Anechoic chamber

Types of anechoic chamber

1.Rectangular
2.Tapered
3.Compact range
Chamber size
Electromagnetic spectrum
Microwave
Range :
wavelength – 1mm to 1m
frequency – 0.3 Ghz to 300 Ghz

Microwave
–
waveguide
There are five types of microwave waveguide :
1. Rectangular
2.Circular
3.Elliptical
4.Square
5.Reentrant
Radar
Identifies range, altitude, direction and speed of both
moving and fixed objects by using EM waves.
Has a transmitter for emitting microwaves or radio waves.
Has a receiver for receiving the reflected wave from the
target.
Can also be used in meteorological detection of
precipitation, measuring ocean surface waves, air traffic
control, by the military etc.
Radar Cross Section (RCS)

It is the measure of target’s ability to reflect radar signal in

the direction of the radar receiver

F= Projected Cross Section x Reflectivity x Directivity

F = Target’s RCS
Reflectivity = the percent of intercepted power re-radiated

by the target
Directivity = ratio of power scattered back in radar’s
direction to the power scattered isotropically
RCS of various standard objects:
RCS reduction

It can increase an aircraft’s survivability

Done by the following methods -:
1. Shaping ,
2. Radar absorbing materials ,
3. Passive cancellation ,
4. Active cancellation .
Network Analyzer
measures the electrical performance of the components
and circuits used in more complex systems.

Types of Network Analyzer

1.Scalar Network Analyzer (SNA)
- measures only magnitude of the signal
2.Vector Network Analyzer (VNA)
- measures magnitude as well as phase of the signal
- uses heterodyne principle
- measures scattering parameters (s-parameters)
 RCS of
- Sphere with diameter 25.25cm
- Cylinder with diameter 2.4cm and height 10cm
- Plate with dimension 20.3cm x 20.3cm
Observation of RCS of Coated Plate