AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

PRAJA

REFERENCING
Referencing is a standardized method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas
that you have used in your assignment in a way that uniquely identifies their source. Direct
quotations, facts and figures, as well as ideas and theories, from both published and
unpublished works, must be referenced.
WHY
Protects against plagiarism.
to verify quotations, and to enable readers to follow-up and read more fully the cited
authors arguments.
WE NEED TO FOLLOW APA STYLE ? 6
TH
EDITION
Standardization in writing over the world.
Provides style guidelines : Consistent appearance




AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

Margins: one inch on all sides (top, bottom, left, right)
Font size and type: 12-pt. Times new roman font
Line spacing: double-space throughout the paper, including the title
page, abstract, body of the document, references, appendixes,
footnotes, tables, and figures.
Spacing after punctuation: space once after commas, colons, and
semicolons within sentences. Insert two spaces after punctuation
marks that end sentences.
Alignment: flush left
Paragraph indentation: 5-7 spaces or one tap
Pagination: the page number appears one inch from the right edge of
the paper on the first line of every page.

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

TITLE PAGE FORMAT
Pagination: the title page is page 1.
Running head: the running head is typed flush left (all uppercase) following
running head:
Key elements: paper title, author(s), institutional affiliation(s), author note.
Paper title: uppercase and lowercase letters, centered on the page.
Author(s): uppercase and lowercase letters, centered on the line following the title.
I nstitutional affiliation: uppercase and lowercase letters, centered on the line
following the author(s). If necessary provide more information
Author note: provide information about the authors departmental affiliation,
acknowledgments of assistance or financial support, and a mailing address for
correspondence

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

Running head: the running head is a short title that appears at the top
of the pages of a paper or published article. The running head is typed
flush left at the top of all pages. The running head should not exceed
50 characters



AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

ABSTRACT
The abstract is a one-paragraph, self-contained summary of the most
important elements of the paper.
Pagination: the abstract begins on a new page (page 2).
Heading: abstract (centered on the first line below the running
head)
Abstract title in bold times new roman, size 14 point font
Format: the abstract begins on the line following the abstract heading.
The abstract word limit is set by individual journals. Typically, the
word limit is between 150 and 250 words.
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

Case Analysis ( Center)

One small paragraph about what u found:
Question 1 Heading : don't write a question directly
For example: what are the four types of strategic control that are defined
in case?
Question 1 Heading : The four types of strategic control
Question 2 Heading:
And so on
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

Heading : Five type of Heading ( we practice 3 level of Heading)

Heading 1 : Center alignment, Bold

Heading 2 : Left flush, Bold

Heading 3 : Left flush, Bold
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA



AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA





To reference or not to reference, that is the
question.

If u copy the text, table, figure, theory of other
author then u have to !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!


AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

TEXT CITATION
Wirth & mitchell (1994) found that..
If two or more authors are cited at the same point in the text then they are
included in the same in-text citation, separated by a semicolon, e.g., (Brown,
1991; Smith, 2003).
Don't think just do it what every you want to do on life( Praja, 2013).
According to praja (2013) Don't think just do it.

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA


AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

BUT IT IS BETTER TO USE IN BUILD FUNCTION OF MICROSOFT WORD to
cite document and to put referencing and bibliography. Just u need to to check up your
APA edition.
Don't worry there is no more change between APA 5
th
editinon and 6
th
edition. There
is some degree of change in heading function and reference list.
Just u need to enter the TAP in second line of reference list and how can we do it. I
will show it by showing in Microsoft word..
The more your practice u will become more familiar with system.
If you still want to use general practice , u need to look APA 6
th
edition document for
proper citation
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA


AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA



AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA


AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

How to put reference on paper: Note reference should be in separate page.
Reference > bibliography > reference or bibliography or work cited



AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

After inserting the reference or bibliography don't forget to change font into Times New
Roman and font size into 12 ( by default reference display in Arial ). Put reference in
middle
And if you using APA 5
th
edition microsoftword office then donot forget to press tap in
second line of reference list.


AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

BIBLIOGRAPHY Vs. REFERENCE.
References should contain only those works cited within the text.
A BIBLIOGRAPHY is any list of references Whether cited or not. The material
that u read to add value in the work paper will include .
It always good and safe to chose published and authorized source of information.
Don't include Wikipedia in referencingit is not valid source
Some international journal or document include both reference and bibliography.
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

Should I include page numbers from books
or other sources in the citations?

Yes if used quotation marks in citation then u have to ..
SECONDARY REFERENCING
The author of the book I read mentions another author.

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

If u have more information then click on show all Bibliography fields

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA




Different instructor make their own requirement .try always to make match
between APA format and instructor requirement

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA

How to format page number:

Write your paper and decide where u want to format page number. At that page.
Do: PAGE LAYOUT >BREAKS> SECTION BREAKS> NEW PAGE
NOTE : you can do multiple section break at same document.

Then u have to do link the previous first page ( if u do one section break then
your page contain two part, it should be link)



AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA


Select the first page NUMBER OF SECOND SECTION > LINK TO
PREVIOUS > GO TO FIRST PAGE OF FIRST SECTION THEN CLICK
PAGE NUMBER OF HEADER> PAGE NUMBER( RIGHT CORNER) >
FORMAT PAGE NUMBER > ENTER YOUR NUMBERING STYLE LIKE
I,II,II OR A, B,C.YOU DID FORMATTING FIRST SECTION
Then see in section 2 first page number it start from other number than 1.
CLICK NUMBER> PAGE NUMBER > FORMAT PAGE NUMBER> START
FROM 1
Done u format page number

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA




AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
PRAJA