English Grammar

Parts of Speech
 Eight Parts of Speech

Nouns

Interjections

rbss
veerb Pr e
Adjectives v
d pos
AAd it io
ns

Conjunctions
Conjunctions
Eight Parts of Speech
 Noun is derived from the Latin
word “nomen” which means
“name”.
It is a word that names a
person, a thing, a place, an
action, a concept, a quality, and
an emotion.
 Word that names
 A Person

 Doctor  Roger Barral  Soldier

 Word that names
 A Place

 Movie House

 Manila  House
 Word that names
 A Thing

 flowers  books  jewelry

 Word that names
 An Action

 dancing  reading  playing

 Word that names
 A Quality

 courage  intelligence  loyalty

 Word that names
 An Emotion

 love  joy  sadness

Proper Nouns Mass Nouns
Common Nouns Collective Nouns

Abstract Nouns Compound Nouns

Concrete Nouns Possessive Nouns

Count Nouns Special Nouns

 These nouns refer to specific or particular
persons, places or things. They begin with capital
letters.
 Examples:

 Pope John Paul  The Predator (movie)

 These are names of persons, things, and
places in general.
 Examples:

 actress  school  candy

 Names of ideas, feelings, qualities, emotions, etc. are
abstract nouns. They refer to matters that don’t exist in the
physical world, but are known through the effects they
create.
 Examples:

 love  intelligence  joy

 These are nouns that appeal to one’s senses; they
refer to objects that exist in the physical world.
 Examples:

 dogs  balloons  buildings

 Words that refer to things that can be counted;
they can be made plural by the addition of s to their
end parts.
 Examples:

 boy - boys  lady - ladies

  Singular Count Nouns

use (a) before a word beginning

with a consonant sound.
 Examples:

 a bone  a spoon  a fork

Note: “uniform” begins with a vowel but has consonant
sound of “y” as in “you”.
  Singular Count Nouns

use (an) before a word

beginning with a vowel sound.
 Examples:
 an egg  an octopus  an emerald
Note: “hour” begins with a consonant, but the letter “h” is
silent.
 These refer to things which cannot be counted.
These nouns do not have plural equivalents. They can
be qualified, nevertheless, by the use of counters or
units of measures which can be pluralized such as: a
lot of, a kilo of, a slice of, a gallon of etc.
 Examples:
 a piece of paper – pieces of paper
 a pack of cigarette – packs of cigarettes

 a tablet of medicine – tablets of medicines

 Fluids – oil, water, ink, soup, etc.
 Gases – hydrogen, oxygen, air, etc.
 Ideas / Emotions – courage, happiness,
love
 Material Phenomena – heat, electricity,
etc.
 Tiny particles – dirt, dust, flour, etc.
 Field of Knowledge – economics,
physics
 These are words that name a
group or a collection of persons,
places and things. There are two
categories of collective nouns.
  Category of Collective
Nouns
one category refers to groups of people or
animals. It can take definite and indefinite
articles, depending on their context.
 Examples:

 a group of stars - constellation  a group of ants - colony

  Category of Collective
Nouns
one category refers to social or
political categories. It can only take
definite articles.
 Examples:
 the government  the opposition
 the media  the community
 If the nouns are made up of two or
more words, they are called compound
nouns.
 Examples:

 basketball  Executive Manager  Branch Manager

 These are nouns that use an apostrophe
to show that a thing belongs to somebody
or something.
 Examples:
 Gina's Wallet  Boy’s bag
 Woman’s idea
 These are nouns that follow a unique way
of pluralization.
The three kinds are the following:
Nouns that are always plural in form but singular in meaning.

Nouns that are always plural because they come in pairs and
can be made singular anyway, by the use of pair of:

Nouns that have the same singular and plural forms

 Nouns that are always plural in form
but singular in meaning.
 Examples:

 mumps  measles
 Nouns that are always plural because they
come in pairs and can be made singular
anyway, by the use of pair of:
 Examples:

 Scissors – a pair of scissor  Pajamas – a pair of pajama

 Nouns that have the same singular
and plural forms
SINGULAR PLURAL
Sheep Sheep
Swine Swine
 Add s or es to a word to make it
plural
Add s Add es
computer - computers glass - glasses
truck - trucks box - boxes
guava - guavas grass - grasses
 Add s or es to the principal word of
compound nouns.
 Examples:

daughter-in-law - daughters-in-law

Editor-in-chief - Editors-in-chief
 Add es to singular nouns that end in s,
sh, ch, x, z
 Examples:

bush - bushes
bus - buses
fox - foxes
 Add es to singular noun that ends in o
preceding a consonant.

echo - echoes

tornado - tornadoes

tomato - tomatoes
 Change y to i and add es to singular noun
that ends in y preceding consonant

library - libraries
baby - babies
family - families
 Change those ending in f to v and
add es, or fe to ves
 Examples:
loaf - loaves
knife - knives
wife - wives
 The gender form of a noun is classified into masculine
and feminine. The feminity is formed by adding the suffixes:
-ess, -ienne or –ix to the masculinity of noun.

Masculine Feminine

Actor Actress
Aviator Aviatrix
Comedian Comedienne
There are two other genders:
The common noun and the neuter gender.
The former applies to both masculine and feminine nouns,
while the latter, to inanimate objects.

Common Neuter
student stone
teacher pencil
physician cellular phone