Matter & It’s

Properties
Physical Properties &
Physical Changes
 Quest
Histograms
!
 Substances
• All matter consists of various substances.
• Some exist alone; most are mixed together.
• A substance is a unique sample of matter that
has specific properties associated with it.
• Extensive Properties depend on the amount of
matter present (mass, volume, amount of
energy)
• Intensive Properties do not depend on the
amount of matter present.
 Compounds
Water is a molecule made of one oxygen atom
and two hydrogen atoms (H2O)
It has different properties
than either oxygen or
hydrogen.
 States of matter
• Solid - matter that can not flow and has definite
shape & volume.
• Liquid - definite volume but takes the shape of its
container (flows).
• Gas - a substance without definite volume or shape
and can flow. Expands to fill its container.
• Vapor - a substance that is currently a gas but
normally is a liquid or solid at room temperature.
 States of Matter
Definite Definite Temp. Com-
Volume? Shape? increase pressible?
Small
Solid YES YES NO
Expans.

Small
Liquid YES NO NO
Expans.

Gas Large
NO NO YES
Expans.
 Physical Properties
• Are consistent and unique with respect to any
single substance.
• Can be measured and observed without
changing the actual substance into a new one.
 Physical Properties
• Examples of physical properties are:

Please find your Dr. Bunsen Honeydew and

brainstorm as many physical properties as
you can think of.
 Physical Properties
Some examples of Physical Properties are:
• Electrical Conductivity • Specific Heat
• Heat Conductivity • Color
• Density • Texture
• Melting Point • Shape
• Boiling Point • Mass
• Index of Refraction
• Malleability
• Ductility
 Physical Changes
Throughout such changes, the substance
maintains the same identity!
• A single substance cannot be broken down and
separated by physical means.
• Mixtures however, can be separated into their
component substances on the basis of the
differing physical properties.
 Physical Changes
•Examples of physical changes:
Please find your Professor Frink and
brainstorm examples of physical changes.
 Physical Changes
Examples of Physical Changes are:
• Phase Changes (States): Solid, Liquid, Gas,
Plasma
• Individual Separation of the Components of a
Mixture (Distillation, Filtration,
Chromatography)
• Form or orientation of an object.
 Phase Changes
Sublimation

Melting Vaporizati
on

Soli Liqui Gas

d d
Freezin Condensati
g on
Deposition
 Glass
Bending!
Where the silicon dioxide flows like,
well, silicon dioxide.
Glass Molecular Structure
 Glass Bending Goals
1. Observe and work with the physical properties of
silicon dioxide (glass) which is an amorphous
solid. In other words, it doesn’t have any long
range order to the atoms and flows over time.
Glass is actually a super cooled liquid and does not
have a rigid molecular arrangement.
2. Learn to polish the ends of a piece of glass tubing.
3. Bend 3 sections of glass into the following shapes.
90° angle, 60° angle, G (for Gunn)
Relie
f
Ice Water!
Sympath
y
Band Aids!
Hypochondria
Burn Spray!
Coddling
Nurses Passes!
Maybe someday you
will be the next Dale
Chihuly!