EARLY

'

(SEE PLATES XVII-XXI)

HE absence of mint-names on most of the gold dinars

issued by the Umayyad and early 'Abbsid Caliphs
poses a challenging problem of attribution which has
not heretofore received the attention it deserves. Where were
these dinars struck? It would be a matter of great interest to
know how many mints there were and just where they were
located, for these are facts that would be of no little value in the
study of the economic and political development of the early
Arab empire.
Quite recently, in an article published in the Bulletin de T Institut
d'fgyte, M. Marcel Jungfleisch has brought forward some very
ingenious arguments which will not fail, I am sure, to stimulate
fresh interest in this question.1 In the present article I submit
my preliminary contribution to the discussion. A rare oppor- *
tunity to study at first hand a large number of Umayyad and
early 'Abblsid dinars has furnished me with the necessary materiah 185 pieces from the former Yacoub Artin Pasha Collection, acquired by Robert C. H. Brock in 1902 and given to the5
University of Pennsylvania Museum2; 80 pieces in the Museum
of the American Numismatic Society^ and 18 in the collection of
1 "Les points secrets en numismatique: une Innovation due aux Arabes (?)," in Bulletin
de rinstitut d"gypte, XXVIII (1945-1946), Cairo (1947), pp. 101-115. The first to
broach the whole subject was Stanley Lane-Poole in a brief article entitled "On mintcharacteristics of Arabic coins," in M7, 1873, pp. 54-59. Two years later E. T. Rogers
gave special consideration to the problem (so far s the 'Abbsid dinars are concerned)
in bis "Notice on the dinars of the Abbaside Dynasty" in JRAS, 1875, pp. 262-304.
2 In the name of the American Numismatic Society and on my own behalf may I take
this opportunity of expressing great appreciation of the kindness of the authorities of the
University Museum in placing the whole Artin Pasha-Brock collection of oriental coins
on temporary loan in our Museum. The series of Umayyad and early 'Abbsid dinars
in this collection is remarkable: between the years 77 and 208 of the Hijrah, only five of
the "mintless" years are lacking.

93

94

-d. N. S, Museum Notes

the Hispanic Society of America, now on loan with The American Numismatic Society.
It is quite obvious that any attempt to assign mints to the
dinars lacking mint-names must be based upon a large mass of
material either examined at first hand or eise accurately described or reproduced in the Hterature. A cursory study of the
subject is enough to convince one that many, perhaps the
majority, of the published "mintless" dinars have not been accurately described or reproducedthat is, the minute details
upon which arguments and conclusions must rest have not, in
general, been conscientiously reported, M. Jungfleisch appropriately draws attention to this fact. My good fortune, above
referred to, imposes upon me the prime Obligation of placing before the Student this important body of material. While I doubt
that any definitive conclusions can be reached before a great
many more dinars have been accurately described,3 I have in
preparation for publication a detailed summary of the reliable
material heretofore published, together with specific arguments
for the attribution of over 100 of the 279 varieties of 'Abbsid
"mintless" dinars which I have been able to distinguish. These
attributions (many of them quite tentative) are limited to the
dinars issued after the year 169 A.H.; in other words I have at-.
tacked the problem at the easier and more vulnerable end, for
in the last 30 years of the second, rfnd the first two decades of
the third centuries of the Hijrah, before mint-names begin to
appear regularly on the 'Abbsid dinars, there are many more
3 How greatly simplified the problem would be if provenance and hoards were recorded.
Consider, for example, the Baghdad hoard of 30,000 (?) dinars which came to light on
the banks of the Tigris in 1897, a part of which is apparently still preserved unpublished
in the Istanbul Museum (cf. E.V. Zambaur in his obituary of Halil Edhem, Mitteilungen
derNum. Gesellschaft in Wien, II (XVIII), 7,1940, p. 131). These were mostly 'Abbsid
dinars of later date, but there may have been earlier ones among them. In any case, here
is an example of unpublished material which puts what has so far been described in the
shade. Anotherexample is the great Ermitage collection which has been inventoried only
in the most summary fashion.

Same Early Arab Dinars

95

clues for attribution than there are in the earlier period. My intention in thus working backwards, so to speak, is to provide a
firm basis for further study and for the eventual determination
of criteria for the attribution of the earlier issues.4
It is my hope that the present article may induce readers to
re-examine the pertinent dinars in their possession or under their
care, and to publish, or otherwise make available, their fmdings.
With such additional material I might anticipate making the
study I have referred to a more useful one than it would otherwise be.5 In preparing this publication I have taken into consideration over nine hundred dinars published in the scattered
numismatic literature in addition to those described in the present article. This might appear to be an impressive number; but
the figure is deceptive, for although I have excluded many whose
descriptions are obviously incomplete or faulty, I have also probably included a very considerable number which should for the
same reason, in a lesser degree, have been excluded.6 It can, ,=
therefore, be readily appreciated that the accretion of additional
completely reliable evidence cannot fail to have a favorable effect
on the study and its conclusions.
Herewith the list of dinars in the three collections referred
+ A detailed examination of M. Jungfleisch's arguments, with which I fear I cannot
wholly agree, will appear in its proper place. In brief, he is disposed to see in certain of
the "secret points" indicators of the initial lettersof the names of the mints at which given
dinars were struck. He confesses that "les deductions . . . comportent encore une bonne
part d'hypothese." Particulars aside, I feel that a much larger body of evidence must be
assembled and that the argument must be built, s I say, upon a more secure foundation;
and it is for these reasons that I am approaching the problem in the present fashion.
s I would welcome and gratefully acknowledge descriptions, casts or photographs forwarded to me at the Museum of The American Numismatic Society. By "the pertinent
dinars" I mean all Umayyad dinars of the reformed type and 'Abbsid dinars, including
those bearing mint-names, down through the reign of al-M*mn (a;8 A.H.). Weights
would of course be desirable,and descriptions should include referenceto points, Symbols,
and other peculiarities.
6 Except when a writer has proved himself to be consistently conscientious, it is, for example, difficult or impossible to determine whether all the points and peculiarities have
been described.

96

A, N. S. Museum Notes

to. I have carried the inventory down through the reign of alM'mn, and have included the dinars with mint-names s
they have an important bearing on the attribution of the earlier
or contemporaneous dinars. UM=University Museum, Philadelphia; ANS=American Numismatic Society (MMA=permanent loan from the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York);
HSAHispariic Society of America, New York. Weights are in
grams, diameters in millimeters. Where there is no description
there is an absence of points or of other special characteristics.
Those coins which are illustrated are indicated by an asterisk.
GEORGE C. MILES

79
79
79
80

m.
4-35
4.21
4.19
4.17
4.26
4.16
4.13
4.19
4.25
3-78
4.21
4.24
4.18
4.17
4.29

80

pierced
4.25

I9

80
80
80
81

4.14
4.14
4.20
4.19

19
19
19
19

81

4.20

19

Date
No date

77
78
78
78
78
78

79
79
79
79

DL
20

Obverse
Reverse
Type of Paris I, no. 26; Berlin I, no. 21 5

Coliectton

UM

Lane-Poole, JIUS 1875, no. 8.

UM
UM

20
20
20
19

ANS (Wood)
ANS (Newell)
HSA 537
HSA 539

19-5
19-5
20
19.5

UM

19.5

ANS (Newell)
ANS (MMA-

I9

ANS (MMA-

Durkee)

20
2O
19
20

Durkee)
HSA 536
HSA 538

Central pt. under a and above d.7

HSA 544
UM

Central pt. under a and above space between ANS (Newell)

m and d.
Central pt. under a and above m.
HSA 540
Central pt. under space before a and above m. HSA 541
Central pt. under a and above m.
HSA 542
Pt. above sh, 3rd line. Central pt. under a and above m. The word/J UM
henceforth disappears from the date-formula.
, Central pt. under a and above space between ANS (Newell)
m and d.

-' This point is in all probabity a die-cutter's centering point; but s it quite frequently lies somewhat off center with respect to the die itself and might just
possibly have some significance, I have rendered its exact posion with reference to the letters of the word ahaon the first line and those of the word cd-samad
on the second.

N.

Date

*22
23

82
83

Wt.
4.19
4.19

Di.
19
'9

24

84

4.17

19

*25

84

4-25

IQ

26
27
*28
*29

85

IQ

86
86
87

*3o

88

4-23
4.19
4.20
4-23
pierced
4.18

31

88

4-23

2O

*32

89

4.20

2O

33

89

4.27

2O

34

89

4-23

19-5

*35
37

90
90
90

4.26
4.24
4.19

20

*38

91

4-23

19.5

i
SV f

40

*4i

Obverse

Reverse
Collection
: beneath ist letter of ylad.
UM
: beneath ist letter of ylad midway between it UM
and n of al-dlnar.
: beneath ist letter of ylad midway between it UM
and d of al-dlnar.
: beneath ist letter of ylad midway between it HSA 543
and i of al-dlnar.
,

Pt. over 4 of duriba.

Pt. over d of duriba.
Pt. over /of duriba. Pt. under b of sah'.

19.5
19
19.5

: under ist letter of ylad, but removed from it UM

and falling under i of al-dlnar.
: under w of ylad, but removed from it and ANS (Newell)
falling under * of al-dlnar.
: under w of ylad, but removed from it and UM
falling under / of al-dlnar.
: under w of ylad, but removed from it and ANS (Newell)
falling under i of al-dlnar.
: under w of ylad, but removed from it and ANS (MMAfalling under i of al-dlnar.
Mills and Farman)
Pt. under space between r and b of duriba.
UM
Pt. under space between r and b of duriba.
ANS (Newell)
Pt. under space between r and b of duriba.
ANS (MMAs
Mills and Far0
man)

2O

19.5
19

Pt. under s of bism; pt. under beginning of b of

</,4r,bfl.

UM

t- 5

ft. uttcr fit third of A of /wr-iA.

UM

19

Pt. under first third of b of duriba.

ANS (MMA-

;t

>

+.4

9'

pierced
4-22

91

2.12

UM
UM
ANS
UM

J5

i 4)1 v

'

IM V

4| ^

Mills and Farman)

UM

_i>J1
A-S-jJ|

Margin to al-haqq.
*42

91

1.02

14.5

\1 V

pierced

Large pellet beneath area.

Margin: (j***J'j (>&} ii i_ix! 1* o^>
Area s no. 41 without pellet.
UM
Margin: tj+*~S3 (*>} *^~> ki*w1 }JJ* o^*

4jJi v

43

91

1.42

44

92

4.10

i9-5

*45

92

4.24

20

*46

92

*47

92

2.29
ringed
1.42

48

93

4.20

49
50

94
94

51

94

4.22
4.18
fitted for ring
4.18

Margin s no. 41.

As no. 42.

15-5

As no. 41.

As no. 42.

As no. 42.

Pt. under first third of b of duriba. Digit writ- UM

ten (j-lJ*
Pt. under first third of b of duriba; pt. under / ANS (Newell)
of al-dlnar. Digit written s above.
Area s no. 41.
UM
Margin: [jj-.jiuJ'j {j^S ii uua:J| }JA o^-
Area s no. 41 without pellet.
UM
Margin: j>*~ (jr^ - ^1 l-i o^
UM
Pt. under first third of b of duriba.

19.5
20
20
2O.5

ANS (Greenwood)

UM

*.

ANS (Starosselsky)
HSA 13157

m.

*52

Date
94

1.43

Di.
13-5

As no. 42.

53

94

1.07

12

As no. 42.

54
56

95
96
96

57

96

58

96

59
60
61
62

96
97
x/
97
x/
98

*6\j3
*64

99
99

Ne.

4.21

4.19

4.15

Collection
Reverse
UM
Area s no. 4 1 without pellet.
Margin: <>*~ gj\* 1^1 )-** ->.>
ANS (Newell)
Area s no. 41 without pellet.
Margin: (V)ji^-"j jl - MSM 1-i -o^
Despitethedenomination thulth(Y3 ),the weight
is that of % .

Obverse

UM
UM

2O
2O
20

ANS (Nies)

pierced

65
66

I6.5

As no. 41.

1.57

14.5

As no. 42.
->.
As no. 42.

rin.ged
1.44
4-23
4.16
4.18
pierced
4.29
1-45
1.42
4.22

99
IOO
IOO

*67

2. II

2.IO
pierced

H
21
2O.5
20-5

ANS (Newell)
Area s no. 41.
Margin: <j-*~ c i- d*dl l-i* o>>
Despitethe denominationM/M (yz ), the weight
is that of %.
UM
Area s no. 41 without pellet.
Margir s no. 57.
ANS (Newell) .
As no. 58.

UM

HSA 13158
Pt. under beginning of b of duriba.

UM
Pt. under beginning of b of duriba.
UM
Area s no. 41 without pellet.
Margin: (j^uJ^ *-uJ L~ slUJ| I-XA <^j*>
UM
As no. 64.
C(
UM
Pt. under first third of b of tfuriba.
Area s no. 41. Pt. above and after h of al- UM

2O.5
13-5

H
20
15

UM

As no. 42.
As no. 42.
As no. 41.

rahman.

IOO

69

IOO

7O

IOI

71

102

*'

I-I4
twice pierced
ringed & encased
4.16
pierced

A M. 42.

Are* * no. 42. Pt. bovc wnil ficr h of al-rajf- U M

man.

20.^

Margin: *1 l* vULlJl |OA oj-

As no. 68, partly obliterated. Pt., if any, ob- UM
scure.
Pt. under Jieginninir of h of -/*/*/ h&

2O

Digit written {j~*

13

Mint

m.

As no. 42.

*72

IO2

Al-Andalus

4-30

Di.
Obverse
20
As no. 41.

*73

IO2 Al-Andalus

2.12

16.5 As no. 41.

*74

IO2

Al-Andalus

1.43

75

IO2

Al-Andalus

1.43

15

*76

103

4.21

20

77
78

103
103

4.12
4.29

19.5

No. Date

Al-Andalus

19

UM

Reverse
Collection
Area s no. 41, without pellet beneath. Pel- HSA 13159
let (apparently) above m of bism.
Margin :
Area s no. 41.
Margin:

HSA 13161

As no. 4 1 . Pt. after a Area s no. 41 without pellet.

HSA 13212
of allh in area. Margin:
..$ j.p' -, jJjjyl sUd) 10* oj-^
As no. 74.
As no. 74.
ANS (Newell-ex
Campaner?)
Central pt. above dofa/-sarnad(?). Pt. under UM
AS no. 41.
^

beginning of b of duriba.
As no. 76.
HSA 14067
Area s no. 41 without pellet. Pt. between HSA 13211
h and m of al-rahman.

: beneath * of al-rahim midway between it

and n of al-Andalus. Pt. under beginning
of b of duriba.

*79

103

W.
i-43

Obverse
Di.
12.5 As no. 42.

80

103

1.42

13-5 As no. 42.

81

103

1.44

'3

82

104

*83

105

3-'7
clipped
4.20

Mint

No. Date

848 105 Ma'din amlr al-

4.16

As no. 42.

18.5
19.5

Central pt. above d of al-famad. P t. under UM

beginning of b of duriba.
Cf. Casanova, Inventaire . . . Princesse Is- ANS (Newell)
matl, nos. 162-3, 397^~7-

20

mu 'minin bi'IHijz
No.

Date

Wt.

Di

86

85

106
107

4.21
4.19

19.5
19-5

UM
: beneath first letter ofylad midway between UM

87
*88

107
108

4.19
4.22

20
20

89

109

3-98

19.5

90

109

4.20

19.5

ANS (Starosselsky)
Central pt. over d of al-^amad. : beneath first UM
letter ofy/ad midway" between it and J of
al-dinar.
Central pt. over space between m and d of al- UM
famad.
As no. 89.
ANS

1 tO

4-3

HO

4.08

24

III

4.21
4.21

19-5
19.5
19.5
19-5

'92

93
94
95
96
97
*g8
99
IOO

Reverse
Collection
Area s no. 42; Pt. above and after h of al~ UM
rahman.
Margin: !Uj siJ>* l- JliJ| IOA o^-
As no. 79.
ANS (MMAMills and Farman)
As no. 79.
ANS (MMAMills and Farman)
Pt. under space between r and of duriba. UM

IOI

IO2
103
104
105

112

"3

114

115

116
117
118
119
119
I2O
I2O
121

106
*io7

121
122

108
109
HO

122
123
124

III

124

3-99
4.21
4.20
4.20
4.20
4-37

20
19.5
20
19.5

3-72

19
19-5
20
2O
20

ringed & fitted

for second ring
4.02
4.20
4.19
4.22
pierced
4.21
4.18

4.24
4.20
4.60
ringed
4.20

19.5
19.5

2O
20
20
2O

Obverse

Reverse

Collection

i t and d of al-dinar.

Oentrat pt. over et of al-famad. Ten

w ritten U M

'ashr.
Ten written lashrah. In size, weight, fabric ANS
and style this dinar is atypical. It is possibly
a contemporary forgery, but more probably
the issue of some temporary mint.
Digit written ^n*l

Central pt. over d of al-samad.

UM
UM
UM
UM
UM
UM
UM
UM
UM
ANS (Newell)
UM
ANS (Newell)
UM

HSA 10625
Central pt. between w Central pt. partly obscured by d of al-$amad. UM
and h, second line of Digit written ^llf
area.
ANS
Digit written s above.
UM
Central pt. over d of al-samad.
As no. 107.
UM
'
ANS (Newell)

116
117
*n8

Date
125
125
125
126
128
129
130

Wt.
4.19
4.20
4.20
4.15
3-89
3.87
4.24

Dl.
Obverse
19.5
19-5 As no. 107.
19-5
As no. 107.
20
19
19.5
18.5

HSA 10626
UM
UM
Pt. under beginning of b of tfuriba.
UM
Two central pts., one over m, one over of al- UM

119

'31

4.14

20

jamad.
Central pt. over d of a/-famad(l).

UM

Digit written ^IJ*

UM

No.
112

"3

114

115

*I2O

132

pierced
4.20

19.5

Reverse

Collection
UM
ANS (Newell)

As no. 109.

'ABBSID

*I
2

3
4
5
6
7
8

132
133
134

4.25
4.00
4.19
4.20

19-5
19
19
19
'

135
136
'36
'37

3-95
4.22
4.17
4-34

18
18
19
19

*9

138

ringed
4-23

*IO

I7Q
O7

4.21
T

ii
12

lJ

15

16
17
18
19
20

139
I4O

4.18
3-i6
cln*1^*1

4
I42

+.J
4.2O

143

4-20

144

4.12

144

4-22

H5

3-9*

146

pierced
4.19
4.17

146

Pt. under beginning of b of duriba.

Pt. under beginning of b of tfuriba.

25
26
27

150

3-99
4.00
4.19
4.19

18.5
l8.5
19.5
l8.5
19

28

152

4.22

I8.5

29

152

4.19
4.01
4.20
4.10
4.00

19.5

3-3

16.5

34

155

35

156

clipped
4.16
pierced

UM

18
18

149

154

Pt. under b of arV.

23
24

J 53

ANS (Newell)
UM

9
l8.5

IQ7

19

Pt. after a/-JtaqjL_

As no, 21.

As no. 21.

As no. 21.
18
19
18.5 Pt. over h of ilafya.

19

UM

Pf- under hepinninp- of A of //uriha.

Pt. over n of al-dinar. Digit written &~*

3-79

'53

UM

18
19

148

3
31
*32
33

UM

^ ,

T 4:7

152

Durkee;
UM
UM
'
ANS (Newell)

17.5
/ j
18.5
7

*2_L
22

150

"'

18

UM
UM
UM
ANS (MMA-

Digit written ^-La

UM

UM
UM
UM
UM
UM

ANS (Wyman)
UM
Pt. after rasl under space between a and / of UM
al-dinar.
Pt. after rasl under a of al-dinar.
UM
UM
ANS (Wood)
ANS (Newell)
Pt. after rasl under space between dh and a UM
of hadha. Digit written {yZ*
Pt. after rasl under a of hadha. Digit written ANS (Newell)
s above.
ANS (Newell)
Digit written <j^*l
UM
ANS (Newell)
Pt. after rasl under a of al-dinar.
ANS (Wood)
Pt. under / of rasl.
Pt. after rasl under space between hadha anc UM
al-.
UM
Pt. after rasl under dh of hadha.
Pt. after rasl under space between a and / o UM
al-.

No.

*3
37

Wt.
4.20

Date
156
157

3.85

clipped

Di.
19-5

4.20
4.20
3.87
4.05
4.22

*43

160

4.14

44

161

4-15

45

161

4.21

46

162

4.14

47

162

4.22

48

163

4.22

49

163

4>2O

50

164

17

#_ .

3-45
clipped

164.
*"T

4..2I
T"*

IQ
*7

52
*^
06

I65

4.15

19

00
4 ,j.\j

IQ
*7

100

'

j.*o

Pt. under last tooth of s of sah1.

Pt. under kh of khamsln.
Pt. under kh of khamsln.
19
18
Pt. over 4 of tfuriba. Pt. after rasl under /
of al-dlnar.
Pt. in margin after n?- Pt. under b of duriba.
'9
j#/ under h of allh.
Pt.
in margin after ra19
sl under h of allh.
19.5 Pt. in margin after rasl under h of allh.
Pt.
in margin after ra- Digit written ^-li*
19
.i ^<s/ under h of allh.
Pt. in margin after ra- Digit written s above.
19
sl under h of allh.
18.5 Pt. in margin after ra- Pt. under b of tfuriba.
sl under. h of allh.
Pl.
in 'iHargiii aftei ra- Pi; untki b of auriba.
'9
sl under h of allh.
20
18.5

cJlpIH.il

55
56

166
167

4.19

18.5
20

*57

167

4.12

18.5

*58

167

3^5

18.5

59

168

4-15

20

*6o

168

; *6i
62

168
169

63

4.15

Collection
ANS (Newell)

UM

19

'57
158
158
159

*54

Reverse
Pt. after rasl under / of al-dlnar.

'9

38
*39
40
41
42

157

Obverse

'

UM
ANS (Newell)

UM
UM
UM
ANS (Newell)

UM
ANS (Newell) '

UM
ANS (Newell)

Pt

imHfM- A rf /7*-A/7*

UM

Pt

iinrtar f> nf artia'

ANS (Newell)

UM
ANS (MMA

~
f*l. III IlMklftllt llri *-

ANS (Torrey)
ANS (Newell)

Ourkc-)
l-l. -. ,~.M/u...t.r /ufW-W.^. l-t. M,~W-, v,-. U M

ter of rasl.

sl under h of allh.

ANS (Newell)
in margin after ra- 3t. after rasl under a of al-dlnar.
sl under 2nd / of al-

3t.

UM

lh.
UM

j->
^
Pellet between 2nd and 3rd line. Pt. UM
under b of sab1.
UM
Pt. in margin after ra- Pt. after rasl under a of al-dlnar.
~Sttt UTItter flCr / dTT?

Iah.
4.20

2O

4-22

19

4-20

19

169

4.19

l8.5

64

169

4.l8

19.5

65
66
67

169
170
170

4.19

20

4.13

19
9

Pt. in margin after ra- Pt. over r of al-dlnar. Pt. after rasl under a ANS (Newell)
sl under 2nd / of al- of al-dlnar.

lh.

4.12

Pt. after rasl under dh of hadha.

ANS (Newell)

Pt. over r of li-yuzhi- Pt. under b of tfuriba. Pt. under last tooth of s UM
oftisa1.
rahu.
Pt. in margin after ra- Pt. under b of duriba. Pt. under last tooth of s UM
sl under h of allh. oftisa'.
Pt. over r of li-yuzhirahu.
Pt. in margin after ra- Pt. under b of duriba. Pt. under last tooth of s ANS (Newell)
sl under h of allh. of tisa'.
Pt. over r of li-yuzhirahu.
ANS (Newell)
-

UM
UM

No.

Date

*68
69

170
171

*7o

171

m.
4.22
4.21

19
18.5

3-99

18

'7-5

Di.

Obverse

Reverse
->L-1

172

3-86

72
*73

172

clipped
4.17
4.20

74

4.22
4-15
4.18

18
18

4-15

18

75

'o

76

'73
'73
174

*77

'74

TT

18

79
80
*8i

I75

177
177

3-85
4-23
4.20

18.5
18.5

82
*#3

177
177

4-03
3-65

18
18

4 IQ
*v

18

t 0*>

4-*

7-5

87

I79

4.2O

19

I79
o

180

3-79
4.20

I8.5
19

91

181
182

4.20
4-17

18
18

4-13

Qt

182
187

19.5
18

94
95

183
r\4

4.05
4-17

18

96
97
98

184
184
185

99

185

IOO
101

185
186

*I02

pierced

186

*iO4

3.85
4.20
4.09
4.04
pierced
4.00
4-17
pierced

186

3-59
clipped
4.19

187

4-03

O /*

ANS (Newell)
ANS (Newell)
UM

,+.

UM

3j'3

'">!

UM

19

UM
UM
UM

,_ Pt. under b of satf.

"
.

Final letter of b'il-hud

is free-standing bar in
field.

Pt. under b of sah1.

ANS (Newell)
Decade clearly written jj&* (n writ- ANS (Starosselsky)

ten like isolated r); hundred written S U.

Pf
Pr

UM

rvpr nf t^/rmti

UJW

.vc-r M >f tha*miM.

"*"

7V

90

UM
UM

18

88
O
89

UM

Digit written j^l

Digit written s above.

18.5

4.00

"

18

^75

178
1/
i ?

UM

&*y

18.5

78

84.
T

ANS (Newell)
ANS (Newell)

nrW A o f / / v W A / 7 ^ ? ^

tr*

clipped

71

Pt

Collection

' *"*"* "*

"

- Tl .

k
VI IV 1
iC

Inner margin: al-Amln.

ANS (MMADurkee)
UM
TTM
U IVl

"

Digit written j-li*l

UM
UM

Inner margin: al-Amln. Digit written s above; UM

Inner margin: al-Amln.

ANS
TTM
\J IVi

19
18

[nner margin: al-Amln.

t^

UM
UM
UM

19

[nner margin: al-Amln.

UM

'nner margin: al-Amln.

ANS (Newell)

II'5

TM

r iVl
U

>^

7
i9-5
18

nner margin: al-Amln. Pt. after rasl under UM

2nd m of Muhammad in inner margin.
[nner margin: al-Amln. Pt. after rasl under ANS (Newell)
2nd m of Muhammad in inner margin.
UM
*

Di.

4.22

I8.5

187
188
189

4.10

I8.5
I8.5
I8.5

4.10
4.16
3-63

17-5

in

190
190
190

112

191

4.06

18

"asr

4.20
4.10

19
18

"

114

192
192

18

116

i93
194

4.00
4-15

,8 , -,

1,7

194

3.80

19

106
108
109
*IIO

"5

3-90
4.11

Collection

Reverse

Wt.

Date
187

No.

Obverse

UM
3t.

UM
UM
UM

over n of thamn.

UM
ANS (Newell)
UM

18
'7

4.

UM
UM
UM

Digit written (j^ 1

Digit written s above.

UM

"ssr

UM

-S3T

UM

^ 1

4.17

194

*ii8

ANS

W J

IQ
^>\t 1

*ii9
,ao

,5

I9S

4.09

18

3-77^

18.5

1.76
picrccd

10

196

3-70

18

*I23

196

4.10

18

*I24

196

4.24

17. <r

lai

IO

122

^utJwJU

UM

o-V
UM

^Jf/
*^ c^-

UM

^i ^J

UM
v

ANS (Starosselsky)

*U

UM

f^VI
*I2<?

106

<aJUU

18

4..2?

*I26

196

3-72

*I27

IQ7

4.. 2O

17
c
* /O

*I28

108

^.QQ

18

No.
129

Date
198

*i3o

199

jL*

"
. ,. ... P*". M'i'lfr b
^

Mint

UM

03-Vll

Di.
18

4.15

19.5

<<JbJj

UM

Obverse

Reverse
4

JI^Jl

.,

. ,

199

3-30

Collection
ANS (Starosselsky)
ANS (Newell)

IVIarp'in hcfins*

<j~"".j>i 3*
. . . . ^J]

131

^J]

4JJ| ^

17-5 Final letter of bil- .,,, *:1 1 1 Decade clearly* xvritten /****
v^*' * j)
o^ui
hud is free-stancling bar in Held.

UM
UM

^U)
fUyi
^Ul

u-iLl

Wt.
4.07

Decade wrongly written o^^

ANS

No.

132
'33
*i34

Date
199
199

Misr
Misr

4.12
pierced
3-68

Misr

2O I

*i38

Obverse

18
vjlkl
17

Reverse

Collection

&~\>J\
J-l

11

UM
UM

3-85

18.5 Pt. in margin after

rasl under 2nd / ur-^tJ' jj
of allh.

UM

4-13

18

UM

19.5

3-75

i.7-

3-72

18

3.86

20

Misr

2O 2

c^l

4.07
pierced

201
2O I

Di.

4JJ

200

2OO

136

Wt.

Mmt

JbM
t

_ Marein
bfrins
s no. T"?o.
*-^
^
*'

^a^

UM

UM

(^-*J 1

ANS (Starossel-'
sky)

et

Margin bfgins s no, 130 Digit UM

(J'^J 1

written ^lal
*i39

4.20

202

18

UM

o>l!

^'i -Ji,!-!
140

203

4- 7

18

*i 4 i

203

4-15

20

*I42

203

*H3

203

14^20^

Misr

4.10

17-5

346

17-5

4.2J.

_ji8

*JJ

jun

R/r

UM

4J
l^\ 1) .3

ANS (Newell)
0-

UM

>.

J^*

ANS
, ^bU, <tf

0^iii

Tcj-Jl

____._

~~v'* P6*1*'*3" vcrtici"r"bov-c

T T1V jT
Oxv.1

of al-Sarl.

145

204

146

204

*I47

205

148

205

Misr

4.04

Misr

pierced
4.20
4.11
pierced
346

18
18
19-5

^AU <U

"

UM

tfv-JI

ANS (Newell)

(C

UM

18

ANS

C5*.-^VI

149

2O6

4.24

JbJjJ

18
^j-J| /. 4J| A-,iP

150

207

4-15

18.5

151

207

4.05

18

(t

Duter margin, Qur'n XXX, 3T4.

Inner margin, date
(no mint).

UM

**U|

UM
jV^rirpfln

Onr'nn T^T T -r

UM

No.

Date

152

208

Mint

m.

Di.

4.14

19

*'53

209

Misr

4.01

17.5

*i54

210

Misr

4.19

17-5

*IS5

156

211
212

4.19
4.01

17
17-5

*i57

213

4.07

18

Obverse

Reverse

Outer margin, Qur'n XXX, 3-4.

Inner margin, date
(no mint).

Marprtn Onf'pn Tlf O-5

4&J

e J| %i 4$\

Collectton

..

Itl

3 pts. over b of duriba\y circle

over s ofsanah. Decade written 'ashr.
Area s above.
Area s above. Decade and digit
wntten: &^& .-J)
ILkxti

UM

UM
UM
ANS (Newell)

UM

UM

*i58

*i59

160
161
162

214

Misr

4.19

215

Misr
Misr
Misr
Misr

4.11
4.16
4.18
3-87

216
217

218

1Vf?rgiv ^nr'n IX 3 through al~ UM

20"' Outer margin s no.
151. Inner mar- j^Ul
gin, mint and date. mushrikna.
IVf^ro-Jn a no 15^
Asno. 159.
As no. 159.
As no. 159.
As no. 159.
As no. 159. Decade As no. 159.
and digit written:

19-5 As no. 158.

20
20
21

UM
UM
ANS (Newell)
UM

. N. S. MUSEUM NOTES

UMAYYAD DINARS

P3LTE XVII

A. N. S. MUSEUM NOTES

PLATE XVIII

51
UMAYYAD DINARS: 78-120 'ABBSID DINARS: 1-51

A. N. S. MUSEUM NOTES

'ABBSID DINARS

PLATE XIX

A. N. S. MUSEUM NOTES

PLATE XX

'ABBASID DINARS

A. N. S. MUSEUM NOTES

'ABBASID DINARS

PLATE XXI