TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER

Objective:
The objective of this project is to control the temperature level in boiler tank
automatically with help of Programmable Logic Controller.
Scope:
Automation is a concept that has become a keyword in the industry today. A
product that is highly reliable quality yet cost effective only services in the competitive
today. This can be achieved effectively only by a good automotive system. Automation
is essential for increased productivity and improved quality reduction process inventory
increased safety of working personal etc. !"isting trends in control automation includes
the conventional relay logic planes computer based controls as in direct numeric and
computer controls transfer machines etc. The latest trend in logic control is the
Programmable Logic Controller.
This project is very useful to many industries Applications where the boiler
temperature is maintained to certain level.
Brief Methodology:
This project is designed with
PLC
#eater
Contactor
Temperature sensor
$oltage converter
Amplifier
A Programmable Logic Controller is a device which capable of being programmed
to perform a controlling function.
A PLC is an ideal substitute for conventional relay logic timer sequencers. The
PLC is similar to the familiar microprocessor but with e"tended capabilities. The basic
function of a PLC is providing output commands to machine or process based on some
combination of a set of input condition to that machine or process. The internal wiring of
a PLC is fi"ed and the logical function that it must perform are programmed into a
memory hence the name programmable logic controller. A processor with built routines
scans the input signal in accordance with stored program in memory initiates the required
output signals.
%n this project we are programmed the PLC as per our objective. The temperature
sensor is special type of sensor. The sensor resistance is varied according to temperature
level. Then the varying resistance value is converted to corresponding voltage signal.
Then the voltage signal is given to amplifier in order to increase the amplitude of the
signal. Then the amplified voltage signal is given to PLC analog input terminal. &hen
temperature level is increased the voltage signal also increased when it is higher then set
value the heater is automatically turned off. 'imilarly when the temperature level is
lower then the set value the heater is automatically turned (). This process is continued
so the temperature level is maintained to the certain level.
Adv!tge:
*. Low power consumption.
+. PLCs are easy to program and install and PLC editing feature allows program
changes.
,. There is no fluctuation when internal relays between turned on and turned off.
-. The speed for PLC logic operation is determined by scan time which is of the
order of millisecond.
Applictio!:
The temperature level monitoring and controlling system can be used in many
industries Applications where the boiler temperature and water tank temperature is
maintained to certain level.
BLOC" #$A%RAM:
Co!tctor
&eter A'plifier
(oltge
Co!verter
Te'pert)re
*e!*or
PLC