27 Feb 2015

SG Youth @
COP20

[20th Conference of Par/es

Lima, Peru ]

Event:
SG Youth @ COP20 Sharing session
Presenters:
Zenata Putera
Tham Siang Yu
Juliana Chia
Nor Lastrina Bte Hamid

in

Climate Change
Marked by increased mean global
surface temperature
h>p://www.theguardian.com/environment/interac/ve/2013/sep/27/climate-change-how-hot-life/me-interac/ve

Climate Change is Happening

Unprecedented weather pa>erns and increased
number and intensity in weather-related natural
disasters have been a>ributed to climate change

Unprecedented levels of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere
h>p://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/

Unprecedented natural disasters

Typhoon Hagupit claimed scores of deaths
and displaced close to 1 million people.

Image made available by Na/onal Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra/on

 Rapid methane release a5er 5 - 6 degree

Celsius rise in temperature

Image made available by Interna/onal Geosphere Biosphere Programme

Impact of Climate Change on

Singapore
Food and water security issues

Geographical integrity

30% of the mainland is less than 5m above mean sea level

Vector-borne diseases
Heat related health problems
Ecological destruc/on

United Na>ons Framework

Conven>on on Climate Change

UNFCCC - Introduc>on

An interna/onal treaty to resolve climate change

Eec/ve since 1994
Ra/ed by 196 member states
The Kyoto Protocol was signed by 192 countries in
1997
Principle of common but dieren/ated responsibility

COP 20 Paving the way to Paris 2015

The Kyoto Protocol 2nd Commitment expires in
2020
Objec/ve of COP 21 in Paris: To achieve a
legally binding and universal agreement on
climate

The Singapore Youth Delega>on

Observer Tag

COP 20 Main Nego>a>ons

COP 20 Main Nego>a>ons

COP 20 Main Nego>a>ons

Adapta>on

Mi>ga>on

Intended
Na>onally
Determined
Contribu>on

Climate
Finance

UNFCCC

Green
Climate Fund

Technology
Transfer

Na>onal
Adapta>on
Plan

Mul>lateral
Assessment

Intended Na>onally Determined

Contribu>ons

In Lima, countries have agreed to
produce their INDCs
Countries to publicly outline what
ac/ons they intend to take under the
global agreement a`er Paris
Their form and rigor will determine
an ambi/ous 2015 agreement

Green Climate Fund

Pledges were made by both
developed and developing countries
to the Green Climate Fund (GCF)
$10.2 Billion pledged
Well short of the goal of $100 Billion
per year

Technology Transfer
Climate technologies to be made available for
developing countries
Climate Technology Centre and Network
Usage of the GCF

Na>onal Adapta>on Plan (NAPs)

Delivering resilience
NAPs are supported by GCF
The primary focus is the Least Developed
Countries, Small Island Developing States
and Africa

Mul>lateral Assessment
Over two days, 17 developed countries with
quan/ed economy-wide emission reduc/on
targets were assessed by other governments

Lima Ministerial Declara>on on

Educa>on
Calls on:
Governments to include climate change
educa/on into school curricula
Climate awareness to be included into na/onal
development plans

Mee>ng with Singapore

Delega>on

YOUNGO and AYCN

Singapores Primary Concern

Food Security

Deni>on Food Security

The World Food Summit of 1996 dened food
security as exis/ng when all people at all /mes
have access to sucient, safe, nutri/ous food to
maintain a healthy and ac/ve life.

Food security
Food availability
Food access
Food use

Climate change and food security

The nega/ve impacts of climate change has
implica/ons on food security
Altera/on of ecosystems
Disrup/on of crop yield

Ways to address the threat to food security

Climate monitoring and early warning systems (hydro
meteorological sta/ons and crowdsourced weather
informa/on)
Empower farmers, processors and consumers to
reduce food waste

Source: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/bigfacts/#theme=food-security

Singapore and food security

We import more than 90% of our food
An increase in the price of key food imports or
export bans by major food suppliers could
have dire consequences for Singapore
62 Farms to be phased out to make way for
military installa/ons

Food Security and Agriculture

R&D to boost produc/vity
Maximise local produc/on

Food Security and Agriculture

Communal produc/on
Garden city

When the world starts to grabble for food, they are

not going to send food to Singapore [] Instead of a
garden, it should be an edible garden. Ivy Singh,
Bollywood Veggies (h>p://youtu.be/d8aMtdKx92o)

Know what you eat and where it comes from.

Jethro Greene, Chief Coordinator of the
Caribbean Farmers Network

Ocean Acidica>on

Fig 1: Ocean surface pH -

historical values and
projected future values
based on current
emission projec<ons.

The Chemistry

Carbon Dioxide + Water Carbonic Acid

pH levels decreasing, -0.1 since Industrial Revolu/on (i.e.
increase in acidity of 30%)
Shells & skeletons gesng weaker

The Biological Impacts

Calcifying species (oysters, corals etc) highly

sensi/ve to O.A
Shellsh aected Food web aected

Why does O.A maZer to

Singapore?

Big seafood consumer; 100,000 tonnes of seafood per year

Direct human impact: amnesic shellsh poisoning
Social costs

Singapores eorts
700 coral colonies relocated
from Pulau Semakau to
Sisters Island Marine Park
1,600 coral reefs moved from
Sultan Shoal to St Johns &
Sisters Islands in 2014

Role of the UN
O.A is a global problem, it requires a global
response
Global research and collabora/on
O.A impacts stretch far onto land - cultural
impacts
Stop ignoring chemical concentra/on levels in
oceans

Recap...
What is Climate Change?
Impacts on Singapore
What is happening at the UN level
Food Security
Ocean Acidica/on

Now the ques/on is..

What can we Young People do?

Lets take a broad look at what is happening at..

The Interna/onal Youth Climate

Movement level

YOUNGO
UNFCCC observer cons/tuency of youth non-governmental
organiza/ons

https://flic.kr/p/qdJ1d3

https://flic.kr/p/q22UMm

http://youtu.be/lUSA9_dgYp0

And now..

At the Regional Level

AYCN
Asian Youth Climate Network

https://www.facebook.com/142904837963/photos/pb.142904837963.-2207520000.1422285901./10152879041287964/?
type=3&theater

https://www.facebook.com/142904837963/photos/pb.142904837963.-2207520000.1422285880./10152893623257964/?
type=3&theater

https://www.facebook.com/142904837963/photos/pb.142904837963.-2207520000.1422286060./10152884798462964/?
type=3&theater

What can you do right here in

Singapore?

Young NTUC and the 350 Singapore

movement

https://www.facebook.com/350sg/photos/a.608538102494702.156966.123943510954166/608538169161362/?type=3&theater

https://www.facebook.com/350sg/photos/pb.123943510954166.-2207520000.1422286298./849377285077448/

https://www.facebook.com/350sg/photos/pb.123943510954166.-2207520000.1422286738./909985192349990

Presenters: Zen, Siang Yu, Juliana, Lastrina

Questions?

27 Feb 2015

Presenters: Zen, Siang Yu, Juliana, Lastrina

27 Feb 2015