In Staad. Pro, tank wall (support to the roof slab) and roof slab can be
modeled together to get realistic values for the moments. Here max. Span moment
is taken for partially fixed condition and Staad.Pro results for end moment (being
greater) as highlighted in the table above.

Eff. Depth (d) required. = 67.01 mm
Eff. Depth (d) available = 125-25-10-10/2 =85mm Ok.
Area of steel at center (Ast)c= 475 mm^2 > 366 mm^2 ( 0.293% for tk.125mm)
.
Bottom steel
Provide 10mm@ 150 mm c/c at centre in the form of mesh. Also provide
4-8mm ring bars at end at 250 mm c/c.
Top Steel
Provide 10mm @250 mm c/c and 8mm@250mmc/c for a length of 1 m in radial
direction (or only 10mm @170 mm c/c) with 5-8mm ring bars at 250 mm c/c

Design of Tank Wall (200 mm thick)-M25
IS: 3370-1967(Part-IV) gives coefficients for hoop tension and bending moments
for individual components with certain end conditions. The actual end conditions
(due to continuity between components- wall, slabs etc.) for E.S.R. can be much
different from those of IS: 3370. The following table shows the comparison
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between IS: 3370 and actual results. The deflected shape of the tank wall due to
continuity with roof and base slab is shown in the figure below (Staad.Pro result
file).


H^2/Dt
= 6.41~6.0

Hoop Tension T(Hr.) kN

Bending moment M(Vr.) kNm/m
*IS3370 Staad.Pro *IS3370 Staad.Pro
0.0h -0.685 03.90 --- ---
0.1h -07.88 -26.00 0.0173 3.86
0.2h -15.77 -37.00 0.052 2.55
0.3h -23.31 -37.40 0.14 1.58
0.4h -30.17 -31.89 0.35 1.151
0.5h -34.97 -21.02 0.56 1.145
0.6h -36.34 -05.62 0.81 1.26
0.7h -31.54 12.10 0.90 1.02
0.8h -21.94 23.02 0.50 -0.23
0.9h -8.23 10.64 -0.72 -3.01
1.0h 0.00 0.00 -3.287 -7.85
*Results are for fixed base condition


Hoop tension steel
In the form of rings in horizontal direction It is designed for max hoop tension of
37.40 KN of the table above. No crack condition is satisfied (c act=0.182N/mm^2).
Ah required = 249.63 mm^2 < Ahmin. (0.27%= 540 mm^2)
Steel on face 540/2= 270 mm^2
Provide on each face of wall 10mm@ 250 mm c/c ring bars staggered.
i).Vertical steel (on inner face)
Designed for max. -ve B.M of 7.85 kNm/m (tension on inner face at bottom)
Ast required=360.25 mm^2
Provide 10mm@ 200 mm c/c throughout and
ii) Vertical steel (on outer face)
Designed for max. + B.M. of 3.86 kN.m/m
Provide 08mm@ 200 mm c/c throughout the height of the wall.



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Design of Floor Base Slab-(250 mm thick) M25- (square panel)

Loading ---- i) Self wt. --------------0.250 x 25 =06.250 kN/m^2
ii) Finish --------------- = 01.000 kN/m^2
iii) Water load ----------- = 26.000 kN/m^2
___________
Total intensity (w) = 33.250 kN/m^2

BM.kNm/m at Mid Span(Mx & My) BM.kNm/m at Edge (Mx & My
IS:456 -2000 Staad.Pro IS:456 -2000 Staad.Pro*
11.88 16.45 -15.86 -10.52/ -13.62
*Note- 10.50kNm is at beam edge while 13.60 is at wall edge.
Above moments also differ (IS: 456 & Staad Pro) as IS: 456 coeff. are for certain
condition( fixity) of the slab( i.e. continuous interior panel) but Staad results are
based on actual continuity or partial fixity status at the edge.
So design moments are taken from Staad.Pro results
Eff.Depth( d) required=108.45 mm
Eff. Depth (d) available = 250-25-1.5 x10 =210mm Ok.
Bottom Steel
Ast at center =601.97 mm^2 >Asmin(642mm^2)
Provide 10mm@ 125 mm c/c at mid-span in the form of mesh.
Top Steel
Ast at support /edge = 496.27 mm^2
Ast available =312 mm^2 from bent up bars of mid span steel. Now provide extra
cut bars (L/4) 08mm@ 250 mm c/c.
Extend this steel in curved portion of the slab such that it will rest upon 2-16mm
provided in the wall at bottom as wall also supports some load of curved portion of
the base slab.

Design of Balcony (100 mm thick and 0.9 m wide) M25
Loading ---- i) Self wt. --------------0.1 x 25 = 02.50 kN/m^2
ii) Finish --------------- = 01.00 kN/m^2
iii) Live load ----------- = 02.00 kN/m^2
___________
Total intensity (w) = 05.50 kN/m^2

B.M max= 2.22 kN.m ( Staad.Pro Value-2.14kNm/m)
d required = 43.74 mm
d available = 100-25-10/2 = 70 mm
Ast required = 243.02 mm^2
Provide 8mm@ 200 mm c/c. Also provide distribution steel in the form of rings -
6mm@ 150mm c/c.



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Floor Beams (300 mm x 700 mm overall) M25
B.M.max = 55.28 kN.m at mid span
Eff. Depth required = 365 mm
Eff. Depth available=700 -40-20/2 = 650 mm. Ok.
Ast at required at mid-span = 651.93 mm2
Provide 4-16mm longitudinal bars throughout at bottom.
At top provide 2-16mm throughout.
Also provide 2- 8mm on each side face.
Max Shear =40.78 kN.
Provide 8mm 200mm c/c throughout.

Seismic Analysis of the tank as per IS:1893-2002 ( Part-II)

Vb = 68.19kN (See page No. 7 for details).

Wind load Analysis
Vb(Wind) < Vb(Seismic) .So only Seismic loads will be considered for staging
design

Column Design (350 mm x 350mm)-M25
Load Comb. - 1.5 (DL + EQ)
Design forces The right top column is critical (values are shown in bracket below).
Axial force Pu-764(517) kN
Mux- 40.7(65.6) kNm, Muy- (Min) 15.28(13.5) kNm
Privide column of size 350 mm x350mm square section with 4-16+ 4-12 bars.
Muxl= 99(102) kNm, Muyl= 99(102) kNm
Pu/Puz =0.44(0.30) = 1.40(1.16)
[Mux/Muxl] ^ + [Muy/Muyl] ^ = 0.36(0.70) <1 Ok.
Max Shear -32.1 kN
Provide links 8mm @ 100 mm c/c for 450 mm at ends and 200 mm c/c remainder

Design of External Braces (230 mm x 400 mm)-M25
Design moment Mu = 65.80 kNm at face of the column
Eff. Depth (d) required = 287.96 mm
Eff. Depth (d) available = 400- 25- 16/2 = 367 mm > 287.96 mm. Ok.
Ast required at Ends =558.08 mm^2
Provide 2-16 mm throughout and 1- 16 at end (L/4) at top and bottom
Max shear 45.10 kN
Provide stirrups 8mm @100mm for 1m. @ 200 mm c/c remainder

Ground Level Braces (230 mm x 400 mm)-M25
External Braces
Provide 2-16 mm throughout at top and bottom
Also provide stirrups 8mm @100mm for 1m. @ 200 mm c/c remainder

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Internal braces
Provide 2-16mm throughout at top and bottom
Also provide 8mm @ 200 mm c/c through out

Design of column footings (M25)
Axial load Pu = 764 kN
Axial load Pw = 764 /1.5 = 509.33 kN
Moment Mu = 40.7 kN
Moment Mw = 40.7/ 1.5 = 27.13 kNm
Provide Size of Footing 1.65 m x 1.65 m (Area = 2.7225 m^2)
M.I.of footing- 0.617 m^4
Upward Pr. = 223.32 kN/m^2 > 1.25 x 250 = 312.5 kN/m^2 Ok.
BM max = 77.84 kNm (1.5 x 77.84 = 116.76 kN.m)
Eff. Depth required = 290.88 mm
Provide total depth of 550 mm at column face and 200 mm at edge.
Ast required = 694.05 mm^2
Provide 10mm @ 175 mm c/c
Check for punching shear (at dist. d/2 away from column face)
1.5 x 223.32[1.65^2- 0.79^2] = 704 kN
Shear stress =0.575 N/mm^2
Permissible shear stress = p = ks x c
ks =( 0.5 + 1) < 1.0 .Hence ks =1
c = 0.25x sq. root ( fck) = 0.25 x sq. root( 25) = 1.25 N/mm^2
p = 1.0 x 1.25 = 1.25 N/mm^2 > 0.575 N/mm^2 Ok.
Hence provide footing of size 1650 mm x 1650 mm x 550/200 mm with 10 No. of
10mm bars in both the directions






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DISPLACED SHAPE OF TANK UNDER SEISMIC LOADING




FLOOR BEAM BMD UNDER GRAVITY WORKING LOAD (DL + LL)

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Seismic Analysis of the tank

Di= 5.270 m twall= 0.2 m Z= 0.24
h= 2.3 m troof= 0.125 m I= 1.5
fb= 0.3 m tbase= 0.25 m R= 2.5
H= 2.6 m tbal= 0.1 m


Ww= 502.7117 kN Wt of floor beam

Wc= 559.388 kN b= 0.3
Beam
No. 4

Wroof= 79.05475 kN D= 0.7 Length 3.86

Wwall= 223.6319 kN Wfb 3.375 kN

Wb= 158.1095 kN

Wbal.= 46.48196 kN Wst= 275 kN (Staad Output)
Wbeams 52.11 kN 1/3Wst= 91.66667 kN

Total of Ww and Wc


1062.1 kN C.G. of the empty tank from top of the floor
Total of Wc and 1/3 of Ws y= 0.812253 m

Ws 651.0547 kN ms 66366.43 kg or 66.36643 tonnes
Parameters of spring model-

mass m 51244.82
kg
or 51.24482 tonnes

h/D= 0.436019

mi/m= 0.484875 mi= 24.84734 tonnes

mc/m= 0.48654 mc= 24.93265 tonnes

Time period (Implusive Mode)

Ti= 0.952034 Sec. ks= 3974 kN/M (Staad Output)
Time period (Convective Mode)

Tc= 2.946404

Kc= 113.4113 kN/M

Design Seismic Coeff.

Sa/g(i)= 1.050383 Sa/g 0.509095

Ah(i)= 0.075628 Vb(i)= 67.67207 kN

Ah= 0.036655 Vb 8.965385 kN

Tank full condition

Vb= 68.1890 kN

Sloshing wave height
Tank empty condition

0.241792 <0.30 m Ok.
T = 0.810076 Sec

Sa/g= 1.231412

Ah= 0.088061

Vb= 57.70361 kN

Vb (Tank Full) > Vb (Tank Empty).Hence Tank full condition governs the design.

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