_ J"&"I' •. ' '''~·JI';iIiIIi., .. 4J.JnflII.J. , .. 1' .. ..ua.

.... ,..·II6"'IH'"·'·I'7 ,_' ,ilL..,

T-'h:~e"~,.:. Salah 0' if ... a, a·'···.'

a, . '._. '." ••... I .: .. ,' .'" ," . ,_, - _.

'B - .

. ·eleVr

In the

Quran & Sunnah

y

Publish. d by

11 ~ Ka ~ot "'~a'r Prl ' Uetll:.imu

. inri' 'uted 'b)'

" The Islamle

\; - . S~ajfhd) Institute

AD ,~1gh'f:s rctttn'M: Nfl lmr$ .of .fhi."i I.NHAI.f iffl:I;};' be (I"d'J,Siut~ri; i"1?:J)'l·V:iJl·['Ic~l •

• ~un'.iJ.d i;~ ~' rlt'l',>/er(J'1 . y.'ll·m or U"tfll .. fmJ'U,rtd' ilJ ,m~'Y lOin.' or l'.~ ,nJ~y means; 'lecnt;Nl.i~,·" mccltw~if''e~t~ .I'lwJo'C~~/J}inlt. recOirlit;g cu· qJ11r~tW'i.~1l?~ wi~J~ow;' #J(~ wh'N;e:tl p€'~'~H issio« oJ#le oW'~~f[)r"

.Part O~{lut: A Brielf 'D,~~cri'ltion ,o;r sa'.la,lf .,.,~"' "" ".~~ 'i:5

Pa""f,J n~~! The D1.e~bodl of ~~a'lQ.'1. :Wlll dleUd,~,;"""."",~"" .. """,,~~~,,, 23

P, - .~j n .-. . M' ".'0 II[~~'. - __ - r- u '1:' . - . - .•. 1/iJ. " -,f· :" '7"~

tlrli .' ,,·"'"e-6 . .... li(!(!iI ~~.ll1IleOliJlS, J! S;S;Uie:-8· ~~. -~a~(j,j·~ .,"" ",~,."., •••••• m •• ~,""." •• _ .l!

Cl~apt~'r 1 ," $ifuJefltlJ; oif' U~Je .~.,etl"al,des'cri:p'th)r.1ll ,of stda·I,.

~~l:!.blisbGd Uly-

ral' Kfl'u.;t,~~~,~' fuliH(.;ll~imu

Cltl$p.t:rt.1" ,2' h~· di'stmnee of [~:hl@' fleet ~u ~am"f ,," ,8· n

Cll,€fp.t,el~,11 The pos:i~;~oin llf ·t~JJe' hands lin sai~'" n 1 ·'·' •• " -, "." 83

Ii hadeetlt on plaei ~ljJg the h ~n~'~, below the na vel .... "",." .. 83

Tlli" f th r. .~ .~- ffi 11 s 7

' - pi .. '1.tr~l.r"l·W' 'E,"if .. Ie "ir1lli rif r':-r~ ~riI f'i. 1;['" 10." r ' -. iI!~1 _ _ _ _. ,", .

. 'If _ '!;...I _ ' __ .V'!,ll .• ,.. .u . ..!IL!I.'.~ - I,"ji,_"" •••••••.• ,,"' - ,

A}~'adeeth Q F pblciing 'band s upon 'dl,e che (. .., .. , ~ ,.:89

CIJI{l:plt~;"· -4 '- --,IITu:~ recitan,ou If L';""m1f ,(J;I.E,(I,'f:ikQ:l~ •...... , ,99'

G - .... l --.;;::""..; 'i''''I~ ~""'i'fII ] CllJ"'~

e·n'ef~.1. J!\J.;_:"] ~;iJ ~'~";J'I ~I. • ••••••• eeru ... u •••••••••• ~", ... ;, ••••••••• ~ .•••• - - - ••• ,.~ .•••. ,. , . '~. ~

Reci ta _won .0 r Surah al , " a[ i.bah and ]nore .... , ..... "" '''" .... i 00 R.ecit~l!lion 'bebi nd the Imam whi lst he is also readi ng

Ui,:,;.:rjbm:e.cll by (t~ ~'h~ .bl~~n~_

,,~ Shronah Wlrm~hlUJ~

P.O. BOlX 6-008

'Bjj:nl insll~f!!1

:B'10 OiU\Y

Un i ted KimJgdOl~l.,

~-1.1 Fax:: OIll] ·113·.s11'~~.

C011~~llOnd~ltCe '~O fb~ ~,~n IffiloJt (it ~llJibl isihe,l:s iiillay'oo r;;enlt 1·~i·[c.H)18b !11~' ,fitlilm:ic SllflElLah rn tltUI~,e.

Redth:rug: ~ehilD.d ~n Imam run ~~ilelfb~' said}'I 1.03-

Cli¥.t'er 5 - '1!J.~e,e,n ' •..• ', ,"""" ,., .. '; ; , .,;." e a e a a. ,., .• ! OS

A l~atl(uuh of ~!:f_~ . .y,i ng .4Ul,een s,i ten Uy .. ! •••• ". "~."'." ] 05

Ahadeelh. of raisi (rug; the voice with ,A~U!Cl'l ..•..•. , •.•.•. , ~,.1 .~ 2,

CiJ'~ --,~ -,- .tt: g, -'·'o!!io1J·'~l· n;j:J ,,:11, II:i; t.';li1ill---ild~ -Ii "i tlI,

fll:C'I,:pf!,er Q . "~",.;:I" t::I' !IcIllIM ... .1.111..,. Ju .. "'·"." .••••• , •. ',ri, i ••••••• s s ,.~ .••••• , .•••• ,.~ .. ,... :7'

I:U~,~d6't?!ilJ. of eot raisi Il@. the hands except :i n '[he

b .. ': -" - . i 10

. eg l []][lITll I1II,g I!' ~ iii i! i! Ii!! '! ,!,~'Ilo!l Ii Iillil •• ~ ... [lllIIl ••••••• 1Ii II [Ill 1IIIilln •• 111! •• 1Ii ~ II [I ~'m'iI'. Il r. i •• ~., 1i-lr[r'-'~ iil!".... , 0 'iIIf"4

A nswers ~o ~he ,dututee{/I of l',efisi ng ~]tehan.ds" ~,,,.,,.,,, 1.2'9 A h(u:i~erJJ' on raising the b~nd:s 'when f,tl Uing dOlioxlm :Fo~t

!-~'u;iud.,; ,.,., ....•. ;. "~,, ,; ,m •••••••• ,. ria;'; ,;. " •••••••••••• '"' •.•••••••• ,., '1 '1"'" a e a •••.•. ~, j, ]1

A ir:ade,ttt1j' Oilil I1Ij,$ inglhe bands between the two

'sajdtd'J5 .. ,~., , .. " ,i, , ••••••• _,.; ,." ",," •••• ~" , + •. 133

Ah~,deeth on r~~sjl'n g ~le hands at t'ne begtnnln~ or

e:v,ery ""if,) (11(." •••• ~~ •. ". _."" a, , ,"" •••••••••• , •• , , " ,. 135

AJ1adeetl,~' on r,a~sh1g tile hands \M~d']j eyer}' takbeer in

sa ~'cl h . ' '"., .. , , .. ' ' " " ,.,.' , !, , " ••••• '.'" '" , • , ••• ". '. •• ~,:3 ,B;

C"ap~el" 7 N Oil f~stelJji Illig lll1e 'bauds after r«kjB ; .... ,,, .. ,... ~ 45, Chlf,~e,. 8 PI;Qd'ng, tile k__:_~~~sl beiofl, tbe :handls in st;jll'(l.

.An [!!r.aJh~~ be t{) A~~~ll, and: m~~~ ~Vocs and :sa.[uliiltloH desci!lIllm upon His Messenger.

IC' .t',.,. ,';;lil, • 0 'T .. Iii" ,,.;'I ,:.,-. ":.ht" ,_~rII' -.' .a ,; ·)I·dl t' oj. :!i~,

. ,rl,ap\!l,ii!' y. 0 $dlDu. ~lP S !~UI; _' _ ,ah)~l ~ltrltu; ,,,n no _ ,to, ,SWILl

Stljtltlh. , ... ,' .' ... ".,'" 'I ,,,,,,"" .'. ~ .... ".'" ,,,',.'., •• '.'" .. "." ••• , .,'" ••• i ".' .. ,;" ••• , ,;,',,' ~ is, 'I

De;~1I' and respec ted M aulana Rjl~~d:~ ~~ Haq (May ,AJltJ!l~ ]Jf'OmCl him) has! 'fulfine~ one; of ~]le ,g~alle.s~: needs o.f oPy time by Clonnpi~ i,lI:1.g lililIli:~ work, 'The Salah of ,iI, B ellever !ilil the IQ~ .. n~,31~ ,~nd. SljjlJn:Hl~b ~ "

!o "'I!" . ., 3! 3! Ei'3i -II-¥+!.!o ~ ~ 1i ~ ~ +Ii"r, •• i i !II'.HU~I<ii 1'l1'l •• !11 !IIlilllllll' ••••• !IIHllIlll'l ••••• [11111 •••••• 1.lln ••••• '" '" 11111'111 ••••• "'HllrnI!' .. !'.! ~ ,':I"~ , ,57

Ch.u';rI<t~, , 1 i1 C·iff!;:' .... hl - I"'" il'" • e """,~. :P. ~ nl 6" .:' , '~~1II"'- §;" V .. J~III!;... J0.l1 u!IDiI:!l!:" S 11I~'1II:S In. BUr/ad ,. ,".,." .• ' .,~"""., ,.,.,' 1IJ .. ~

t"I~(fI"e.'r II 'ras.'I~ah}fil"J ... '".,0' •••••• ,;" •••••• ,."" •••••••• "".,., •.•••••• ,"' ••••• "'''''!' [67 C~(J,'1(l" 13 'Thl~ mmJ.\IUl1l'~nt lof tbe fing,e':I.' :i:n ,t(lsliahJJud

'1'lJl.. .." ;-~~. ~~I "f ~,.... !.' d"~, l\, • It.. I' 7~ ()

_ ,!L!e Vlern::ulC,S 0 MII.le,nUl ' 1,~aIl'U u,,, .•..• ""'''''" ..•.. ,, ''',.,., ..•.. ,.,,'' ••.••.. ~ IL ('Ij

_ 0'( ,a long dme !lOW J'rMIHtlY schemes Mtd p~o't~ h~.v;e. b~n devised wn nemereas '\v,a,~'s to distaaee our youth fr{Dm. ]sJaVID.! 'W:~en these eonspi fling elemsuts 1"e'2 .. i ise '~I:t~tj doop~ te ,aU rhe means adlo'pledt ~hei;r S'CJmmes have raUoo re w~a1~n ~'he :reJiGffio~$, bel iefs of m~e ~1Jllg:\!)~rs1i 3l11d. when, t:hey alS'OI observe th;a( these yl~ung, .Muslin~s remain ipu nctu(J!l in olflleri ng their pr~,ye:[s as wen ,nHS fl1HULing the. other p~blclpa~, diU ies of lslarn, they I~m~ try' ~o j JlSI~'1 i n ~he mi nds lof the YOl]ng, t~~d lheb (fWI~ r:f~~oog sa'~'/~ and ~hat ,~)f' their ancestors for centuries has at ways moa·j ned rumcot.liOC1.

Tfue 'rai~Jng ,of the fi 1ge1'" ;""",,, ...• "'h , "., •••••• , "" ••• "". l,S1

C'"rapf,€t' I ~J '.1iRe'[\e~~\~ in ,stl(aIJ: be'tw,e· 1 lj'iiillel1 itl~lld

w,o\m~1iI ..... '! '!" •••••• ' •• '!' •••••• " ,,,., •••••• ,,"., ••••••• n •••••• , .... ,., ••••• ". ~,.", •• , , •• "., •• "" •• '+ I. 85

VeJditl:s and praeti re of the SaJraba.h. ." , ,.'" " " """ l89'

Veroh~l'8 of the lab.i ~un ,Jnd atbel' UlCtWU1. " .••• OJ ••••• , ." u [90 Llsi~ of diffe[re;nc~ be.t\VCeI1 ~be pr~~yer of a 111m1 ~Ind. a

woman .. ' a a a a ,.,~." •••• ,;. ,.'" ••••• " .... , •••••• ',',., ••••• ,." ••••••••• "".,., •••••• ,."" ••••• "~,, .~ 93

This boot serves as I!J r,l3:I-aedy fer such dio~'bt'S 'Cireated by Ut~: ~f:I;en:des of Is]~m~ pdm:u"n y because h m~mdons the c:onec't Ill't-ethl'nd O'f per.[trmHng :m~:r1h in seeordance IlO 'ft.e S unnah, The~:ean.eJ]l'1 i:f there is a ;l,eed ~;Cb]" evidence 00 support the c.]3]m luf tMs autll.enti.c manner of s~/al~!, Irhat is also calc:!r'ed 'for. coavincl Agl,:y,,, As for [hos~ Wlmt,O

.BiiO'fl"r:ap'i'lies s s e ."'" •• , -" 'I ,',', •••••. ~ .. ,., ••••• " '1"""' •• ""0"".',,, """., •••••• rnur u •••• ,,,;'''' ~ 95 G,~()I!£f,a', .. '! !!.' •••••• ,. ,!'"." •• , '! ~, ••• , •• ~ .... "''' •• "~"",,, ~.".''''''.'' ,1,,''','., ••• ,",,; " ••• ,;',I,~ 2015

Bm~'·~ k .

I ~'··I r ~ '1'1. . I '

, I ~,~(Jgr"CIJJ 1)1 .. '.,", " , .. , "'~"''' ,,, ,." ...•.. ,." '!" , •••• , •• , .••••• , ,!,~ .•. 211 ,I

Rt{J/e"e:nce Note'S ~, , , " , .',', .. ' ,., " ,;,.,., , ri.", 1119'

I Hadht':llJl Mflul:an~ YUJ5'L'Ji£ ~i.'b is 0 ne ,m- ~he f~mnmSl dfi~ilp~.M ,~d Idm~'1~! of l~iL~ bile. Shrui" lI!~, [·~·~MI1, 'H~~m M~1)I' ~ili.i Mnh3[~~, Z9karir,Vml M}iJfmrtrUahi ~Iai~" He; i~l 'Eh~ £o:Ul'llml7 ~rI.:d ~!l'On of n~m(;m~;S :~li~~~_s c~~~'li~h~m~~E,i Ithoou®'hDUJ!, ~h~ wm1~~ im::l I!IJdlJilig ID.a:1M1 lJ ~OQilll;l 3] A.m'lDiyy,~n~ :a~1 , SlIOl!m~y.y.ah!, [:.to!oonllhi;:; But:Y~ UK,! 'i;v'h'ere ~l r..msI1!!IJ,t ~ 'ilS 81S(l1 ~1f:. ,senior lcJl'iJltel' 'o.f h{ltk'eJ~~.. His &tUde~~:g, who IjLll!IIibc~ mam;ll,. a~ ~ad ,~ooss dl! .Sl;Q~ ~p~~d in ~ se:Nj:c~ 'o{ I"" ifb '",aL)'b~g (a:pac~l~es. ~ :lIiii 41~o hiORQUn=d ro h~'f~ been ~~t~t"~d 'hJ ,him.tl. M~lf A~ila~~ ~wru1i1 .hbm! l~Fi!~h~1il hi~s; ~'b~cl'l¥"i'ilID_ ~j$ af~1t1 €nahfe us ('01 be:lit~fji:l: rwom, ~is (lumpfiflY. Arjtee.~, - .l\llnbw.

5,

[ have _gR~;att hope that, j I .~, as A.I~ah the 'Moo[' ·Hi,g.li~ has gnl.'t.'ed ~':[()tl~:mla, 'Riy!:ndJI~ ul 'aq's ~ .. peeehes, ~ootl1re and ~cQltHngs, wiU ,~u:':C>e{~[~noe, iU$.fJ.(l Ii Ua:n hi. w ri r~ ngs. \~tHl alse be ~;~lml(j!JJ:I}etl wi.l.h .:~mHaJ: :eoogn:i~iOD aIDd approval.. ~1~A.,~d' tills: ls Ic',OJ (l~' all ,diffittdtJor Al!(th. "'"

M3JY AI ~.mh the . hnighty s~H)wer pray,e rs .and blessings up on Ute: b~$t of. ~l'is. ¢["C3!~ ion" (r~ r rna ,''le.r ~liI;d leader M~.qJ]al m.ad ~nd ~~lJO:mJ] II ~mls fa i ~ II:; [ mJ ",;mpHf,uon ,

AU prai c be 'r: -J1ah, the Lord of ~J W Vi rids. and miyi'thn,~t'~ons 1)11l1 yel' peace and. blessl ngs descer~d l~~ml I-HSi beloved, the. best of c ea ion -lIfOpliH~'- -, U~tfUI Ul:ad.

(:t-Jadhra . Moul, mIl "m;uf (sahib), :D~J"~I,~ '~o>o,m~ HolrOOltmbe~ fBtI y.

A i\lIus~ i lflTI. is dU1my bound ro obey AUillh ~md h' s M~SSef1~~T in al I

maners of life, mnging frolliL'lIl pcrsoaal [mr~lt~l and praye[ IrQ ~t~e politLcal. ~nclconomjc ;9 I fai rs air the :'iittHe. TID:c' ]aws, of lsl am re,g!lJJffiame hi WQ[' . hip~ ebaractee del.:! i ngs, i ndi vl~du £d aad ~: OC~I I b~lfl. vto r, aad Ib "IS speech and deeds, in both private and :111 ·pqjful:k.

To be informed .of his obl,ilg~:t,i'(][ll"1 and to ~U3k:C l~,im;se~f' ,awmCie. Qf Islam's eommandments a believe mu·~: 'UJln1, DO both the QUrtiWlJ and lfue S:WJ ~';r:ah of the Prophc[ 2r. Fe:u- the ptirpooc-s of his un derstand i.fIlg both

o Ul'I'O ' s re '~n't-e.rd pend l:: nt a fI I iil' H~~p' usal J , The Q lilt.' IiIJ i ~' ~l~e wcr .,' ,of AU~h., and t~~e Messen,ge.r' s S~m}1"(!'" _ .. ' serves as ~rs ,exposl~ ion ,~nld practical applicauon, The origins of. 'both '~ie i n revelation and ~dU~ou:gh, cae i ~scdbed U) A.lIai1fi1 and the ether 10 '1'110 PJ10 -,het '. 'both stem foom the same dlv~ ne. source, A I ~~h ~ ay.:s or his Me· ··c~rI8e. n' $I,. '"No" does he s!}J.3:k of (ilws, (nYn. desiire·. U i:_' D~U ~n~ but a, ]"(f'fe a:~i'on tha.'t ;~ rlC:Vre~Jed" ,J

:Ev~n with I~h. Q~J nUlL hemimimg present" a ~ _ on' s faith ~od, his lmdersl~ndli~l~ g of h will both JI'e~fllIJa.-i fill incomplete 'it', i1hij}~'l reconrse to tIl S,~Ull~oh', 'The Pron b!~l _, was the: perfect embodir ~.enl of [he Qura~'~ te~l~M.!1.g. .ila.im d h i S e;.,,(aJnlp.l~ \l as ~ he :S.~pre}ne s:ta;md~fd set by AHa for 8!U 10 foll.'IiHv. ~o obey his Lord and please H~ in; h. is

J al N;'.j~n ':4.

'1

8

detached opinions of a fe!'iilV 1 nd hridu~ds, ,as some eentinne to allege, but 0]111 the ~e:i_lClitin8:; and praetlees of dte S'ah\iJ."/Jah "'~,~en ultl ~:!iliateTiy from It'le P:rop~ett~. himself.

ii~i)Jp~radve th~t. t1illi~ believer adopts th,(:'; 'f!WI';":l.jf 'off the P:mphet, ~ and abides, by' it AUah S~ys-, ~:W1h~'r,e[' ,~b~ys '~hle Me.~OOtl,g,er~ 11e 'bal

;'n'd, - ""''''~ I~L.,..'t~.~ A, ~ I'ii'ioh' "

I 1111. ~~g ~.~IlJ!~~1 ~U J II [u_ llJ

Af~l;;';r the Pmphet ~ left t~liis wo,rlclj 'many 'of hi~ 'C;liDmpFUi'itions el~iSMlwd from Mt1Jt:Unlh. eitll~ !by conscrl1~fon ]'n! l,U'i [iiar,. exped iHorn; or by :simpi.y l,ak.i]iJJ,g up lr(s~d~Lce In other cities. I;),f.i,viJeged with the Jegacy of the 'PrOl)he!t'~ ~ ~Ijj 8'pidot!is COHrJipru1IJ i!ii!rJJd t1!illit:r.n~J:ng~ ,a ~d. h_cld in lo'!.lic ,9.nd r,ev~eltC;"e bry file ~nJ'i:i.bitMt~, 'G'f Ui1I;e,se, ci('ies~ '~he;y "~ui~c.kJ:y beeame rengio~s ~lJithor~~~es '[asked with. lhe ,~s:pon:dbnh~,efi, of' hll!1.n1UJ~dm~l~ g,lJ,1ida!lf~,eel a~i~, co.i]~slIJdtatillun" 'lbe:y dw~c'hl::u,ged l~~ etr 'QJl!Il) I~:O nue best of 'heir ,abHity,! i:lIl1p~r!'i 111 the iknowmtdge "~11ey ~t3d 'llLcqui:red Ind f~k~fu'll y conveY~rniIi8, the [fCncSll!Jt~ o:f propile;tl:lrooo tn ~hd [" [Ju[pi:rns Intoltg~a rhe Ta~l '1m:, who in Ilorn pas.'SJed ]~ em eo IJleili" di~ei,p'les am.ongsl ~be T"'aib' Tabtee». It was, these '\I'C,Jjj~ [eaiChill~ ~.Itait 'wem:e ,c~Uected, by $~'hohllll'S, sucb as Im8Jll Abu HJu:i/alh ~n~ ~ ,gibe r fuqaJ~'(l ~nd del,re:lope(~ ilt~G a vas,'[ and comp~ex, yet coherel;l~ s.ysten of ,/ilJh ,gover:~li:[[1.g e\:l'ezy aspect ,of ~1U3li In Ut;e. n' was, fO~:U:ldedl~, n,Ol (In, Ithe

Thes-e schools If)ffiqh. wln:k:ll \were 'fUdher developed! refined and cOlnSiC!]jd~ue)d by the lesmed foUjJ~n of [be lm@tr1S and adO'p~-ed and emdo\rs-ed by '~b~QWal~lf a] I the :Ml'.I~lhns 'throtlghollU [[ile; oo~~{m'~ie-Sl' ~ I),W ~,lnt";i'Vl~d. un thi~ "day ,and are ~Lill.adllemd W' 'by th~ ,cl~mt :maj.orit,)1 of the u,~,mQh".. S\~d'~¥~ of late, ~Iltey have come under muaek from some who p:~~11 to :r"Ollo~\:\~ the IQti~~lil: &. .s#lJJ,~.a'h clkec't!y., and. who C~ nously dismiss the ,Jt~'(lhali'ib as beh~g '[he 'o;pimti.,ofls o.r a 'few il~l)div.idlllIDa]8~1 ,aULd d~l"A.(D!IJlJnc~ ,their adopsion as 'b]-i ru.d foUO'wi.ug'~. Thi~, ,enle[_gi,ng trend ,li!l[1tILIO~g.st: d.f[e Muslims. IOf :~n v,]I~'i]]g all and SIU!:t1Ldry to ~bal;1d![!Ul I~he ~~;la'dlwlijb; ~nd 1 ab dir-ect recourse 'W 'the, ,or.lgiu~~ SO'UI[~-es o~ tbe $i~:!t,,",dij is b[llt a ;I\;,'impHstic s]og~~,~ w~mliIch in one call ~!'!!d~llll,'!tOUrs 1'0 dispose e[uirdy of. a comp~~~ :system1L of /iqJ~' th~t bas eadured [J'he lri,als of tiiVlni2:!, 'and trun: h~1S boon so ~~arefijlly cl]']~iv,i'~ed by a briU~~n'l ~$j~lTli,o sclft(),]~~'sh i p ,over man.y centuries, CJahms 'by sueh ~~ldiv~dluru~ls of to~l~r of be]in,~ ~b:le '1;0 dt'~JV juS/pi I"Slitla!l di.riro~ ~"j' 'from the QUl.'an and Slfm~rJJ~' and 0$ exb"dO'I:in;g guidelines SJlIld, rules WitliL():~t: the academic :fIlUl.~~Uad,on of learned ,fiMl~~rn,or:i~ile.s '.fife· ~u:p~dicli'I., and who]]y wit~]jDlMt fb!lJ..lI\~~th}.n 'Oi.r. s:u b$t~l!Iloo.

The S(;j,h,(,j'ba1;r ,~ 'who w,e:r-e ehosen by An,~_~, to be ~l~S, If?ro,p:~@.il:~~ c:omp,~lliIil,h1},'ETh!i: ~ best iLllnde:rs!L,o-d UlWS (lOr gallon, and :fl18,1 fil lle~ :ut IruOI f~he ut most, J~I drneir ,~~ ~O' rouo~ the proplle~ le example, 'they ,cl(as¢'~)I' oll11s~~\!'Ierl ~11~,d ~ij,!arI~d even tb ml fIlut'~5.II: d~lIi:ils of his, ~ct]~rn$ and behaviour, They l)ehe:~~, his manner of ,a,'~luti,(Dim i:]fI~ washed aLcco:r<ii,ngly. His blstnmctions were ~PrrlifJ' ~'.!i1' ,yo"!~ 1I~~'e s'ee~,f; iN~~' pl'~yi'~fI~ 1:; und, so the;y stood by dose. in, 'I'he coq~~,~]ljliona] .s,cl&a:/r. ~ultd strove m ,cn'~b 'e,u~ll' d~tai~ of l~ms posture, rmOi\!em,e~D:ts: and reeltatlen, ~J®;d, then moulded :IJu;]ir p.ra,~er '1:0 his. TIle ~a.~ne procedure was, d~.votooly fO~]Qwed wiJtJ1m1 rhe Pr-ophet,'s ~, f~s,~ ,and, S.1lpe;rel'Qg,~'nnI:Y 'plisye[s, ,perno [1:1;1 [ ha'bi'ts, l~no;l i.nat'i,i!f)1ft~ ~ r kM ~~d d.is.Utes" iBich companion based wh3J'I ~~,!i!' could of b]s aetlons ~ml wJmt he ~Ad seen o.m' ,h~rd direct])" from the PIPQp'het.t The res-t he wou ld leam fro['itl his fe]]ow companions \~~mIO' b~d. seen or r0Cie:lved' ~:h~ oo~e.ih!iiig~ ~i: fi'rs! band.

One of ~l,]~, H10:S't cOiispi,c·!J.!I;Ql!]S 'wm1,)Jeme~uMio1}S of lUllS jiqh in the dg ll 'Y H'~e of n MusH'Ill is tbe miiJllileJ' 0'[ pe~,form_wng st~tWlr. I~]$ ~le rtr-Si ~j]1d :gfel'tes}~ o'b]li,gi1,'1j,oo of slam ~fte~,J flairud-gl., snd a 'vWs]ble wg~, of w(1ll'ship thal is rlep~t~d, a ~~,U.be:F of times ,d~.i]y ~ ill] congr~~adl~mm., II e'x'ffm,l~fies ihe ~p;d:~C'fU lo ~l 'Of fitl'i7,. ,aud millli its ~ew' snd short Mov~me:n~_s, epi t~'ln~~a~ the, ooflned ~nd 'OO'l!1js,~ll'id:ated I .eamims ~rnld Illi,fiCHoe of ce[l'tPr1ies. Th ls ~deQ'I,!Dlgienl flltisg]e beJ[ween the nsf majo!'i~ty \~ilin}tDl adhere 'l;ol ~h~ lll'(ldhlfJh ~b' of fiqh' and the disS9UlUIIg Ull110nt~ who seek to discfii'd 'th.em hi: no more ~,1rU1im,;e;llt rfi~a[l 'il" tUiJlllt

,I ""IIf'

n has alw~)':s, I~,een the vie:w ,9 I~d pl'a,ottilCe of al gmal 'p'Cm6on of' the Mu~iUl:ll 11IJt.i'tuah to lle:liolIDlJ .their JJ'tdah :Rocor.ding tQ '~he J~I:~];]lafi ,/iqh. Til]~ 'p'mct],ce o:dsll~ate$. Ilot rr-o~rrn tm~Cf wl~~ 10 :fbUow ~l~~e ~p,ini'o!ls of tndi.viduals" bfklt :f1rom ,an e~\,fnesr and M'l!l~t d~sb~ It) f~lf:n i~b~

t'lil "

JP~}Op~l,1~l~ ";0; f3 command ! P'ra.y .t~S )'~l~ h(:~~ltJ $"ti'e'IJ; ,j'I~' ,flf';(1~'i'~~fJ"' ~16 It :$~emS t110:m ~"he 'be~:lef '~.'h~l: t~~i.:it 11$ UiLe pn~yu~r of the :Pro.p]LC·~ .h]m:s~l·~ es observed, JU'~e1Voo and eon \~e}fed by a great number of Sa.t.?iaf](Jlr ,,&~ ,~nd coW]ecl,ed am.(] ~dopted by the r,~b,fjul~ and Tab: Ta,fJiet! inc~ijdh~g Imam AbUl I-;laldf~b mnd! his ~~JI.O'~~· ~Ja'~'(I.

Undlef the PJi'el~~t of ~ s iiu"~pHs;tic retum to; the Q llJfan <!md SU~mlj,j~ ilm:JI! a~ part of 'Ih~ wider cen~lI,I~ IOtfi'qh eliscussed ~~.t]'ier~, this method of ~fala}J' 11 as Ibo, been :iu'bj~ tired to a. sustained ~nd .t:1tmoen:ecl anaek off' uf~$('holrurly crjdci~m :find 01; 1~~1 nci:a[io]Th •. ~md at I~.i mes even ridj,ctA.[,e end scorn, 'T~II~~ hins, c~\~ted g[i~lJt 't:o]]r~llJsio:n 8!IIlO has ~hJ'rD'WF~ rnaJny people i,nUiI an undeserved Sl~le of ,~uih. ~.eadlilfig th~ ~[ll tih'ink ~h~~ ~i1tc·b~ m~[tI,oo of Ja'lalJ.' has laO bas is in IIle Shartall~ OJriid. th~U' '~hcif d~i~~ pt~'lJyen <i'l!l"€ .Iltothm:lilg b:DJI a S,.er1M of motions Utat contradict II.he Sfln"ra·n., ot· the P~Ol~'iID~[ ~:;

Th is book d~stribes the p:rot"t':dll me o€ $,(.!la~~: fWllIDJ the begilnning 1'0' the e~~;d ao~ol~ding I!!U! [be' .flqh of Imam Ab~! Hal}~ufu~].; his; mujlfoll',rd cOJnl~!iili)ns ~Ild :~hei I' oou~u~ ess f1:1~]~~rs, R~~th(':r; I~ilfl n S.I mp]ly USI. the j uristic p(I:TImll1~~:ee'I!'J'j;etgUS ,of the Imams, it det~U~ every l~]'u:ve(lJmeD11[ and jU-o~ulre ·o~f Stll"/J and ~ub~ tiIDiuiaie$ them IW:r(~M I~'he: ah-tute(l~J~ (~'f rhe 'P'to.p~~el m·! I[he mlJrf~doI.lS· of' ~lli~~ SCJh(;lbaJ,· .$. ~ir['d. T~'b£'(lm ~t1Jld~ where relevaat, from, the YICfSC8 of :1 he Quren, It thus OOJUOI1l8l~-ate~ thar the J~~,e~~~oo of $(_~.':{ih In tbe Hmull;f'iI firth .is. not o1!~li:y ln total ,~,gwoo'mem: l\i-i~lil !~te Quran and S!~m1:rJJi b'Ll'[ i s, ~~Il fact, derived exelusi \f,ely from ih_-~m. as l~til,del.':uoDd, IEwa:cUsed an'] u~u\glu b~l the S(lh,~bc,/r ~ and the !,ejiu'lle,d. Mij'sl i Ins, of I~ be cflJrly gener,atk~~1S.

"filii.e iboo~ :i~. di,v~'ed in~o It;t.U,~ pants,. p~~.~ O~lC; ,oomltains it v.ery brief ,[md s:i mpl:e de-~Jj,pt ion of ~'(l,~'ah rrol~l :l.he beginning '[© tlt~ end, In til is section ]U;U evidences are :mcluioned nor ~ny discussion oo~e:[e~J~ UUOI regardin.g :~u~Y' astJ'OC! of salah,

The· fiB(;Ond p:a~rt oW the: book serve~ as. a com~e;J:i1tat'.Y ~.o P'(]lt ORe.

Her,~; e~tn sente:nl ~e rro~l the fil'Nl pfLrE IUi_8, l)e;~n repeClted ~s ~ he~(H~mJS

II.

lQg,e~her ·wi·tn SIWilPIlOT~"'i1g verses 'of 'tbe Q;UIJ,3Ii1 {:~:f ,i,~ppllci',b~"~t,, {"har;itHt,~JJ Qr (be PI:'O.i)1~et ,8 !]f]d, 'vercnots Ind ~n,cU·ce '()I.f· ~he St/J'hoiwJ.r ~,. and T(J&1~ t,u',f. Some of [be names of the SanabtIJJ'~ T:CII.#'·Uf~.~ Tab" T~'bie,en I' aQd 'the .mu)'l.a,~,rid I:mnms o! flqh who weg'Je,. k[lo,w~, to have ,adopt~(l [the ~~m~ v:lo,\\J and pr,ocEice. hb\le Old:!io beeJ~ U:ne(l. In til ls :;;:eet~CJi[ij only SUp"~oIi(:i ng na[(,aJ~i~rnls ·QI'C :m e;n.f[o ned" The op:posi ng. ,at1gllllll1l1t~]Q ~s- of those 1iIl~I+I~' ~~,oldJ ,an a~ tema1ilvc v:i,e;\v nOI the Ne~11~dl ,O,f perf'Onnins ,:lIO.Y ~a1].cu tar ae'tioJmI of s:alah are not di80Ui\:5~ ..

p~J~!: Three con~'~~ts of ~J Ilmnbe~ 'of Cht1ptern~ ~~oh o~ whiuch exarai nC-S ~I ~jti:1JL1'iculal' issue of ,s':Cilah ill detal II tbaro: has been :m~lde a pOfill1~ of ·('~C}ifll[',@"rfi.~:f.8.y by 'OOIr~:i1lJ:~ 1:1, peup:~e , The evidences of the :~';]a'l1La'fi. fi,ql~' in ead~, 'Oir 'lile'se qucs[ions rn~nv~ boon :~'~ ~ted to,g~thCI· 'wit~~ ~ demi.Led ,analy:s~'s 'Of ([~:e, 'O'ppo~;i~]g argumenrs, A:l ~~remtrupt.lms also been I.ti~~de to recol'l;cUe fUp,pa,re'I1IUy c()n~r,~d i,Cll~ry ahcuJe,ed~ Oil lblfl. same sl-lbj act b~' way ,of glY l.ng [~le.m III Sl1 h~b~e e:.~p] m,tu~lQ~ in ~. (1] f,[e!J~:ITh[ 'CUlII text or ffi]'l'COf[lor.a.ta ng HIDe-ro. inte ~~ iit1l!~iItni ng, of Olh.e:1I' ah,{]ltleeJrh.

The bo~'k il~o ~o(ijh\i.ns a sec ~ion OIIflJ 'bi~ogrnpliJ,i e:~. ~ha~ lD['o\'i.d~ some hrief del:aUs al~ij)UI the .~ i ve~ (~][jd ~~'Otts· of runny, of the, .'S~hobns whose vtur:dicts hr~v\E been qrt\o:~od~ especl !lU.y :hl '1:I\":) liHdon to (he· ~lefo'Irel1c]~~! lm,1~d, c la:islncaHo:hl (Jf iJll.(/;:e·etit, 'There j s also fi. ~J'os~~w.y ~l the ~.ml thaI ~~p],i1!JiI[tS, ~h~ lechf~Uic~] terms used in the boot.

I ha" ve made el'e~.y 'aUmnpt to nt'l rn:w exploit tfu'e! re~OIt]'fQes available to me ;fU~.d l:hliS oo:~'~eQ~ as :tj]'Ht~1y rihi'l'Cle:e;/1 frCHlrl :as ·fir'i.~iThy· dilJe[ie!IJll. SOJjJl~·C es as, possible O'l~ II he' various :tol~!ic~ of .rair;,h d iseussed ~ in paJJ1iooiar lhose It!iii].~. ha ve been made conlit'Over.s.'i.a.l. l~~dhe:r than rely on the 9Jur'ibulrh:lmlr ~M· aJ)'(id~~tl:1 'by (Hhu a~I~.ho~.'s, I' hove pe.:rsom\Uy referred t'o tbe ~~gl,ml~ C:O Uecl:ions to e.11.~·~1.!1~ both ~h~: 00 I'I!'OOI: re§el',eltci.ng ,of the t1had:ee:th ('ullid I~'hth' :suj,tab]'~ i:ty tn be IWlsed in ... ltl1Y ~Mrticu]am- oornex[. 1.'Il~h~ IlaS. b,eeli dl~~Jr! w~[ll 'viJ:'t\llird Iy' everJ~ rete,r.e~]'c~ of hade€#J I n i~he, blOolk. rl~ ~he re\\! e';;'~~I~tit)fl{~l (;a~8 'Whe!re I~,'~l~':; ~~;as lot been (Joss.i'bie .W, b ~rite :llleI!LH~11I.ed. nle :IUUii.e~ of the HU'[iIlofS whose ~~~lCriplWOn. I lUlive de~em~ied 'Q(Ii1 •.

1 :~.

12

~~ ~h01;dd also 'be noted tha~: wherU;:lfelf a hradgell~ ha$, been. ~1!]Q'ted, f~1I0~1] more than one ~O'l;m)e.!, as, b;; 'mo:s:~: on,cmll the 'ca:s,~) the ~~fLJlleS of th(t ~rans:n;lU.l img am hor.S! hat ve been placed :i n order a~ s.s,Uliori'ly .r_u:::cord~Jfltg ~,O [he~r df!jl@~, ~f dle,~tfu, Por example O~~ fO'gllr~~t:e referenee ,~~ds: ~ Abdul Razzaq 2~53i9l Ibn Abi Shaib~b 13/1.8, ~i:11ad 1 GOO; Ibn lvr~jrul 215 ~ Abu :D'~lWOOd. 61 ,&, 618~ ma,e] Tir:mid!hi S,'~ Theseare the names of tb~ a'l,inlho:r.~ w i~h I!]l~ r,~t!e,milCe li;Il,] Mbar of the $fUU0; 'Ul,d:~e.tli! ~I~ U'lei jndi:'!iidual collecr ions, They have been. H sted ,~o OJrrlei of se:ni(lr.~ty as '~]]eir :respecltive d;u&,S, of di6'a~ruru fllfe: Abdul I~~l-zatl (d. :n:l, ,Al-I)~, ,~bf:l Ab~, Shaib~lb, (d. 235 A H}" A~~mS!Jd (d. 24t 1 At I [).! Ibn ~1:jah (d. 213 ,A.H)" Albu D~,woi)d (d" 2'5 AH)~, and Timddh~ (d.. 219 AM.).. This l~~:s 'been dane throughom the boC)$t.

Abij, Yt~~uf R.t,)~aclll, !LII1 H~Q 1B,:Lt"n1lJi,l,sh ~.m1; U ~ ,~,

F.ri,day" 14 ,R~;bi~ Thfllrd'i ~ 419 f '7 Augli!d~ :~ 99:8,

MosUy for the sake .of biiev:i'~.y" as in U10 example gi lIfOO, !iiJbOV~! O\H ~)f the naraes of I~he a;l!]tho~ ef hai.teelll are :~.1I1ewtrunned w~O]p:~]t ~e cCiilnpme.llel details of il1in,i;::;!'r' ·WOftS. Th.'ellJe iis a: 'refeJ:'e'nce' fI,O;~ a!t die; end ,of '~])e book~ ,~h'ich liSJI,s: ~be rcSl~od v¢ 't,,;or" 'cKf :1 he. a,~.rtltor~ '~hat M~ bcin;g 'refen-ed to iJIil, ~mdTIL eases, It shou ld also 00 remembered :~fu~t ~e references gi ven are f~,~ll)m UIIf:; ori'gh'HI,1 ,A.rabic 'W\o:J]'ks,~ whose deta 11$ S1U qh as ¢di1'ion Il~Htlb~j's ,and dares of pub] "CiU~on are g'i'v;e:n in ~Jhe bibU.Q!~ph.y t~t' Ute end of t~ 'book,

Des-piile tbe.se uJ](I(atakl np~, l Inue 110, ,c') al ill'S aibollt I~j,rus WO(f'k ,mud (,;ord"css d~~d, :it is far f:rrJm 'tlnlp,]~t,~ ~1111ld c~u~, be run:tp,roi'j,."cd (IP(l!!)l, g~~~l)' , . . U :~ s a small and h"lmlb~Je ,ef~o(ft' on 111lY pa~~ ,and ] jl!;je any h1;m[~WID endie3JlI''Ou r it will nOI 'be 'v'Oid tOf sbon,oomh~gs and flaws, ]I what I have w.riUen 15 eerreet thlen it ls fOODl A'I hib, a._~d ~o Him bej!()l1;gs 'all p~lli.i:se!, ~~d, :~f h is lneerreet then ~t ;is. fron~, myself and Sh~il~ni ~tldl, Allah and his Pro,pilt[ ,t! are W~llocoot of ~~,.

[ pray aad hope !'h~l this 'W'Ol'k wil I, 'fi;Hnk~h f'ead\ers w~lm~ a 'better lJ]laer.smmdjmg: of' rhe mc;~h.od of' ~Ul(l"h according 10 the :AJajiutfi fiq_/~. ru~d enable tJruem to illllJ'pwc;i3!te that Mu~lim~ who offer their :prnyer'S :i n I~m'i S Maf1[],e'[ h a,we an e~IJ,~~ if' not grearer em,Eit1eDlenl '[han others '00, the clalm of following the 'QOrt1m. and S~'~~ji1.~U'~, (lrtl!d o.f' pe.d)Or.mJIUg Ilbei" £,'{1'lt1l.ij :in C:C'l~rf.OIliftruly \~',i.t'h, ~hm'l olE the. noble :Prophet i!1.

13

P 0-·······

I _ - __ .. - ..... ..- _ _

. '." . I' I., ."' . .... ".

_ . li_r_ .·_·,ne

\¥!hen you, wish LCD begjn yCtlF pt~ye'rj you s~icn:t~d rll~~e I~'he 'i·ll,[·errrth .. 'l[l1 £lJnd n'lIIDSf your hands ~,mi1ld I. they ~J're level w.~ th dl.'~ lobe or your ears. The palms ~llOll.ll~d. be 'f~d1A6 lowil~-d~ the CJibl(11~ ~nd the fi~'g,ers should be slightly' spread 'o.~~'~~ ~n a IHi~tH'1m m~t1Irti!~r! not 100 closed I' U,CI[ too open. Your gaze sJU)11l!ld uot WW](:iCi'." IDJ arnTh:r d~rec~'~oll ·b1J.l~, should 'be focused in !frolU of .YoOt] lo~a youf p~ace of Ifr.aycll'. y.QU shou ld n~en 'SmlJ nhe. cG'nsec:u-aUng tQlkb~4" (l(jkb~eJ'nt al .talrn~,e'}1~Cl.~)~ which IDS

;f~J

(AU~hu .A'tha:r) Aif~'h 1iS ,the G nJQ(;(}Jil

and l)l.adlilfll1J; rour dght IP~ i 111 over rbe back of yo~r Ilef~ 1l1::UiI,d, wrlst ;DJ{'D:d. lowe arm yO~1 $;hIC!l~ lei, PO~":'~:i,OID both halITi!df) below the nave I.

Then quruedy I~ad thana;

~,~ :ail ~J ~it- J~ ~~,I ~(J,lij JJ~J ; ~:b·~, au~

-' ~

(S~bhanak~~'~ I ah umma WI.ru. bihJaJj!tldik~ wa t~~b~l'ak~:m!ilJuk.a

l:V~l ta 1 ~J~ jadlclukra. ·W.~ ~ a ~ ~~I1ht0J gh.a.inlk.)

You a'l"{f. GIOflifle:{1 €).h Allah (mel p,ra·ise<i. IUcss;JlJ Is. you« N,,!lUi (;uul' .EifJMl!(ltf!d is ,VHf MlUfJ'sty, 'TI~'·erf! is ;.'IO' G.oti be:~idei); )iQ~jl"

'" '" '" ." .J' ::

.. "'"_ill ", ·~=-~1S.1 .,.. . ,,,u .,;!!

~ J.I ~~~.;_J,~ ~~ . .ll.~~

~-.- - ~~ ~ ~

(Aow.dhu bi l]ahii m i fll'cSha ltan i r raj~em)

.1 se.ek :refi'lft8e 11.;il/~ A liall ffr()~n Slwfl'an llur oecursed

'J~ ~ "'!II' J"IL ,Ue; '"

~,II~ "~: ~lw ... · .• I~ r"!III~ _ IV- . , ~. "i'

" "" ....

y ou should uend erect and say

"i'~ .:: 't, ~& ~r i~~, ~~~U. ~ ~J~J'. '.' _.1

(A 11,lhu m IUIl Rabban n wa ~ akal 'Halllnd) OIJ.. A 11ah ~ O't", L(J~"(I! .r ou ,(fI-e Praised.

i(f!h milnahir Rahmanir Rahecm)

.1 ,b.t.,'tr~' with the Nauut' {)j A.U~'/~, flu! .Ml)'s.t Be"'eflc~~\"lt, l/~(t ~ri.40S.1 /til er,r;ifl,l

wi .[ ~be If U'c C :'ngre~ ','dion should only •. a)f 'A,U'llu~'m~'}ul Ra'lilJ,m;Q. ..... .£1 ~~d 11.'0"[ ~ S{~1I1i A ilah ~.~ . +

and then a re.e~uuio]l .o:f Surall. 00'1 "atiha'}l (. he open·.n,g c'n,aprre:r of the Qlu.an};

'Vb i I . t ~tnndl ng ; n Itll i s p'0,sition do IffiJOL if~ ten 'IU r hands but leave them ,at your sides .. Then, repeating the I;akbee':f' ~lm;d wh.h:ou£ ralsi r~g your hands begi n the prostrai ion, Allow yourr. knees to firs touch th groull~d followe 1 by ~h0' hands: nCLC and nllalJ:ly lit' . 'oreh ead which should be POS]ltij oned between the two , lms I aid nat 'CHl the gJot~n',~ rewa ",.~I the qiblll/~,

IOn co[up]le~.in~1 S,fu'~'h al.FalfllJ'ld'(l, ;),Ol should sarY .Au,!:een sU.eu:':~Yl' l"egmrd1ess. O':f W'I'H! tiler )fOltl are ill]()1ITIJe or prayilWll' behind ~he I m;II~i'].

h _ n re - : -eM the b(UJI'I'I.a'JaI1 and rech . an y othe:1l' SUJ-all- .. OJ:" at. least one ong verse or three small verses from ;any' parL Of the Qu an" If yourl p ~yhl' in: co ~g !".gatioll ~he!t. y'an SI\'ldJI not -ad ,any'!lring behlad the Imam especial[h wbiln he is, ,(Wdibl)1 reelting the IQuJ:'artt.

'\,_ hen this recita[t~:o . is (il1.i:sh;ed~ repeat the la'itbeer and, 'wil~holl]t. rid .. in your h nds bow dowa into' ,~',($k 'll gr.~spilr:'" )'11)'iJJ11i ': nees wilUl Ul~ I'~f]lger:s ou:~~pread and Loree jng 'l~:l'i! back .: trnjght~ no~ tlircblllg U •. nei rhe'!t rai sa.ng the head nor ~o\\lering :i l. Eu< ure dULl . ~"Our arms Me also k,ept free of 'th ~ Imdy. .: a,:y Ule tasbe 'h

Do not rest yourfrorearms on [he gro. lwd 'but keep tih~m raised ~md a way j,':roJll the '!body. A].~o C.OSU re [1]),,' t you r W'hl g'h~, am nor pressed agai nst }10lH abdomen, and that !fOllf toes are. fael ng (Ji'.b IClh. S~:y the tasbeeh

iii' , off" -:,'" ,g..I

I . ..J.'~ IU~

'liar' II,J' [II

(Subhana R,abbiyal ,Adheem)

,G[(o ri/ie,r,f is J1~y Lon:l tbe lv/a:!i' Grea:

i~.ti~, ~ ~'" -:,:~ rs-- r~J" - T-

. S~lbhln Rlbbi y~~ A' ala) GI()'rf!lied Is m')t .Lord" the MOist ,fl~t:,ll

~")T a. minir r~Hjn 0 three umes, and 1]W~~ pl'"Om:nll1c.ing the. i:aJkb r raise )rour head and si t u Ig ht, without ,s~n~n.... on the. bal ls of y (UII feet u~:u;l'\yjthcun Iewl.il~g ilo any '01 e side.

for a mlnimnm of three times and tI, _en Th~e aga&ij to t~~t standing pcsltiosi (qfytun) Sly;,~~g~,

,r.l!

o~"·~~, ~~' ...... w.,~, ,"

.~. ~

~ _-. r"'" ~01'"

('. ami Atlahu . i m~u' hal"nidab)

A U(liz hears tilt! OJ!le' ." ho .l')'U14· ,:,es 11'~m.

"loin shOll.illd, :s~t lwith both your legs tucked ~ n beneath you, the left 'foo1 sprread, out wi lh [Ih~ toes i trite d i recr h)n rf) : the ritl]~ fool ~ h ieh itself should be 'LJ![Jright w~llh the toes . 'acing the qlbtall.. B·oth hands should be rested IllpOll the thighs 'win] the f igers facing 'the (J.ibJah'. "n ]' slt 'i.ng pO' ture is to be adopted thr .. ghOUl the j61i(J,~. There ls no difference m the manner of smU]ng row the second, and !13S~ rrC~k ,j'ah Ol . I(}J:" the si tti"g bet WOOl TIle ["WIO p:t'lo(S'tnll·i>li.)ifi':;;.

/" ~,-"..,F~, '!!i, ...... ' ,/J ';';:: ,,~I,_ , .. ~~ -'" il, ..... 4:i - if' I~, ,J! _!Ii !J'

~'I ~1 ~ r'l1:.J,'~ ~'\.~~IJ ~'I'Jr:a.UJI ,~~ ~~,

, ""

, ~ _~, .. "" ;i" ~ '" . _... # !:ii' I ......

",,_- .... J,'l4U ,~ln ,;),rsl:t:.J' ~ .,'U!,Jil :UtS'~JJ' 4U, ~J"J'I

~... .. 1I!;iil I~.'. I ... ~ ,...Tfil .. ~ - ",','"1

."

" !: ,.." "" j'. .' . ~, ~ ~''''. ~ ::; ... or I!< ,,_ ...

11 ~ J,J '~~I ~'~ ~11~'~'rJ m~ Ull 4J~! u yt ,~,

... '"

n,~:ilue ss Ihell there is no' God exc:~pt' AU(;d~ (u:ld 1 be:cw witness 11'&($$ l'VJ~fh(U1Uf:ltui is lids s,e'tl·tn1 [ (Jut! Me,M,etlge,',

T11cn r~cpc~lj~lng [lie iGlkheer fan i rUo the: 00(:01 lid p~;"O~~r~lioll; ~ud after ha ving 'lie ci ted the J'a,'rd)eeJ,~ ~~, ~ n Ithe fJ:r~l pro(S:tnltiinll, &::1.1 'the takbeer :a,,g~ln find return to, the ~n,and~ng ~,] osltion, Wh'u I st sm~'t"il-d.i,ng U[)., ensure I(hi~~, you first lift ymm.r i"on!heRid and nose foUow,ed by :rotH'" ,~]~.u~ds and final ly y~lJln" knees, Do 11l;[:j'[ support yourself ()im your hands aad do not adopt 8J slu i ng posture run 00'[ ween,

\V hen ),'0 ~I 1"S8iJch the wO[ids ~ La aah~'! fllun>e is ~tO 'Go(/}. raise your ~ln(teJ&, finger and tuck the middle, th ird ~ffll d ~asJ1, n~W.£,~r i mo ~hc ,pSL~ m, w hl~1 [he U1Uf.Il!Jb ~nd n~l~dd~)~ Elnge:r to~c'hing, and! :~'O~:iming a,

clrele, '

'\,VJ (Jh '~hJ~ you. wil ~ h~Vle. com:llie;[}ed you I" Ii rsr fak IJ! ah" A.J l~ th,e; rmYlillriniiug rak 'oat of salah are to be perfcnned in n si 1l1ilar manner, wlth the: same reel tations, mevemests ~nd posmres, How'Bv!G1r~ i !~, U~Q remainlng I",~k~'~'(l'f 'y(;!ill :$:hotdd '[i)Ol recue t}!CUU:I" and ttl j,"w~,vuldil:~ mar sbou I d .you raise :you.r hil1lmd S' w:~'Eh ~n)l tflJdN~,(tr lc!5 you d~d in the b~gi ~ n'! ng () _ l~fl~ saJa~r:,.

ThIi3 index fing)c;l" shouWd o,n'ly be rt~i!cd once d1.'id~lU '~he tQslu,d~,r.'nud at the lEi me mentioned above, I[ sheu ld not be Ira! Sled 31' ~~ny Qi~~lew ~PQh~11 Qfl:u" should :H be cO.]JSUltl.'U)' moved,

J'f mfui:is ls a 111['00 (jill' four nak 'ah prayer~, l~~];ell. you should recite ~Ol IltJOrG' thmin~ the above l'as:hnl1, "u\(:~' and stand up ~~)]' Itthe' 'tl,h'd rali ~ edt

You sh ould, however; recite b(~:!m,aalal1; before s.~~ 1~(l/~' al F{uili.a~'~ i/l[ I:hc bcgi nning o,:f e ~'h rat: "~h. 'Wilen ~1")U ha,"tre COt.lIJlj)[e(E~d your. second prostrati on or the second. rnk 'all! do not Sh,~ttLd u.p bnt ,~~dlop[ the ~,itd~~g Dosi~1J.'Ire as before un!d recite ehe I'(jJ;/~"'ilhh~id~

~\,ga~,nj' wbll.sl ,rhdng you shou ld not support ,)f{J ursclf on your h:3~ds. but stand iU,.P directly. In l~flc1h of the fl!:tr:ud I~,WO n:ik~{uu 'CDf a fanl]; sal(]'h! you should -only ~el(,:ib:l; b(l;f~']'l'tl,'ah ,:l] nd then S.UI',{l~~, al

Ftuil~"f1.

After (:;~{JmiP,h~ti ng tI~& second PJ~ tfal~O~~, of '[1,1Je fi ual ,~'{f~ I oh yo~~ shonld ,ag,.[I i n ,adopt the. s~~tJ ng; posture and red IDe the tcl~~hGrJ~fwd as ~)c;ro!.'~, lfQ]]o.'~¥e-d by pr«ye:r and salutathm ~ upiL)Tl~ I~he ,Plro-phem ~ as 0) lows. .

I(A.l-t~m~i.yy~tll UUah~: w~ss.ah~~~{'1~ "Willt"~'h~Y:Y ibam "lI.~;1!l_8-S~:1,5UtiUl f:lJ~ ikA" ayYUlbJ,m ]] mbi},ly UD 'lin rnh~rnUIUY ~1:a11;i w a Ibnf~k~uu,uh.. Assalamn alaina '~~ra H,1~, ibadillahis saliheen, As h- hadu anla :~ laha iUaltiffiiJlI.Jt 'W~ ashh%idu anna Mu~uJj['iljlm~Ldtln ~~Jbduhl!J W~ ruseoluh.)

AU hOJ1~o,un!ti gN1.'(1ii~"(J.S!, :goot/,(/.eetlis ,(i/j'tl g,o,oti words ar« dl,lt! W AU!,!!. Peace. ;U~,ah "~. l1.,l"etCY ,"n~~ His bleJsin:gs be' ,m'l' ,~rol;; Ull ,Prophef. Peace be: OH es ~1-1"d iD.~~ 11i'e ,f.~;Ol:H servants oj Allah. I bear

I(Alllahui111Ii1Ht salli a~,~ Mllh4.i1f.inmrl;JIJ~Jin(w) W~ ala aali 'Muhal1nnadin kama sallaita ala Ibrehima ·WZ), ~I~a aQ~J Ibrahima ~,~lnalb;l h:fUT:u'[wcdun{rnil) m~j ~~f A.~ l,a'hm;rulIMi bl[m1.~i k ~ll~~ l\1'uh~mm' 001 ~ (~iJ)

21

wa ala ,nali Muharl11Jm:adln. .kama baarakta ala Ib~lIlh~m;a wa i~~,a. aali [bj'31hi~:na j IUlal~ ~m~~needun 'iililJa_jeed i)

Part Two

017 1\, ~'l{lll! Sell(j' pn:I1e:r~i en'l: M'uhal.W1J1-nad ond ,m ',~r;e jal.fi,t'ly 'Of .U:',l,h(n,'iJlnaa jii;~t as J!OU .reJ~'.f l:JraJ:ers o.~~ .lb~"it1I1ij.ll' and ff.i([_!f~'mU}~ of It,~~·,,him~ ,/~~dee(i you in¥! fll:l1,()l.prais(J 'l:~,ftl tl'wjd·sly., OJ~ 111[:" II! $e~ltl bJ.'e:s.'3ings C)'U M'u1idJ"lJn'l~t1 ar-rul Ot!, jl~ f:1.fi!J!lI~U:'!t '€?f.lWul'l:(1:J'~'~mad .lust as J~U' .'}NU~ ~ blesilng5 OIl' IbrCllh ~ifI;,an(j' ()U th« fll.']jli,t., 0/ Ibwahin~~ In,dt."etl J,()"t af ,pdt 100ft'1'ldsc. ('l,~,td nr~je$'.r,

You. should them I\ecru~:e 0]1;0 or more ,p'r.ay~rs en s~r.i ~ th at Ihey are known ~m ihi(;imlt~c ,prayers: frol'rn Ilhe 'Qul'tn, and hacieeth.

The method" of salab detail

i!i'

In.

A'f~~w ,co~np10~i,il,g your p.r,a.)~lr~ )"10'0 sh('Mli~d ~~,aj'

,~ J, '" .. -;; '''"'

~'I '~.JJ p..~ ~u:JI,

(A;s~,;:!Ll.~mlllli a'hi i'~ t~ m wa W-J hma.il;'IIJ]~h) Penc(t.' be ,0,',1 )'()/~ aruf 'lie ~,1',i~t,~), oJ AI: t,ti:!

once 'wb~lst urraing your head to the right and ~1~f;!'Il ,~ :&'t!'Oond time' wl'wwls[, mm i ng yOI[~]' he;;;uJ ~tO the ~Iefi'. 1'~1 ese 'f:in;::'1i~ 'WOi"dlS, end. your sctlCll~I.,

22

n!I",eu ,ou nl is h, .to. beg,i'u 'Ol~tr lJr,uy,er,. ,au ,SilOllld matrJ1' the tllile';·-,i'.tlan.

S,~1)ryjdun3, U 0'1 fir ~ mtIT~l~eS,; 'I Act io~~'!i He based 011 :uV'llwndon, For each man wi ~ be the reward o.~~ what he !I1tLn...~ iluten 'd. . o he who has migrated ttl ,Alit hand his :Pif'Q~,),hel'_ -, his wJ11 be ill m~~lr~rt'ion (0 A,nab and 'l~S P'rol)trLet.. A. i[["n" he who has ruigl'a'tr;; to ,~, 'l,,'od,d I)' g,r:l'i~~ which he hope to aeqalre, er a won~u~ whosn he wish es to marry ~ 'l ~[c'r~ his wi ll be ~\. m]grati{iJ~, to whatever he has, ] ntended, ?

Note '~hM \" hen l~r~y lng ifn cOl1gregm:~ O;J~ it· ls necessary '~O meke tlse iilU:ctui,otll of f"OJ ow,hag the lmam also. It is reported fTom Sa} )fidunlHl Abu HltfJ,j r,a' is pan. 0" a ~Ia~se~' lwt/l III (] lar ~ he P:rOIJtreI, ' aid, , The ~ lllf.l.'l[m has been appolm.ed so It'luu !1e ,mtl)~ 00 'oIJ..O'\l.red .

. , ,~~l}refOf~ t do not differ (rmn, hit I- .'

Sa:yJl'iduml Jabir bln .At dullah . _ mu~nue that Ir~\e Pf'oph. J _ I said, · he Imam is IFeSPOrl' lblc, therefore whatever he does, you do. ~ I)

Sloth of [jp:_, abov c '~n.'r_~t~on. show l1r-' oo~iUoJl all ~[ leadership of H~~ Imam i ~11. s-at.ah: and =:d81~ tfy d'm'l: i.~ is 'UfI{)I[ acceptable for mite to jein a t'ofi1(gre~atL'~ wh1lrmul[ tile if'llt ",nt', -·u of fo ~ '\l"iirlrg the Imam ~I[d m-,~dng i ~~~ ~spom~;ib~e~ 'ht foll 'W:ITlig nn.r.r,fUtu'cMl ~lBrl~'kc~ th1's clear:

Ibr~iliiniL m~ N,. kha,; 10 said i I yen "fO'tlr.il, in a coogre, a1h). n an - cLlo[ 110 11L~ f!kn 1he: Intemlon o:f 'I hc;h" so. fah ~h~n yours. wi 11'1 be h~\!td]d. And iJ the II mnam makes the intention Jor a wh.lh and th.o.· e behind. hin11 make an i nten~ j'0I11 for anot ~~el; .~"111a;/J.!.:11" . jv;llctJ~ wi ll be \ al ud bUll ,O'~ l1l:,ei I' .' ~ I

.. Blli .'h;;u"jr 1 '. lid ':'hl n m i ~07 •

Ul!L 'h~i 6$' ~mJ ~'~U~] l.l~, ~ II .

'j niB. ~Ii 1!1 ~~ ~~.;J ·,Y{Jm ," Awstl!~ ;.1,. qufiti!ld n 1. 11:afidh Haitlriamil 2166_ i\l~, reported I ~)' [).m~Qt.u [hi ~ 2'1.4. ~·t u hruhlilh Dh~~f;~r A hl1ia4 Umfiml. rIIi !l~r~ h:cbrred it aMlI 1t 115. 11 . del Hs of ~l'l~ Jh1))l~. le mi_ - ~ITi t works ,G:)~ I lh ' 1idb [i- ; ilhilnl[jl aIll ~L ~h~d~ilh Uh .. ,f;lr Ann I ~d UU~m~ni eee Ih~ !bio~ , I,mie- _ :!:t2.l;!lir!ln :at ~h ' end or Ii ~ 1)1 dk;:_

I r"Or det;:d:~s of llis ~irftJ (tntl 'h:,oo~i ~g, see tl:!.11l 'b~1apbi es seetlon m, Ith.e end rui" ~hc h.1>Il .•

II II n frl lll,jl\.l~~ _.RJ!.m.l\l1 ~fi .: ri-hTb 11ll1!mluutj.' 1.53,

'5

The intenaio 1 should prefc.mb]y be :1r:J~,ad¢ hi one's hen ~[Jd not 'V;eWull.y. It]' :~~' ~1C'ir.:!1 t '~O ,hu'\l"e a de:f1n1te kno,\ lodg,~ ~ifl: tl'Ll!i mind ~bou[ t:hi;,} salah and the 'n1~,nl1~~· 'j r which ~t is b-eiJ,],~ performed. nO·l\lJev.e:r~ some. ~b,)j,a_; hit v, Lad conccs Ions :[or tl~ .,., win, ar~ UIfi,~lbre' ro foc'IIJ~ It.hemse~ves (Dr '~\II1,1iIJ reg~dad.y eN,p~( enee doubt '~m:l~ss ~ 'ey proj·lOlJilu.'!e the il1'renl.iO(lfL

,1;1 ,uI !~is,(J, J Dfl' 1,~{lJIld. l'l"",ttl tlUiY' ,«rre lel~lel Ivitlli tl"e' lobe' ,()J ,JI(JtUr

ea.rg I":;

Sayyiduna A mlS . ~ars· ~J ; ~n\V I~~h~ fl'cphel '. I. SI)' ~ he ll~kb'(J,er end place :his {~IUill~tb~ close [0 his ea ., He bowed dor ill inlO' I'Iilt ',u urm i i each of hi:, j~\]nts became mctionle ss ~nd then des 'end d (in~.· Ifllj~'/d)

'II., ilih. the takbeer. H:~s knees w,en!: be oor"C kis, ~{)11Ifds. } IJ .

III ~~,~~heill" l~,WLTII[]On ,Sfl.y.'yfdJulr1a Anms ~ repasts, j When I~lle PliO;phet '. ··add ~ 3... t ie .l'ukhe r ]l~ waul raise iH ~~latild~ tmU1 hi : brOljlh,~

'~ hem iI~~ 'I i ne wh'~ hi~s ears ::.JI],d thenay SI{;l;I1Quak. AUa:h ~nm'l:' ;,;' ~; -

Sa. 'ytdon. \'~"aH bj!rn [.:[ujr -says, ~I saw fm "lroP~,'!.;t I, raise h]s thumbs ti~m his, e erlobes in .sa 1",1. .' 15

II~' 'l"L' •. +. \ " .

. IL ms S rer lII11ail", . oRlen 8hot,~IJ1 mise. nliej f:' hIDid; '~i1lJ. Irhe:iir l\\hou~ Llcrs or clo~e: m, ltlcir

bo-scnn~, S~ '~~~e" II J i I~, Part Thi"C(' Fer lltOro d:~~ib~

,'I~_I~,akiftll ~~2 ~nd Jl.liIih3,q:ii 2632:. HBk~nm. d~~ ifitd it 51:aitcei1 ;imd, Olirflhi"!.t.i <i,greed with ~um. H!lJjh~h Ilm ~J :Hum~m ''IUotli:~ lbm iIlll ja,Wl!i iiClJ Fm/i l'JJ a,n'l~" i12S1' a~ sti)."illlllg W~~.I!l ntl ~£ iji[" ml'FnuOl'!S ~.If,~ D'llih H~mc. IFo il!1·1 ml' (,II: [!-lorn dh I>n ~.~ :Hu~~fl<~m1l' ~ :Im;. l-ea.f.1l1ing :i1ililtO , erks :9!:~ II.he bi~~njc :sttda n :Ill th!,; ,~oo '0£ the I.louk,

11, ';\-. Y.a '~, . : ~'3~. TUNJ; 1 ir liJ: ,M "(krm ItJl .. \ f' .Ii as 'q~o:ve ! Jtt. H~ iii ~ h !iru;illami 21 lllJl. ~il :II~I~, J I~i (h:mli ili:dd~. n'i~~, in nal'fillOF.:) .al" a uubcl'!1Ilic. A~'sQ. n-:portOO. b'Y ~roq~mllJl II' '.5. (ill QLI i1ulah i;I)" ~ i'f1ll ttl "-'ftglm i 2t1:l tbiH iE~ ~~,{< i tHou :i.iln!' 3'11 ~01h~llti!t',

1.5. 'I'. Al....·'I; •

. ~ ~11lIi .n U\1!Ii .Imu l,l!Il. M q~mred ~II~ J(I, ri "i of Mlllim,r. eO _M 12. A!S-Q rer1Ort.cd by [btl

,~~I' I .:s,II.!iil:ia1~, 24 'I O~ ~~~!'rII;!d [,S.rlO, Abu DMJ.\ood 73; f. Nt! . ~ i~ hilii ,tJ~ M,ni~~ht~ IS32 [!1md h II '{d :l.'lllJ'm~ ~I Kt~w"it. 951t"" bn .,1 1'~' ~T.I. ,{II MU/;~~'«tl(1 20-1 JMI I\luz hnah oiISQ, ~:ahfL~i III 'gt6, and 'rJlbM~ud mlfll m M "t~1 ~Ji Rab.t:-.tl' 11132 ](toO 12. fr.nmu Nata~ 53,)" hi hI ' of ~J. J. ~.~' , '. K~;hJ'tfl !)S i ~ j\ltlito!dSb A,\lodll~d, "~~J..!t kI floe , ,. J alr..rw;;llrJ d~roct~)'.

fIl'{:!j~\ Ihis fnl.ner ~hli!' lr(uJn~'I~ i!t::¥elf I~, .J.~r'hnJ'I.'" .

26

rite' Arne h~fri been narr~ted by ttl . 'noble rCofApamions S3yy'dl:J:rra IJa. a bln . ·-zl, ,¥~,I SayyiduRti, Malik bin al Hllwayrhh 4; ~1 ~.~:d S fi:Y,vidil]1]~, A:b{h~~h~h b i ~~,~,-~,~, UJd ..,; J iii

There are some ahardee,~~~ tluu mention the ha:ll.ds. being rnised t'ilJ ~lrlhouhl rs hI ~h' br.:ginn]n~ 'of seill11J'. Ir is <I,I.it. ' pr _r 'Ie rl ~ thy di d this oll1y when ~ hey l'WIJd, shawls :JJlld cloaks O\.1'e:Jj' ti!lJem in win1er ~n -I wer . nab]o to :mi e lI.eh· hnnd.s UI) t'OI th . ir ear·, ft~nl ben.~t;h their cloa ~K. ll~i;s is clearly Icx"pl[IJ]III1I!eU b~l [malin Talulwl mill his ,shnrh A1om',mf . ~I A,Qth,~~u· ~,Iil' Inc! eon fjj~fil!ild by ehe foUD" in,g J''lldeftl.h:,

Sayyid:tif.U~ \Vail bil~ 1lJJjr ~ says, · [ 'S8lW ~he ~l)rop,~~,et ~ raise 'hilS 'hm,uds· elo : t:!, [0 '~lf sears \. Ile~, oog~~~ning .. alall.' H~ conthu.II,es '~, w'ill!m came 10 them (lhe compilD~~,ns~ and in om~ narratlcn, 'ln the fuHuw]]lg )fear~) and HI'W them rais[fl,g Uu:.1r hands IliH tllch chests in tb· begil~n~ng of soJalJ - they h.nd cloaks and shaw fs ever Ihem,"2C

H{ fidh Ibn ilJ Humam ha another explanation, He W f:Utes

~Tbi1ll~ ]S mo «lJ~lradictlon here, B,nngjn_ !:It ~:h,UU1b~ lin [ in.s ~~lith 'I~e ei:Jrlobc:.-: also permits th~ hands ]}ci,n! level 'W;'m [fn, ~hc !!h;o'lddn...n. ~uld l'Ilc ears, This i- 'tl{lc.tt e Dhe ~ower !pan cd' gJhe il -'ll~ l'OJJfHhllf \1I,~1(h ~hc wrlst ~I~ ptml~lk:l \l"i~li or close tOr wh~ J\lho'ldd!;;r,~ and the hnIJn(], ·i~~',~f i:s in

. ue Mi'lllt the 'car .. , armto' 'S,~ who have di ~'h'1l ly mentiened Ihe ~l~lml~ . 'ing i!~ Uj}~ 'w'ilh l~ ~ 1~i1rlob~~ 'I~'!O bc~~ stJc,ce~s,i'ull in oo'l~lb'inllh9Ig b<adJ. reports. benD6 ii, bceo mes obUg.~1 )ry to sake [his jmOl' cOJl~£dern'l'n(m .. ' ;n

Thll1S~ the lit· tling of all Ih. 'sa I1ffef'e!IIII[, aha'(leelh ls [hal when 1 i,,:' in~ling ~~Ja~~ th!j haid "fir, [0 'e 'm1se<1It(H~lh70~lder l1lEdgh~ w,illh the "! bumbs h:'ilfC] \V~ t 1 ~llie earlobes ami It ! e :Fin,ge.rsl in ~ht.e w~th the Ilop 01 the ears, 1m this \\~ay an 1h' difrel)el~l 1li1'~hl,"a:tiIOVi . [-f 'R' sing the hands

I II A' . ull R.~,jI' l~l I 2S3'O. ]t;.!l1 A'bi Sh.a~b.ib :1;.41 J. Alnn ad II ~ ~9" and ~ilw11 ~,/196. ! 7 (l '1 Abi Shil11bLih 2..4 12 ..

I ~ T.rJlmUiii'liij, hii: n.~ ,M' ;i~II.i'1 ~i'~ Ih·:.f~1 ~ J(!I30 ~mJ hI tllllf~,~~jI7m ~J .Kah'f!ef' [Q~31). ~.". SkI,UJ~ ,.Otl'llfm~ {d 1'(,!If/~ ~[4,r :1119;'.

:'1 {\DU DL~WOO"~ 72..M. ~:I'l:l~nlL N~~iPI:awi 3,20 cl:liEsi'fil~d il hU~:(r"-4'. for d~ lis of IJIi(ttI~ N Inaw ~ I ~ I; r~,. 'I~ PIlinG. •. :Ila,VQrks, ~. ll~ I io,gmpbic ~~,t n n ,I ~~ld of . h ~Ik.

~ i Fmii' €~~ Q1Nle- r. 11298.

21

ti J] de ~dlou:lmecfS11 ,eirHlob 'S, und tke IIOp of tbe ears '\1 ~ I] be reeoaei led, J'Ms explan alien is eon " ~I : ]Ied by t]l e fo]iQw.iug Irade tl,:

S ayyldu l1a W ail bl n Hu j r ~ relates [iUti, he observed ·~he Prop~~;.u . T when he stood ~ .p f'or salam - [' e. Jrai sed hl s h8![]d:!;, UWlili~ ~hey '\~efe close to his. shoulders made his '~humbs level \~]th hiis em, ~n1I[i1 I~hen

.' ."

l)lfOnOtIWlc~d: me ,akbee:r. "

"The. I _ :I'Shl$f of the hand' "f) t ie manner t2lx.p18J ned ab ve is ,]~e known VillBW ,tnlid pract iee of the ~ ~ana ] . cholars and (he J.ai,elf M~al i kl seholass. me is al so the '[JI]pl:ilflillal ,~[1t(:W lee of :1 mam .Al~mli!;d and the I ~$t k'11Q:)r~1l;IIllml "ticw of _ mam Shlnoo.

Imsr 1 " aw'~'w~ \\w'l,es, 'in hi8 [comln1Cnt~l'_)' e l > 'ht:'ch >tUSU_T1

"1\ . ffjlr the .mam I, r of ms:hlIg tb~' :haiild. - Ute ~es_t lknm'\~n 'lJlJew in ou litlidhlN:lbP iJJt1Jdl [he ,~uuJJ'llfE~b of the 1ITl~~j ".-;ily of ~he . ~lola ,:ii~ tim;' 'I h. should f!JL.~ ~ l h~ncl s (,0 hi ~ sheulders in ~!Jjch ,~~ '''!'''iI,}" 'illiat his fJn,gen; VJI'e "n line 'f!,,,,tiU~ the 'lOP 01. Ids ~'~L~~ hws thumbs are pamU~~ ~o J~l~, e:nr 10 es, and hi, p:lhns ~o ~ jls sll. 1J k~rs. ln thi Wa:}f S:itnrlLOC [,\eoonci~ed Ihe di:",e['~m I l1:l1!rrn~ionf;. of ~ he hwle~f" ~r~d I~lie people HprroyeO ~ ,i'S of h~ i1I1~~'

It i permis iblc to ]\ ise the. J.~J8nd, be ore the UJ'klJeer as 'in 'the ab ", It. dee 11 ,o.f Say idun;. "" li[ bin m :ujr "~. i~tI in [1 . JJQ; ~(!etll. off Say,' idu fl:ill Abu Humald a I S~lkfee • quored later, ~ 'tt is I .. lso pennw$si,bJe [to raise 'd'LCln togel:her Will:h '~'be' u~'kbeeF as mn(mdo~~,ed ~in "j.~ II:ade~1I1 of SaY}1id ~ nl W'~,;~, bi n ,Huj r ~~ 'fCCtU ded by Abu Dil\11/ood.2)· Both nlle~ lOds .are pen .1 i ssible b1ll1 (be Hanaf ,ldQ)tu~ have prcfc·-ired'me tlr •. Jp:ti n of, aisiinlg dl,O ~~arld b ') , 'e the tokbe 1"."2"

~ A.I 'UJ ~)~'I,w~ ~I 'T?.A.,

1) ,1.lIT.r.amrn Naw(Ilwi '!I't1,~ ~~ f.OUD!""~~' oJ Iilhc ~'Sl ~afu;.c S"l.:dlOIj! or fl~~11.~ Boo ~ru: [OUOWIi.fi,& 1~,gJ.

i': Abu D3~rood. '2~ ~ _

;Mi •• l~i\c i ruJro a lhiilidl po.~ i'Dli Ii' lt1Jf r..usjlll.ghe. h 3i1li- . ~flw- ~f'iD'g, tl'Ll: "a - r 8:5 may • . PII d!;~.tlOd f:rolilll ~h . J:t!tuJ th oJ S lY.'yid~f~. ~'ll ,m{ bin '11 Hu,"~riHl ' ~n Mu'lilti. 'bm: AI1,,_II1t3b Al1.I!.Var SIl.ll Kruhmn !i3lY':S; i!J1l. ,his. .A.iab~c 00 llJlre'Jlil!3liY of ~3lukh 'ri, Ftli/JJ1,' el B'a.ri i'lu~ Uti:::; bras: :I~Ve;li rtlflllrdl100 Ih~ puc.,ice of an,~ m~ in IJite J.~~mUUJ'" Sec U'i~

28

. 11. e per,ns. S Iro'ulcllJ,(! j($cing t.o'wards ll1pe. q.l.'bla'~' (f}uI the fiJlgel1A~ ~dl(n,l: 14' bel s.lig""~IJ' I ~'~e,d{d ou.t iu' ti' 'U1.~UNI 'lUUf.,Utl; ,fuJi too ti.·lla.~lt~ fU)I,fotJ ,tJpe.,'! .: ,

Saeed bin Sa.~~n Ire]a1!·f:.."5·: '·S~yyidum~. Abu f:lULfnind1. ;:It emered ~hc mtl..,fl)d of' Banu Zumyq ~'_ hil :,~ we wer 'Lbe~'S. rei. aid, "l'here are tllu:'ee ~hi]\g'·· '\\~J]llcl1 'were of til. praeeice of the Prophel 'but 'I): hioh

eoplc hav ' now aOOl1cl'llil.ed. when the Pro,pb[et .' would tand or pra;~fM' he would do l]]I~IS..1 (~'.p'lai.nirllg Ithis Abu Amir (one Ioof '[he narrator ): I[hen rnised his h('ll;itds without :s.In:'e,tI.d~ns his ringern open O~· c']o~'~!lg '~Jt~m.l:ight.~~

YaUl' ll(J'Z'e !;'l~IOllld not Wdn',cle', in arl;Y ilil·e.{i.~~OU /J,llt' Sll·fJuld· b .

/0 c ,U s ,cd in /l''O'ff.t tJ{ "0:11. ('J[,[1. YOll,", .. Ieee ,'(J/ ]J"~a.J' eJ~.

Snyyldul!'Hl Anas • narrates lh,at It1iC 'raphel _. "id("1 'Wlu'U i it w"ltb certain p. ople '~ha·i 1 hey raise ~~iI,eir gaze lo.w,alD'ds the sky in their sal',(;dl,?j, S,21,yyiduM, A'fi~ S '. I ~ ·'I.ys~ ':The P,rophCl $Jl, [~e.11 spoke so sit-.Q[1Igl}J about 'In ~ s 11~'f(], he s~id '~~l,her lhcy lfefndn :~I~Ot~' this [or lhdr ~.igh[t '\~m be ~alkcn O,w.ay"",·19

uh~u mad Ibn Seereen relate c limit [jbe)! - the eompanions of the I'wlJhel: - wouk 'ooCrJ('I, men (j I~ M til person' 8a~ dJo s IJtO( go 'c:yQ~d the p.1.uce or. f1llls ]Jf3,:re.r.· 0

- =ogi[jlphii~s I 'I;;~liml ,;lit I he end! of Ihe boQ.t flJlf tli!mil s <0 - A Uamab AIlI'!IWaI' Shah

K.~ Iii niri.' .' H '-. le .... rnhJl, un~i \''J/ . \.

~.'1 1l"hetiJ1Jg,:r-:s are' I be ,~.t!!d 011. ill. r'ull'··,.1 \"lo·hiJ'l tmU"'IJ!!I~1g Ihe Imees; aimll k~,1 ~i~l~U.).' l-lJIge~iher in, '(ujutl. Aj).~J1 fr'(!rn ben 1:1j.\·6 ilJ.s~:jJtoes ~.he nlll .. ger~, are. 00. 'be' till lin l]Le~r !i'I~l~f,;tI .p-~H~hkifl in ~(jt(lll. uN 1'I~ld, eee tjJdy ~ug~lllk i!lJ1~ ~ 110' tOO ~ pf%:;]d !tI1.l " Sw th~ 11(1d.eelh .of :5::ayyitl ~Jn~ 'W~. ~ b!~1i. Hiujlr. !,3JC'I" \un.!kr ~t~ti' 5i~lb~he'<!i;dlIL1g 'Graspi'n.& )"om kllL€IllS whh tt~ -hi~gen; i).U.(S,I'Ud/ NO'~iZJ 111m'll lh~th is [(lo~ meli. Women s.'h,.q!!lld 'D[~ to ki.:" 1 dlCllr fh~. ,; ~ ~ 0nB:i1!r in fill IlItl.' p .. ltlm O(L ,d(d~, S~ ChaIt~!!r 13 in [P,m ThfCi.': ~ r Ide.1[.all~.

~"l11, KlIllJ S~i$ ~ d A~~h{lqi :21B 7 •. 'Ht:IY~m clI'cd8r,~<1lI~'l ,If ~jl,~ and ll;Jillu bi ~lIgrctc4l •

I mlJl~lurlI7111.

.lllo S~.;eed bin MamiID.iDra"s, quotec.~ :in ~lI'fUaqa llI~' Akkbam,' 2H 9~ IIIJt~d Hill. tijj B(fl'l 11295. ! l~ r::i dh Jblill I, i,lljru' ~.d\jj : Ibnt ~~ l1amlJ,QrlS! ~re miIJj~~Di~. AI~!J ~pt;.li ~e(l , • n~i huti lS4 t .

29

S~~~f~dllJ1ta Anas ,- j.l~nr-ate"L~' th ~u dil;¢ f[~p~ua'~ ~ ,grdd'i' LOll. Ann:i!

Pocus your gft~f! w~~lI2're you win Pb)($([[0JW.· 9 ~

lmam Abu 'H,tl[:li,fah;l~ ID"ITI11Im, Abu 'Yu~mf~n StJ:'f:lf~~l a] 'Ihawri, Imam ,'-'~ruh,mLlII~r[a:ad",M Hasillit 'tdli lJtly'Y" Im8Jm, S.1~tIifi~'t, and rheir follo .. vers 0.11 say l~ ~it, wt hi, desleable (01 f-oct]iS O]JB~ 's ,~lZ'~ al om,e 's place of ,pro.stt:r~i,orL

YO!~: S''l;O,~£(l:' t/?, e,1' S,€l:y ~1. " C¥J~f~$(Jt:,~w:'t'Jllf' t:(lklJ'e,(J" ,~~(tkl}.fJ(JI·at (d tfJ'i'tJ':@'enUl,IJ)..

Ana]] s,a¥s in [he N,oly Ql1r~m~

31 Il~~hnqi 3:14$. Mm_du~{jtlhl1 j)~nfM" i\J1:~1iiad Utl~m."Uii q,'JO~OS OJ6ti) .fro~~ A'2EZi, tl,,[t~, D!lij IUIl1~i ~1"d~ 'tIL"Im~~ul Ih1's: iJ,~I'e~;tI~ i~lI hi:!: .p"Jf(.,ri~ll~~ ,(",~ Fil'dat~s ,:Jiun!ll tihn~ lt iis: imslm '~1 ,~)rr';i';'r~~', H~ nbllJ' tIUIU!L(\\S.lbn HajOiU MilIllktd who :stLilys ~.1I~1 lhe: ';a.d~h :lrums. a lIll'1.:ImbQ;Jf 0:[ IChail'lit;! th~u{ mtd:~~ ~I e!.U,~ib.lC' f~r t~]C ~k of htlHNI.

:4~ I:~(ir cr~[a1I~, fjiF b ls lij rl.'l :1 m;~ ~Q::1m;'n.i!!l, see ~ht biiO'';'JI.',~r~h]~ ~[inl'l ~l ~be 1i;;llljJl O'r' '~he 'book.

)3 f()[ cile[a:ill~ ,~' h j s lire ~flll;(l! '1~'1lmj f~, :50· Inm 'IM!l)~I;;1phies ,"'\.~o:tiO:I!l ;1)1 th~ cud oJ '!he book,

_'M 'Foil' o[~c~'iIin Is; of :~i~ I~'~., 1:C;i)lI·!l'j~~:G. 8ml ~",'ori;:;s see ~tlic ibiogrn,hiel;'; !U]·c.:~~m ,M ~hc iCil]Jl 'i;1If l~hc bo©~.

.li~ ;,.'~ A:J~] (;I~ I SJ ts,

,~ Ab~ul Ib,7.!1I!:toc~ 25 ~9. Ib~ AM Sb~~~~h 23'18~, Al'Ill'ilarJ I. [)~9'" lli:n, ,Maji~h T/,5l. Ahill J}.'l,\~od H) l .& 6_~ $ .. and Tli!1fIJllrlhi::l. ~r,@::iJn If"l"!!\\~ i has dct: hLtccl :ils ~~liIlild s.(lhe.el~ an ai ~1:t}J'ffl' .~~, 31240. H~ In h~~5 ;;]Js-o iD:lIl"ahld ~i[' (,4$1,) ~m ~he ~~ilnl~Q;ri~~ of $:a)i yithln.:IJ Abtn

S~(id ali [«hudri ~ sa,rifil;g: 'Ibm ~t ! ,1m~~~i.r. Dh!3tu~bj ~g~cd \""hh .illIG.. _.

30

Sa:yyiJdru,milj Abu l;'lmr'arnID'i'ih J~ ~1tam['~S: ~*~la'l: ':\Il::terru tile: I?l:o:pl:iief~, ~ '~l~OU ~d slan.d 1m p for 8(JJla~ he \Yo'~~d ~y the ll~kb(l,f$,r 'wl')Jelll ~lml1cll~~gt then wh~hll, bO:Wllli,g for n~k J u. 'He "t(lJuld, them read ~ Sa'n,~i ,A,ll{~'hi.~ ~i. mt'U ,HOJ'Jf,idah' (AUaih ~~ a~ ~1e~_rd t~~ li)n~ wl~o prai sed IllMwm)1 wl1en dsl~g !from, rMk:'rl. Wh~~;s;t SMll'[tcfhii,g J~~ wO'uJd :${~J '~Rf!bl;f:~:n(!l J.'(l'k~'1. l~lt3mil· (OIh AJlrn~h!, AU, praise belongs 1Q you.) 'fie, \t!latlild then ::m,Y' the. lakbeer ~~h£.n -rA.11ing ;int'O prO~[filLt~)O:A ~utd ,agaJn. when rislng, J~e wouLd do ~ta1'~, ~hl::OIl!.Jji!5h(]!I!.u (l~e !$c.d{fh unfi ~ he !CompJd~d H" He wCMa,l~d ,jj}l~o say (h;e ,'akbee'r when $t~indi:ng '~1P' from the s·U'i.~g of U:le second nJk.j'(ll~.)S'

The.r.lei ms no di,sagfoom~Ll~' ai!l1;o~"~g; the, scholars that tlt¢, tc;sklJ.ft'et(~'~' (1~' 'tilw(NNti~ci'll. i:~ ebl i\g:.~Ofry! and with.'O[II~ 11' tile $,'(llah is not ll!'~~~ ~d",m

,A .. u'd p.1£ll(;,iJ,ij'f;' yQ'l~'I;;r rig}t,i ,palIIlZ' O'1;;e~' t.ll e ,br(lcl, of' j:;~li~'r ,lle,/I; l.~~u~d, ~~wist Qilullo'wer an'};,' ..

SllY~ iduna, S~h I: hi n S,~ ~ d ~ re i at~s I:l-l~]t peop:le were OOill1L'lnu~IldGdl 'to l~mncm" tllie :rig~lI,~ hand over (he left~ i'J~ $o~'C1h. ,A.bu Hazi m (diLe n3n'8Jtor from SaM ~) say,s! ~ [ o,~tJ knew th~u he (Sahl bj 11 S;('i:~d ~) l~ ,tL'icl~]~hlg

I· ,..:II"' , I - ~ 'D 'I,.., t ,,!lI.]

~, us iL~!,rect 'Y lei; ~l[[~ rfO,pnC'!, .. , '~

As plrlit !of ~, onger ,~Io,de.,th S~yyild ulna 'Wni~, b~iwa lIuj f ~ also nnl1'~,teS that the Proph,et ~ pi8Ced h~s: :ut~hJt lia ~I.'[td 0:11. .}]e back CiE his Ie n )tj,a ~ d, the w:ri:sj~: and the 1,~:~~' ,anil.42;

11 UJiJl!i M"ilIjal.IUll, Imam NiIua'!.;\li. (k:ChLl'~ '~l kaS~Nr. (311'2.). "''' 1J'l!IIkhari '15ti

I IfiuHn lI1yh~nw~,(J in Kil't~b (ll;'/li'W'nrJ.I'" 1,4.

[J ,IttJ~m~JJ!1'~' Urmno.~~,Ji fk(J'MitiJ/ ~d i\iDll1\l'.r(,'~. p'29., ~I Malik j1S on_d, 1}~lb."I11::ili "0.7.

6: Ibn :K:h~lfid'mrJil~ 4~OI arid ~:~ih~i 23,25. ~Im~nl Nima,~vi I~~ ,c'l t'i::;ifi~1 hltri«'"th . 323}.

Sa.yyiduna A bdrtdlah bin ,Mm;,' ud • reports that he w.tJ~, once !,b::m,yi ng !JI'tl"h b~~\;imug 'P']tIicedh is, lef[ baHd Oil his ri,glu. The Pt()ph~[ 9- ,5;0.\%1 him mud 'll'J~ced 'hIlS, I . ght h:niJtd ever hi~ ~eft 1]

Qo.ibec'8ah bin Hulb IlJa"'l'a,t~ "Fw'n1 h is f.~H.he[" ~ \\:' no, S3yS~ 'The 'PrO,I)I~e'~ • ~,'(luld. lead US ~i~ pra~'r and w()u]d ab'sp h~S' te fi~, Ila~!d wil~h h~s I'i g hJt hand .' ~

"The f(;d~adef1IlJI ,lu~[ec{l [0 l~'D.G :f~~,~f~niliTlg .of the hm~ds Co.nul~~' bOlJ'IID words: '!(;lkdll ~ nd ~ w'tidh' meani D~g • glrllS:p:iiJrug ~ and "Ii~~ i ~lg ~ reslleclil'Vely. JBio[h 'methods are perm iss ilMe. OJ,] e llilill' sprend his: r.i ~J\i!l [la,lm '1D1il the len W~,iSi ,3.ud lower ~lrrWl'; 0',1" graS[01 the 'left. wdsloom,e with tOO :r,igJn:E hand, One IlfA:1IJay also eombiae trn~e tW0 liLlUeUlod~ by ~][CJJ~~tj!~g them ~ 11, different :£ai(ih' ItS so me Hanafi U/nl8.(l' ha Vi! ptdctre-d (such ~iS ] lumn S h~ ra inbn'~~~li , or - Y enelre i'i I1Jg the lettl wristbone wi th the ~iight thOlillib ~ nd S:11l~l]1 f! ng~r~ and Ilbadmg I~he ,u;:'m'f~)hud,ng fl ngers om the lower 1~eft arm a;~ explaiacd by ~i~ her I ('UiiiJ1fD U.~tm'i,ija ~Hd ~llJo[,eJ b:y' ~ - nt1dh B.lIidlf ~II I}e:cn .A'bti 4:5 in Udfidt1[ al Qt~'ri, hi s com ment ary ('lif· BIl~h~Uli,-1f)

fall; shotl.,fd p'Q~i,tt(}'~: 1J'()I1.lllulnlrJ~ lHJ~o'~~ ,tli',e' 1~'U~l~!·E1

S\ay}jid!LlIi~~ \iV~~iJI hl n Huj'r '*' :s.a~g: -] saw the Pro.l)llc;[ aJ, p.I,;tc,jm,g his tr.igl:ll hand Olif~1 his len, in 'pl1tyer. be llow ~t~;e: .!'!!Ia:vet '~4S

II,~ !bn MJjah :8 'I I .. AlD-l! Dtl~m .,55" 'M;;u;all ~~l!l, :m{uB, DiliLuI.:!qti ,21:2.7. ]'Jflf~ill.l1I N;m,'01!'l.\ri ~ms d~~'m'~~ it J.'Iilr~"-,ff,h i1li1 (if Majfi~' '11 :311 1.1.

.:iii, ~bvJ ;\1)[ ,S~uib!lh 3~lj4, t\lnnad 2~'461. ~bn ~,h~p.h' 8M ~ml T,iCTIliidh] 2S2- ]if.!Hlm 1'1im.}idh il ,ctclJcl ... ~h~1 i'~ i ~ ~ IJ.f.ISfm' JJad~·$II.,

o!s f"'IQ[ d~~alls IQf hiifi, 1 ~fe.. ~e".IllI3tng naw wtu:b ~~~ Ih~ 1~'i.i~r;Ql;..'ht~ ~~t:Horro ,;tt U~.c end, ,df I~~c boo:~,

<!!. iI' iI' ._~' , ~.. ~ <:::.i>"I "i'fli

'vlJw.lfj\l' ar, ~!.rI ,;Y":; ~ ,'E_

~1" l'hi~j, i S ()j~ ~y fm' morn, Wom.e-lil :t:hQUlhI ,t.fI,4,)~ Ilhcir haiJd So on dll~:i:r hL)._i;;(Um..;., ~Sec 't"hn;p!C' 1.:3 Ii ~ Po.n nro~ for 3 f!Jli~tli er !2':t,I~I:limMijt1i.

.liS ibn, Aboi 'Sh.;jllil~h! HaLidll >(~ils;h~'i bin QI-'! i:]r!iilbugh~lllfIl ~~f~ ifJl b~~ ~~likJ~~J © r iilt~ ,~,~adm~d~ Qj' ~ifll ,Ik'jjlrl_)',acu" ~h::J1 ~fli~ ~JtJdt!'(!llj' hM ,f;!j WI)'" f1,ltn,H.l :!':ru!ffl'i';, A~[I,21nlif}l~ ]~'ash;i,rn $Ii ndhTi also $!).).''St in' Ms Didulll: (jJ !$,[l1'1¥'liz pt14 that :l1~ saJ~a'" I!S :s;mmm,. r,~~IY.lm '~t~~'aw1 ~B:"~ Ilurt ~~s' t~JJI(ld is K-aJiJ!.e'iJ ~330). Iui)'U:'I!lfIIl Al~u ilitldyi~ U~kiJ!IJ~ ~I so ~fiy~, 'i n hi~ "J(DnUn~n~nf,~ Qr 1i 1"!iIJ. iii hi i.l2'77 (pYhl~hed by nl M{uba" 111~ Nidh(jJ1i~i! ,K.~U~l)nli'. Ind~~.

32

Sa:yy! duna Al'~ {:i ,~a~'~~ ''It is I)a~ of the ~f~',~'~l nah of pw.;])~'C:r to pKacc tlhl.! pn I m O\i\~J:' Ihe l~m~ m belew I he Il~ve] .'i ~

Saryid tJU[lfl., ~'bu Hura~rn11 t&; sny.s; '~Thc,. ~os IdDnl:l~ ,o:f Ihe h.all(l];) t~!XJn the l'li~B:nd' , In pnl:y~r rs 'be IiIl\\' I,he l ~~l\~eW" 0

AHbQU,fIJl these are Ilhe words off SaYlfidul1jl Alrn and Abu H~I rairah & 'I hey fiL[~ I~qu i VfL~ e:rJll to lhe di~;:e,.~1 connl~and Q;[ tililie Pt'Ophe!l .. 'MmseLf because, ,~,ccoflIDi n~ ~)@, l~ e vio'\v 8do]!rt:~~ by ~he majorllt)! of sch[)'~ ers, ~1J:l~eJne']1t'S or the £alf(~bllh ~ S!:1.c:~~ a'S ~ ""re, W!J[I6- eommaaded to do

n • • • f' I.: ...:11",1 . _.~ -I' '!J ••.• ~ ~I '0 II

! u IS,;; we. '~vel~ IO[,ul\.!1!!il~~I: '~,'© Y!O III S ,or 'U WS JUtmci,r,! ~fi uo S o are ~, to

00 'P]~c;ed h~ 'l'h~ ca-rl~go:~1' of :8, IIw.rJ'Jl Itarle:tl~I'.S~ [[ is lneoacesvable ~,~ ~n. I,he S,{liffilmh _$. w>ourud make such calegollfk~I~~ :s~a~etJm,enL w ilrltoUl h:~l\' i ng seen or :~:elu'd seme ~h i ~,g to t !::I,e : .. fi me ~f'J~ect :rorni\ I~ I~e Ptop~e'l: ~. I ~ i, t he ~ i;gln of I'll is prlnc llple.. ! he Hfj~~ba]'~ :scho~tI!r' Ibm Q i~d~Jr11Jl~rnl

't:~)[IC hm:de:5 in his ~~llilOlJ:i, lV'~HJk al M!'~fdml: ~ J]]S ,1]1f:'~.cI,ic:e J1.oes back to II h. 'Ii .f~~'~'!Ult,r. of l~he I;)!lophetl ~. "

6mh the ... se Ju~dee''''P wh ich as explai ned above are ill the c<a~egory nr m",nj'J,f,I,~ 3!;lC S~PP{ll'le{1 i1~j I~.he olh~t n~I'I·ali,o:in::;. () the S(ldral:m"f~1 and

."'-' .

iI' a,pl' ~'m.

I !~J t\ I-i} Uant Ihi~ 'f~ n )JJ'1i'1d",,'V!H;~' \'J,.'h~ch is .'I4~'X~tt>@h in. bo~~l S~,I'.1~tld a~ '~C:U "nd ~~ t~lU[li :B 1'I!,Ni~ r'O~ e",'~ool.~, Q;.n:dhi. Abicrl Sl~ fldhi ~I~M!I !Says, iH 'f a~~(llf ,(11' r'ld,t:r,~';Q,U'" d~iii'~ ,~iS Il,mntll)if" are anthenue, See Ch~p[:et:l in, ,~\iI;ru Three {Ioli a d~ai!ed ~;H~'GIIJIS5iol! on th~s f~4Nk"i #~"' Abo. 10£ tI,z~iI~ ,o;f llfL.~ I ivc¢'s" ,l'tlilL'ii1i~~; :and w.outs of Httrl£lh Qn5h.'i1iI Ib:\ili 't.Jl~~dubl~~h;llh. 1\lill3m;~h lia~hi!n ShHllhi and Q~cU'd ,Abtd S~ ~tdhi ~C' d~c b,iotu~htel ~ ... -euen ::lit the end or 'ube ~:!(ook,

~ j Um J.\bu S ha1b~ j,9~4. Almil~d[ ,S 71. Amll ~~W\IJ!od 1S6i,l),aruqUltni WS~ &. ruOOO} li.m.! II~L~~1i'.~~'~ .,J~,~ .& 22~2, AI~ "M,~Lltcd by A~u Hl~(S bin. S,h~u~ in ~~~s €lIt SWlllflAr, [md I ~r ,\\E;ud .iii! ,hb, 1,~;/~wu~~1 :i."i: Ij]'1;'r.Jrt~m~.w b-y ~U~n.a'h Hi'ls~i!n, Sindhi, '~Il! Did~ilim IiJt \i~j nm! pJ 2. Iq,IIJallil1(g flromrt ,Kan;: ~~' Umm«l. ]itepo!ifoo Idslil by iRu1.:cen i.m '~IlI.o'L.'~d !by too Imi'hnr (i,'f ,hm~' 61 f"j'~'warl!L

I~ Nhu D~wood 1581 nutd l;bu B~UJJg .(tI; <luo1etJ !by ;.\I~m~~h HXlhiill~1 S,ind!lli in 1)~~'hmJ'j I~' .sNr,i!'~~. ,p36_

j I ~ddn'(!fj '(f~' ,RmYi ] t ~ 8:8.

I' MI»~ ~d10~~ 11{~V~ d~cbroo ~'I H;: I ill hl be tJl.':la;:;o,~fbeicnil$oe of Abdll i :I~:'I}I~J1UlHn l}l Ull ]':;'~b~q, II :tl: .. 1i n,1IJ~ Mulntd~i~'h :1"11. :r~r A~ u fllewl Ulh'liJrUl'li'i' ~~~ !Clti~5 iflrJd ni¢m lHl{j(;_Jfj in hi:; J'J:tf:1ff

33

Hrtij(]j biu Hasan said, "I heard Ab~ ,[\1'Iruj 1ii1lrH 8 [~}I Or ,W asked him how ~h[)"lll d I place ilf~.r h ~ In ds' Ule r'erp! ied. · }!l',e ((lu~~ i i:1div~dl'i~ll p erform i ng the pt-a,rel(~) shou hi :p~ace the inside of his t~i,,~~ll. lP~d 1'0, On his :len hand and ~po:~'liCin both off theen bele w [jh;e na vel, ~:;H

rn brah u rn iiI I N,~'kh,i:Lli re:p()li~ s th AIL, 'I he :fl'O:ph,e( woukl ,rcsm, one of his

hands 0'11 tlliL,e oln1,e~' 'j n .I';.(JJ(lf~~ humh~:~n~ h~,~;JlJlliseJ f before Am~h _ lmam 11)~luunmad (the ~1Ia,li~i,3IUOI' ,o'r this lta'(/~(!lh' says. ~ He 'would 1'13000 [he palm of hh: dgtn hand 0,11 hls !~e:ft wdst below [he navel, The wrist would thus be i n the m,idd~~ {If ~b~ pnJ m. ,:;:5

~bffuhhn ai N~ kInd 30100 says; "J le (the; ~ndi\·]dt~~l 'Per,~brmb~ the Iprayer} should ,p]~ce his right hand 0]) h'is ~,~ft below the rrIJ;l'v~~. ~~

Imam l'lriilJJlid hi ~H~.yS, I~tl:ii, hils StnLtUIIl afu~jj El~rr,3!!,i ng '~111S above hadtl.eJh ()if Qahc~'$,a~h :

,a~ SUinll~ ~'j i 1!J'~t SJ~ai[ld~ ~~ I hlliOO!'II' MOblh'mjJJ_ M Lih~~nllmcJ ~~karin'~" ii::~nj]lf!lDiii IIMt H~~y ~ ~J'c'J"t(r~t hl his A Hj(;llZ fll /.'i'/(r-.nrfN, Ml12. ~~Ham~li HflJ.SJ~h:rt ~j Si:Jldhi rrl:MJ ;SSJ,rs in ,fM'INNJJ f~~ ,'Si1r.rh:i:th 'II 'n s ~hal 'UI_· ~lOO'l,i\L;:' IU'I(i;:f! ~h 'ljIf AU .:,. ~ Imnm Ii $1;~iriJ!i. A'!): ,11~!:ni~i\'I!IRld! hy Sh.jkb u~ t~ u~~~h ~,I~~~1.~mli ~j~!IIh~~nl ~untl Z~'kariy yin I, l~~' 1;'1\1 ~h~r I(Jf J,(~tj~ I' (l,f 1'(~I~'fIM IMti. '~lm"t:~I, ~b!J ~t.Mf;l~Nh., ~I-~C r~hJ Ii,~ ~i ~ ,at R~fl;:C(!O, lmd !l'tlil. ~l;i'lfI!im~rn~ QfII its, '1'f:ndL Ui!: i n~ rUi(jll!5,; i.lJlI~ {hn~ 1t("',Nl~; wlriic'h h . tl\JIU:~1!1 in ~I]", 'IJ.Ci!2lk ruic!l, ~hcl:Ii d~ lfIillJ!~ DlJli1Ilimc'~I~ Ol1 lrs roQk. 'W i ~ll eil.hei': ll¢ ii-ohlfirrlt ur liiCU'U,Il, ,Sec [ll~~f!i~C'r .l i[n Pm1 Three for IJ ~n<-f!:; dlil. :'1; h~~l diS~~~~ii on, A~w ~~ (h~ Munr~~]ilhi~ ~"\:liunl ~~ lh~ oCijtd '~f' tb;C! - ook for d~~'ili I) ef ShaIkh ta,! ~'I';"ldC:!!:llh M:~u1 ~u~ e1'l.11~lh~llrmHld .Z3k~Il'~YYt!i" ~ I'irc. le.'lmilltg ,~n:ldi WlI)li;;S.

5~ B'or de'~;;(iih ('if Ill.;;. 11 f:e :;1.i'l1:1 Icarln i~ilf see 111oi; ~"i O,~i"!~p1iie'5.: :5~~,h!i~1Ii i,1 ~h~ ~m,n or ~hl;.:i 'bXJt ..

";,. Ibn i\b~ S:h~~bilh l'!M2, ~llltil al ·l)wkun~~uj ~~) ~ 21'41 ~h:Lll ~~. hiLS ,br,.~n n~'J)m71!'~J W"llb ~I ¥e!f"V ~!rl .'i,cmm1.. I rn~1Ill N'bn~~wi 3.:\ 'n anti t\~lu!~."bddinl Yi~S;Hf B~I!~ IlOnA 21,u OOih ~@l'

,~ 0['>"'--

'~h"'}I, il~ i~Jl (a~ i Mhr!eJ'~~ It bas iti;! ~,o ~~1Il IMa 11l~ltJ,ned bj.' TmiliJ~l Abull l),aw~J bUl wl~hom a. ,'l~m«ti 'llS} II, I~ I' ,~'!i2:mi'I~, or ~ate. ~iVe:.li,. ~;z .. mins. ~mJ '~';.~ . ud' 1'1<;1'1 h 111m !"Ill 'l"ruJ rJj.:,nn1\l1!ilJ :II 1'& ti.!1 uil~l:dldi j,h Vmm~' i1'illl'i,fflltl Aol~ ~h~ b~(Jg~ ;_!jt'lii~I,;;S $CC'~i(n)1 :~ t l'l~~ !!LKI, Qli '~~~e book.

':'o~ ,hllafrn MiJjh~m~,n:fd ~I'.i' hk:io Kito.b t.:~ !li!TI~/~aQ.r i "l~l

~d ~hn A:bi Sh~~iooh 39,;:19 rJlmld rm~m M uh:uyumd i L1 hi~ Khri'b ,~llllJllJij'(! .. ,. '~2. ~ ~ Wm"lUll Nhna\\li: &lYS .~1L~I: ils. ilsl~'ffl~r ~,!i. koSOl~ ~3:l: !l.

·.r-asle~dng I~he h;:m,cl s i'I~ p~k}'i~f H s d'IQ practice Qif (he learned S{J~iJJ,bah" ·fr;J;b,~· ',~'!I'll ~~n:d "db ~ l-t,wh~e'f1tit. Tile)" are of ~he' '''I lew trnu ~'he lL.i1tHvidu:aL l?el'fJon:nin:g tbe IlrOlye§ ~hC}1[IM pll~~~ Ifrnh rig_lrlt haod m~ 'his lefl~! Some: ,o:f Ilml~tn ~'l~en St!i)' iLlljn L'I''_;' ."ii.~VIl~JI!J! ~'l.f_"!'~l'!LJi!!!! ~II !""J,~ u IH~\ C ~.~ H!:; 1NP~ei '\~b ~]6~' ol'hcfS;, '~~1.I1'~nd lh~i :th~y :s;hOl!J'b:~ be placed below the n~l'~lic:L Ail i@ :rle!L1uiss;j'b.le in, th.eiro- 'yJew .. ··~,l

F~~ttc~ i ng t~]JC ha(~~s below the n~'~,~ 'W'~1S lain: PJl',;Jtc tiee of Abu Mjj laz ,lbrt1Jh:L'L'i:i N ak:h~ll'~ r. I ma m Abu Jlfd.njtIllh,~ Imam Abu, Y: usuf, Imam MI1i:I h all~~n ad b ~l!lIl rt-Iasan al Shidlbau[ 8Jfld thci r roll"low~rs,. Su fyilln ,:i)1 T~n ,',vri, Ishaq b; n ~'h~~y®~~, a ld Abu ] slu~q m~ ]\I1~jn:v~~:d n"nl ,a'mongs:l, I he S:h!mfi.ires. - ~'~ has also beea q,lJo~ed 'fmrn Saeed bin ,] utmi'r ~ A Ill! Ulb~ i d, ~ b:i]l Ji\'IJ!"Bet and Dawood ~I DiliLabid. It is also [be ~UOSI: 'f~tlfllt(]'!J5 m~rraJl io~~ of' lmtlm A h mad bi n ~ ~mn.ba~ ,fInd ihe prefer.rod pracnee of '~hc I :blJn'I]3.! i U,'(Jl~M?1'_ ss

~tJ~ en ,qlt.,f~tti)r :rtJ(J(t' tl~a,Utl. AJ lnh says ~~~ the Fh:dy Qm~m.l

[).Ih!i! hh a k ~nys i ~ the c,[Jwnmell'l~lfy 0.:f this l'(.';1fS~~ "Thls means '10 s,ay.:

~,~ Jci'~ f, ~~, JWJ ~t:-,~ :J;~, ~~J ~~ ~'~

... ~

Yo:{1l' .(:11'6 Gl(1'r,i'jif. 'il oh A I r(.~'h (~m1' pf'.al~f.etl. B'l,ri!s"f,~d is Y01:.(Jf N'amfl} alld

. i'J"~. a .... .-J .r " ~' (:£II

if. 1(!I?'c~ll,e d ,r:" \·,O'J!'~iIi' ,i'l4',Q~estl~. J! nere , S' J1i{)' I ~V'!:'" ~Je5u~',a'."I J'Ot.t .:

- 100' ~. I!I.

S£Ilyyi<hm~] Abu S~~cd ,"J 'Kl~udri • I~~lll,if.ate:i ~lliltU w htn~ lh~ r;)liO,p~rel :, would begl m ,~,ala.b ~nf: wOllIll~d S4!IJ~ .s~b"t~rJ\{~k AUa.lllm~I,~n(J;", •. ! ~6.1

~7 Ti rm~ijMII'i. ;'5,2',

'''l S Lt~ Chaple:r ~ ~ LlI Pm Thn,_'(: trot 3 th:U'iJ~ted d~' ~'USS1"L)1lI ot- mi~, topic. ~!, ;d "f1lJ:!Jr S::U4181<

m lib n Abi ~ht~ubfJ;b '24101. ftrtd 1'1l!~ Ja~r ~~ _~~b~ 3Z~O~ '& :3~I04,

The sa me h'od(Jutlr h ~ , also been :r-eilO'J!i[ed fr01iil1i U ni '8~, 1\, u ~ n1ineen A~' hll ~'~ and S ayyi.d~.rm "lllL ""*.;. ,a ' we ~ l ,il' clbeJ], ,Saila/JnJi ....

A bch;"h reports l!Ul1 S~~yyid(ltlhJa Um:ar bjim at Kha.'i ~,ab Wt:!~j ld reeue

~'h, ,U wing'\ Oritls loudly I(i~ (d,ali) ,jSubJ~',(m~k, ,Uainl,~m'i1a ... '. ~

A.s wSid 1,"(:1 arts lh;OJ~ when Sil}'yi duna u.m~j' bin i1~~ (ll~ ~ l;],b ,0:$; '~\I;ould bC,CJ n ,'altllt b: wt)u~d say Subl;(lIJ lk AJJUln~mm(l .. ~ .. (15

his, aJ I1tlJrrt1Jled ,,~s being ~h~ ~~r3(:[]C~ or $, yyi(.hma Utlnnan,"~

S ay}tid U In, .A bu B,S)~\ t' ~nd g,a:)-l'Y id~~ na AbdnlL2IIh bin ,M a'~" ud ._, 6~

Thet'c are u number ' rf other Ii jim ,f lh~ I hav be:e~ ,~Jeuioiled in t~,~ ,aht.lde(!'~", 'hese 'il) re ~I Sit.') penn is s i b:~e but ~ he abo"1C' ,(t,~~a(J is :pre!'Cnred because 1;11 L is W~llial the eompanions chose and QCC~S iontlily read 01]( ~dr,~ d It teaeh people, ' ,11$ i !l,; ;idenc ' ef i'l beirn I uer :llmd Ihc preferre d JiJlI1J'ln'h. of the Prophet . .

bii L 'Ih" v~e\i\ of Aiq,arInAlh A' ,\v~ul Lbndtim ~ "~,akl~Li,lu~ ,J,.;l",_.

Imam Abu ~llm~f8l,h lm" rl'a Muba~nmad~ Sufy~n aJ TIUL ri, lshaq bin R3hu.yah ~ T 1l~1]11 A1ulIImd ~~d ~'heill' J~On()l\'l.·e!'~, as we'~ I as many others,

61 Ibn Abi Shajbf h 1'11-01. A hrn~rl I ~ 1, II,hiH, :.\~i~J.EL!l 804 a1~d Nasal 1199,,, I-Iafid] 1·1.1ilh~ li111Ii ;::;aY:-j; 21265 thai il'(O n:;Wimn,orn ate ;.'lll the:ltli~,

~,: II n M..,J, 1m ~ " A 1 U 1A1""~!il cl 176. ~'i Itlnl nil ;"";~J, IlakilJJlI CS9' ami B~ih~qi 2:1'1',

l.=tnld:m dec . I· I il'a~r,irell ::luI Dh~Lhi3h! a~me. "i.\i .Ih, h illlll.

f.l Abu Ya'!a.';) _ j1.l~, l':rIlKlml1~ lu a' M' ~j(f (~I AI\"¥f~t.[j qw:;~e-~'I bl' Hufi(Jnl Hl1Iilth~mi -uri 0", H'llfid h u~ itb:lt'ni :I~d,~ 1 h~ it~ fL~~lj"3hl~ .1~:(i:. ,A~ulwlU ~~" Alsv ri~tOnod b)' IDnnlqutliti 'II)S. Ibn 'QUc]. mah ::.;n,YS au tJf JJgI»J'~ '2117 '~h ~I h~ 'DaJr..llU][" al'C all illuhor .. nc ,

61, M\\ 'Ilim ')I t'.

~ I~II Ah:i Shlli1Jab 23:95. 'Thlt~'vi ~/JI~ ~md D~Uiaq~ 2150, mrnam ~i~lItl!\'\'~ "i1IY:s ibttl iIi!'. ,~. 111«1 is 5fo'kffI.' {J3i7 .

'"YJ I)n I qUHlIi 11·1 , '~'II !Ill .-inn: ,;vi ~n~!O a 11'],~ i a~ i)~fll~~' i 1« ,'-" ( ,;' "

lfofl S~,~ d Ib;~\ M ~I: 9 r tiS q~&t'itoo by al Sha'~I" iin j~;(Ji' €l! .r'~,WM41' :?l2n..:" ;c\ I~'

reptlfled tI}' Ibn Afuii S~ Il~ibah 2'393.

,~ lb I Abi ,sh:JJib h lJ9 ~:, ~iJHl Wb:n al MILli i[dhii' uOledl ll~' A~ Sa13mn Ibn

T,,}'mj)'j'.:!.h i~' (II .0\ w'f~a(jtI1120j I

36

1'.(1: j!a'~'n:",r~'dh,

Allah s.a,,:s, in ~,he : , oly Qur 111:

'" " f;;; ~ .... ""

« ,~, ; I~:!J~"" ~ ~~f ".,_ ~I r~ ~~~ .. ~,-"':. p' .. ~ 'i1:h

~"]iU .... rj,~·I •• UI~.g\i ~~v.' _U~" JU

.."V '" V"/,....,.... _ ..

/ ~ ~

Thus ben you recite the Qu 1; n,

cek l~,~JO protection 0' A I b~Jm - r .IJ)l l he €U;(:'~I:J, ed Slll~rkt illl .l.JJ

Abu V ~'iI r-I,;r· [~h. t I~hey ~b~' conU'IJ~lnmOns ) woul( I say 'tlt~

~u ;Clu:wudi1 and bt'$IFU11t~'h ,i' cntly in ~lalL'l2

I~ II d has,,'ualal~,"

Sa,Yli;'idurm Anas bim, Mul,ik .. ~ sa~ • .l pruyed (lbli,~ behind the Prl~Jphel

. , ~\,bu B akr, U mar ~md tJt ~nMtjrru U IlU 1 did nOI, be~n' 0 ae of rhe m

recite Bismilfah ;(1/ R'alll,1\rrm ,,~'l R,a/t{~em 'Ioudl". ,'B

, ~II Nahl 16i98.

j~ I ~ r2..r:q 1;':-4).

I Illl ~ A l~i ~hiilil'!>.o'lh J ,~,5 ..

, Sneed bhlJ M:JIiII, 'oor M, ~,nored by '1Il'nf\I~1I Nin," wi 3.40, He adm. ~h,li!;: ilS fS'n;o,a ~s;

• I Mul~' I 'Jib, Mu'lim 399 ~~l1d .:

37

The son of Sa)ryiduu~ AJ1hdiuHah bin Mughaffal ~ ~~,arnucs, ~ ,"y I~ f~e[ h'e.nrdi me roa(li'ing, i· mirk~/t .aIR, dml(W (ll ,R"IJ" (/11' it1, 5{~'lat~~ lie: sai,d. "Oh .my sou. An in~fi"~ror arc yOlt? .B,e:~. are 0:, hlU'1,o'!.1afiofl,"v ( "be son of Abd:uHnlh bin lVlugh~lrral . ,~dds, "'1 bave not seen ~ttyone tn ~o.:i~ g~t [he' Pl1),11.1¢t·:s eempan iOlml~ I~' '~:yffi~ro.rm ~ ~ novatten 'W~lS more ropllJJls[lre Ih(U[I my f~~H1e'f,"·) His father snict ~"], have prayed "l,~'i,t!h I'he ProJP,het " "" Abu Bakll'! 1ll~11' sn "1 ,"~hllunit .. ·" and I -id not he. all

..

one !)}r ~hcm rccae B'j,f.I,'irillah at ,RalllUtm al RlJ,l'ieeJI'I" there 0: '- d~OI I~o'm

rcehe il; When you prny .'Udal, iii' ' 'ad! (~'l lialltal'i LllUa/d ,Robbil Ad,~amee". ~,~

S,~yi"l:! Jjj',1jmilln~ s i le I!1llmy is the view ~und Pifi'U::'[;.[)l:::, or I:lh e rot'! ealipbs, S.:i1il~yl(hJi.na A.bdlJlI(I~~ bin Mas ud n ma~lY {r~hCI'- (t,.' Mlg. L the Sal; dJtJJh an, 11~tlbi'''m ~~, ~l is also 'the. vi, \: !l nd practiee of ~nl~lu Abu fro ~llflifab- Imam ", ',- u Yusuf, mam ).,~t~,h~nnnul'dl Imam Ahmad bln U:mb ~ and th it fo~IC)'~vcrs.,~. \I' ~U ~ ~ .haq Abu lilb' Id lbn £1:11

~ Ub~_[',il ,S.~d·y·an a~ Thawri, ] b til Abi Layla and Hasaa 'bin lIDa)l Ji.

Ii",ol.-Xo. u~t"d! ,by a' r:(J'€!'li:t(ltlQ~if ~1" StU'-f)It ell _- tdil'lt:dr:,.

S8.)'yiduna Ub~d!jJ,h bin Sa~iiiliiL .. ~ repons [~haE the 1'1: pffi1lC'l . said, 'There is n '01(111 for one who d ' ~' not recite '[he or ning ehapter of _ _ ebook'. ·15

'If,,Vabb Ib~1fl Kaysm:l reports Ih;rnl, he heard Say) ,idrlJl na J a,1b]ir bi1rn1 Ab(llu,lh)~~ 4, s~~y,. ·,H~ who, prm.,YS one ,fl:tli~o/jl in wh:ilch he' dJoes:. 110l I,~'~'~,e Sm~"h u~ liu.tj:.I~'(J~' .haiS in r-ac not prnye.d It all, Iln~,~ llin.e is bcbi ndaa m mam, ~ 76

Aluuleeth s ld~ ,_s, !hos~ meuuionro above whi h st ess ~h.e nbliijl1,at=ollll 0:' Surah at .1~~f1lihah are for 'the Imam or the :~iriI,d'iY:idlll~ll not I he m~,r,qw.r:tJ. lmam Ti n:m_i d IIi has ~l uoied IfII~nm ,A hmad \:\>I'ho (,On1 rru n rod on the above h(~'delu" {There is no !JJ"Ul'll.fjr for one ••. ) by

.1 - i1m~l.d _' 345. ~bu '1!AJ ~ h 8 'I ~L Ti mldhi 24· .I ,~1~41~ 112"':, II~mm·n rn~i I~~i

:S:;J s mhat [I is bass»,

.. Ehd.llan III ~md: ~h. !ilim J9.:t

. ,M~II b: 1 S3 ~m I 1"ilOrnilllM 31?, hUiEm : Ir.midhi ~~}~ ~hM ih' hm:if'tllr n. 'W$O-J~ ral~'U"!!'h.

38

saying 'This :is. if be is alone, This is also the '",,"i!ey of Imam Ab,U1 HarJm; nh lmarn Mallk, Imam Abu - bs~uf~ bm'~aElrlIMllh;ttnn'tld. meir fol lowers and the clear 111~ uri I)' oi? 'ff~' ~ ul'rJma.

01~ CO":1~p\lel-b~,g SltraJ~ (lJ If at,~I'uJf~1 )'OU 5111unllt~ .~Iay .1\ fn',ee,;~ si lell.tl,J,. ~'e,ga~'dleJUf of' wlxel'",,'1" yo.\r:t an? tdo. ue er "r¥tyin;g' IJ.l€ldnd tl e niClIJi. •

S~)'yidt1~1a A.bu HUIL1 "inlh f../.;e narrates Linn 'lhtf -"t,o_ph,_l ~I said, "',\\ifhon

the ImJIH :' il, , "Ohaitia - fr{u/JJdh(, hi Irdaif,tim' l : (hJ'(fltaA lteen" S,1l

AWeelj. : ,:0[" one W~lOS~ A ~,~;r . n ,,-'O~ n ~idc;:,; ,v1th 'IJu l If I he. ~\n,~'I-), h;' w i ~ I have a,11 his past sins fr~u',gi "len, ""

S~l)!yidUl~a Abu l-lullir,lh .~ narrales nUll ~hc _' ruph'¥i $ s Jd.

"W~mEn' the Imam say'S ~·Ghaitillt!{J.qlldlwobi i 1:(Jilzilt,p: .~ f{j'1ailuff.lllcen ' s,ny ,Alit t~'.i. . .ne ~l1deled b~ angels )' Ameen I1d II\c Imam says m ej'~- 80 OJf.~ ,_ lO~. Al~leen (;'OJI[[ci CS W~(~~I [hat. f '111 allgC~Is.l 'l'[t;, 1! iii, have h'is [list. sins r'Orgi vcn, ,11":

Sa)! y iduna A bu rn::~rundr'ah - relaies tn ilit l~l:e P ["Ollb~'~ i#r ,\II,/'OU 11:

teac IL us S,il, >fi ng • Do fito,1 try ['0 ~ utdo the' Irn( ,",1. \~lhen, be pl~uno\.l m ccs [h~ lak.beer. you . ~ y. it also: \ h, 3;m h - ree]'Le. ""IV ./a i'b(ltllh.ell~· ltielil, s~~y "',~ii'i. \tC'''J'' when be performs rhe l'll/.;"U you do ~{ alsc ; and when ] C says • SUnI',i .AU th« li m'tlii H,ami(/~'h ~;al · A U(IIUmmUl l?n~ bema I ~ r·uf. f,/tUJ'I(j" .;"1'

",' enn 00 deduced from the ,~[}O\~ h ~(l clti I~he Amrum shor '~d 'be said silenlly ju t ~'S 'AUo.hluuma ,U.~~bb1;m~~ lakat Hamil' 'i ~ said il,cllnly.

SH)' )iidu'Il21 \V'.!l1 bl n L~ld[ " s~y~. "Th ~ I '- pllCl' I, -] 'U$ : n Slll""1,, \eV~;aclJl he recited 'i"GJJm:,ll .Wl.~qJ'!(/~,~oobi Alaih,im Walad~'u~.allt:eJj·! he ~'IL!d A,t~'j.&tm s]]t;ntly., ( -iwrJJHy~ ~rn-~e k'epl hi· voice silent.'] He also

s ) .J';J! ill. I ~ ~. n .kl~~rl 1 ... ·9" f! ,1, J\-hit~]li 'Ii 41 C},

I Ahi'EIIi d "H 74_ nill.ri,m~ 1246,. Na~i gQ1 md l,bFII HUlb3n ~SOL hna~n Nimm.'l.'j ::tn.ll'~

~ h11i ~._ : ~J , i'S S:dlJ rill (J.7'6 I,

I Mg_ooJ im, ,J, l •

,~bw binill ~lI . ~kl~~d s y." "Th _w are five thin.g. wh~d says sill:~ujy:: uS~iblwl'1"k AU(~/mmmn ... , "." ta 'al~_'~ Il'd~,~, A~neeJl-. and .] - I/(lhmnma Jl:a.h·b,a'~l(j w~'!' /akol Hamtf'" ._ 1

tb [a'iVT1I~ In ha ~'1l-1,.I~h,"tl

.., ""'". <[!

Abu V./it~,1 l'e('lO!Jr~s that S,aYYldu,r:t1 ,']I .. and S~)'y~,duraa AbdunR~ i, 1 ,f~s" ud . . wouM, WJl ~~y the ba,Sf.llaIn h. ''fl'G.~~· i'uth ur Arm:"el~

., ;$2

[Qw:llrny.

Abu \i\fail S;I; "f r: , ~h~t StLyyiidmu\ ~ lmar ,nnd Sayy'dun~ AU

wou ld not s.ay [ltt~ bss» I.dh1;~~ fa foi~I!, wudlr or 1'1,nree~r Ieud I,Y i, 2

.' 'Iymmg .l-ltneCll' '~~~~1ny W.ffLS ~~1L(!' "'ie",~ nl~d pam~l~cc, or Sayyiduna UrUll ".\)'yidl n~ An.,;4ll.~Y'il,ll!ln,~ A,brJuU .. h 'bin~~ls. ud . Ibr him al N.;}ldlt .. ~ Sh' 'Ihi;:t-a Ibl1~birn al Tal 11'· 1J11t III J<\bu H~Ulir~d"l Imam Abu, Yu. ~If .. lirm dUll Mill ffilk" ,] 1l1,H 1,l,1 ,M'l!~hJ~ III mad ~ i~bejli followers ~ no' UI'~ pe~p~[c of Kufahl. U was ~'llso the hU1l ~,'~! w oCI ~IDl3Jn Sbafiee' mild Ibn Jareer al

&:l Abu L)awoocl Th~. ~i!\1 ~024 •. i\llI'l.d r },1',. Tl'm_lidhi _4 '~; "~'~l.,mil in rJi I~nqfn ,ill l(,~flk~,.. ... ,lU UlQ' ~ "':, ·1 ... 2)9 no .:3. ~,' 22/'·15 00 112~ D.'UiJ mn;~ ~ 2.5 6 .. l ~nk~,1'11l ~,O! J .. ULl.1 e~dh qi ;2iM1. 'I kdd~ll 'I'e l~u~d1 i1 sahe Ia '1 m~ .(bi! liIW ~ru~ L

I Tmmu ~\Inh. nll~~.] ,~II hb KUnb ~~.r , \t~f"r«.,' I; (Jlulmim1Ins, r(il/llr iilJl '·~~d (!if n~~~ Aild!,mll "~r-~oq 2m .. llld Hm Abl S,f ~b~'1i 38,1,'. huan~ ,_"inlilWi ~i}'~' Ih~t~ ilS Jsu_. ~. 1 S st1h" cJ~ ( .. 8(1). ~uh lddlu~h lDh~Jfar /\ hnl~'ld '~illhrmlni, !O:r.)! thm h .. -l-amL~o:r,s. ~lL"C ~l,1ijl~!c:~~ Je t'l!')4-

I, N ~ _

!l TiUhul:tni ~m at ~l'n'd-tm~ f:.'J Kab,'ef ;;:riO 'C1~Ol~"d by l:L-didh ~lilI"nnli:'li:lilij :'1 ~ 08. Hafi~~1L L-:!;uidunlll:i :!k".ys ~ham U~·e' sfm~ll contalns AblJll St.-'el ali Baqc 81 u-im ijg j,'wUr .... ntic anda .,trl«MIli.f~ ~~hJhaddln Da'Ul;lh~r Ahmad UlllIIMiadl~ (T~siIi~ ila .$~~~J,u:j.J! 212500"

$3; fiB.1Ii JtI.[Q,:r :::J~~ Tl1Ibail!i h! Tnhdhe.b cd A ,r,fhaf r : quOted by :llttn ar~ 'rU]'b: ll~'!lufili 2nO. ,r-\hill OOI~ ~. 'l"alhaw! I f2.c~". MuhOlddilth I")luror .I\ili1m~i U~IJ Im~llfLi s :l,}':~ lh;'l.~ 'IS f:lll'l )lUf'.!) ult those 0 iltte., ~" bQQk:; Q . 1:r.a,d·,/1 -eXCC(n fur Abu S3i· til ;;] I n n~1 q~11 W'r1 . is .o1Jullt i.1I if ,.- ncl :II ,ml:t.lll/~ir,

~, I:or ·Iet~dls \1 hi Jli'lfl!. Iltd 1;; ~ oj n;g , 00 Che I\~ns i I,hi rs S-eti I~ at thloi e'tld or [mh.c

00: ',.

'f~ub8Jl"~ says. as quoted by , tiMI 31] to]"k, l'lum,iM ~h,~~t this ,. as [he pra,c.hce

of m est . f Ithe So~m(Jball and -,t~b~~ I~m I alG

l'he~l; l~_ P ai the has IJ"'nia11. (l1~'d rec it ' allJ' olluJl' :111"0'11' (;[}' ., {d l;J'(l$t ,ou" [lo,~,l,g 'Vlt.~,e 0," th)!f ere S'~!IQ.ll l'(j rse .. '/'-0.1.11. al,rJ' P(lYI' of tJ'1 Q[j1U'aj\l~

i\ II ~(;!Jb says. ~ 11 rhe QM 1,111]':

j'~ ... ~ Q ...

~1~1 ~ ~ (~ I~)U.

..

Thus" recil!i:wh~lmever n!Jtn;yb, ,1[}Ossible fro I]], 016 Qurnn.87

S Y'JI j d ~t[nirn, Abu Qa;1 allah i'.l_ nsrrates ~~HU dIe p' -ophet .I. \. euld ru ir·~·S1u:(~Jlr- at Fnt,ih",l! m dl Jnd':llcr ._"~';',~~.h. in the ~,A II,\VO rak'c),i' of Vhtd r and AS' ~ :saltill. ' nd fU d:m~'~ h ~ wOn.l~d (read ~().ud a n.o n, ,~ ~lnd) ullow us; 00 hear ~ vcr·. '. rn 'ht S,£iC nd ,two' ,rak"(Ud lite \\IQuld read

unly S~ ra~~ ,a~ FClli/ro/l'.

····"yymduna Ubadah bin ill Samit 4,-~ narrates that the 'fO.llhel. said, 'There is. no ,$''(,dah fur,' one whu dots, 1 ot reclse the mother (GSscl1H~11 I' hapter at F "til,a") [of the boo'k and more, ~ 9

Sayyidt~l1~ Abu Saeed m Khu~rl; .;t.l'ClatC:S 'Iha[ the 'll-ophel, sai, I,

o' ~ '11,,; k y t; 'ii/tit :.~ [ urily ~ U5 (Q.J~ seerati on is tllidl~ 1'\ dId ]lS, ~h:~orlS~CII,"tttif~, I-ct i'~ lhe _ !tltun. AmI, there is no ral(l/l f r one 'wh~jJ Ines not recae "Allm;md!i IU/,,11. ..' , he opening [c::h~p1!j;r of Ih' L,OO~ I HH 1 fl ,.Hffl,i~ in en ob,li;;,alol')1 O~ O'lh~r ~ rnl)~. 1:1 :'~D

~hn : d Tu 'k!JlII'lfUlfli"l .• j.

II LII', m~we d . milled. iIlIliseo~ ion or Ih:~s. ~Ol,h~' 5~ Ch .. pt~r ,5 Din p~ 11.

~ 1 II' i\;'1 Lli'J.ji1Hliilnil 7 lim"

t\,1utitl m 45 ~ ~ Bll~ .. In • ; ""s.

1 M lIr~11 m ;l]l4" Abl,i n \\<ood IL2 3 ul ~bJ~1 H ~bb{1tt1 ~ 737+.

4,~

q 'OiZ~ tire ])Ifiayllng litl ,(" "'lJ!ng,J·'ffado.l~ the» yo.'I~" ,SiUJldd llo't '"(tad ,(!ny,tizil,lg be/dttd tile 'n~tUlt eSlut~iall, whU$lf JI.,f! is tllul"bly.

rc,cit.ing tl~e Q,lU"!lJl. ~

.l I,atl ~,ays:

~ J (:.... '" ,;r I

, ,.. '" " ~ ~' ,"'"" '!III," i('" I "'1'" ~;-"

~~ ,J!"---T~~ ~~~~,J;J ~;;'~.)~~'~'I~

... ~

And wh n th_ QUI, '~ i re ei ted, I ~ste~~ to ~ [ auerui lfe:~y ilnd remain silenr '~.t.Eat. you Hl3.Jy receive mercy,~m ~

S~yyidlIJ1" A.'bu, r ~ur~il.h ~, ays, 'Th ,mro',ph, l ., [tune!, ,Q 'Otll~ n ter ~, ,1(fJa/l ]~~I which he had reelred h)udl,y" He enquired, "Has nrq,:), one of you redt 'dbebwnd I~f);e)';" A I!UiIlJITlI replied, ~~1 did.' The Prophet .8 saJrnd~ "I say,: l:ll~nliU is ],~ 'w~dtru me? ill .il,tiirill being contested for rh. Quran, After' me [PI pte heard d~ii· f' 'm me PI ),ltlEm " I:he~. ,~,c,p8d reci t~I]lg with him (be'~l ii'lld hlml in :j'hose ·01,,/, i. wh lc t~ be wou ~ d pr,tr)' I (nmd~ly .' ' ~

Si\yy~dl1!nla Abu HIJ.rn~:ai,ltmh ~ reports Ihilt Elm!!' Prophet fil said, "The Imam h,~ been ~lPp' inlted '. tho he 11):1)' b ~oUoWted. Thu ~ when he S'llyS: the laibtf!r. ~;'O:U1 'sa)'" it also, ~~d '\\\fh._'n he recltes fClf.:Jtin sllent, 9"

s~, yyid I na Abu M't ' a a L Ash ~ ari 4 says~ " I he Prophet * ·t L' il,g:~~l [~5 [h.fIJ~ "When ,] Q.U stand up for "faye! one of you should l~u~d fhe rest, ,1nd whea the r I mr re hes rem u~:H swleflllt.·~ ~

9' ;11 /\ 'rile f 11.2(14.

9~ M.am. ~'94. A IUn . I 77,60. Ibn M;lj~'l~~ :Hsa'bu 'D 'I.'!,' ~ ~ :8::t6., T~rm~I'.lhl ~ 1.2 •. nd Nil J9.19.

001 AhDtKI~ 9:5 L AI~' ~ . .- ed hy Ahr11r1:!d b~nl '1. ]'[00' rmd A:M bin UUlm.:i!cl'[n ~h.d'

1~ jlS (;L~i{h '!/Jt.'i nil :ll .ttl'lie. h ![itm~'d' a (~~iDlted by l~ou~rll.1"C 1111 Mltf;fl'i: ('ll Z~~fJ~/r ehapt~ 1.5'0. 'ladl j!th 31.3. N~lrr ~p ::.1 0' by Hm M aj~ 'I 8· 6.. AhlJ, D.a}!I .... OCXI 6O;l" N usai 9.1 ~ ,&_ - 2 J ~uj,d taawi 1#2117. ! U1.;:ml Nim.nli.i &iity1; ! I l its b1.~'rfi!'d is .'falt~i:.. A~1l<1J1:'1R!lli Abdul ] '~. 'P! ~ u ~kilimawi cnm~g " ~db a;mc]l!u!l~s: i.n ~ Ii IfJ~am a~1 K(J/.tm~. ~i [tiS h~~~ the luu/; III is. l}U1 h"l~t~c !Jncr ,.oD i n~, ~~ "ullff . r ~'r ~l.l«'Intli \\!hQ Ik'l.'e . I ~~liiI ~I, il $(J,hu~~ ~1l~lud ~I.S.

n~~ll1 ,Ahm~d, F.br dti'tfli~:s of AIIOOF!l",I~1 Abdld, HII1)' luc~lnl ~". -,. lir~. I~al'ni~:g :lnd, ~.ror~s St"C III b.iCJ.grophi~.s soelt~1 ;:][ 1he ,e Il(l. gf the: ooo~.

~ Ah1nn~1 [9224. M,~d i m 404 (. . ·pm (1,1 a ~ongf'1' !imkel'~ J'" and, Ilbo M~~li1 '8 ~ '{ .

42

Abu '~f~il reports l~nt S[iyyidl!n~, AbJ~ll~Jj, 'II hln ,'., a ,Iud \! as

aske , aboul reciting h·;ehind the Imam, .~e replied. ~R,eJnabl si~el1" for Ull.!! re,c'l[ation (of the Imam), Fo:r indeed there is a duty in ltal-ah fo . .. vl ij eJl' til· I ami 'S'iJ1lfr~i 1'1 'for )'OU.' 9:

N a.fi" lliCPO:ts t liQJt when Sayyidulrt3 A d,u]hllh bin U mar wcu ld be

~skei. Shou d one recite behind the Ihnanr:JJ11', he would I pLy,. 'W!ken ~ In!!; of YOtl prrays behind the Im,aJM then the 1111.3'm'·s .re-ci~,i!L[~on 10:: ~l'Inlciel r for ]m[itl1~. Willen he p'1ys MOlf' he SllO~dd ·recmh.:.,"' Nan adds, • Al . !u~lab b~n Ui:'L'lil' r wenld not allo:c'l~e oo~lnd rhe 1~1flm,,-'%

S"l,>~yi(l~n Jabir bin AllJuUa'] 0& reta;rc.:, tlurt the Prophet ~ I said. • )m:! who prays behind an InfiLJU j the 'recitation of t.he m:a~m is

";L'IITk:ielll for hhl,\.'~

, ~ I'Ll I'll. ~i~ruh~"lrlilf~la{~ ln ~l ~ (.II M·U'IiL·.rjj~.i:I' ~, 2Q &. ! 22, 'ill<1j~ A~ii Slmih::dl ,1.1 so. :;JJU~ 1ialUl\'Ii' i "..:17.. Jm3-ill .. illlml.wi. s.;vs.169 U ~~ tt j, f,c.'tlissll1.'t'e'D"

. ~

, ~'1~~~t 19.t

" t m. m . Ml I~, Hah a'S ~d i11 ~Jlt"" Mil I1lld ' KJn ~fl I~O' ~I d ~Ii! JtHfI'i tIl M'I~~I~I~,,_,I U334: lrmuRl, Ml!h~m'!ll'ln ~ in ~n~:'l.ij':d "lfM-m'{j ~ 11' wlltl nn h:~~ KJr(i.!)Ir3~ ,'JIJjP"." III I wil~l an f ,nad ~, ~~a~"tI sd~t(}'~ 'hJIy U~llidh 13-~ r a~ De 11 a~1 J\ i ni :,;IJIlId Inmm, t\'i! ~M~ 3{14.- Also ~';CPil)[I!.\eiJ..' by ,Cbn Abi Sli:i1it'tab :U,illl wi th ,aglll ,ismal d~s~iFL~1Ii1.Jiah'uh hy Ui~~ ;a]. "·,ukli.m:liani '2f21.8· Ahml.'tdl ~, ~~}l3:~ Abd 'bill H!lnn~lid UJr. O~ AIM~l~ bi ill M; u 'c· wilt. ~ .s,fJr~~r~ b'IUr:~,1 as. qtrmwd !bll hWl~nl . -i IMruw~ 36~~, Ilm M ~l~h 8,:S.i(]~ THh~l'] II ~ 7 '\\ ~ h IJl) i !'lad t1".,'(~;r . I sa J' Y "'. :3 Ii I, ~~II [~'m~1..a. 1. . ~ sntlomxi 'in U~ i ~ I~ II ~ ~IJI!Ii: ,nJ .Y1tr,~ J~ .id(il~1I\I\; (II i!.IIUjl~"· ~ /2 ~ 1: Jg~~ n~~n:'l J,l 2S91,

• I II I' ~.lih~n, ill l1il af Dil «(f,I(l ,.;, Jl.l

·i I ;U1L11q~1'I1I~ ru 21'S .& 1"! ),,2_

'I jJ:Jtf.!!.!.qul~i ~Z'2.~ &. ~ ]:3G.

III I,~ " •• 'li ~Il ~d j\, ',llatR (II IIw~ j! '~l4U ~dI 1b,)1 iHa:f1dh Hai(h~niHi 1/1 n. ],tlfi III

! I ~I i ~h~un\ ~)' ~Ili t the Jt:mD(t om"! • lilas r "roan, , A . ~ i \.iI,lh' i" Jl mroo .

II [) .. m) U'llii :1225"

111\ D:lllD~li.II.IlI~ ]234,.

I' L ~:lr'lil1!lqul"ni ,~ 2'.1 B;.

43

l1JJtM:i;(t'(nh such ,~"S, those ,0 boys stressln g l~lle obJj,ga~ iO~ll ,of Surah m ftuiltll,t, are rOT 1[l1~ Imam or the indlv:id~t~t not the 11ul'Q'tlae~~. Irnam TIr,m:idbi, h~'I<.5 qU01(.;{j Imam A lunad who, c{]~m~Je:n~.od Oml; tJ]e all ove htide'e1h (There is !If~O .ralah 'for OIn~' •• _) by S~y,iJ:'ig' !11~iJs. 1'$, 'U f be i's alone.' TJhJts is also Ihe view of :hli3arl1lJ J\Jb~~ ,Harnifab]l lrr~fU]flril Malik, hn~nil, Abu Yusof~ Imam ~rnul)9nln]Cid; their r"OnOW~IS 'Imd '~~e clear ~~IHlj\l},fi'llJ 0' 'thiC Hl~~~~a,; ~~

\~'nhb bin K,~y$~I.l :OO;porl'$ [:bia[ 11~ beard, Sa)f),jdunf~ Jabir bin A!bd:u'llah • ~,y~, '!Hj~ '\:wrho :plll~i!'S, one, J'Cjk'lal1: ill whl,ell he does ~.](]~ [mci!~e SUnl~~! al ft~'~~~1alr has in fact not p]1~,~ned :lII1. all, l.ull1il,e\$s he ls behind ~~Jl]1 I rnam, ~ I.C~

l 'Il"e,~~! ,t},is' ree itati(J'!I,~ ,i:s flni~~I.~,erd:, lYJlJeat tIlle' t'lk:ij,(;eJ~.,

Abu S~ii~lf1r1L,1~ IJcl~utas, Ithiillt Sayy.id~Jllm Abu H:~I~ail~h ~ would lead them in sala/~'" aln~j pronounce ~hc Iflkb(]'Cr ')l/l~em]e'~I'\~ he. row or ~6U (~I~I~JQ n,k'll", O\li' prr()stu:adon). lhndllg completed f~;~ ,'!J(11(JIJ he '\)l,rTIulcl, turn =:ftlrtvUlfl)d and say, \.A~]]l(mgs~· you my salah is the closest to' ~]]aJ[ of the [Pirophc[ ~. l' liOO

S~lyyi'~h:u'U11~l, Abdullah bi,fl, MfiS~u(1 ~ S3yS. "The Pmpihm ~ would ~tiy 'I he t,(J'kbe,(n~ a ~ ihe l ime o,f each r! s~ ng - de${!C:n~[~ sl~nJd~:ng - a n~d siu ~~lg. il:ncl so wo ~~]d ,Abu B;~k r, U:IIl]ar ,m\ld Uil~h[[Ml:U n ." '" h~~

,AL~'\f,~, ~''J,i/J1}fJ'ut t:.aisi'l;g 'Oll~' ,',q,I~'d~:'

.Ahl:iJtnah liJC;,PQ([:S ~h~lt Sil;yy~dlmil A.bduH8!h bin ,rvbD~:~ud .;!~ sa:id,~ 'i'~~lu;Duld ,ntJol~ lead ,)!'lou in salah in 'me manner of: the 'lP,uropbel ~,?' He UIC~I! pftlyed ~utd did not raise 'his ~~~]]di~, ex cept ii 11\ li'he oog~llln ~ rlig. 'I O!Jl

10$ ~e 'Ch~p":.c:r 4 ~[) ,!Jal1' TI~NC f'H funh~r d~Hl'i ~~ un lhL'io (,op~c.

. KiS ,M~mik I S8; ,;~~i~ 'T'~Trliddh~ J J;'" -

~.oir.' .""[ .·1. 'a ,,.''i.! n l1J e, • "11'0::'"

.~v a Ill. ~ \~Q, ~~ ~kt\.n~J..n 1.,1, and ,MlA$lillill 300,

lJ)i Ahlil!l~d J.(j~1'1, !JMIi'L1ir~, J14-9'1' Tifi~ilii!:hi 235 and NIil~@ij 11-19'. Imam T~~m~dh~ ~:t1I~fS ~h~d. ;iI, :is a JMI:S(~~j $(~J'fr!-e/~ iM«i""X!,r'l_~

1m h'niim Abu Ho'lin[i'~mh:@ flI,;'C9rdtd in j'l~~~~ .: ,,~~' {t1(MaN~td ~ 1.1.55. A,I~ ~pOclrDe'd hy lrb [~ Abi Sh~iOOh, i1~ ]ilJi~ ,(]i Mt1~WUI/:144:1 3S '1o'~111 'ul':l tri:-- M,rd~~{l(1 3'23; Ahmad' 3672, Ab~1

S:ay)r lduna Abd d1k1h bin I· mar $ I1m'jj'~le.s that Ul'e j}1Ir'Ollhel ~ w u U ~ d r,il i se his hands: when b~,grull m i ng j(l.l(;lJ~' and thel~ mo~E rai se I hCll'nl , _ ~u

ji~am, -"

11~~~'f)ocl148. Tirmidtli ~:57: N i):;;a~ hn, ,a~ M=!jlabt, UJ5S ~Uld iii~~) in ,(~~ Sl!'J1mi al ,({cdȴjl r"Il,~ & ~.O~9;-; Abu Y ~t]I'IR ,5[)~~O ,& .1 ~~2. and ~ailm'\lg 2$3]. [un ~ [i"l~,,~~n 211M. ~bn ~I 11~~-kJliuliifini, 2J II:) ~I ml~'N:nlill Ni rn;'l;~\lt 4-01 lilil\"C ail &d~l~~1 the 'rG~c~~.,rlJ ~\ft~/uYll.

I I N~lmi [026" _\ 'nhrnk~ith I011lfcQ;F Ahrn.ud C1hm(lf!i~ j~y,~, @;'~ ~ t~~ft~, lit~ nii'irr:m:m~ ru~ II! I}';!l!: 'iJ!lr bu'~h 'fhd:;h;~rri ;-fll.H~ MIj,!!~j ~I~l lC~pl Suw::'l1.d 'l,'I" h 'i f,; rhirJ,~J~ • uU:wn.dcl !l'll!d '\ n:;.~ In tli'ho is H thkp.fh 1il~ur. ~fH~ !I.:If MI!II8UIl!ri.

I II T;dM':.\i I f22~4, \"'Ith m"Q cl i ff;01:'C![lll i:wads. ~hihm,d Rh~lr :~)h,'1!fa!, A~JI1[tmd U~hmt'lId ~~5 [I '" !r1~,.,,--:.c4 ,Cjj;'h Imfi'i';i3mr of lr:.othi itl~e~~' ~'tUwtI5 ;md pt{Iiv~n 1.1'101 'I:h~f' ~re all amhelllbk vt ~,

I r" A~}{)tu~ I;,u.t:aq 25)]. Ibn AbJi :S~m~ooh -:M41l AhY [)\iLwdoa f4i!)~ ,aud Abn 'rn"l~lll II h~',If, ~ ;(tJ~l. !(~ I &. 169~'~ ~D1cl Tn!i1, w.i I t2J4,~ Alla100:l'lh, Anwa~ S~n:J:n ,~~ K~linliril ~:1!Y;S, II q~h(H!.:id by Mub~d:dlich rU~l!f HI :(Hrn~cmri '2I4J)l, "llu~ ~h(J<n,. ~hl'S ,~-n~~iOJi ,~ ~h~ 1.1J1 ie f~'Om 'II~G =m;'le ,~F ~i!lth J.rfl,(II}~J~~ ~~J~t~ hiStfOOcul dam ootlc'l,fllCiollS nt;:t~ ~l is (i.l'J"Nt~ ~Q [I I' ~~~-C ,fMifkf:lil .o:f' B,('Iro~ {bi ~ t%.~ilb~ ~ IlS ~,'idef~C~ "'I.!~~h t~~ aiUiihcnlki oodi~iQi!ThJll '1.\0 i ~lli~'Ii\g (af "h~ 'M;'1'Uldi '~1I0[ 1,IIi!~,~C lh'Q~~l .a:~in' l .

II I Uai~l~q,! in, ,at Khi/.d,flJ'Jif~l: as qllJl!I}'~ed by ~~I:r;lldh, Z.1i1~a<ee l, nn, ~flf.lli'ht'OOtdil.1h Y'!IJimf ~l;~ 1 ~,[ [mOlilWi 2/498 qP'D'l&s Qadhu Abi~ Si~lldtli ~1~0' ~~~. iUfrj (j~' M,a,,~J,~r~ .at LntNffal~. ·1'11"1 II ~~t view [his lttN1~,rh ios; Ujifd I)lJbtol~~'l~,l $rQ}geeh;' Itlle ai~SiO' ql!l'l)ites Y4'~6 AI~~mah Am'rtil.1j" ~~h.rli J!I 1{.'1&'hn~iri, as 15~l'Uiligl 1T:1:1iI~"t(,f\l'lr,rtd InItc.nIKmed h'll '~he Il:rJdn'€r:j l~iA~amb al RfJ ·y(f.:h' 'b). II !rr,I~~~; ':t~H~) is ~trlltf!j,~,,; for (]elil~l~ (If I:L':UldOO 7:.aH~e~'~ ~lfe. ~G'm~]fig rull~ w~r-ks,

t·(,! I'I!. b:~jltt.'iphl~ ~~t~ij)nl ~t the ~l1ldl (J~ Nbc ~k.

4S

Ab:bad the so n of Say}:ridilm nJIL Abdlillah lfurtll 7ji.'b~k ~ relaies llrn,~ilt w~,en SUlJlj[~[i!8 s cd" i, the Pf()phle~. ~ would r~1se ~~ is hands tn ~~6 beg'i'imill~ and tiltH. ~io.iruse, t~leln ~g~~n 3J[ £tny ~.~ me until he conl[ple1ed his p~llye;r. Ii ~:.~

S~yyi!thl:na A bdru~ I ~~'h hi n MU'~'LlJd ~ ~~.yg ~ "',1 'P~!iB,,~e:{] beh i ncJ, It[te Prophet ~i' AblUJ Bakr, ~Fitd Um~lr . Sind. [ffiltey did. ~ot raise their l~alruds eXQolU W~ll, beg~,fD iiilrnmlS. salalt,"' D:i.~

A:S.'~~Ql:d r;:~Y~h "'I IPi'ayed Sldtdi w'i~h UnUl1r bin 3]1 KhitU~;~ub '. ~ncl he dlmld IIlbO~. r~~i.:!ie hi s 'Imnd~ ~hlru I~g :njjY pU'r~. of i,aia.~,,, excelll in the lrieginni:mg.1< .Abrhd ·~~··a1ik l(o\Rte of the ri~u:rat:or:,;} S8y~; 'J also obse.rvled Sh ~ ~.bi~ IUIJah i rn t ~ndJ I~h~itl n~~ I~,i Sling rl ielr JJ'Hlld~ e~'(oep1. ;..,v he il

b "-' -I' ~'J'.IHj;

~gmnmg l U!!I r SG'l,(1"I_

[~r.ah]~n :~I N~1.hll!il1 .soy~\. "A~dulhdl bin M~~~"udl 4P wcl)Jld. II!1t~t raise ht~· hands in anJi pari!:' of "a{ah e .. l(icep~ irll the begilmiu1g." ~ 17

AM.hn bl n K~!laillb narrases fl'OJn hls father til f~~. S.ayyid~na A II i ~ Ui"OU ld fa$~e hii$ hands a'~ I he n:l!'t!.\ wkb~.(M· of. s,attlh" He \\fOU I t] not l~~i~ them ::aJ&.~i!:'l ~:fter t h~s" I ~~

Il-I: Baih;::q~ ill Ihh: i]llGliitifii:n·ur ,R'S !Il]ll.;;l'liOOI bll I-!hmfillh Z;l~B.:a("C l r21 ~ AHarnah AI.l'!,'!t·,LU' Sh.'iih :11 K~j5;im\iri s::ty:;; ~I .. (IUOtOO iilil M::t"ariF nl SUfi. 'It 2149'~1\ i [ In~'iC 1iC.5¢~d II:~' lfrI;~rrn LiflIN: !f.Irh"·! ~ ;!H'j'fM~ ilnw ~ he 'I,}(_'Im;:lu'!>io.l.'I, ,!}f l!!:e m.~~rc~~ W,~!i Ihfl~ ~I! ~~ $tJJr,{'(.~ .• ' fnc. alse adde-cl. "'II. .~:s. f1J plJJ'M ~~mr.mj' lHT(iJ'.e.t!m,,'

I u Abu 'Y'~' I mAIl ~OO~). 'nlAnttlllJtl'(i I ~2iD~ ,1;i1lil~1 U. Hh~1-qi 15~4, Illilj a~ ·,[,~U'lwm~ni. S;.~i t~~iii~ this i:r;; a ftJ.) ylt1 'S'upv!.1I~·ing, U'.!IE'rfiI:iuu" '1ioo h~r,d.e(!:#1. c(!a't~lill\!) M!i.1hauill;u!It!l.l ilI1n JiLIl~dr hin Si1IzyrnJr ~J n rna'S. been tiJl!:clmftldl ·rr..rc."k br :sonll.~ •. 11'(:li;abte: h'r.f oU~en:- M'uboiU:fdilh Dhar;ar

- - _ ..

Ahm:ad . -lI'lJlI1n~'lfni .~/67 di..Ii!~I~i!ies lis; t1~~ilhHl ~~~ li!us,lh W (liJiIiil '~1'Hdin~ lh~.t ~~i:'ll h~d(!·a.-Ih ls ilit ~~. sllmS~II.

lID ~@n Aw ShlJli'lj.,h 24·,54 m~~J T~b.1Wi I f2l1. [i~irun tn11.'u'!,l'i $,a';,'8_ Ih:U jl is 1.1 J€lfi'CCh

-... -_. . .

l~ J(k.r:ih. lb~lI ;J'I T:Uli'b;UIU'I{If~i 's"~r~ 2l] ~9 thJ-~ '~hib. ./!if~iJQ4'$ i!f<. :sr~'iJ' ~ ... Jl ·~.;;:or-~ ~1l8' to '~h~ c'O.ri.r1i~,ions of M U~~i'Iii:1L Ilaf~(1 h 1~1Im Ha.iru- !Sal's. ~:ru {Il lJ.j:I'a,yrj,'-t !f' 113 [IUti 'i ur~r l];armralOJ.s 'mre ~1i;1 Ub~i!uit.

U~· ;i, IL .• ~· 11PeI, ,.<:!.; "§ ''''~'l<~ '!!I, '" 'I!..' (l.~ • L_lL ... "Ij.... ,;~ ,~-" "" '! ""''"lIi'OI' ~' ~.~. • - - A.utlIl!It ,,,;azwq =,;;!~.']_~.~.~" !I.Il'l';il n~I' ~1~aJ~~'W!I, .""iT'''t)i a!!iI;u ~.a!I~?q. '!ti,~~!!,,, ~n~:am ~"1:3mJ.'\.'JJ1.

:S:a~''S .hIlI jms iiimlli us; i~qyid ")8 r-y gOOd :inti _a~~~,.s'Ol.

:~ t~ ~ Hl~m Mlth[Jfrm-n~tI ;~il _~i~ {11 _fh.tJ~'j,f'If1r,fi IOf!.', ~b" i\bi SIK~lhf~l~ 1~42. "~~~Iy,~i 1122$ ~I~I!;I B3ilulA]u 1:5.35. Hafjtdh Zaill;~e :SfL)1'S IUml. it is a is-alr.a,,f.r. IfmJ~er.h 1/40'6. l~la(i(lh ~lbn JlQjar ~l. hi ,ill IJSro~"tlJJ lit ~ ~ J 1Ii:il~ Hg ili~~QJ;S ruE ~tU~li:ellllm;r.c ~~rid Jl~I:~ll~:b is:Hdlr. ul.

.A.b!:ll &re~.~Cl SilYS1 ~1"he C(J~iOp~~[O~lg. of bOl~~'i Abdlll]'i,al~ hin M~s"ud and A~i 1>". '~l!ioudd n(D'~ raise their lunub except in the b~gimling of w.d;f~ll,.· 'W3J'kee'~ (li]d~ .• ",And Ul~)' would ~ilot~ raise them ag:ab~.·' ,II ~,~

~1uJ~hrud s a.~~ 4i~ '~[l1,)f~] ~(1,lo'h bell i ml rn h~ U nl~r ,~. nnd he "'O\ul.d not raise his hands ill~: strlah except at the time ~)f' the 'fiJrs,t t:akbtter,.'··I:W

Abdld A~ee'Z ibhl [:.ruakeenl.]. s.a).~" '.~ S~W lbn 'UlitUtr ~ raise his hands ~u the' level of his ear.,$; 3.1[ tl~Je tilme t]f II he f~rM takbee« in ~l~e beginl:li~~: ~~f ;\¥da/~" end h~ dlld 1110[, rai so I hem ,~~)ar[ from '~~~r~'h ~ III

H ~t~a;i n bl n AbdL~~ Rahman ~~bwbeS," • A'!.l!,fJrI" M U't M'urr~h ,cn--~d 1 1!,rj shed 1 ~u~h'il tin ~~ Nakhai, J\;ml' seid ~ '~A Iqo:m~h bin \VCJJJ 1 :a~ Hadltutilni II ~;'H:nnod. 1[0' me frcann h~,s f.i}.t'he:r ~ that be. ~p~~y-ed ;'I'(ijfall '\Wiltih the l~I:,o;phet '~. He saw him rs i se Ids lu~tld~; when he saitll '~~h - ttllkh.~,.~ 'when he bowed irno I'Uk'lt and whelm he rose [~:1.~-eJ;(10~11."· 1bmbh:n· ·i,>li:p]i~d. iii do II~ ot k~M)W. He WijlMlJ,f rH,s~i:b:ly :mliO'[ h ~~vc seen lh~ F't(ll~'~ et ,tyt. (nay except un tlbla1c day and 'I ~]li $ rernemhered th is. Or hwm. (Or~l'IJe.liwjse)1 ~~. d. Um i\,hlS' ~~d ~ and his (;ompmn hJ~~.:$ ll1I:ot .re u~1t1 mber '~'his: or ]~ i m? I have ~~ot I ~euill'd j l Irom ~:ny one of £~~ell:~ml. Tlu,ey "Ii'fU ~DM only. raise fhel t" hands kl:ii,

. . .,. r . a m -I 'J,r. " i 12:2:

the heg~lrmmg 10_ s~/a~, w~~e:~~ ~aY'II'I~S Ue'la{!!.{leCf •

II klL'Y!l .[11, ,A lni :Sr:LjfS: run ~j,Jj'df(J til Qori ,a'l; q.'UlQ'~ by Imam Ni ll'iaV']1 4'!J!~. '1.'1I1e ~~'dtflJ' (Iff ..-\.! .. i'liliii biiilit K11~t'lill)'~ hfUh} ,rh is. ,~ahiUiJt accQrdiuli ~(Ii Hit:: ~on'liHjam @f M~llillili, '

II') I:~'~, .Ab,i Sl~ ~jlw:lll 2~~6. lbn :il~ ·fi1!lv.kurilwni ~~y$! 211 ]1 ~ Lh!tt ~hi~ t~ !l ;retl[ #h'f;';(!'~ ',mUI7~,

I 1111 i Abi S.f.1a;ll,3h 24:52 ~ T~b~1!;"'i ! 12251. Tlmfidh ~lnd r QI .D~!C'n n~ .t\ini t~.!1

I f~j~fcMh~ml (lmri Sn71 L1l'iJ!: ~m~ bn(ul is S(~he-e-k.,

! 'I I m1u1i~ Md.ho.lflI~~.b!ld. in (11; .lJ.j'i~~"trU(i I Os.

I .' h'!rl ilI~~l Ahla H ;nlif~ i1$ ~0r;~~1.iQ1 iii If:~m .~' ~", M'~'~~1'{~ 1l3.:5), ]:I'!;l:]~ M~Jlh~u~~Jm'ld iii III .. ~,I~ M:\m.'tliF/1Q of. which Muh_n@(ti~1h Dl~QHlr Allilliuld UthrrHllil! :say~, '[nall jlS n a.ffi;lior~ ~re "ml~ l>tntbc (tlS). AI$~ ~,i»~~J 'by 'ffih~1 i I.n,4 •. 1JffiJ!1R)ii!E[ii ~,~Os. and Bj)j]W~~~i .HJ'@.

47

S,ayyidt.l na J~'hi r llii n $t'UIlurnh 4fo !$:&JS I "Ihe P,J'1(}J)h~!' ~ c ame OIlf ~t1 tIS saying ""\-V hy is :i I that I see y@n raising yOfur hJ:aIUllds; ~uS though llley are the [ai~'~:s- of ob~lh~iJJ[e horses? Remain >C1!,hm im ~Y'laIJ,.~'I1J

.

AbU! Bakr bin ,A.Jy~,sh says, ~'T ,ha\~e net seen a single lafje'el1 do i~:::

raise his hands ,at am:y t hne other duat !:~U~~ fin;[ t{;j'k/JiUlf'. 'i 12.I~

Mluthadidi [~1 DhaIfUir ,1:\'hn'Hllcm ,a.1 U~,hJ:rua:nru W!,ih;~,

'·TIlJJ~s s:nQWS l,bfJj~. Ute raisi ImJg of I.'h,e h~Ulds '\,o/he n bawilll! iln~(~ nrt ~'J and \l"~ f.!1rJ ~~ ~~ I~ fr-{jdiifl i~. 'W:I$ li~Ofoi:~: :1 ~ kell' i~lt'U lri'n~J;li[ced 'Wi~e'ly ftrin~ d~~ Ih:!lfl~ ©f ihe r{jlb~'Mn! fur Ab~J B~kr bi!~ AJ'y~sh '~~~. one of l,h'O [,b]iCJUnJSI I 'cJ.b'i T/Jltll:eel~. ,~htUk Who was: ill!io ,a pm!illii~len I, Tab"j" T~'biqc' 'say·s. as ls i!(':;cor'd$d in (J:~ A::f,.rlMI'(;I'!nitloi~\i:'j'h itirl Krm,v~l!j ",I do liliol k nO\v o,r :ti'i i,sing the j~'ffi ads i U, tJJfi,)~ tak1:J{mr 'off S(~'lffl~, I~~ithef wMI $1 rising I~ bo,\~i I~~ 11;);JC;Cpt hi} II'h,~ ~imllfng ,vllile n he ~hQ~~~cl m!i~ hi $ hnnd~ ~hgtn]y.' ftj Ibn al QilS~~1;] alsQ S:fI(y3~. ··ll~,h'i~lg the 'hauds W3.'\ ~e-ak ,in the "i.c'iiIt I",f M~!j k e~cepl in lh~ Ibtegim]~ ng or £Cd(J;I_'" This ,:ru~~o ::;ILm~~ ~hnl' the r,:1I ~Shlg uf Ihe h~n1.dfs w~s' g~ii1~nl;I' y n~[ :p;r:H~(ffiecd (hi~r,iiL~g lhtu ~~lue.'I'I~";;

Imam NimQjlwi :sa)"S;

"Ihe S(J'~(JI}(l/~ $ ~1J~d those who IC~mne' a~~L' them ilifJ~l~d h~ [his, II;:Q:C~U'd. A~ i~or '!he fenr Ic~Ji,p:hs, '~'h~ fniusing oJ th~ ~~:i~:wds hils not b~r~ ~1:oven: from [heffil (':.x)r;el'1!~' 'ill Lll.e' t.~:rrst ~'t)~,'f{~~, of l(fli]n_.i'(~Jil};II, •. .,f\ud Annl~

II ~'';''1,,'''. 0,.'1'" '11.,.., I,l-~. • Ii :;::F II:\Juu ~~ hi ~~-'1Il1l.1i

A.ft,er D11~Hirnll i ng me ~b O\rt; j~(I(lt}~tl.l of Sny y:idu na ,/\ bdul all bum: ~4~s 'iWd .;b Imam Ti'rnlridb i com ments:

I ~l Ahm~.d 2~'4S0 &, 2OS11. MVl:s~ ir~~ ~;JU~ AtHI, D~"_"'Dool 100(1, iUld N!l\s;~U ] ,I S~" I~;, n i)uIr.lliCif· GNp~m] aticn l)f ~hi'!]; '~U~dCliith see (]lI~t,p~cr '0 ill PanIl·Ui'.hr:ee ..

13"1 T;;tlti1w~ ~ t22li:, 'Muli~kHl~ D:Il[lJ[nr Ahl1il;fL'l1 lJlrll!lN:lllli ~3.}'i5- a:n.. · ~l:i 1~;{Ii1IilUQrs ;]~,e ~h<}~e of D!;nkJt~:'I1ii. ,~};l!Ce-pl ]bJl Abm D,~~~ nnd lh~' is I~J(j(;i'~ (t1gdi.e'nllg~V iMuhaddi'mh 'Y iJ:r~~r HI Bium pu;r~ 1h!lfS Z/~~9t4, ! I:r.;,~ its ~~~uJ is, Sll~Ufl'. ,#-U~'u B~kr ~h]j Ayyas.llt i O~ i)~ lh-i!: ~~:tlII1i'1:ors: of. ,13 ukhari ~ri'l d (! Il!!' rur Ih.c te1l'iJhel1: or Sl!I rym~ ~I, ~!1!nwri", ]bJJ. ,all :Ml1.~rnk

a Ijl cJ I rn am. t\ hm m!L. .

AI(ii "1Q

"'f1Lu:re is ~ fI (,iJT~l'I01~ ,of th~ ~I~I~' i'Vl(1~~~n~ O'.!a, the .~ullh(}1rily of .B~J:Ha bin A.zi1D + .AbduU:li:h bun M~"mlj'1 s • IUllfeeth is Imsal1, and mi1ny lof dl~ Prol?lltt·~, ~ t~~med c-omll\al~iQilf8 ~~~ of i:;h~ ~~fi'iC: 'i,i'i'~\V, i.c'" ,~~ han~ SbO!Ldd n~t, be l''aised d~~rilf~S ,sa.lfJ-iJ e~ooljit once in ~he hcgi nnil~~. 'fhli~ ,i,~ :!ilJlso d~~ v.i~w oJ Sl]~,; 'an ~ll1.l~,\\!'ri and tile people o\~ K~]f~n. ~

Not ralsl rig '~]];e hands except b~ the be,g~nning rof ~(,ltJh was lh6, k' own nifiltcfce ot S:a'Vyi(imlft Abu Balu, S~yYh11u:nlil U~N~j[f'. Sfll"vh:hllll!lil

II '¥ ~:,"'. .. . . .1 - -- -- - . - _ -. --- ~ . ,,,- ,; - - .1.. _. -t - J" - .

A I i t1Ji1tl 'S;jyy>id~J,u:1J~ Abdu'l ~3Jh b,i n :~1as "ud as ,¥e'~ as mara:)' o.1!ite]'$ from ~llnf)[lm,gst ttihe learned ,~(1Ju,!;'tI~' ~ as memicaed by' Tinnidh'i alb 0 ·",8. n, II;t-.J, ,it lso been 're~of~:rtod from S'~yyiidllllil Ibn U mar * and 01 hers, From, I( mo:m:g,s;t the Tl~bl "I,~U rut W~lS the kltOWE~ practice 0,[' ~he comlP~ull~om~ of S~~)ryi du ns A Ilii and S'aY,Y'udU na Ibn ~vhll:s" ru.a:dl As\vacl 'b:in 'Y ri,?jt;;(;d~. r\ 1'~I~~m ah htfl Qed S'_' [bml ~i'~ln tl! N:~k'lu~i. K~ln,'ithamnr~h. Qi.li's bi i1 Abii

II .' .11. 7 'il "'~ ~ ,1;..' m"a' 1'i.1~. ]- I H "" I~· W k .. _...-_.' .0(. ' ~.._.

~~'Illrl,1 ~ f"ij.;amu· la~ ,:j,~l 'a_ijl,~. ~ . t,1,ljiLm !i ia(,1 ~<.i ~ ~alJiilee~,_ ~ £tj~ I 1-'!l"~:SlliY:li IjjlUl

K u ~fuib, \l'inlJ~lll"f am of ~'he ft'qo~~al.l' and '(){~Qip!~e of :KIl'IJab, and miLII.ny in nlh~U' cltles, ]~. is also ~he lIie-'w and jlf1JlCtiOt; ,of Mug['iljr,n~ .. Hasan bln XiUm~~m, Sufyan ~I:~ 'fIl~;~l'WiT,i'i Ha~n~r b:b~ ,H£lyy" 'WtLke.e~ Ishsq bin Abl I~nu;ct Imam Abu [iatni~a;hi Imam lV~~li'k; hITiiUHllJ Abn; Yusuf, ']'In:m~~ ~'~ 1IlIh:i~l:1.].iu]j~d alid their full.('ll'l.wen;; ~ l~

~rr~uJl do W~l; iliZt;(J1 ruk J'u.

/" 11~~r] ~ay:s in the ~: [O~,}I Quran:

Oh )iOU who bel ~e'y,e::~ Bow down and prostrate, ~nd wcrshi P' lmu' tOBid. nu

t ;"'nSpitff rJ~r,'./J'j_' knee« 'I~~ii:l.~. the' flJ\~g.l!rl~ ('jI,'Ji9p,rettti, l(Jftfld' ,leepiflog tl~,t;,J b,(lc/¢ fJl:r(1ighf, ,~;,()l' tt:n;.llbz.g is; ,~1:eitlie,. l'alsbzfJ t~!re i:e'Q:d 1,;1,,"

1 ! 'ij ~r ihe liant'UjoiiS geS'Critlil1g: !1~~ p~I~:oe ~' ~he' ;1Jb-Ot~ 1~wbl"w,1. 'S:Jej~1 tIl ~l'~~~,on!'l,(lf o:r II hllil l~bl ~.H~~tb:.b ~-4~i~l. 3~,l4·.

J :illi!l! C~~ t}pu'!r I) 'ir~~ F>~ 11~~ 'fflu ~ (.h~~i1i~d d~~!l:1Si$i~~~ of lhh; tQ-pl~, I !IJ~ Hajj :'!ml_

49

l(}lfJel1.~,~,~t: it., l!.1.1,J;I~J"['fJ' tJI"(;'t~ ,o.,~~' enns tn~ (l:t$O kept Ire" tJt _viOll,"

b!,f),d/y .. ~JI ' - - - __:- -- - - --~ - -- ---

SmU~n a 1. Ha~'i',~d ro]ilte~ in It:he 'IQ~el' ~~,Q;{leelh de~€:JU)i Ilg S~y yidlnl~ UqbaJl bin Amr's ~ (IDe~llon'$~ml'ioJil of U'D!e. P.:op~mJZ'~'~ s ~ pr~~'er:1 ~l ~~lat ·W~~~~ he performed m:h~ :ruk'"" I:le. plae~(I, his :p~~hlrlS on hioS lkn:~es with hks fi[~ers g:Hg,iu'ly :I'!w\f: r, ~~uffi distanced his iUf111I~ f!~@:m hi s 'body IlJlnllil hs ~V~lS lnot]Oll ~!es~'· ~ IJJ

SaJyyidl~lIl~, Ibn Ab~a$. ~ :says~ · Wft.e.r~ Uu:: Pl'-'oph;Clt ~ w,o~11Q bO!~V' down i,m;o ruk'« (h~s back would. L1~ ~o s~iralgh'~ UiHilt) iif water was Fl nu r-ed O;"~[O ilis baek l~ wO'~11d ~~e~de llisl:e. ~ i:W

Sayyid1L'lfll~, Abu -lurairah * !i~r}.vrtg I~hf.!jl once (JJ irn~n entered ~he NwS;jid and pe:rifo[')med ~bli 5 ';'CI:~,'al1 wlli I!s~ the lI?rup:tue~ i"i was in I]U3 O([J\JjllU~:r [of tl'mle lm;;~~jitJ, He then gl~b~d !:he [~I)~bt!:'~, 'The fl'np~~e[ *' .retiuLrn.ed d~e ,g,j,"Ce!1 ~1~1lJ: ~~~d l5,n~dJ~ ·'Rem rn ,il~ld prn:y because YO'1lJj b~l ve not PI''£!. :rod. . The mil~n '''!.'en! bSI!I:::kn ,p:rar~d and then g reeted ~:f~~ Prophet ., iLiah~",he Prophet e. reiurned the gFe!.}1'i ng for a secoad li me, ;Qnd. ~~lidi "''R.eualfn ~~l!:~ Play beeause yo~~ have not p\ll",r~,y,r:d;,'~ On the third ~ ime LltC; ,ll1fU1 Stlfdl ~TeEld~ me, l! The ,[u.tl'pihet lh"" said, "Vhcn yOI'D s~mud. for rrr.1lyeJ,~ CCIl,l11ple'le the '~'1A11dlm, face the Q.~blah~, 11l!rofl~unce ~'Iu~. takbee1.'~ ,and rcene wh~u~e,ver Qtuan you 'm~,)'" :kfiOW. Then bow !cilli;)\\!,,~ until you ,,~Bie Jl:J)(ltioIILe$$ i n ~"uk ~'u., Now' ll:i'~~nd e~"fC t ami d~en Ef~l'~ d-!)W r~ il nd :reu~e ~nto [) .. .o~[ rar ~on. liten ri se f.11onl JlCJf~llr :fnu~tnni,OI~ ~J1d sJI. motlonless .. Then .fad L down m,g~~~l! :ami seule rul:1 to ~l'o~tJr[adQ.n. cThe~n rise UtlUW }~U ;S,~)i;Ul;d up !lmaru:ght. D.o this [hroughoul )f(lilJ.U Ji(;{i"ri:lf. tl13S

U 1 U~lllil.~ men, in n~.~i!i ',t. 'w.00~]fJ;(:n s'&iUilllM luck their ,n1(RlS illtil:i' [he !bOO)f :lind m.ot ~Fi~,Ad ~'h~l11i [01.ti:!,WitRll., -rhey sh.Ql'lld ilJS'lJ &i~~~p:ly pla-c!l1: 'tJl~alr ibl)nds iij'loi'.e.r' ~hci[ kncc.\ii 'willh d~l '111 rki~it'5. 'M~ n~l grn~ll Ihi1l~iI with ~1tCi ,fing,rJrs spru'MiJ, wide ~Irn. See Chap'~&:u 1: j ,illi hn Th!'iOO rw dC~l ~~.

~J! S~ Ohapttil1! 1 illi! P'al1: -.n1.t'e€"

131 Ah~n;oc_i 1(}5,28, i[)anmi, '13M, Al~u ID~'oud '863 ami 'Nl:J~iil:i: 111tt,ll6. liM~ml N~IIliI:t~v,i ~3,y$ ~ihiU its ,~:S:IM~d iii) :saJJce};"

l!or ;,~:zth-:irnni in ;tIl: M 'ujnm at K(,fhl!-a~ .11~d Abu Ya' h_tl a~ qu.O'ted 'hy I· I nfkl%J H.muJt~m_ru_t '2! I 2:3 w.ho mhls !h~t its 1Ill."lfrn11Ll\1r$ ,;lre ,;Ul(lteI!iJUii;;.

1 ~~ D ~_.ih • i':" -

,-- DlLiIlK! 1lI[,1 1lA190 & 1100.

50

~$;a.yy id~HUt, A bu Q,~f~~h~l~, • reJiMes, ~hal the Pr[).ph~t .. sal d, "The: wnr,· t of all thieves Ig. one. who :s'tei1l~$ [rom, his s,~:~'lalu:.· TIleji asked, '[& lh Prophet 'Of A llnhl HijJ~~r does he 's!["ea~ from his .fi1ltiJ~'r· He re'I)1 ied, 'He does no~ cOlr:npletG 'its .rt~k 'M or JHJj'!Ml. and nOa' does he ~ ~ rfl[ughiD.en hf~ b ack i n ~"Ij'k" ~~ I~~r ~/j11$'t.," 13~

The same t~fl!de,(!II1. ~!N18 al M) been rep orted on. rhe ~uil ho:rh:r Qf die !,I L ~b Ie Sl~/f(~oo.l~ S.ayyld~wn a tin' ma~~, bin Mu rmlllru~, 1 ~T S;ru:yyidml a Abo

I' lu rairah, I,)S ~nd 's,ayyi,dl!]lna Alnru Saeed al IKlnu:1ru-i ~"I~? .

s'a:).I}· i,dtH~~ AI i bb~ SbSiib{ffl~l .. ~ (wh,o '\V,ilS, P~U[ of a dcllegtttion) v eports: "'\Ve' e ame [0 the PTop1n~l ,., and :p]edg~)cl OUJ 4~~1, e,g iance ~o him. We rur"lyed, b$hw~dJ~'~lf1I1" and he noticed aman from the cowner or lui ~ eye lv-b,o W as not strai gbilcnh~g: his back j n fj~,k.) tt and sujl,tli. When the ifropi1:e1; ~ o(Hnpl:eted his 1/J(dah!, he said, l"'Oh Mu'diJDS! There is I~n ,'VIlo.'lI IrOd!' one who does I~Ol stral_ghmleH hls back in ~~~lk1~~ .and

, .~·.,.I.~

utpl.(if, ._-

8:il)l yidomt AlMI, N~lml:!J~,id" 'sayyi'd'~n@J Abu UiSaldj Sayy~d una ,S~h l

I' 'it" ",II 'II ,it' 'i I M- ~ II 1;0." S nl 1). 'I

111011'1 ~~a y ~H~(] ~a¥'yI( UIU'u:'_ul(tam'nntC~ Yin] "arn;lm',~li~ .. cam~ 't'~g'8Jt ter

lil~d discussed the .'wllcllJ' of' '~h~Prop1h~[ ,fit. S,UY)'iidul,na Abtl HlI.l'1Ll,a:id I",~ ld, '. ~ am ~h0 nlOO~ 'kjwwLedge(lb~llf: of you a1)OiUit the .ralal/?,[ of the I)u~ ~pl1LJ(!l~. \Vheil he would bow dOlwn bThl() ,."k '~l: 11e would plsce hms ~ml~,d:s UJlOI~ his knees as 'Ehol!Jgh he '~Wl~S ign1!.:sp~ng ~h~['[t, und he wo~~ld ~ ~ '1ltd Ii i s arms ~ln~ dis~2]'rrl C$. rhem [mill] his sides, J i<l:U

I 'f i\hl~l2ldi I 1 'I 3:H'1 Darilillli, m 32R ~ ,[IlIU K~Iil!2:iJ:iliii 3i.Hi1 663, 'ill":;~Jbami1i in .01' ,M 'uj.m!}} ,ff"~ ~ fjrjj'~~i" J,lB:'i: ilJrtrJ 'r: '~nik;hn 8).1)" l~~1il.ldlili1 ded~ j t ~~/~~eb ,mrl Dhah[tbi ~i!}dl, 'H:~ndb 111,111 1M ui nl~o ~i:"I:VS; [~htLt it.'1: !l.U~, tor~:mm 100 c. !pi Bi!l!!bIlm:ui •

. -

II' - -

f;;,1',llik, 04O:~_

I liII Ih:n I-lib-oon N3.s5,~ ~n.dllJakhlirJ 8316 ,"f,~IU< d~JI&fcClI, i~ llllwej~ Iilnd IDh;ilJlubi n.@"e:e~" I "I Ahu, 'l)aw,fJ@d: TULYldi j 22 ~ 9. Ahm~d [l.549'. 0 nt~ Abu -Y,;!ili ~M ] 3:1 i ,.

I II, Alb m;1'!;1 i St62. ~~,m, :Mnj:@h Sl1. ,~nd Illin lUl)h:l!~ [SSE. ! nUt~ NLma.wj :;m:,!.'i, ttt~~ ;~, ~ I ~Jjr.1 i~ :s.tn\etJ~~' (42~).

! ~ 'I~ uimif.[hi 2.60, H[e ~ !i-r-!l~ "the !'~d~h. is' luMlim mlteeIJ;

SI

Sar)1:y:~d!lU'l \\r.ni I, hi n I':]ujr '* reports l1WAlI when the Prophet . 'WOIl Id bM~ down hlto nil ',<I be WOH ~ d spread his, fil(ge~:s wide, and when p:ro~l~mj ng he would 'koo.P' tt~~Jn together, l U

Say' ,t:~l$ib',ee 1~ ,/0"1· !ti.' lt~~~ld11~'U'tn: oJ',tlvre,e ,tilluffS 'I' AJla]l.fHlYs in t~e Hh),(V Qura'lflJ:,

~... ,,;.'

1,0 "'h ~~,I!i'""" ~ , ,~ v .

........ ~W,l'i~y,~'~'~

~~ ';'.;1' ~'

, ~h~n lb "i mo \t~ i tho :IU~i~s [he name of yOll r 'Lord, ll'~e M(~'st Oreal,. lol~

S~l!yykhu~] a Ul1ha~) bi n A:~'nnd:n- ~~ I: J~! h:aJllli ,~ nan:a'[e~, !'V,lh~l Ihe verse .. A nd praise fht! [1~t~!fIJ,€ uf )"()~~rtr ,[[)'ul.#l,e m'{J'st I.N"€lJJ'I' Wfu'i revealed to the 'Pl~J~h~H ~,~ he £~ud:. 'Ptaee [Ms in Yi~Uf fuk'f,€.· Ar1d wheu lhe verse C iJ'r.aise 'fW }r,(~jn;~¢ of yt')llfi- Lord the Most ,N;gh~ '"~~S J'C'VlC~~ed he said, "'1?'lm:'e: tb'i S l.n ,:four Pf(}S'IJ:u.h~I[Ij'i' ~ t.l;(-;

S~tyy i du n,~ :J.I~tlh~li ~~I h ,e$; s~J' s Ul:llile 1PI1I~~'od :;nlah whh tlhe PmpherE ~ who would r~l>C.I ~Si'lbh(ll'J\tjr Ral.itJl~yall~I(Jl!e'elrl 'UDn1i.S'ed be U1Jr Uli-cll ~ he Most 'Gre~~) in his bowmg r()f rult 'ui alfl;(~, ~ S'ibluJI~,a ,RubbiJal

~ ,Iblnl Htbljw~ l ~ ~'7. 1'lillmmni, Ilrll ,rlj~' 1\'tfr:r1lW1. ul r:~btef Mi. (~~lo'lled ~¥ Hn~~(~h 11ij1i1h:wm 21"1' JS: ~i lfI,tf :B.~ih~t~~ 2695.. 1fI':1!ndh 1"I~l"ilhnm i ~Qys· lh~~ i!iS i.[!:iJ'frN i~ Jra_Rltli,

I.,I~ Ib~ Klnil~:LiliL~~[ '59;w, and FI~kilml S:]'4 who rl~elHRid it soh~r~ and ,[)hi!!n~,:1ha ~ti. !4,lj 11 ~.1m r dhi. :!5l': [::u~d N'a't!~ ..1114. ]Hl~Hl] T~nn~dhi r..t1Y!: liK~' i.l1!:.t(1;:{'lh is ~~Q~n ~J~tteli,.

1>15 I W' ." k "","'

(I . . aql an.5 t~l ,If~.

Mil; .Ab~~ '!I[)~l'\\'Pood Ta-,y~Ii:s.i 'I 0[10, Ab~lM~ J696~,. Darimi 13D~. II:rm M:"l~~~h 8&1. Abu. n:tW~ 869, A,b11 ¥a,~f~~ 'IJ'3~, 'D~~~ :K]j!J.!~aii1'L"'.h, 610.. l'ahlivd 'II II 3:5' , n~~n Hiblnrfi 1895" l'{lbitilan~ hl ,al. ,M ',140111 «I Kfltlite~· 8 a,~'; H ~umrnll lB, ~ 8 ~:md ,BaihI2~ ~ 2555, ~l!irUrrl Na\\''3W,~ s~,ys, ([h~l ~ ~~~ J1{};dre'Nl~ is 'UI~lm ~~ qlJ~l~d t.y Mu~13 AI i Q1.l~1 iln 1(:1 ~'Ih~~'~ri mld bmlEril N iUlkll,,.-i ,!3lso d~l, .. ur!;Il. '~I: l~~'ku~' (42~ I.

SiiJyy~,cb]J~;a Abd.iiIEUalil bin ·M~s.~ud ,tf!p relates tha~ the Prop~e[ Ii said, "\\' hen one ,of '\f!O\Dl bow~ do w 1,1, 'i mo nl'/.:, "ll h~ sheul d ,:',:.ay , SUI,JU.lUt~

. I.·

H.€~hhl:y,c~,t A,lhl2fJn,~~ []wc:.e 'I lmes ilu~d thls ls the l1~i n i nr~ ~L:l1~, a~~d when he lulls :ii~I:E~) pros~['atiiol1. he, should say ~S'.rh-h(Jllti' Rr(jrM;'I~)!c(~ A ';G~~m!' l~(J~~

• .01 !.' • _~ "'. ,~~;w

I Inc$, al]!U, '~~~ B'S rs me nll'lumu Ill! '

rn'[ sho uld be noted ~m:mf~ whil st other (/",aas are a l!so qruoted :i n ~lle; j "uul.ee th forr ,~if,rk ~u~ s",j!~'(lj' q..ruvlua/r! ~[id the b~gi lULhlg ,of ,'itt/a I: "' etc" II n; 11~~'a'm ,,~m d 1(50n!re!~l~OIl sb)uUI pref'e:rob'IIY '~illll:~:Y l"ecU~ lh~ ,aJba:vc fdXtbe ~l~ in /twdlr :;a.~(jh. Oth~:r duaas. mose ~h"ll "' re '~1.Uh,eitHk: .. ~~ruou]d II,·· reclte d, 1n ,~'U;t" ~'f(ll"lr (W when one t~ p:r,ayiflgJ~n1Alr alone,

• I~ r~ul 111,6,., ris« ,(tgt:fiJ'l to the st{1,n~ili',,~g ,p'D~~i:~i'()I~ {q,ij'!tuJ1l) say,il'~,'1 I i'~111n~'i Allalul Ii illlQJ1' Ba,,, id:ah (Allah A',ea"f8' tJUN£'fJ ~vl~~ JJ:I'a',~JII,e' Ill,u) -~ Fou ,5,'u.nl,ld ~t(i.'nd erect (J1;rlt ,Viay -AI:gtJ'h~uru'Ju(; R(1.IJ'tl}~',a n i"lt I~k(d liali:1r,(;I" {O:~~, ,flll~lt~ O:r1.r ,Loril! 'r;Q~'~ (tre' ,PlwI8etl).

~ u,yy ~du ntl Abu H1IU1'lrutllih ~ narrates I:hat the 'Ii)plle~: $ ~~id. r. ~Vhe]1l .Iie ]I1l.[l!l1i1 ~.i!1;'y~ !'S(llld iUlilih~[, U f~~r~~~' i~4ctmide~rh 11' ~'ay "!AJln'lm;UWltl Hllhh'(~'1Jl(~ la!k,(!1'~ No'md ", P1f),lF one whose above pmyer C(]b~iC;ide:s l?'i~~h .! ul ef the angels wUl have ~U hUE p:R'!1i:rt :l~IIHl~ forgiven, ~ !.5.]

I ~ n~n~ M;~Jrrh ,888" Nasai in «I f/~uwb-a 1.104f6 mul in fill S~nm'j~' (1' Kr~,tw"(,j' ~l4,. T-nil 1M I/.~ ~$. .md: I bn II. ,~~lb1nllll 13'94. ,lmmt]1 N ~liJl~wi 'S~l,V Ihffi U:;:;, ij~ i~ S(3,j11!,Jh ,(42J,).

I n"~:"1.~!1 as; ~'Uo~d, 'b,Y' Ffundh, ~h~ll ~-J~j~!;r ~n ~~ll'nMuO$Or ,~'V!,',fJ,j"d ai Bt.llww l'STI. mn~t1m

lillllW~ SffYS; d~~[ !i,I'S ~mmJ is. ~~~ ({125).

'" 1 ~~I-{'l;;:JJH"' as \l'WJ~OO Ib~~ H:ar:rtlh b~iil ilrl'njo_r li,n ,Mlfldl'(lS(lC~ an'!, ~~'6~: at 8"~~' 3&1- A.lS.11' I Iii ~~ u~i11 by Tabarani iin a' j"~fi'dtJl~~~ (l.i Ktlhl$ I' '1572 and in .~lr~m{~d (11 }W'ffNlti. ~'';t~i?:lii I~ '~I~.

~ U~lr!1 M ~ti;,jJ 8'~O. Abu 1)a,"fOO~ ,~B6.r ~t':Id 1h:'iili1dbi 161, I ,~h.I,k~~~!'!l~ 76l . ud M~!tli nl 409.,

53

S\r.l1~··~(h.ma Abu 'HI1~J I' 3;~~1l) ~ reports tb:t~ whe.:ull ibc Prophet ". would fntand t'O plllJy sa/o;lI, he '~'ou~d, pI'lO~['QlU1Ce IllG I'akbeef' wh~m~ stoJf'dillg und then wh,e~ oo'l~j:ng il1t1o n~kju. lIf" hen he _'i]~.,ed~ his back from rMI('lt ie W(lIll(' S"ll-f !Somi' AU(lhu U .'~'Um ,H(1m'.i'dQJ~lJ·, and then whi hit s~~nd il:lg he w"u CJIJ~d :s~y I R;abbana lalt:a<~ ltamd·~ ~ ',j2

8:01h AUcd'l-m:,untl Rilb,b(ln~' 1 ~lud l-{{wuP t:'lli d • R'abbaJ'Ul ~ akal H:tmlli' ,ear~ be ireoiled ~~ shown above, ID[ li·s also permis.:dble to ':!IJy' ·.R·olbba,~" w ~ l{Jlt"(fl~ Htlllrd ,and! ;·-,i,k~hwnm'Q Robl1cUl(~ ~m.l'J.'ka~ 1=laud as .rOUl" ~~_ numerous snil(;t l'i' ahtide #;. ~ 'hi~ 'In ~I wonHrtg ~I~~ pre erl:Me ~tcc()njlim.ug to l~! - H~n~lfi, ula?1a and also acrordbllg to ImaM 1\. ali k (: s 'j'I!D.(l'tled blf ~b ' a I Q'as.~·m: j.J,

1.-, .. etlllJ\ru~s oj',tlt,e C'O,'~'l'i"gQb.~:O:ll. sllo,u,ld' f),~(V -'(11)' -·:!'fllJh{J;'l\~a.,' S,ayy.iduJna Abu HLarairah ' , u3Jrra~~s. thai' [ifu.e Prophet 'said· ""Vhelm li me JIml11dfll s.~Y's -SaIni Altai,,, Ii 1'lum' iic(Jmraoll ~ ~Oly '1A.lhll'j~m·,rma .RtlbbtN;,al ~k ll' l'icmf,(/·. Por be whose .flbov,~ [~t"~~-'e,r cui ncldes wIth Uu:~t of [illt; .lIJ~~\g.c]~ wa.m ~1av.(; all his :pas,~ sins forglven." I

.A.iliIlir' all S]l'~~bi says "The oo:rn~fegtLti.on behind rhe hmam. will I~ol' say 'Sam; Alla.nli U man l-l'amidr,j·/J II', Tlhe,)I w",11 oltly sa\y 'Rabb I~d~ laktll 1--lalntl ,~ts.~

= llif ',;, ,·'andil., i1.:llfi~· .lJO' ',iti(J'n €If} n,~t ,/a:__,teu. J o;,'~'r kalt'lJs b~~t I ~ (l,V·'· th.e:,·tl, at YO·ll.r .s.i!tles~

As pi It ,of til longer lu~de,e"h it is re:pot.t,ed thar 'Wiherl S.ayyidtma Ali. "lOU.- OJ '-1'~,~mM! ttp ror iPfltyeir sud S4i y the takbeer he '\\~'Uld place h~s rigln ~and Of] hi:!j, i' t::f~ 'w.ri M. - e would :00 ma in .1 i ke [[~ i: unti I he llO'\~iOtl dow n into n;~k' u ,ll'tlJ,

1'\;- B 'I"h ,~,~~ .M 'j;,,] ~- ~~

,- .. ,"~ il]i,l11l I'J u' fLllu ~v"g~~'I~~TI .;,7,~.

lJ.:l ' -,

- al M.i'«I{,IIN~\'W(.l;l7ol'tlb .(f~ KJilim ~/l63.

'- BlIkIi1m 1~,3 rmd MlJs!~,m 4{1').

~. '.Abu Da'!l/'\'uocl 841), $~lI",a'bi Js a tu:,b-in: and ]j I i 'h' ~ ~mid 'h(i:t [11(: nUITst.'~' lHamH1M ' of SI.- ;>~i a ,~ $(J~~'ch,

IU Um A bi , hajb. h 3'940 ~mill B:li:lhaqi ':::333'0

54

en\i'~ilnIG she h3~ds: h~~l\giug I~ the sidle fl' ler r« k 'l,~ hm.: ah:Y~~' 1 be-e l

lite [~r.ttCl~""e of the ~]f!Ir~jlr~ 1.rmmah. The methad of f~lSl' (ling I~he hInd. il thls time fM!& adopledl ®iy ce;~'ta;in people has never been rnrll'e'PliOlled b:r IrlY of me Safl,alJiJ'/J ~ in their luu1~t'ions d'espfu~e b~lJ1il1ig so partieulnr • ~1cl d'~,~~ niL ~~ their de-scIr1pl]On o'f the P'~F()p~he~1'~ prayer ~, and ~OOIJ r:nJJut flili: has never betn CI,1!n·oted as beill;' the pm~tlce ItDf afi}"OlitC froM 1 I mongsJ~ Irlle S(,fra/uJ;h'~. 1 {;tbi' rtt,~ or Tob I' 'Tabi·u.;~' . . ,1:5

'Unu Y0.fu· k'~I,·os' to first t(JflIC.I~ ,~,: gftJl,uzd fol~fi'~',e,d ,lJiJ tlie lunu-ts;,

suyy~,dt~~la 'Van bin t]c~~jr,~ S~yS'i ~'I Sfl'W the ,iPnJphel, ~, pLact hi~ .'~,I]e.es { m the -:rornld) beftu.:e bi ' h~l~ld, Co hen he 'would p'liOMil"~te~ and lif~ LiP' ~ilS ~kJl(l bcore his lk~e~s whc! risin r, ,.1~ ,

Khauabi, 1M jbi bn al Muwdhlrl6J• :illlt'(i n:H~ Sa"~{ld ~l i' aas ~~ , lI'1111lU[(B, bave ~H ded~llIed the above h,(ldee.'1}, of S..liIl~yidlU.na '\ 'ail. bin

I' I S~c. Cb!ll..p1'« ilt r~u 'r 1·l:ee f.or d.c~~1s:,

f'J I liujj"2 2117 •.

I I rJ.tl'iu~~i ]310. !b l, - bj,ah ~Sl. J!\t u I~w~ MS. 1illm;t~hi. 2~S. N a m I,O~'" ~ l~IlJ~1ah~~b 61(i. !md, "~@.wi 112:':iS. AJ 0 ~~( b-y]irn 0'1 StlKon tn hL ,'oi!e'r-h es IIU~ I' -(I ~ ."/ nilt1dh bin Haj~ u f 0l (J,~ Tm!Jt."h,l'eP,t ~'.1Ia~(1'r ~ nS4 u), ~ 14).~ Nilmw' ~~~ by I. ~'I I ~'ij ~3Jm 1900,. Haki1l1ilJ 8022, D,i;~~.SlJ\- 2618. and m-Igh w~ 3t:133 ~~o 642_ D1I!M1lII III m I;ld~~ 1 :)13" 'Ihal, Ire Iwded~~ is ,r,i'o.i'i<tJ~' g1mTolU."b 3'~ Ha,ikirl] h~~ docl"red, it l'll/IUl'! ,1!!i~ n]~.~~b:i .agreed. Tbi hart, t~j ha-s also ibee:n nm:a~ci;;:1. ',,"'lilit'li , Il~r chain:!ll. S~

l 'I! lal11cr ~,:in Ilrut ThliR ;f'Dr' furlb-:cr rd~tajl:

1"1 A '.;; ~nel1i;lion~d b;' H~d~dh i ~i I'~r:f:~~: ai' /Jan :Y310. ~~ul n~SJ1iQwi ~n Slmfh W Sm-l."ufl~

.i I !l.t

5

r~h.!jI' r ~~, t1S more cstlbJ i shed :filJm c~ SI,~Nthelll[ le [lhnn [fle: ~ia"letl:'h IO~' SJl~yld ~Ina A bu HuraJ~nd]1 'l. (d!ii~cus:sed .I.a!t'e~· ii,~~ Ch~pleT' S:;, 1?'OO·t Thme) on, tl~~' sa1r1r:te, su b~I~i(;t.

SaY:flduna, Anas ~ S;}y:i~ '] SflrW the Prg,p[1I!~1: U, say ~hf; iif1!kb\(!er and p~~ce hb: [~~:L1t!llbs, close to 1~li~ ears, ,He bOW!ed down ~~IUO! ru/<. ~u lmdm end~ of llr~s J oi Iltiii became IIilO~ iC{fJl]e:l'i'$" ~ ild It hen deseende I (hl].~o ,t;~~,if:(/l) wi [l!~ ihe f:~lkl')'te,... Hi~ knees 'We~~'~ b~foJ"rt his hifiUds .. 'i 16".!

Sny}~ lduna Abu [&~nl"ai r ~h $ .. ;epoI1:S that the 1P1:lipllet ~ S'~fi,c~ ~ ~ "Vlfut~m one of jIO['~ f:ans' down ,i n1O' .r;(ljtlaj'~' he. ~hril!dd beg i, IIi with :In is knees beJ'C\¥e hiis, hands and be ~J)ou]d [mot deseead ilrl, IIill,f' mlm~1~r of a camel,' t~~

.Kull~Ji b narrHll~S ~,h~t when d]~ ]",wphet 8 ~~ouhl prn,~1 f~!n,e' his knee:~ would ft1lU '~{) '[he, gnJ;~~d b~fc~re hi~ b!tuds.I,6ij.

ibl In tfl thl',w1t III (j6.,

I~ 'Ihlki'!v.~ S,2'':_; ~lHd 'r!ni~~1l;~1i :-&612. ,Ii;'ll'khflr~ ¢'~~,sjjncd it tM~SMt!11 ,~~\(I [JJm ... h~b~ ngruii(J w~~~~ ~iHI. ~b~db n1)~~ :Ilj nlilll~~~m (IU~ 11m. ... ~~ JOM'xi i~ !f,r:tlh t~' ~,,:r ~!(23,71 ~ ii.;y'iil~g thna ~dl 'Of fils ll'firrfttCI'l'S ~w~ authc;_nl k.-~

I 'J I bu At!~ S]iI!~i hi] I~ .!f~l" Ab~ 'Y;!l'i]a~, '~] ~4.1 ,.~ no 6'40 .. in"1ll8~'!ii 1,/2:501 '~I1d U~ i'~~~qi 1635.

~M ,AlIr':m D~~'"Olllcl84,~, Ni!L\;JIi GtJO and E~uhaq;i 2636,

~;6S nm Ki!ur7:f!ltm ~h ~1& :and Baihnqi 2637. HiilJfid h Ibn lJujuJ" ~ hl! F~~~ ,.'J' l3'r:IJ,y.' ~h~ml' 'i'i4'lJI of ill . nfhlm~ltt,)n: are we~lk,.

1M B3i~Dlq il2~\'~O. Thi~ ~Mrilo..'fth i~ lnlITSnJ'.

S~yywdul1~ 'lHll'keem bin Hl~a;m 1.~.D Sfl~" ",~ p]c>d,g~d to, [be. ,W;'lropbel ~ ~ h;ll I \!.~~d no! des:ec'tJ'!j d. exce~ft ~I,i'Jb' 'Is -, bei ng upright, i ~ G"I

A:"l w,:ld [rePJiU~~ Ib!1r~ S ayyi,dun:a, U mar .. W'll] ill,Id fan diQ'~:Vu. o.~, n]s, knees. 1M

lbrah i [11 al N~ikIU!J] SIDiYS:l ~ 1:1.. has been rreme:m;bered of Ibn: :M as "ud ... ~ h~l~ h 1::; knees wcni ld E~! f to 'i'h~ g:r-ou nd before hi Sf hand::s. ' ~,?2

- ' ....

N afl' reports dud. when ~bltJl, Unmr ~ '~~~ould. pl''Q\;''i:®~lte he W'O~IJ:d ~~Iace his knees b-efo:lFe his. hrlJL1Ld'S and '1i.ifu.e:r~ ri~]mg from the l}ro\!dr.<d[~iElI hI;;' WCI'!l.li(l raise his h~fU'lLds borate' his knees, I, ~IS

'I' i\'lra~~] ~d l.tS3& tmd, N~:aij 'Hl84.,

II ~ ~h.I~, I:fibb.:"11 as q~nt~d b~ M1rCid~~ 'I 'I.:lillh:uni ~ II Alnwt~'ri~~' (.11 f)}rrmtt.:il'in 4,91. I' '" Ihl'!! A~d Sh3ibah, ~~.

I 'II 'r~illb;n\'i 1/'15;6. rnm:mm Ni 1'Ii'!!, w~ ~ilyS ~,32 l!"){il ilj i~n,uJ ~~ £.G'~~eh',!

I I' bdul Il~~atl 29~"'i1"

I • '11',mhalht:j I,J,t5.6-. ~,I ~hnrld.ith D,b'1!far ,Ahm~ UI~uu~m~: SfLY:; 3ft:) ,'hat ~Is bmffi is, • ,hr""··,~r.

I I r~1fr de\riih; (if 'hiR, Hfli aL~cl karl:irl!~II~~ :!i~ dm.c 'bio,gJ,m.l~llbie5- sectlan :-tit '.he end or '~he

I I ~\~ lin! Rill"l~ 29;58 ,(=ifld Ibal Alb~ .~h.3jooh 2.'00. I ~,~~U A\bi Sh~ib.!!~12'tl)S!,

51

_Jla.hcH bin MaimoomDl says "'1 ~a,~ Ibn Seereen 'plftCe his ,k~e~ before his ,hmfilds. ,171

Mugmeern,1l1 says, 'I asked Ihrsheem (al ukh:il~) almngl~, ;fl, man l~~hc p!ace..~ his; hands b "~Ol~ his knees when .f.~~:ling down into SlIJUtJ. H_ m:ep~led! 'O:._ ~}" a foo'l or madman Nould do il.~~rl.s

P!aC:'ing one' , [knees be-f4D.];,e 111e lH~nds, whea laUil.1g lmo s};tjud is [he. 1I=IO\\\I,1lI view ~ nd praetioe 0, S,nyy·dlmfll~ Urmu" bll~ ,~~ Khttt· blind A~d'll' lah bin M~s ud amo,ngsl t~hle Sa/i'ilUQlj' ~, JlJbmhbn al ,.:: Id~ai, Abu Q"1abah and U)ll Seereen Qif d~,e ~/abi:'juJ~'~ bun:m Abu [b,lUf~r jJ,m~un Abu VU-SIlJtf., Imem Muhamm:ad .. If '~'M ShjaJiee. j~mna~l!'lJ A:t:umil~d. and I!:hclr followe' 'I' Sufyan ,ft! Thawri, ,[shaQli t:~: n~aJ>o.{rb'~y of l~h~ jH(j,(,hn' and =-- n :l[te pe. pW ' of ,Ku fl1lh. ..h h~b: ill Iso boor' quoted fl'iQm~ llbn 'V,ahb and 1S the \I'me\- of Inl\t:")m ~l1a]], as we' 1 :lCC{)I~rng to the m!m'~fcm of Ibn Sh"ab,8~1. Imam Tirnrti.dbi says. nn:er rl!tlll'Jfl!fng the above ~{J,~e,e1J~ .of S,ayyldulliil Vrt j] b "n Hnjr ~ ,''Yihl is 'tile pr..81C -! ee of ~nost o'f' rhe p.' pic of lelu:l ing. TI1UY ~~, of' rhe view Ihi~t a ,miilu should place h'f. .. ees i eli ·re his. ha-~dtt. and '1jJ, fue'Jllising he should lift

m .. - i!> [I~' n' I-~'" - I ~ I'. " if

ms w~nn( S ~l .J'! fN U. rr.~~1!1 s.

(A IttJw yOl~"') 'iil.:n,e (to t'ou,cl~ the, ,vuiulJ af~'d ft,u~ll'! the /(u~elead '~vll,ial~ s:hQtdd.' h,e ,,~OSit~o.I1.e.il' b'e.tlll'ee,,,, tl1,:" t:JVQ pal,n;s ,':tiid flat ON ,the g:l"V,U nil ,r01V4,,.~d:' , tlut. qi:blal.t.

Say)rid~Jli'IJ \~I'ail bin llujr ~~ also :S~Y', ~.I' observed the Propb I, 11

pl',a,!"JBlg ,:~t:iI{,b. ~nd when h' [~:;ltOnuwd he p,1 ~e· d hi, hand, .0]0 ow '~

~ is, ears ' ] 8!]

I' II p t\b:' h;,ilXt Ii!. 2;7 ~ 1 r !~~ Iml~l Ab~ Sh~lb8~" "':100',

~";'s I\Mu'l R0 _~ '2.956 &- ... 9:51. I In Abi Sh. ib~h 2101, and T~hlt\\'i ~f2S6 • .MUhl'uhB:ilb D'flc\)fti.. "1111Ilal. - tl~mBni :S~) So ~hd H : Im!llITllM'Jn; RlfC au tbM~ic JJ'" 5)-

1';19!r.' .. -\~ - J. r~~__' I' ~. r 'I' .

_ ,·m .. ill:' (It:; ttJ.e~mil;)l..1 r( I ~!i..·IJ5s:J:on '_: Iti~lC: lOJ'.llrl: p.;::'r!l~' tli;) Cht!lll~r :! ill ~'i!ruir TIIP.Xl.

~ 0 ;!\~hJl. l~~~~ Z9~,8. Tnl'hmwi ]1251 8m] ~ rni.h:uri :269,2_ ]ll'i;~U l '>~1:IJ11ia~ " $a)~s ~~lI.aI, itq jI'~·'riJi',d u.s.: ~(Jh,f/,e11 (438 •

58

I\}- i ~ q ~ - ~ ~ as 'I~ 1:o,(fB'.,.- r-a~ bill Adb _"W hert d~d [ne }"wphc'r

lli; )l~ 1I.::i113. , {:lay',. ~ f .• r;;,,,,,

place his farce wbien pros1r:llting_;r~ iHe- J,!;1~n~d:> ',Ietwe.en his

p hns.'~L'S3

". yyndtlntli'\VaU bin IHnjr .,. repOL1':~ that w,I~C'11 tl1le :P:rO'l]~te1 ~ would IrlL.~lnJ~e he . .' u~d do 5'0 b~IW'~iia1) ~lis ~)fdms.~' -

'rhcre are oth~r. .(In(J/,d:ee#l wh idi . uggesil that , !) irscn "hi~~.d pi, ee hi;.; hands elose ito his shoul ders in ~~rjlUJ'. ,: luh3~1diO) Ylll~ uf IHllmoul..;i ",',,;pl'll'll~' ln hls co:nnne[l~M~~ ofTi~mbJh~ tha~ ~h6 difte.[~nl: narrailon ,of I h '" 11i{tCC of the lu:utds in ,'ii.1Jjud are :s.i"millar 1;0 _ those ,fie.]~l~~ ~Q _ ~he l I is' mlc o,r tlrft,¢ h~'U1.d in ~he 'eg~~tIltng of,\rIlllJt. The·· cam ~'. il!ec~nc! 11~jj W I he same manner and c,Uect i vely l~fB . e (0 Jil1JCiillil1 that 'Ill s,Ujnd ~.~H!' hands ~h uhl he p.hroed '1I1UI :*iilitc;ll a way ~]hIJl~ the wr.ists. ~ir C'~Q6e ~() toe !rll ~IOU IdeES, I~ he fi.llgcJrt!p. are ncar the [01' of 11h1!. ears and faoe ~s ,~iiIl

I ~ 'I ~\~CC 11 the palms ..

I - II t!Jr.\L\ Tah awi also ex 'la~ is fh~\!L thcs '" '\' ho raise 111tiei r hand ' (HI ~~l.!.,.i .'hoii:l'lder/ ~II~ 'J~e 'b g.i:nnitll:;l of salah I>~"c ~:hc brmd: in the S!lime W~L)~ in S'idU,tl1 and those who raise '[hem till ~hei]' 'cars '~'Il1 ltie' 't; gin[ll~]ilIg

~ I r ~"(Il ~h ~:lflC:C lhel~~1 ~l'os~ UO l:hd' e a~ '" it] !Jf.fi,tci also,

I'lnc·u~ the ~H,ce b""lw~en the palms ~'IO ] keeping [~ie !f~ng~~ close to ,L calm's 'I n sm' ~ud is [he v'ie\~~ and Juactrut:e of 'm mrun Abu H:aJIJu f~~li lima m A'b\1 Yo u:ff, l]niJ"'W' M'Lfi.hfunmid, Imem Ahn.1indl ajl~.cill the~t· ~ llowem'S.

S~,Jly,mdl'lnln. 'VQU bin H~~,~ ~ 're~jOf" I 1101D '\~'~~,ell (he fr~~)hct ~-., 'w~nld ~~!('!I\1\~ (k .. ~~n i,nta ,u'k ~~~ he would spread Ius fingers W !d~. {'n~d when

1'[ro .. Iiio'~r~d g he ~lIol"~d :~!3ep them togeilhc1r.IU

S . ...11. ' ..... ~'II u.:ii<It 'I 'Iu;'r aerates ~lha~ when the Prophet ~

'~':Yy'hJ~U'Ii1II~r ' an IiJI ~~ I~,.l! I~

WI, luld pr.,Q..H _" :tCJ he W\Ou ld k,oel ' his I· ~,Il:te.r . (li,g:htly cIDos d,) tng, tl~Cl.1 s-:!

.. ~ '1igklintl 27 ~, K-c: atllds I~hm lh-c hade.el~~ is htr..~d'f. !M/r£'r~h Il.uIf."C-/).· 11j,~ f\~~~~~ ill I 'Sl6tS ,

II. lin'll H: bban 1'9l7. ~1':l!b::J:r.ilQjl i'liL (fl' M':-i(A~,9,~ 01' Kob~.{N':it!:; ~,IIJI.O'~d by l'!;Ifjdh H.ai~hflIL1; lni~. 'Aloo f,'Eyo;[\~ed by !~aihaqi '2;,69S. ,lI-lafWh ,lh~[h£u'll~~ ~rLY:S ~l ~~$ '~$m~d li's.Jmji(~fl',

59

Do ,Jl-0' rlSt, J'O~lt'fo'n,'tJ"-'}n.~, Oi~ tlte g:n,',u;.tt.d b,l.l:rt icle.e,P t'~e,,.ni "(Ji~~eil end awSl fl¥J'Jli'- t~i.e ,b'Q'(IJ~'., a' 5

,St~,YY.WdU\bUl AbdtJ,rl~aJ~1 'b:i:r.l1 ,Mt~ll]t bin BUituuhl{IJh ~ reports lh.tll wilen ~be' Pr("pLlec " pr :y~d and lfl~:1J1 prostr ~._ d h~ V.ii01llld . p'ad ()ll[ ~l' arms, m~[ii rhe \\1hiblft ss of his ~I mplts became ~ lble.' -

UlllIlU1JI. ,-tl~',lnjnoon 11t!l~,moonab ,s:a:y" ~hjU '\\ihJ;11 the P.rc~het

'WO, m~d prnstrme (he would spread hfs arm :5 -' much tbal) if a,~ml~dl lamb watned lO pass uudeJF lh~i11J1 it could ~~o 'so, I '1

10 Sa:y~i,dun:a. Anas b ill M~d'i k .!~ ["eJ El:Jl:eS lh3!t IIJ1.e Prophet 6 s~l~d .,C-o; ~p,lc~'e )C\ll[" prostT~ntoru8.r and let not oae of you res his fOrei:.1lJl·]~llS: [U Il'he m,,1Jiruneli of it dQg~" nl'!

Sa,yy:iduii1lil Ibn Abbas <,' 11.' rates Ullal t:h~ Propttel:' ;said ,hHve' b~n i,ll_lnicicd to prOSlnJlte em seven bo.ilCl ; Oi[g; Ill1£. fGreb~ad~ ild he ~ so Iloin tOO to hls no '~e'~, on ~]n ~ h~ nds, o~~ ~~1;,e b tees, iIllld on !:he- bal ht 10 ~he It\\10 rec[~ :;fnd U hav 1.0 J) ,~t1, ~n:SI[ruc[,ed 'btu) we dD ~no~ g~d1~-r our clothes and bah"." ~ 9'

, . "iJJyyidum.'o' Abll N~ I [~~dd - ~ r t t· s dUll' ~ h.~fl 'the. Pf1)phc~' would ,p~'O_lrale h.e wutl!hll £irurlr1W)~ rest nis fc:u"lihc~d and nose O'J~ the I('ou~d dl,:n~n~e hl~ ~l ms rnn~ htiS' sides, and, pJ,tlc.oO his paims clnse i~O Jhi~'s sho riders.

1~, n" [,I' • h

~I~in n.huzmm~· 642 m~d HmJiifill ~26., Haklil:lI1, ~n.l2O ,dCi;Ifi.'trCd, ffil' 5tlh~j :1Iulll .D,!i3jlit2ibi

~yood.

hiS [),. .. i ' m I~I fi

'Uw_IIDg pro~lralmu recn ~1I1 '~II l.~ OLII!OW fo.r . orne SP:JCi~' ,ruitd di·l~[OilOO OOIW~~.n diet

~lQiI1m(.h_· and ,thigh . ~n~ .3f,~.$;' ~Wid 'uht!: s~d~ I r dtt~· 00 "l wifiml I, \\c'"U1nCn ~houiJlI p!raSl' these h~b_ liQgcEl1er. ,Men L. . "]..dI ~~~ ras e Iii e~ rms : ff ~Iti~ trelu'Id and nl1o",\' fUJI £~me du a~ WE \'~Jn.cn ~~,Q~d'J Jet mh~!n ell h,g l. Itlle ,gfQundl, Set Cha-pler 13 h~ ,~~ Ii'~ Tt.~ !fur flU'tlu:,r del~il~

~. Bu h~m .K' tmd", I ~$li in' 49S.

'Mu'~~lh~~ .9G.

! ~ ~lukh. Ii J -: . ~nd ,',I!u~1 iUlJ' I_'~,. II~' nukha._ri 779 and M\.I: r'm 4~ .,1. ~

JirmidJli ,270. ll~ Zldd~, i.lijlll t-. ~'ta.d :.etJ:r ~LIi hti-ll,rm .t(JJr,fJCJ~.

60

i~ ,I.~I ~ eHf';~'J."e tl,at Jf\Ql~" tIl: €ghs' 61'16 no.t ,pressed uf}fJl/J';Ji y'o',~~r ah~fJ,l,'J,,',e"lrl {uld' -'-Olll~' ,t(JleJ' a~ ,f! fa,ci,~g lJ,ilJ\laJ.~"

Sa)'yidlllL1 Abu ='.lmnlai,d • reports as pillfll' 0' a lange Illul'eelli' (bfl1[ '~ hen the. Prophe.t r; _., :Pi'OI :trat . 'I he wou id d;s~a ~CC; hi, lilighs ([ro, n ~ he ~mllpcr torso)., l 11d w f~~]dl n t ~el hls ,!)odome.m I teuch an,)' paJrl af £he'm,,,u II

~.I i,!l Pflrl o~ ]1 ngc-f' fu:rcieel'it S~)fy,idun,~ - btl 'f~ t1l!1))ai~ ~l'l,

Saidee . IWpO' .... 'th[l!~, whe~l p:r-OIS~'irfIJ[~li1I.g he (Ul~ Prophet '.) w{ti~id ! I tee itlbfus !hands wil~,m 1 spr~ading them iQ~L or brimging them roe close

_ . hi d I! "~:L' I ?J,

M I, JI himselt)i find Pt)Ult : '18, 'toe a t,O\!J,a;r. ,~ ~:1I1e ,q~u., (I'li'f.

S,al" Ujt:,beel~; jb.,-' a ,,:,~,ill·,r,'lfU'.f1l ,of three .till} eli. Allah says ln ~he 11 ~O]~l Q~]]·4.Ut':'

..... ~ r ~. ~ "'" #' ,I' It ill '¥

~Uk~.I~V'" ~~~

i'" '7'

Hyn~n wruth pi ~l] e the name ,o'fy ur Lord, ll~ lV('Q'c IJ.m'ipI.L~

S'ay;.. idml!lfi A~'vu 'Hll1r~irilh says, '!\'ity beloved feiend, 'rbe Prophet ffi}, dlL~ h,'tsed. me of three things :~lJ1~d, fQI1:ihade du.'ee things, He 'forb~.d.e me

I~"" Ab1l D1woOO 730. 1J~ I)ukhmi 79 'I.,

1,\1 ~ ul,'laa .. n.

,. '1 (I ~Ince oolti ~I ~M!rim ~1:1dl ~I,' Jlh .. nd:;: on Unc flOO't" :nul '10 rni . alfIe' ~n~~ : UrIJ

Ifl nl, in ll~ ii~·· nntr, . f til do, •

1sT. hil~i illl{fl' t~ ~!umr~ .f~~ ,'Krtj' (ft,,, 7rJ...J) ne ,69.51. MlJkil:u ,1005 miid n~gOO i, ",;,139,

11;1 'IIIU ~1@Nd it !.'tIhe:~1z ~~llI!d DhehMli ,m~'~.

n"Ol1JJ peckwng 1 ike l eeck, squ.Jtr~ l~ tn ['lite man nell' of a dog and [ouk"llig iWOUI,e) like ~ ti[)i~,.'>1%

~',nYl'idu~a Ali . aJ~ ; "Jhe Prophell" ~ai,d, 110 me, h U! ~ nte:

fer ~l<OU \""l~~a;l(i;r\'er ,~ I lke '~(W myse,i f and [I rei ~ 'I'm~e ror ,you Wll~JC'fer d~ ~~:I i kc rOf_ lflyse.l, I., D(}r m 01 sit i n fli~~ ,i',(f'a ',( po· Uiiol1 bel' :. II ~h;' t wn • • ,J h' ul9'l

"€(f'(.IlQ_ S.

. reports 'that 'til' P11oiphel. 'said t '. him, '~\-¥he'IDJ

you raise yo rhea: rrom s.uj'ud then do not ,I;jit In an iq{l 'a position as. ~ dog sir·. 'Place your po, tenor between your teet and, firmly p~a'Ce' ~br;: ~cp I>art o~ }~uur 'fee~, Upc;ifm ~,h~ W'~ru nd, ,I \1!S

Tawoos repon "We a" ked Ibn A bbas $ abou [ StU i n D' (j n the Jqa i'a [}olj~~on) on ilhe lw,O reer, H,e. replied lha.lt t is sllunah. 'if_ e said ~"W'e "j '~:wr. it 3$ an arniCl]O:ii'l ['ti~tl!o(li1_ EJ e foot. '[ - e replied, ,_ay. It \ I~he sUJr110If of rOJlll'r Prophet .... ,-,199

'Ta\i\i'OM'S . on reports ,[l'Il:Ntl his f:t.tb.ll;;ir' [rho. r he saw Albdull"b bin Utlnna' A.bdll.l~~ml bin Zubai:_ ~md Ab lulla t bin Alb.nfii,( in ml iq ~'~a'

here ls no comn di,c'[ion here in the t(.t/I.at/e(U/r, ~.:i( ,~~i[ned ~'V

~ ~

Imam I!hdh~q i, bn ~1] Sal ah .. lm" fin:' ~3 wU'w" and o~'i~crs.~ iqa '(1 . S 0 I'~O

!d nds: the iqlJ' a of a, dog;, '~lLt]1Jich is to p.'i ace both ~he '[In .. sterior and I~he. ha ds Oil the hioo'(' alml1d to raise the kne-es in f~nn~'. It is rhis kilnd of iqa'a rhal ba been p.roJ~;hi'ed in the aflrCUie,(?fh. he second tonn ,of iqa'a i [0 sil on the bam, f the feet keeping lJfn" knees; on the ground, and 1M rest 'the I)Q,J crier upon the heels. lit is tl~ i:" second ki nd (J' i~1~' 'i'a

I'W Atun3tl8(J.t4.~ Abu Y'8,·I.m ;1ltll mb\llrl,'~ nl 'iu ~j,~ M'NW'am a! A~l'.rtl( dl:Hluotcd l-uy l-hiJntlil~ n:;;i'~h~mi l'Iao. n~'ndh HJ]ljl~m~ :l~d~, lhi:l,I[ ~11C: i~',u~;j of Ahmrn.J i~ 'uutrJ,I.

~ J I >:n M~i~ 894, T.imlid(hllS2 ~"~ ,B tli h qi S 7sPO.

~ Ilbn _.{ Jah 396. B !lJ' " ,Ill A is I} ~jt ,(,,' ~ Zr,~j'8 :,d4' ell pter I. .~ J~'fltl·'-;II ,2"

'1 ~ii '" i~ a dJwf! I ~i nl.· II.~ In, .!id·l ~ 11 ,t tl (:Hill __ ~; .II s 3 ~ponin. Ii LmI~jt!f.l1 re _, - ,J by Ttmlidh i rn1l1h '. inl mho. :tl' ~f fk);.-Ed til Ll. ,.'\ J~ ~

,I 'MlLlruliru Sl6.

~ Abdu~ RWl;f:.,ill J029. lflr1[!l]fn. j~:~llrIilwi says ~h~lt its i"~f1(i i~ sa/well {44'2}.,

62

l~rHl~ has been a' cribed tOI the t~ ree Salr_abah ~ In lift abos C hadeeth. Ho'\:ve' r c, even th is. second form i Oldy Ito be ad(rpted :u~ the l~me. of need ~ecau. e unde [h~ general .cuu· Illa1:il.t of the ;e tlllile .. tJ! the t, i'a,.,/.,~a. ha ve described i t ,~U; beh.1l,l nU1kroo~, stso. The eerreet J'i~';lIJ't';h metlilod ,~ r sitU i,ll! b ~'I, ween '~~ho two .~(JJ(l(I~'Ltf{, ~ as dies¢. '100(1, i 11 ehe nex t h'fJde'(ui11 b,Y Abdullah bin U:1l1"a; _, !:ll·~~scJf~ i·s 100 ~,ic on lim ,len fOOL W~dl tllhre 'rigl~t 1- t ~[ett.

~ ughl ah 'bin H.aketr~ relate d'J~Ir. he Sa\J,,1 ,AbduUi:lh b~I~1 UJ 1~ c.:~'tt hack ff.1JDl the t'ii 0 saj4'ahs in $cdah Oil the balls ,of hi:s feet. \Vh~1t he ended his 'pl:a)-eli" he meerioned th ls I[Q, him, upon \Q~ch he replied, "Th is ls no'!' the .f,r~U1J'a~:~ (]F. seleh. I only do thi s because ,~ a. 'i U,' ~]

This ~. the view of Imam Abu !n~nifah hnan~·.alik'Jl nam Abu ); IU' uf- - m '1\t.1'ub~rrirnTI~~d., Imam Ahmad Ib'; ~ ~ aabal, iheir followers :11 d ~I,so '111m of I nsm Slr.il fiee as q~i(jw'd b Balhaqi ~Ill lvratlfal~' oj .1.,·1,'U-aU~

A I;,.d '~~I,i#,o,,~"t letfu'il,Z,1l t(l any on e ' ""de.

S~ l'yidll1na ·~··ill, reports d at 'L~ 0 Pm,uphe'L

(11'1' a,nlk inaiflil. ~

Abdolhlh bin Dina reports [h£Lt he had . OOJrn Abdu'lla'h bin Umar

v.,f ith a 'Ill~.JD IPraY]I~g ,al! lOOs. s ~d~, '1\!h~m1! ~ he man sal delw ~" he. ildOiptedl I i me .tiu·"bb· I,i (XD.sj~ iun '~tn l em i bmll h;~:gs ~,[]l one s~dle and S~f O(!J1jj 1:~1e grou nd) and crossed. h i ~ feet. \Vhem Ib:m Umar fi n - shed. he d:i~HppfO'\?'ed 'lr this. The man pretested, I But li!l(]t[ do the same ~ Abdu llah bin

-d' 'II ill ,.J 3

lor ~ all I II an1li.1 iII,,·-

AllduU~h (tile D) a S~y y ~d~ na Abdu] lah bWII Us 'It ) repo. rts ~i~lat

he used '~o see his, ffilt:her. ~~dol't ~ he ta ~~a,~' _~t ,Posilh)n w.heWlI s~~,~ i~ll,g il[~

"~' - 1'1· '0 I

1\·3~1'._, •

I' Ahm!J ,102S. AJ~ ~!Jortr;!: I I 'i 3. z;j r' as ~d, by]l I1db HarilD~llmi lJ~ ;', 1 led 3' ~ b<y B,~l !iU.~~ 2'1 ~l S l} - ti Ih'-_L d~~ified ~t (l/~fl1 1" I i ,f~' J(1 i'1"' a ~ ~flKt~~ ,. 9'3· '. __ .I ,t\ [lIh~ ddll~h 'Ytm.~f B i nnoud 11a5 aJts,u d~wrOO i~ snm:~"113/162.

1 I~,fa~·k ' .. AI!'\

• CL~I_._'LjI!jI.,

6'1

1,,;.11

j~.l(lh; I~Te SDJidi 'SO .[[ di,d, :~he S~lfIn.c. and ,w~s yon;uiI,g ~I the time, Abdu llah .r{lI.'bmJ~ Iflf;!j~ fHltd said, "The S1N~1~aJf O;f []~~ .[;'T'l\yer i~, t~a[, you 'keep yOLQ I: I~igllt foot vertical, and :~;Thy d:o"~vn yOl~1f lef~ foot," It 5ni(~ ~~O' him, '!B,ut roo do ~he same," 'He said, ~o;M" feet do not' S.il:PIXJt1 mt:'.:.'~j2GI'

In ILl~~ above I'uuie,edt S~yy:~d!lJliI a Ibn U mer is iitcO~: qnO'rr~d as

n]en~ionh~l,g haw .iJ :p~n;;01 ~ shouid sri [ a[ter ,s.p:rel'l;cH rilg the ~Ien, foot ()I~ the

, -

g"o~md'; by p.laC]IDI,~ the pnsrerior upon (he groand Or iOil:lli the left, f'OQt?

.he ~tlH(~wh~g l",~de\el~~ clarifies this though;

S~lY yid:Ufiilil A,'bclu I h~l.h bw~~ U m'~r • s ay.. ! h is II.h~ ~u}'m\a:/l of .ftii(~h '0 raise t'~e j'ig~ll foo~ and face it I[o!!iivard s tbe q.il}}{flhi w lih llr,s. roes, ~Ild to si t. on UThB lien, .r(mi~:. ,,~jJ~

Y~I~t s}lcol!l:14 :Ji~! 1P,itlt lJ(J,t'~ ,Jrl~ln" l'fJtl~ t~",,',c,t:.rld i'f~ bf!'ll.ljJIU,t1i ,Oll, the fejt jV()t 18plVJ(1Jr} out 'witLIl 1'h;tJ :lof}"r; f:,~ t:IWoe dil'6'etioI1~ If)f t'/~e fi;gltt /0,01' ·wil.icl, i~lr;,ell sho,,,dd' be 1}~pr(gl,tt ·~tl,.itll, {Iu~' toes j{u;i,~Jg tile'

qilJl'ah. ,lll~tl.~ .f~\(Uld~· 'SllfJi'lI~'ltllJ't r~ste:d' ,11'PO'I~' ,tJ~e th~g:/~ u~,it/~' tlt'e ji"'Egets/tu;,il,rg· flul Iqi!J,la,t'. TJd~' s itf.ifl,g ,fl:~~'it';I're is Ita be ,(1'(1()1Jt.ed ir.h'YJu,tf,l~o¥J,1. t~ie salah. T"M!~~ i~ no' ,dtlfe'm"~lc,(J ill ,~17fJ ,~no:n~~I(j'''' nf s.l!lting' Ill" t/~rt second ClJlil .la's,t l'tlllf;; all l(}f,/iJtt t1:ut s,ittii~l~g ,i',fJtwe;,efl

• 1(JD

tlt)f/ ,tlvo p,I"1'O£U:-f~t$r:Jtts .. ~

Umllll!J[ JMIWII"nh:le~Jm' A 'ish~h ,l"OPQJ.ts !~:U'I~ I!he PrrDp'l~~I' ,~, would begin his sCiotal, ''I/J iil~h the It,r:d:f){!(!r~ ~.mld Ms r~ci~adon \1IlU'Dh 'AlI1tlmdu J,~n:Cl.JtI J~:(,~'J~bi! A,altiJ~tl"'CJ,r~. and when he '~U'tl1J~, bow dO\\l'fI lnto ~~~k ",u he '1i~;tQuld 110'[ ra isc h is head nor ~n"l1C1Ii" im ~u ~ :llt,eep it ~m) between, Then l'\"lh e'U], he ~~]~hj raise h is head from rid, j'~~ ~e wou ld not :~~·O.5 [f~L~~ until ~]e ~,!iI ad ~~ood iLQ prugh'I~, ~nd hav ~ fig ra ised his head from, j~ida~,~ he wou]d not prostrate n'i~l~w ~ IIilllfniJ he had S3l1 updigh't. [_0 'YOihlll(l. rcehe Ute: Itlhl.n~(d~' (Fret evt':r1 two (-rill ~ ah~, sp;re~ld h'us lett ~OOl: and raise tefi~ct :b~~ :If,ilgln fO~lit '[~'~ would forbid I[he squauing IOf the devll t and dllilJl fi man

!iJ4, Moll I k :202.

'~N~s!;li ~ U1,& 115S. 11 UI a III N~IU;),",i s~~a ~J1M .UlS i~,~l :i~ $(Jh~~eh (4,~!'n.

£'M \YOll'We'~l ,shou1ll ~kf: @H~, bi1l~Jh IhI;:~J le~~, [~ilA'~,rd$ II~· righ1 ~H1.litcl :side ,~f lilhc 00 ~,~ il.ml J4;;S~ ilJ'll Iflrn IpMlmioJi" '!,\l;,'jmhovt Iill"~ns.ing 1J!tto<~fr' r.ilght ~~Llt. See' C.h:J.ilP~eli 1.3 ~11i Part. lIhree riOr ~t~i~5,

64

j,jl] iould spr.~~Kl bis al- Iiilfi Ll])Oln th~ ,gJmund :i n th~ mu:ntl~r oJ' ~n:i mals, He ~~Oli1l~d: e~~ his sifllat~ with ihe ~',al(""~il. 'lm

S~yy]tIDmHt \V~U bin '~]l'~jr ,~ i,"eporhilj, !',l ptitlrOO .sal,;},! beh~nd dtt l~iI,OI)h~l, I .. and said 1~1Ji; :m~:$~~f ~~:~ wil prc.:sel'Ve ~he litdah !Df '~he Prophe[

. ~~ \\1Jrme'n he sat for raJJu:lh/~~'~d hc S,p[lC~d. h is b:ft fn!Dt upon the r round a!!l,d sat ([i(rru it, nnd placed hi s left palm upon hls l,eJ~. th~gh, ~m'td, hi S l"igibt ,SlJm ll,[liQn his ,ri,g;M ~hi~.h. He 1~]lCl] sh~tl~~d. h is f:u~JlI~e.rS makmn.g II cirele \,,;]~h rhe m~d!dh,~' -Itirtlger ,~iffitd the tli1rmnb and be,gk1!ll. ,[M,~:y~~tg 'ufilh II te other' one (f'O['i'2d.inge:r). ;,'208

~ n :1J]o~h:er n'~m'iitaliolfl S~yy lduna \:V'a~ I, bin HI t~JIL ~ S;,],)H~~, ~'~ arri ved hlJ M~~di;ltl'o1Ifu and :stti~ [0 :m,Y~ie1fj ~'I ''it.,iJlill observe the p:rilJe:1r of the P\ruph~l .• ;, \\~tle.n] he ~~f~: [lor l,(fshiJfln. t~d' he spread lfJ_is left foot, ')~!~ed, his, ~fi II,~ i md On hws [en ~ h'i:ghJ 91nd rai sed his, Iig'h~ ,[ooit upr.1~illil.;2 \QI

Adopdng Ith~$ posuue iJI! :an, ~~ID ~iU~~]lg~ of saitlJJ is ~l~, v~,ew and I D~ l~[ icc <;KiF Imam Abu Hani Itth,. I mam Ab~1 YUSJ~[~ h_l1a~~11 :~1'uh'an1lJm;[ld~ ~ ~ Il"i r fo.llo'\?i..'ersl, :s.uf·y,an ~~' 1i'l'l&rw ri, l~~~alflJ bin Hay:! ~ b'~~1 ,~~] MUIb.nxak f1i ml a ll [he people of K.iIi!lrfah., II, ws 0 l1ia ~r.~t~OJ~ of Imam Abm~ld ,~iIlld has ill~~, bO'CIDJ q~]()t~(l fr,'()Ul !5;moo~ Mallkl uJoIJ~Cj'. Ali~JOf ~k"rJ~d~~~8, the above rjitu.l.l,!ellJ of St1yyi,d~'rla \¥~i'~ hiftt llojw .. ~ Imam Thtn:idbi S,~lyS" '!'Tl~~ms lS, I h e practice of tile m.ajor]~y of l ~e people of learn ~ ng~ l'

l '~~'e',- re:peati'llIl t'~:e tllkb6e'I'~ J{lll ~11.t{) tlte' ,g,(ul,(j.',n'd ,p'ros,tTrQuo,rJ'~, ',,~uJ '(V'ltJJ" lur~i~l\tll~'Ciit~il t1ur t'Dsbeeh as in tl1:I"fl"st p'fosmQ:titJ,~~-,

• '" I .... Ii nl 49$.

~;;;.~;".-d 'bi'ml M~riI&()r as 'lu~'H;;!d 'b~ [m:tm ,~in~(~~r~ 4:57" j-\ISb re~~led 'I,y Thha\vr~ ~ f p ~,. bl1lfUi!1J Ni m~\Y1i ~n};s; l'llll~n i~~ f,~,~~f'/,d is, wh!!.'Cln. .A:si Im!ii~r ~~~iOIliI hfll~ ,a;~~ ~ftn II '~!h..l;td b,' A.b u.1I.la~'I't~, TfI\V.a~I~'~i '111J~tl

) '1Ir!~'liglh~ 292 ,a I~d 'TaJ1'ri1.wi. 'I nS9, [mw.l1 T~rmi~hjl ;says I~ ;1:ruA....,._s1i. -is Jfa-~ 1,~~ ,~.fil."tMll_ 11.1 N~.,ai i 15!7.& ~,U~~ I'man~ N'·um~wi, ~~s Ihtri ~~S' i~I~(r~fi~ S.tffim..VI {45~".

:~~ay tlte' taJlue,er ,lfgai:" IUld I, ,'(durn; to' the StCHUl-t1l.,g' ,posill(),'l~ W~'ibt n;(Jluli:~lB ~tP, e,I'l'-;t~'re lJ'~~lt ~)."Of; fi'"r!f.t .lift jioll1'jore,lulad {l~r,.d nose. ,/o\llo. w'eit ,l;y ,YOl'" IUI:t,,;d,'~' and fi,1;udly your kn ees. n~· IUJ't s. rl.p.IJ(J"~l J "(J\r,l,','; .,Ie(f o',r~ Jn~I,~~ ,'h'(j:~"d5;.

S:~,Y)l id ~~na Ibn U mar rcperts :~'h~~ [rtC Prcplu~lt" ;fo~'bl~~C If lUll ,a ~ an

s lOllld SUI)J~orL hill)' elf 01[1, h'i- [l~.mds \/!,I'hen rislng in :raia~.2~ n

S,3~)1';.d una ~Ib. 111~1:r •. al 0 rep. rt ~~Hlt the I rop]lct : forb ~de. dl~JI,

a 11H]!I~ , hould :s,.pparlll'i n~ sel r ~lll 'l'U' biU']d]S in snlaJ1, ~ I ~

Sic'tJ,yyiduna \Vnj~1 hin l~l'tiT' '. 5'3)'5., 'I s,~~,~ the Prophet s place 11WS knees (on the ,gro~:.lII1dJ lbefore his hands., when he would ,}IIO'$n,at1e.. and ~[n uo hi hands before hi kaees \\~Ihell rising .. '~ ]I~

S3Y'yid~ na c- ail bin Hujr . m1illif~Ues.! as :10 . t of ~ longer IlC'!d'tetlr}

'And '\,_ hen te (Ute PropbeL ~) would rise he would~ do 0 11,)1], his knee '.~ and he '\'\l'OU ld [p11;;100 [bws h ~'[]ds (.foJr ~Urlp~)lit) upon h ~ s I'h i Sh s, IN

'S a_r' ". dur m .A I i ~ . t.)r. '. • U is p~ ~ of I he ,rn~n7tw}~ O! fi f·dlr ~~v:;la"l ~lml 'wh'e a man :ri· s in [h . th, f ,~ 0, ~-~~.b's he 'hou]d. n<J:L place hi [~amis 1 lpO~1IJ lh ' ea th fur support tilI(lt~S.s h Is ,~m .]' man ~ ,~,: ,calnnot' :timd up ~~,idl0!JIl do~n . :50.21-

zn Al~li! Dr~'~lIDd 9'9- . .ad U.t:lllit';li 2Stl8i. Mru~h,~ hli III Dh:lLIT3l!' AJ'!f11~!d IU~tmullll1 '~:ar;:;: tha1 ;i~' lDlllifJlrs are Ii se or Bu' ·lml.i C1t~Cr Mill~~nnlmmJ bl,ll Ahdnl A'lam,., i1!""~m is 'Iihif~h 18Ul).

~II'" . - I .r.i'\

' E Ilbln Khulrouniil I U7'-:' I-Ia'ki'lil 137 imiil !B3iuh~ 'li .;_8U7. Hakisn aer'l :rJ,redlllJL sfll:,e 1m and!

D;li~llalJji u~oocd \ ~'ih I hn

:'1 ~ Jjl:lllilrnj I J~o.. ~b:Jil M:1j.ah ~ 2. Al;u D:tllWood'- 3 ' 'TIll~lj'i dhl ~6'W1 N~ '5 ';;l j 1089, I,bn, Kh~ll'1hinlj; h 62(1-. ru1~ T31mwi 11l5-5. AI '{I Dliitxmed' by Ibn ~1] S (I.ka~~ in h is Sffllrei!11 as ql~Q~lld by ~ ~'~ruJh bln I-I apr iUlld' n·dJt:li€c ~ .fJJ~' H;f~hi< ,,' I.tJS· II no .. 'j 7 , !N.'lnoalc:cl al~o by I,b n Uribb:m 1909. Ha1\ hn r "i e~ihtlqi .;.;\628' am:! E%lvuLwl jj~ 33 mno IIj~l'2. h1il=tm '] Ilrm ~(hi ' "_)'s .bill the IIl1it/i-.-.elh i h"iHiii ,tlrnh 11 m,lll i 1 ~iJ.dm jt. dr,;: ~:,'.I!!:W i~ Si· h, ~/!J :" fm ~)n."h bi ~~d. ~lbL Im(h' fA Il._ ,~·o ben IfKIl' ~I cd "VIHl ,eM.I 10:11' I. h l ~iIlS. Sec Cb 1~~1'~' il Pan, Thmc fi rtirihIN deh ,ils.

.,.~", Ali'll, ~l l.\ 00 . "9.. The Juuk (II i mlm)' ~'Ii' bt~U,:.'I1' th~ (~~i f!,"!J,tor" I ~ t(tl ~bdll;! 1 ' .• bb::t-r .~~ . v :t!u~ I nU'(:';'i~ oC'.1pl a in.cd, b" MlJ I. dif.b .' l~ '~l! A hnf1J~ t " ~1111ll\Ul! S; [ ~ <

~ ~~ ~ lr!~ .I'\bi Sh~Ib..'Ih 3993,

66

Sll!lJnd]ng up to another tYll ,af~ wi~hourn, ~l'iP[)Oft i III nlles;e~ r '@\1il ~he h~mds 'btl t p]~u:i IJ_g the~if1 on the klllllJ· es i t~re vi· ;\~! and prae1i~-c 0'.- '~m~~~n A 1)11 'IFbmi:fah, Imam Abu, YUSCIf.. Inuun ',d:uha rlllluw, hne Ill, Ah n~~ I b:UI"i, ~ unbal, In] Jm1:aHk as, menfoRlel ~ ''1 101 A -.:._ a~ Barr ,1 ~~1I1 ]d in nl ' {II T-a'mJ~',e;fl1j Awzaee, SUfY.~lll • _~ Tbla ri, and. l hc~(: bin R _lU.'byab, ~ncl the] i~):~ lowers. It bas also be . n qlol-ed ' 1'Q111 the noble CO']JlJp.lmiicm,· S~y~dd~m~1 Umar, S ayy'idll¥~~ Ali i S,ayyi,dul!Ul Abdu,I~.·h. bin M~~ \]~I~ S;~YY1rd~'U'~~ Abdu ~ lah bi n U' [ 1(\1" a nd S,a:YJid.un~, Abdu,ll.ab bin A,'b bas .' \

nil ,do rrot Q'dopt {J siltiJ~g po; tur« it,'I; bern'e,el1I,

hl lhe ~~ong.er /1.aoeeth 0 S·ayyidril.ma Abu I:-Iu a'ir41t.· abuu nne rtHm 1)l~lO . '.ild not complete his" 'alalj' I. who hA.1.S been [tJ:cnt'ifi'ed a . S~lJ.l¢y]dun(~ KblJdkld 'b~n R.af1.~ ~ [l1€ 'brother of Sa.y,yidUtirl. Rifaah bin Rani ~ lhe o!JU]j~1J" :il1r.:ltrillJtOlr of thj~ iuultuuiJ :ap(U'l fro n ,Sa;y'y~( UI~~ ;,bu [':liUnliU'a~l .:JJ) the PrO,~l'[.c.. , fL)i S to' 5.1\}'Y ~djlllLml, Kh~lllft ~,~ ~TI'len fall, dOi'l,\i:U~ i !l't'OJ !~' su~t~on unt U YOil! are mor BIOldc... [J~ n ris. ~I d S' ~ UJU II yo,o are mnu(iOJ~:1 ~ rs, th 19, fal I do,~:y a : ["0 t[;~l ' again unt i I }fi U iI' r liIJ;' n. ,n~l. 's s,

I I I' ~ 'lI1"il'

t~eD r~ISil ' :~md ." '~fmd sU~ltahlt. '1)- thl whroug 10U1)10ur ~{Itld .. -

Tho f~'Q.phe~, a does !~[~~~, mentien any sht i [1(1 after' [t~ ~e~t:mtll pnk~t1IF,~~.~,i,[](I]'E b'~l,~ instru cts [1 ii.~n to ~!tand, I~p straight,

.

Abbas o.r Ayyash b in, Sahl al .. aidee reports th~t' he \?I!tIJ~ Ill, ,~I

gmbeltng, w he'~ his " athe I'" \\1h.O was a companion of Ule Prophet ~~ \':3$ p,lfesen t. In the gath ring there W9~ also A.Jbu Hurnirah, A bu I J un aJ~d a ~ SaJidee, a nd Abu, .' ~t'j:id~. He relmes a to Iii 8 J.~ad'l'et:lJI illill ~lIfh icJI1 ]hie' ment~ons ~ Ii,at ~ Hie ,(~he Prophe1, < l' ' !lid 1 he, laf</)"el':t and pa'in'~ Ifamed. l:,:le then s ,1M the {"tbe,e'" $:t:ain and. !i[ocid up lun did no~

h.' ~ ~~

~J •

'.':0 • ,~dl'll~ ,tt ~Z.Lq _ 6 j • • T ,JB;~llt!i !i!i~ 629 I &, 76-0,

, Alm ~ll~~'tl't",d, 7~~ It {'66" Wni!a~~ Nhlll3""li ays lMJu j!~ ,(s,md i ... ~f/~' "J., (449.~,. AIs,' h:~,,;m~"(~ lI,y Tt~h~~wi 4l~54! ~ l,n [i ~,i ~b'!m I S;1".iJ and ;~ilmJli 26·1?,

61

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah ~ says~ '~ThG Prophet ~ would stand 'up

on th e balls of hi s Ieet in salah. 2 L 9 ..

N II i maan bi II Abu Ayyash says, 11 ha ve seen more than one of the compa ions of the Prophet ~,; When t.hey raised their heads from the prostration :i n the f rst and third rak ~ all. they would stand up stra ight as theywere and {hey \\~oldcl not SiC·t"l:.lO

Abdul Rahman bjrl Yazeed says, 'I observed, Abdullah bin Mas'ud ill salah; and saw hiJTI ris-e. and not sir. j He adds, 'He would stand up on the. balls of his feet In the. fin-H. and third rak 'ah, ,221

'~Va~R1b bin Kaysan says, ~.[ saw Abdullah bin al Zubair ,~ standing up on the balls of his feet when be had completed the second

. ·~2~ .

prostration. ' ,., .:,

Khaithamah ~[]9, Nan' both report (hal Abdullah bin Umar &. would stand u,P on the balls of hi . .feet in iJalah?2'J

Abu Atiyyah reports that Ibn Abbas and Ibn U mar :$. would do the' 214

same.

Sh' ubi says I 'U mar ~ Ali .tuld the companions • of the Prophet & WOiJJl~ d stand up on (tie balls of their feet in salah. ~ n~

t~ Th'IH ~dJl u· 2:8·3 ~mJ B aghawi 669,.

~~ Ibn Ahm S:ha~lI.4 .I~ 3989, Insam Nhua ",j '. ~I,)'S th;ilJ~ its isnad is haj'm~ (45l),

~~I Abdul Razzaq ~966 & 2%1.100 Abi. Sll.an~~h 3979 & 39~41i. Tabaraai in ~1l M'u}wn. at Kabeer 91266 no, 9327, and 'BaLba'q~ 2164. I~' flU!.h Haltharnl says Z/ l]'6 [hat its narrators are. rhose (if Bukhari, and Bai,h<l'q. has a 1;50 (JC{:J,art.-d it .f;QJu?t:h.

~~ Ibrr AlJl S·haib~1n 3~S3 .& 3-984, Imam Nimawi says that its lsnod is s.aheeh {4-$3), 14.) fbn AlJj Shaibah 39&0 &: 3985,

nA Abdul Rf:I~zaq 2968,

a'!oTIb .... ,t - Sl -1 ... 1 "2'-'8'

.l.n ,..-\ )~ ,,;,0 l'f'lJ '~!-L1: o» '.:..

')16 Ib J. 'b'''~ ..

- . . !Jill J"\. lL ~~l.2!lhah ;'9'!tS;,

68

ZU~lI:i says j 'Our S haikhs would ])tOE do mumayalali (reel), mean ing when one of them would rise from the seco id sajdah. :in the' firs!

1.' ~~ 1 . 1 ~~ + d ..,. ~ d not .• , ~ 227'

ra« (.1'ri· ne W()U H.,II SIL.f!Jn· up as ne Vilas. an .not su ...

Rising straight to the second and fourth rak' a} \vi thout sitting Llown is the view and practice of t)11 am. Malik, Imam Abu I Iauifah, Imam Abu Yusuf, IrtHUJl Muhatnma.dl' Imam Ahmad, Ishaq bin R~.l"~uyahj Awzaee, their followers and the majorl~y of the scholars, In am Ahmad also said, "Most ahadeetn are upon this' (not sitting), nud Arhram says, 'I saw Abmad rise upon rile balls of his feet after tlle suiud. He did not 8oi(. before rising. ~ The same has, been reported from many of the Sahabah ~.. After quoting the above. had.c'eth of Sayyidnna Abu. Huratrah .~. Imam Tirmldhi says, I~[ his is the practice I r the people of learning, They prefer that a 111~Ul stands up 0]1 the IHL.IJS of his feet l'n salah:'

With litis you ud.ll have l;otnpleted }O:U-T first I'l'tk; ah. All' the remaining rak'ua: o] selah are to' be performed in a similar n'Ulnn.er" with the same recitations, movements OJl.iJ posture« .. However, i,1t the .rrf.!#n~lining· rak'aa« yo« ~'1u1l'J.:id not recke t hanaa; (utd' ,istia.t:idhcih;. nO-I' shoull! you raise )~Qur hands 'wlth ,(lIly tall heel' as you diil ill, the beginning of the salah.

S·ayyiduit'lt"ll. Abu Huralrah ,~ relates that when the Prophet ~ would rixe for the second rak'an he would begin the recitatiun. with ~A' hamd« l i Uahi Rabb a .A a lam een · and 'would 11()~ remain silent. 'i.8

I' o,u should, h owe vel';' recite bas m a laJl, before Su.pan al F tl.t!ihah et the beginning of each rak'ah. WJlen yo« have', completed .wn~1' :S'.(!colulppo!;tral,ion ~f the second. .ra.'k'ah;l do not stand up bu: adop; the fHttin:g' posture as be/ore and recite- the tas hahhud.

',' I.br Abl Shaibah ~9:s.1- ~ M~I::,lhr~ 599-

69

S,ft,y,lf d una ,AhduUah l~~ n l\ -,al-S; ud ~.o reJ,~h!S~ "Wl~en we :p.:rnyed beJh~im;d rhe PI,1Qph,.eI,_ 'W~ w'(}\IlII~dl :fi.ar::t,~ "Peace I.al .s{1~/a!ln be: ~:,po.m Allah," The .P1~O,I)tle~ ': [tilnlied ~O' 1)', allt~ ;s~dd! ~ 'J ~u!eed A_U;lb is I'he ene l~~~O ]& at SalQltl. so' ou • h lid' "'~.y:::l_

Imam T" nlidhi sa.'~S,. 'The lj(.ule,et:h 1(;Dt' Ih ~ '. ~n 50 lid, has boon muu'(.aJoo from him ii~roo more than one "i.~,1\~y. I iii. [lie most a~lllle:~f]c. ./~'GI(lee!J:, fron the Pt'opbe't Wi li'eg~rdtn,g ,tasJltdti:uui ,all it is the basis of ~~1Je [);w.aclioo of mos I of the Prophet j ~~ B compan ions and. the l~lbi }',~~n after Ihe-l .

Say,)' idullH ,1\ bdu I ~all )Ij 11 il\flll S. 5 ud 4::: a~ so reports lI"Ult ji(, j,s $""nil/~ to [. "'"d {h .. tttSll d,/nf(1 ~{Je.;Jdy.230

l""ie,~l J~~" 'wa.(:/~' 111~11 l~ord$. ~ La ilal,l,tt' (tlie,r:e.is :ITO' t !,o'tl) I'fJi:'i(J,' ,ytlllr i.,~\rdex Jilf" "l~ ~'l"tl nici die In iddl;' ~ dli,d I 'l':l:Itl la, " fill' .,.,'1" IJdV ,;I"e: ~l~ll.. l',~'_tIJ' ''''e' tlz~~1-11h' luzd !l1~,fd(lle fl"~'!.J!,~~ to',f.,'c.ll;:U'fJ' ,Q'lul ,fo,n,dllIJ. 11 .(:1" 1: '.

S ~yyidl;HHl , al] hi n II ujlr . says, 1 ~ a \I I he l)' 'Ophet _., 1J1~L e i. ciJc.',~e' w:ill h h ~ s rhumb and Jlflli,(ho:,me finger, And ~iftt the one next (0 [it (dIe forefin ,cr) 'I.>ra.ying; '\\~ i,tth tit in tashal: 'mit, .,!, ~

.say yiduua, .A!bd:ld lah bin ,1).1 Zubair ~ narrates '1 bal when the -[0 'iher " sa . :prnying IO . .l~'(dllmd) he would place Ittil right hSI]d. ~lrp, ,'ml his, rl~ln I.hip aad 'hj t,~n hand upon] his len thigh. Hoe ,ould p l,in~ with hi( ~or!!.fingCt· andplace 1~i5 ~;hu,m!b up ,!iiil hi .. [rw~ddle . ~m:ger, 'r_ ~~li[lISI[

• Abu l)a"~ 986. Tjl'U~i;ilI~~ 291. Hnl Khtl f::a~m n~ 7~ ;!m~ lJ~if~ 8.· " ~]_ ll;im dC(,II~~1 it Jfdl(".N, ~ _:_ Db 'h. n~~ g I ~~t

.!;n ~blI ~:rajnh 9 [2 and Mil ilii 2llA. B 0'I1,iI eeree I IC~~~B~m- ~ 16>1. riO. 3'36J ~m:l, I m81riJ N~I~l'll\\';. ( ... (l4-) have I ~ Ilh de c·l,re~' till '" h I. I(Nl:Jh s~1$e(;,~1" .

70

hi's !/eft ha -d would 'be 8D'~I~,pi ng his knee ... 32 And i n ~~W' nl\rril'~i 0'[1 of . ,ast~L sbu Din~ OOt ~mRd ;\hrfl,ad 'IUs g.~.r.De ~ro\dd milot :pass beyond hils

.I iI • ,', l

I~'JI, ~'i [~.l :ng. "a .

S )f' idll.na-bdun~h 'bbll U~~~~1.· ~" relates lha: '"ihen ~;he F)l'oplle[ 1 '~'LmW ·ll In. sl,/"bM• he 'wciulu place his dgiht hand upon his knee and ~IIII,' sc his f. ,re:llJiI(ge~ :plj'''tIi~lm~',8 with h whil t hts lfL h"md l' oul' b

. ~,~

~ prc~lI.d OO~. IflfiIPO~1 l'{G ~l'(h. knee. .......

Say yidllJ.n~. __ umair al Kln~7~ai ~ ndall,'II th aJt he saw ~he '1.'Op:hel '~iUed in S("'ll/~~ He had placed b 'i fl~l arm upon llis ri,g,~l thigh and ~ ~ ~, ed his forel:lng;e·r. t~a]\pung bent il sl'g~}~ly wl Ilst pra iiill,g. _J.5

'f/~e li~ulex flll'fJ~U .d'U)ti,ld. only b e mi ad ,01.,"- e (IN'I-hl,i:' the Uj~lud:IJuul td th'~ ti,Jut fn'€nti,{J1~ed. .itt: lunda liD b'e .J'ld'se:d',at I ¥U]I ()tI~'er P:(J',UI t r~'()'t sl.1'ol,~'lll U be CI(}"J.'tJIf:(n!lFttJ~ IIUJ,lp'Id'

'S;JyyidunrL A--·, ulli!llh Ibn !.'l Zubnil' ...f..;. narraie u n'l. the Preph 1

\ 0', ,p,hlt with Jli . ,- H~lser whe he pm;a.yed and he would I;O~ mov

i

~I.

If tIl'· ts e th'~f!e ' .. ~' ,fot~,. rak ~(1h' p'~O;yl(Jr" tlulIl: JUJlt slund'tl' tfJl!:ile:

U~ "IUJr:e 1:l~l'Ul dr.e ,a'~\o'~e ta.dUlhllU(1 a,~~,ll !:ltQ~i,d ,"'p 10:1' t'1r~e tl~ir.d ~Ylk 'I,uil

I'I!. wards the end of a longer had(t.(i~h ·about taslrullhud Snyy idun ~~ AhJuinah bin ~ m;!~u:l.'~ I~POr1S that, 1L, r ihc Prophet jJ. ,\~~S ~n [he [III iddle of hi: ~a{t;d! he. \· v ou Lei land up after havin comple1,ed 1- is Ir'm~h(lJdlrld~ and ~f be 'y. as a:~ the end c~ h is ;~alah 00 \VCll.hI pmy ~f~er

• I JII' lm 579 and AblJl O(l''1/>'(IQd 9 8~

1 I ~\Innad ~ :5661. Ahu iJ\RW~O ~ i?l90 lIInd NIl~~~. ~ 27~. ~ ;;"'Iu im SSAl. I rmidh ~ '2 ',.ni\d N~u ,i 12.()~··.

'\ Ahll~tlrJ lS4l!J'"/\b I 'Dt't~'ijvd 9911.~ N~: , ~ '1.2,1, I, and I 1'iJ I !'ibh~n 19~j.

J\bu D \\~J 989. 'N~~, il ~274J. ·,~u 1\'11,1, n II 'Y_26 ~U~ al M~.~rir~1 :d~D~OIrl. 11'.nu.), naih~qi 21&6 rullld ]l~S'l~::I\"'.1 ~f6, lrr.Jam Nu~w :wli I~'" doo.larod II s(/iI el~' hll Ms ~ d \II";IJI "« J/4~.

12

~tler ctJ'I1Jple,tuJJg tile secosd P,tOS,tnltl{J, . ~/t~fC fiaal' ,-all'a'l~ J(}lrJl ~Ii~'flilld tlgam tt(l'o,Pt ,ill, .- itti,r,tg PfJ:/I"fJ.r'· ,Q"zil t'e'C;t~e' the In ~J",ddtud as b,q.Ore,. fo/Zf).: !t4 ~y p,rtzyer ,(j'1-'I,d s{l:'lzltQt;,o1,iS ,NJ,on tI~'e 1 'fOp/let . 'a JvllOJ~ I 'OJ

Ah't~'~ R(~hman bin Abl~ 'l_ yLa . ays 'K'~ab bi· ,1r~u' 'I me and M Ji J. "Shot! Id I not gl v . you ~, ; i fl ~,hn( I I ',ave heilvd from ~ he Mcssengel: "'.I ' ~" ] ~:e.P"1 led, ,uOf course. eUve me ljlis gJft./' G' 5 aid, . ·"'~ile q~es.~.iorue.d the P'ljopb'e~ e ~~ying, "~b Apos'll.e nf A'lIah~, M'{),w ~I iOl]]d the. -'salah ~ (~~raye[) be m de UPDl1 you·, I~he pelOrp'~e {]f' tlae I· rt)ltlih~[~:i hous.ehold,~ Indeed Aru~rLlh ha ' a]re.ady shown us, :how we sre lu send 511JluuuioilS upon ]lOll.'! I [e. ,'" replled.: Sajf:2 '':'

~i.).! .» ~~? ,~ ,~ ~l' ~~ ~ ~ j;... wn

Jlf i.g,'·, ~ jL~ l::!. ,.n.-: ~'h lL~.';. "i; . ~ ~I "~'"l Ji[:a.~.

~- ~}.' 11,-'- ~ f'"rff. ~". [I;~"I--' ~. ~ .. __ JtII:.. ~ ..... J

~ ~ ~1 ~(J! I~t ~j ~~!._p, ~.)~ ~ ~,

'l'~~'ll sluxtdd tlze Ii reois« ,Q·/I1., ' ,0,'" I,nOiM'" p.lal "s. erfl&,f~ri',~" ,;hnt tlzey are Jbh!"~I).'li' tuttluur.tic !jJ1'fi--ayt8',:\ /rro"n, flu! Qflf'Q." and i'f,(J;(I,Ie,'eth.,

S.ayyidun~, ''''11.H''W,~y~\h bin al Htli.kan1 al SIJJJ -fltlLi n"~~~t, 9. ' part of a III ng~ll lwde: ~,th th at l he " i:lopheit ,~., said, ! No ~ ~,ed· of !Iro~n iii eorreet i n~ 'I ~lis ,'iirll'fJh I, It shotllldJ only be f,";~t1'ech, ~(.tkbe.e,' and ~hc 'roc~t~~:~,C~] of ! he' 0 1Ut[,'$11. 24~

S~.yyidm]ru,tl Ab:dLlUah bin ~"~Ja:s'~udaysi .A main shoUJld reci'~'~ III hfi'JJ/uu:l. then send prayers [~n salutations upon ,':he Prophe~, i\~. and ~ hen pI,a), EO' h i mself,' ~<1

No~ making dut~(;~ tn rscdal1. except wilth tll! ' words o.f lime Qm:,~'Iil1 and ~h~' (l~a'd~'i.lh or those lh.alt lre~~emb~e I~le.rn is ~h<e ' ~ew of Im~rt~ AJ)liJ,

. ~ n~'h~ri 3UH) ~lil MusUtn 4100,

II A,hmt'ldl '2:32S0~ ~);Jfltr!l t502. M ,,'~~~n :5]1', •. ")' Ij, DDwcOO 930 mld N~~I ]2j8:,

:~~ ]bl!J A.b~ Shal~h :30261 l' t"im . Dhahal)l: ~I.Y~. ml1nlfm's SQ}Ja(II, '~'(n nM~g to.

~be cOIl1:£HuiOIii$ of' BukiL.'L'i ~mjl. M YSUID .• 'Al$Q' ~d by B~'hnqi :2819.

73

~'-rlilll;i'ifD:h, Iruam Abu YlusufJ lnmm MII~amI1lf1l:ad their followers, Taweos and Ih 3lf,jim 3lW, "o'ilJkjl.f1lW~

Afte:~~' c'Qmp.I:eting JOIn JJrrl:J~et''S' ,Y0f,l ~~'J~'oldd &(I,,,,V ~AS's~,la'l1ltrt QIla:ik,t,1rl nl}:{~ hl'l~lnt1'f~d:lah;' Olu::e ,t'lr:rti:u, l"o'ur l;',ea'd to' Ith'(/. ,-Ign;! ttl'd. thelt II sec'(Nzcl ti.I:Je' t~-t"fd,~ YOI,u'ltetul,_G tile: left.. 11;le~~e ftu;aJ lvortls BJ'uli J.',t'H:tr $alah.

Al~nif b~ 1 Sa~ d feJ~Jte rr1lJ\ii11 l~fs fa'tl]er '\ ~~O said. "I ~~H~d LO see the Prophet _ do ~'he .!«~t'ml 'EO his; ight and l=ft lIntmJ Il cou~d '~ trn~ ~v!~~eml.e.ss of his cheek. ~:Mj

SnY)'jdlma AbduUa~ biu Mras!ud '* '~ays~ ~T~]-"~, 'p'l)iph~il' '~!Q.1Jld :8'Y he tuk'beer ~( the dille [!if each des cent, risill~ :sfand]Jn,g ,.mnd 3iuin,g Qndl he' w'Qllld db J",d'a;m 'rr" his ("light al( ,I le~'t '~ly~ng, '"A ,,u,lnm;l '"l~,fkwJ'j ~'~a R'{,J:m'1tulill(~'hJ' )<\ '"$(I!I'tutru Alaikwll wa RtJh:Jcnlu~fllalr.' ([11 Iming $0 much tl1aO fhe \vh"WlIll,es', of his c_bc'e,k could be 5$ n, l' 8.L1tW Abu B,~k.f and Urner ~ do this ,i.dSQ~'~('

~ M~u>lim 5~2"

~4D N' ,i~:3 ~'9. AIsQ IJftm~Ctdl b)' the [fQIIQwiJ~t: '~ l',~ltQIiJI ,rnel1~~O'mns S'~(Jyiduna Abu ~ mlkr ;)JIId Say~i.1JL I Ul~mr ,_ = f\hllJl'brull liW I ~ Ibu Maj:drl 91 ~ 4 Abu ])"'. - ' d m, ~mcl l'irifll,.'lhlhi 295'; ~:mnll~ Ti~'lJl~~dhi 3L~ aclcls I~t he "~etdp.fflh is h~ (iN soh ;'el~.

74

P'31 r t ~

_ .', 1 _ _.

r ee

. , ~

- -' ", ", .) '. . ,j

M' cellare US 1 h satan

Sal': id]] na A.b'lilll :H'll!mi ndlll '. na;ll':nllle that l"cO"hen the Prophe~ 9 would, stan J up. :fOf 5~la11. .~ '~!ou.ld :sa)' 1h·1 takb.(Jor Whetl m~u.cH~]g~ E!belt whils! bowing for tuk i. u. He' won d Ulcn read ~Sami Atlc}'hu I'i mCH r. fla~lli,d(ih' (Allah hs h Md the ollie who praised h~IJi)1 when i'~liu!l'J: from nl/(, '~'f:. \Vh il ,~ ( tamlt;,ng he wou '~s.u, ',Rai>btm,~ ,/,ab;1 HQ~llJ~ 1 Oh A n~h! An 'p1l'iti~e be:_]ongs 11,0 you.) H[e would Ihen I~my ~hc lokblt,f:.I'· when :f~dU[l,g inr~o pros;ho:U~, n and ~g~ji'l'l. '!I!ilh~n riismn,g, J Ie ~ifQltlld _" 0 tid UrrrOuglloult the s~rfaJJ '!J.mfU he completed, it, He: would else say Ote

fm.iJe· ·r when snnndin,g YIp fro,m the s~i~t:ing o~~ the seeoad rak a~. 14,'

Saeed Inn nl *Iarith:r ports [h~l .. o'bu Hurairah c wus she);: 'ow abe1u :-;:0 Abu Saeed al Kb:mdri ,~ led us, ~~ ~i~'~(IJI'. He ['.ronoulliiI,c~~d ~hc ':all~(ttl" loudlY 'wli1lerll he beg:~rfl hi .. {l1~a'1, \-\flten he 'bowed into tf~k ,·u,~ w:he~l he ~ald. ~Sw,~~l Alhlm I'i m~n 11(_~n~l~daJ,J' J when he m,]sed hi, ~cead nom J"Gjdoh" when he p10Slr,?l'l'ed. atld when ~~e steod up from ~~le two i!a~ '(Ja~' un~il he corn])l I I [~is sal(jh in 'lh's, ilI1I.lllia:lfIIner.. \"When h~' 11ad fh~i;s.bed i 'wns s:aid ~o blm., · he peo;pJl!~ ~mla'ill'e p~'ayoo, dif~~ref.'t' '1,1' "G you.' He le.fi and 'f~]J d, h)~ the mJJnbar and said, '[0'11 pe()pt'! ]3,lf Allah. 40' not, care wheUl,cr' your ."G(tah d·fn~rs (from '~ilv~) 01" n-Ol~. Th is i~ how I ha ve seen the ,PlIlo,phet. ,8 p':r;:r~r ,'_;.!411

Salin :I.~ Barrad says, '\lIe. v~s~led Abu ,Ma:s'~ud Ug'bi[h bjl~ A:mr

nd asked Ii i m rc show U the pr:ili.)'er of the lP~l1et '. He stood before us in the ~~tl$j{d and sai,d the laif.t:ilee'J·, V·_ hen h,c perfa re I 'ed d'it . ~"1ik u he placed hi .. palms on hi~~ knees ~\d'lh [ids fingers li,ghtly lower d~,d di~la;fri;c.~d his ,3nrms fr.ID'm [fis· body un~il~ he was ll1o~ionles-. -.e

'L ;,.,1 'S . ..ill I" L ,. H " . .d! J 'j .-a. o,j '·]1 . .I'i.. ~ 11:-..

tdrCl)r ~ atu, '(llf}it n" r,i.lli1~:~: ,~' nl~I~;r., lmH~n' ann stOO.{iJ Sh .' h.ga~m,1 ne

slc1hllhe takbter aad ~ ell into sajda}j. He placed 'I ri s hand .on tile floQr· tli~laJnfJed ns arms l'ronl his boo" tIom~'1 he w,u, metionless, and then

l-L 1 Uukhati 1:)6 3nd ~[aII!ik 16K

~~~ I\hm ,,I' ~107S;6 ~nd BulCh iiri nn.

71

r.[iusod hl shead n:G"Ud S~t~ s ~~ ll, [~~e, pe;r,f,gn'l1~d, i~llr~O'lher' saY-dati' Will a s:imn~lflr nU~~~i~~r ~ end It.,en, {,©Ilfn~~l,c;~ed his p:rayel' p~f1ronnin~ '~I ~ ft@'Ut ra'k ~(;il'(jl/J' in U~]S' way" 'He then said, "This is [m,©f!!,jli,1 w~ S:rIlW the Prot>het &i !pl~y,,!iJ;::l@

SfiyyudimmL8" ilbil!.] Hurairah ~ .I"epQ~tt [ht'tl ~I, 'm~~~, once '~n~ere.~1 ~]b.e Ji,~a'$:#d and performed hi:s isaiah w'l~'~l$:~ '~b~ ~~--op:het tj. W~\'S 1n ~!he COtner o:f rb~ ~~tl;.qid'.H~, then greeted ~1he PJ~O'I)het 9., The '~ro~~'€[ ±ii :re1mj~rJil edt [b'a: grueling, aJ~d. said - ~ i~,e't,lLlJ~fn. and pray becau Sf. :Y'ou. have 'u101 pri:luyed. j The man we nt lb~ck~ pm:r'¢d and l'en ,gre~ted [ll,llie p('iophe~, 3ig'1l'~n., The PropJiet ~ Ilfel1li.Dlrru~d t1!l'e g,reel'jj~g fow' ~ second ~I i me an d. sajd ~ ~ Renrrn ~l1d ,pray because )1'0111. ha"e, no;!, :Il'fa~'ed..' IOU l be thir-(~ dime' (he II:m1an saJidj "Teaeh me,' l']]e }11-o~lihel S s:~rid" ~Wh~n yOU srand fOli :playel'~ c(nnp.l,e~:e' the lvut.11Il~'j face the qiblifCht prol~olUlI;re the t{~'kb:(NJr, and recite whatever Qur..an 'Y'O~i m:ili.y k~fiI;O<W'" Then bl}llt dO"1l!n until y.ou are '1no-[~(ml~ss hl Jllk'·'u. NCFW '15~f_Uilld cr-cc[ aad then fall down :md _ settle i IUQ :pr'OIS;[l,'iUi en, n,~.Wl rise tl10lIU 'ou~ Pll'O:Utttti'Oll ,an~dl sit 1l1(1Uonl.~s's". Then ·F~ ~I] down agal n f1jn(1 se U~e into pj'{)\S:~r,atkml.. 'Fhen nse U~i[n YOllL ,$italllltd. ~llp s~]'a]ghllt Do this ~:hnn~ghO'IlI~, YOUiii salai«: ~,;4"O

'~v~il~,h;~~l!r'Wl11ttd b~ n ,Aim" b:in .A. t;'ta,~ ~re~}OrJl~ that he was se~u~-d wil~h at g,r-~t~'Jlp ,Ij)-:f tbe '~l"()p~]I$'~'; s tl corn,~uOOl !:C!'m~l [~c' . ii,ySl~, ~ W'~ ~~scu~-ed tJ~,~ .PYup:hefs ,~prayer" AbUi Humaid al S(l~d~c .t1 ~~;I'd, "I illllilil 11i1:C' one ,nu101\gSt you who bes I, re[H].emllf:TS n~e Pll'1ophee s ~ prayer, I saw ~]:iillIJ :r~]se b ls hlllinds close ~(} hi:s shou lders wbel1 be' said [he I",kbe€t', al laiN',' '(U-IMJh", Whe;o he bo'~¥od down int\il .1"I\rk"n h~ would tnuJ1lly grasp ~~is knees and bend fuJi'S ~,ntJc:k., ':VihJe~~ nl~~~b~ h is head ~~:g.aJ~l ~~ \~,oi['!ld Sl;;~[11!::~ i!itlF.it:l!ifl,gh~ uur~[rn,! each john would mePLH1n !liO its uri,g'inaf place, \V.hen p:ro~tJ'a~:III~g II~. '\-vo~!l d place Ibis hands 'W~~;~~ou[: ~,pfeadirlg ~I~ein OlU or bri rlig h~g them l':O~) clo:;.e (I~O' ~Ii i~1 s.c]f}~ ,~md poi ru his, toe8 liowaws ~.i~e q"ib~'(Jh. \V~~Lcn sw~:iing ~f~)eJ Ih,e h~o rak',~,~~' he "fotdd ~it 10m his len ~ff~ot aRd, ~l~aise Croci, h i.~, right ~OQ~,~ ilind wbem siUing i~] the ,1:f1~L J?ak 'ah ~](j

!;t-V Ahit~~dJ. ~ ~B2S, iDtituinflli I J(H,. Abu ~,'Wood, 8~J and Na~!1ISi i Q'6, 'IJIllrum Ni,~~Vl.'l· says ~hat Its, brl;ad i~ saJriel1.t~ (4 ~ ,4 '.

~ E:u!-dirul, 1~':&90 mull 760[,

U i,~ml~!I] ,Mo;; m i neen A' .L~5hL'~,h ~ reports ~hal the 'Propllilct ~ '~trould hegi n M ~ ul~~/~ '~i til []U~~ i't~~d;UNJln! find li1J'i S li~c'ill:fU,i,O:ll W.i.I!.h ~A U"um'llu tillall';- I:,'{j'bb.ti .th"iif,t1:1n€'e~~" ~ t~fIjd W'~U~ll. he w,cr~1,J (Jl bow dQlW:lml i ]~to ,~"uk '"~'I, hG '~ooutd ]]jiOi~ raise h~s hCf.).d lrlQ,1i" 'i(Ju~ j~, b~~t keep it in. re~.\ve~n" Then whem, ilte' wo:~wM, :IDl~ll!:ie h~8; head fl,1ofn ru}/l't~ he would rull' p]J'~sl~nrure U 11m il he 'had stood lu,~'i\rigb;l!; ~~~TIi,d b:~'~ i ng 1:"~~Sed his, head, "fi!lO!n1 sajdatt he weu Id not proS! rale ag,~ ~ r1I u ilti ~ he luul S~l upILighll. He lJ,"OlJ ~ d [~C he 'the lalr,iyyaJJ ~ft~[; ~'it'e[)I' 'I,\WD' raki,(lh. spread his: l.~fI: fom, nn~ :r~ise erect his right 'foot He '~lI'ollt(;l fiJ).]fbid Hu! sq:l1allru!u~g, of me dc\l~I], ~jj1!,~~ Uuu a man sho'Ul~d spread ~~is arms i]1,p(m [he. gl'Qund ]n the manner' of ~t1i~~tab~.IF~rc ~T.Jldd end n is .ti10;,~a/i' ,,.,j~h tll.G ~~l;,~'m. ~2'

Abdml]1 HJl~tm~11 biin Gl1~'l.Iuin lrepOl,[!) ~'ha'~ Abu ~~h~~ D1it, nl I\;sh~,~ri ~$ su mmo.m·ed his :rn~rgrnli ~y s ~,y ing, '"10.11 AS.b4!l".i.'is! A~e1[jEiibi~e and bring together you [' womenfotk ,a.lil,c] .l'fOlIr cn'u ldren, I shall teach you rhe Ipr.tl,)f~r ()if 't he ,~lesse:llge]' ~ W~~IC) ~e(J us' ]1fJ s-tl,~,(}}h j,n. ,!\1i~d i nah, ! They came ~'og.ethe,I' and bro1JJ.,gb.t wUh ~b~!~1 thei'r lrNOmel1'fu]lJ;: ;rul~d l'ffiwir ~II i IdreIDl. He did the a'bllut ~O~] ~ndl SbOiW~d theu.1. OO'l';V t'he Prol~h!C!I, ~ would w~~~h. ,H~ performed ~ffi~8 n·M(Jfl'~ thorough Iy~ j:1Jllcl w~len, ihe ",h~ldow g'tJ"ew long and ('11'f' :odmd.ow (of high noon) broOke ~e steed up ~! I~d gave Ul~ ,eldl!Ou. The men formed: a row at ~m>e fnm'~ r the ,c!fuUdrr;o behind them In~d the ~'i,]'\[)~11en bc~~ii_~d ['he children. ~ ~f), then rend Ill.c iql.Unflhll stepped forward, raised hh~ h~l]rud's ~ :~t~\d sarud t~rniC tet~br&e!l". He '!I1i lently read [be opcm!i ng CB ill~t;er of the book and a J;tt.r-{J1):~,!, pro'UiL0':Q.IllmtCedi ~ I~£! Id&b'i2f.t 1"! bc;Jji~:ved dor~ n Into t~;k I;" 3.IUh)j s alEd, ~ SI'l:I:JM]~lli{JUal'l; ~w., hi Ilut,tcli'h'~: ~ t iU"e1e ti meso He t~]leIUii, s~i!d. · S(m'~i ,tt Uahif Ii mcm JJo,~nid(l,h) .ll!ild ~loo-d lI.pd~b:t. He salJCl itl~o ~(ddn.(J'" ~~i!td ~~e'l ~ dC~\I!II]1 ]]J1r[O prol'}!,[',alion" .... a~d 'l'ht;.' u"t~lt,e!er ~u~.d n;~i,M~t'i his, head,. ~8.i.d th l} wtbe,err' ~r~d fd'i dow.n I!! 1[0 s:f'j,n~'til ~ then said U11~ f{lJdJ.(!e~· a~iD'l ~~ nd 'siltood updght T~us his. l,t ,kbeeJ'Si i Iil th,e; fi r--' 'I, nil! all were sffix, 'He a.'l so's r].id tht= tukiJeet \~hen he .... 1,~~(1(1 U~) fur ~[lle ~ee'O,~~ r-ak"(I$~. wlt~.t1fjJ he c(nnph~'I:ed hi~ ull:ah be

79

turned to hi s people and; t.'aci.ng them, -.sC'~id~, ~ Remember mv takbeer ~=[)d ~earn ,1:1)1' ruk'u and s,~jud~ for this is the pnLye~" or ~h~ IYlessenger ~ WI til which he. would lead 'IUS at this time of the d.,ay, ~:b~

80

The distance of the Ieet inseleh,

Many ahadee th hav-e 'been 'narrated about t.~e- straighrening of tl]e rows and they incl ude a nu mber of different '~~pfes siena to ernphas ise- this

. .

P oint, such as the follow jug narrations:

:I " Sayyiduna A.Il:HS ,~ narrates that 'u.~ Prophet' ~ l'.la:~d~ ~. Pull ':you r rO·W8, to.:geth.er t keep them d!ijse, and keep your necks 'i t] line, for hy lie in Whose hands rests the soul o~ ]\'llIuhalnmad', illCh~~d I s;~~ [be 8JinY~1~~ e'n.ted !1Jg the: ,gUill's run Ut-e row as though tbey ,a'fe, small sheep .. " 2~4

2. S a.yy iduna N'~] 'rnaan b tIL Basheer .:$. says '~'I'he .J;J)',o·phet ~ 'turned his[a~~ to the peop~e and said thrice, "St['~]ghten your rows." (He tbeID] :said), ~'Bj' .Anab, YOll wU] stl."afgh~en y-o:ur rows .or ... i\.UaWl wHI make Y'0U:!I!" hearts differ.' CSa.yy"idultla ,Nu.~n'[ailn bin Basheer ~ cO!!lJtin~~s), "l saw each.man jO~ll bis shou'ld.tu· ~vi~h. the shoulder of the p~~l"Sf~'il Qext to. him, his knee Vlidfh III S

k d l! • kl ""'I I·' ~! ... ] ,2:5:'5

nee, au " ms an-'.e w~t]" U.$ nntt'!. ,C:. ..

3" Sayyiduna Anas .bi'n Malik ~ .'[epor~s that Ute P]·-op'het. j% said, "' Strargi'lten your rows, :fo,1!' Indeed I see, YGU f.'nnw hehlnd my back. Sayyiduna Anas ,fib says, ~W'e wo~dd j ol~ our ~['IDnHlders and feet wi th the shoulders

,,", -.J e""",,'t i'I iii' the n'Jil'~i1I'I'Ii next t "') • "'" ~ lSIi-

...,]],tl,II:'!.;Ij..' vl,IL ~"",~,~ ';:OJ ....... !!. ,11:~..;i '.' 'L, !~.~"

,~"! Ail:n1il~~d 133,24'1 Abu, [);;J"1.'Oor1 667 ~H1id N'asal s 15,

.~~ ~".' ~ d

• . AhIl:~a{1 1 1962., ill., bu IJa'\"v'Ood 66:2., Ibn KJUtzJ:11TIalu 160,. Ibn }Iib1J:~rn 2] T. an

I)Hri!i:QU li~i. 1 U80,

~~G B uklHWi 692.

81

'. ':_:_ ain people, hO'tye.c-r. take :8011_! aspec . of the above nlrtl(lec#z ~:llte ra~ !y and i nsist on joi 11i' g thei rani Ies and reel ... vhh tll IE! person next 1;0 [11 rn~ dU·OIUg.hoult" salali. Their under ',~~~mJin;g of the ahadeetl) is. at odd s Wi,('l 'I hm of ~ he whol,ili.1fS of ll1aaq.edJ ~nd,fiqh.

JJJJ~nn B'I!Ilklrlfl.l"i ~m· ~1!fUTu~ed 1~]C above JU;lcJeet/l of S~yyjcluna A~as in a Cm~ftp[e.r which he bas 'ti tled olChi~Wrner Ifjn joini:ng the shoulders and feel in the row.' H~fidh ['Or. Hnj a ays in is con ntell'l..mf~ - 01~ Bukharl: ,,'nih (II Bari, ·TJ~e meanina 0" thh j, t e 11lp'~l i - 1]1e stral gnlen i ng er the. row an~ the fj II m,a of the .g~ps ill betwe ,11" ~ ~

The mu/JaddJrlnm and] JI:~'q~JUl ha\~e never taken Ih,e£e iadi \"jdl~~it~ ex pres , i,. ns I ~[e[' ~ Uy b -[ as el(pli~ ned a,hov _ by II9Jfi,db I b i1, 1 I;Jj.n r, nly as a gcaeral i'ncUc~~on o. the U1CO ures eo b adopted h_ 'order ~o '. n aighlt.e~1 and C.O[, p.le te the rows ' .. r.rDjr'~ ,st5dal;" l'~~ey expla i n the actions of [11 SalUlimII . as being be: ore s(-Ila/~'. It. is "i,Heme~fy duft1cuh i mot irnposslble to rnairnaln Ihi" po iure in rNk:~;,.~rj&oh', ~.nd lasl.rahlurd, and [ll~[ re 'is no evidence "S1J~ge.~'1 lh~lm~ ~f! 1l.U~C'li;c~d, it S;~M,Ol..l~d be restricted on Iy 1,0 the ,qiytmt In taet, 'even in qiyam it ]S ex ~ rcrnely awkwasd and d~IfHcuU to keep OIl e's tlnce joi ned. ['0 'I hal of [he nex I pe ~oln. I i predse'~.y Fren' ~b.- above reaso II· U I~i tb ,,,ujl(~"~id

mams, lite J.11 "; uld,idmll aJI~ ~ lhJ3 tl{ftllJ'lh' f lih umr Ilnll have never moo.['[ol'l~dl ttl.:. joh ing 0' r~e knee ruuW ~ nkles ,3:$ par' ef the pOS~lli;e 'or pFOCedU re of (.i&fh" They f'ei~1f(1 lhem as. 0 t.l~,Y a pre--salah ~UC~SlJre to ensure [~le complenon amd s.traigll~i~ ing of '~'he 1:O'"~.. So once the g~PiS hs ve been 'I~'i led, I ~~JC row b; nr,aiigin UJ1d -where 11(:00' ,SR), y'. ("{unple:l~ ome shou Id "dQ,pt a ! UULI r 10· tu re m~d keep both r~~et 'I pi rt ~d '1 comforteble d i s tance,

0"'11, C~L

Chapter 3

The POt8JtiO:l1' of' tIl,: hands in seleh

~ masn Tlunidhi 'it,! in his SU~UUl:::

·J;'a!<.lel, i~1 ~ l!- ,11.. nd iln pr.~~'ei hi 'lite practice ef lh_" I&am~ Suhed; ,dl, 'T,,-bi"m and T{lh l(.G/m!(m u They are ol 'u:tu.; _iew lh:u 1[lt ~n-cl ~,'lft~ ~~, perferming tho,,; :p:rtt) ~f ,t~oill,dJ p&ne~;i' hi !'u,3 ~~ '11 'bl.d O]',j, hi s J.er~" SQa,ne of llt~n~, [hen believe that he should PGlS "Uon them ahol¥e the III a vel wbibn !DUIl.er..s. (:o;lilt<clld '~11'at [JI;ll~y should be ~lI~ftccd belew [he mf .... el, A~~ i pef,mi'sstb~!E' ~n heir v~ew:~

A: de"'~' lbed by 111~n1 Tirm'idtri~ the exact P{)·, ition Qf Ihe hand in '!i:cfJah ]S a poi ill of (],ift:e'rence ,runong the se:ho.1 ~l1'·,S.. The eollec [to'JI of alJ.r.uJ8t~ t~ on tttIJi s topic COI1Ulil'l references to botb posirions, and both method s hsve li"elil ~,un"d i I~ "P' II C'1,k~ f['Om the. ~ ~ me of Il~~ SDt~~ba.h", 1m i 1m ItUJ,~~,)i'. It i L1,~ewor~~~~ I~hat Ifll~rUtll 'nrfl1!,dtr~ make no 'm~;mtil(~ltl of (l]fiCi ng the hands on, the ches II as bel ng rhe view or :p~',ac~'ice 'Of' anyone.

IU-ailee-t'l'- 0"" plo""il.J,:?i t1l: Ji~{~nd'f, b,elo'~_' ti,e ltav,(J,I:,

1.. :Sayyidur!l W,aJI, bln Hujr ., says: 'Lsaw the Pl'lo'ibet. ~ pla~iliJ)f),~, 't.~~s ~~i:ghl lrand or\f'l1r lfilb!l ~e~, :in l~r,~~'er~ Ill:iLlil\ - 'l'l~e navel,' :lj9

• , ·111m~~dh~ 2' 1.

,~ Ihn Abl Shaib!!.iTl193 8" Hti.ridh Q.~,v~n hi u QUlluoo:gh~h • ~L'y,s i'p IlIii~ M1JcJ~ ~'oej 0:£ .,00 ~~hrukt.·~h ,of 0/ JkliJ'i\'OO1! ~ hat IFhi . lu{{k'e.'1I~ il~,as; a \'ef)" go.oo ~f1u~ml. AI.i::LTliKm [f-ffia'Sh.~lllIi Sindltli ",lS1o s ~}~" i"rri ili$ Dh,iwnll (II S."l'rtih p~4 ~hm 'ilS S{l1N uJ is '~:fig. bnai:n 'H~n'ha,,:i,

.... ) E~at ri,I' ~'itmJ i s(;lI;uudl (J-' (), Shai~dl t\itm ~I _T~~~~yib ~!~' 5~yS n~ I~l

1'\111uncnt.l'Y of Tinlllhjh~ Ul11' I' ~bn,:;1i1 db,! 1_' moo· .. ~ N~ tum. Koo[nu:, IItI I •• 1199 AH) 'th, t '~hh.:~ ,:] lu~d(t,rtll w'hid~ is .!)~d~. !r1/J in [xJlh .w~~ad and if'. ~ lllrnd is: thus ~ h.u~is for evidence,' Qadlli Albid, Si I dlhi at~o :!l-'1~I~ if! '1 a~I,-'ali' al Aif.lI~LI'ali'l.r IllIal its n ,II rn'llOffl are ~!Jlbcm.t .....

d i ffere ~)~: mVUJHscl'i pi ot '~'h~' work, Ilmnd h Qa,s i III btu IQl'ul ~]:Ol~gh~}~] h~s q ~uOt~ct tills, jutfLeeth 'w,itJ~ the ~bo·\~ ",~o\li:ds freru ibn A.bi SWutH~~h ",S (li ,J~~'~'$,(mn,~~f i n hi~ 1(lkh~efiYf'.j of the !t1:lI{1aeedj' Oo.f ttt .fIk~u,~)!tIlJJ· ;mi1d ~ U]g ~'~~~l~ it has A ve',['y gnarl. s:ml:(J'd. AU~.'u.irn,iJlliID Hashim oS i ndhi also ·ci!~imls, i Urrl' h±~ D.irl~'(/!lj'I.' at ;S'~Ir:t1"f(l1l ~:hm he has seen ~!his h.a{l'et.~:h with the '!JIO~ 'below lila ni~\I'e l' in] ['Wn ~er~rn(e, Ji1a~IliL1.S cri:pu oJ' A~)LI B akr b~in Abi S]Jtllib.ah ;.~, ,al Jl!lu~'mn\i:Wt I~ he manu SCJ~i:pl ,of Sha'ikh Mu h~UI1Jnad A k'ItGUlil I~'~ NHifPil!Jld wh ic~ru he stud iccll ln S i ndh = ~n~d I~le m$lml.~iClri,I~I, (lif S ~aJ.klTh Abdul Qadil" rhe rv1'utli ~\f .Makk:vth WIIJD h~s 111J!]fle which Ile.~md~,ed, in ,i\·!(~kkaih ul M:~ik;;}n'anfUl~I'h+ ~ J ma m N~ ,ilmrwi, wl~teS that A~]a:rl'm.h Qa! In Slnd~i also daiim~ in h~s; book .l;:a,n~l ,ctl.Kiram Uuttt he hffirllseH bGls seen [lil,e ,add i'tion~~lll words in an ~L'Llh ~u~c 'l."Opy of a"l M'f'~':$a~~~(q.,"26~ "ifhesfe are thus ~ number or (Ii ff~:re1m E copies ()f 111 ,ht}tl'jtj'm~(:~1 J ~ of '"~hich oon~~; u I he w'~rrd lnS of • below the n ~~ vel. "

2. S~;iI,)dduna A'I~ ..t~ S.~:yS1 '~'n is: ,a.d. ~f the $Ji"'N'tII'~ of p~·,~yle:1t '~Ol p~,lce the pa'~grmll ,(gr~·(;,i,· ~be' ~lfll,n~, b el,ow 'UiJG navel, ,~';

3., Sayy idu nil A~u I] ~Y~lii,ll"j)h ,~ ~ys:~ ; The po iJt Loning IOf' th~ h~ l(h~ tl P~)~) ~:I~~ llil IUI;dls: bIJ ,prayer 'i'51 b~hH"~' Oll~ n ~'~~I.,' ll\]

It ltho ~,g h these 8lre the iJ;\~'Ordg of Sa1yidlmu~ ,A l i :and Sayy id~m~~ Abu Hlir~i'rJ;lh .t. It"he,)I are e~lu.h·~rer-l~ 'to the direc.t CCmlhtlfUUld of tile 'Jil1phe'i $_ - ~~~nst1'~f because, aCWICUJlJ,g I Q tllie view :!IJd'O~'~~d by the mtijod~y of ~l;hol(b1l1", ~lat~'meln~ll s ,of lhe ;Std~lfd:ulll. ,sud) as "'we Wom1€: CQmlm~1Jl dt::dl 'EO, dln' ~'h is", 'we were rtJrbi'dd~fl to dill [his~' 01' i·U: is ,Jirin,~n,o.h to do SO" are

:wll)b-Jl,{Y~J .(It S~tl'iN'I/~. p&4. !ti.ll Afli/~l!'/m" at ;ftmtm I till J 18.

~~ ~M Alii Sl1Jib.lh ."9S·1" ,,\hlfl!lfid ~77. Abij,!JJ !In"~Q~! '156\, D,~[1]!~(~Ulni ~~) & ]00-0 •. Brdhaqi :2 ~r~.I. &: 2.U,2. R1.ipo~!O),;lI .!'ll ~~), b:~l AblJ Ilnr~ 'bbtlJ Shi!;i1Ie:.2~l jl~ h i~ ,lil SU'N'n'l112 i11'!/d, ib,~ Ad'~~vi' i rIi hi J!mtlllliJ &s ~,lille'I~lt]o.l1L::d lIJy A lI~nll~b Mas.l) i~~ I SindJhi i~ Dlr:ham ,t11 Src~FJ~h_" pJl !l.lU([l~lll1g 1["''011111 Kw~r. £jf Umn,lti!. AI:!'o iUJrn1f~e{t h)' ,~~ Ra-zoon as qU~~)l:lcil by the ootlllo-1 ~f Jam~' !iil,l .Fmn1:itl.

:~ Atn~ D.t!,w~,m~il 7,5,8. AI!'.!.! Kp{llitte-{~ Ibr Wlm, UtU I~i'~~ J~, 'quot!!ilt Ib.~ .Allruimh 'I l~~~ifil Sindhi, ~kl $)ir),r(;(l,~t I~I .'},~~mlJ,. ,J;6~

~.II ro 00 p~~c~d i n Ul~ Category o:~: ,n 'IUU/"" IJad(unh;,'ii~ h is: lncoueelveble m.trl.~i 'u.h~ S(J/~,(J,btl.h $ w(~I!.d,d make such C!}oo.gloll.ica'i ~!,jl[em~n1 s W]]]:uO~llt h,i!!J'~'1 ~ng seen or .[u~a:rd somcshlng ~O' '~he' same effcc~ ~ rom, the Propllilet '~" In the rgln of this p~.;ltc]prue~ t'e l:l::rlab:{!J)l:' scholar lbn IQ\Iill.d;il:rnah concludes ln his f~lm.ou:; work _al. M",gh1i~'i: "This practice

~~ k h .11'. -It' -I· 'I:) h " ,.J&~

JJli'e~ uac : to t ;,e: SWl'~'I,a~l, Ow I.1.(: .rrop ~l~"

.sOim~ tl'l'1lhO~S t '<iI,llot~ng blf)~'m N a \\~~,W i, h~!'rc quesnoned llile rd ii ab:ililY of AbdUl];' Rah m aan bi'l1 I$h~)jjh one of l"h~ rl~ rrarors of [fut ah nve nl'O h'{ftJee~h. Imam N.al~aw~ 'II S, assertiou i s Ih~(: A bdur R{II~Thnr~It;'Ul I ~~ 111 ll,shm<) is u[lj~nhnoN;l'dy eensidered wca'jk 'hy the .sch~)l~'~8, of ./.tlrll ~Il~ I" ~d(je/t (e'n;dor$~'m\':¥m, and, dispa.r.illgem;l~nt ot nanalur~)I. [-[O\!i.iir!'\re.I".. not H~~ ~.:hQ~iiJrs ~gt-ec lt~~d Ihll!h crmrmenting on lhi~ sweeping claim oD'f J.UIII~. m Na'wtll,d. l~~IC dlll[;i10i' IOf IJI,l8tJ~\'ah cd' Alm.(l,ett S~lY:&~

'l'hi'Si i~, ~~Ih(.~ fl, ~ww (h~st1rn:~.,;~& i~ ,[I:~d ~~ om, on ~hc p~r~ or N ~lWf)llW; ;M· L~ oftea the esse wtl'~[Ij hi IlDl in sudl Ull s~ ances, Otherwise, Hia~ittlh 1Illi};i!1

" r • ., ~ (-~ - ~ I Jt"j' .1,'.1 _...i,_HiIS

~ ~;ij)Jar says JI~]I (,II~I 'I;;;."alli~ iI'~ l'~...rl M~'~If,O~~';

"Tilm~idbii has dl~d:3_red ihb: (Abl£lJttl 'R}illlh~l;Ul bill 1:S(lilaq~sJ h(;l:cJ~'tl~J 1,0 be l!aJ'u~J~1 ~de p;ij~le £~yiug 1~I,l~n the: $~~iI(I~lm~ limd (]~1,e$~:~1ol~lr:d, :Iii,is m,~dl~i:lti£il)" ()IIJl Ht:loO'!ult of his flt~n';'!.JILy). all\'d I !nkirrm h~~ d.l\~~'~fiQd 9. "~,,~d{;'fJth '! ~~!fII~ rnitt$cl ~'hfE'iOugh lil'im te he ii,ahc~J'. ~bn Khll ~~i iil],iil~ In~~, also 'It:arrr,liu:ec~ a hfu{,e,r~h ruli~u&h hh11 in 11'1$ S:ah~h ~hhml,g~1t ~H~ Irtas. added t~u~~ ~'"hert~ hi something i n ~rn.c "s l~lear1, re~}illrtH 1TII,g Abch.;11

- 2M

R~h man, •

~1 ~~,]adJd i til DlIll:a far A hriil~d 'U~b_MlltU~'u $~Iys ln ~k; I' ilO(;~1 1f].1~ S!Jn(I,~,~,

~No eae h~s ~'~er accused A bCI:!i] 'I Rnhm~n of Iyiljij~. ~'h:~rolhre he f~1 is i n:~o ~he ~ ame ~@!t¢g,ory as ~bH J_',b~ Lay~~. Ibn t~,1fI] ~~~] :~~~d othcl-::S. It rn~ reeorded ~ n r{~ ~'riJ,~,r(.~b lit Ttdu~J1v:;eb ml~,~t Bm~..1~r ~a'uij'j. "I lis Itader~';, is nOl. eqlll ~\'a]eJ1t 'to flile: H(nleei.~b ~f. 8J f!apdh."' IjU sa~8. 'He ~:~ ~~f.ik ltilU(, ilCcept~,~;n~ In, U,J"dee#l; his Hadettth. ,CaLIA. 'be recotd~{t ~ Th,G'8e

't ~ ·r.t,'~d:r~pb 01 Rtn'ifl UI :8'8.

'14; t ,~J" h ,~ O"j;fi"I':i

,U~ "'1lIo·i!'(~ . nJ. &.I''!; J"

'1/, (I.' QE .• ..J (fl' J''Yl~j'!J;rri,~JiJtr.d p]'.5~

" T~nnjdhl has: i 1111 fa~[ d@c~;ll!rod at 1e.1~~, fll)uiI' }hld"l..~eih to be /U, mil! ~U of 'Nih~ ~1U@i ill i\l~t~'1 RlIhnn:3,lffi \lin [sn~~ 3~, KMJ(i. #0i1l'm'JJ: n'ljm~b.~i);: 14 rn ~ 2.052. :].; G2. [lltl;d 3563..

,0: ~lugh.wlh t.t ;~t\fIJc.'eQ fl T{;fl1.r, ej (d' Z{~il~Q lJI3, ~ 4.

~rld(J~:;c"liIifsho'lrV IJ.a~, m] e IMlleet-/i ma .. - be ele'\~ut6'11 toO ihe ran'k of ,1,~.it'l!'lJ.

SL1~.i"dl ul ~-!I~deetll ~~'o.1Jl~ana k] uhalHmlR.d Z;lkar~ yy~ CO]].fh11ll1$ it1lMJ1~, !he),' ere Ittls(m wn hi~ A'I~j{,(; 'l~ ,\In,''f'(,~Uk sayillg dll~ -~tc u~thllr Oif J~mJ ~ ,0.( ,~a~.~(i,i(1 has qeored ~,he .Iladeeth, I~St'Tibh:~,g ~( to Razeen, and not ccr me~11~d on it ,tmk. f ,e -n~nl~Qns HltU any Iw'tuJeerlt which he ~IU nes ill .hws book ~~ll I the II doe;: l O~ COn]~lt;inl on [fS f.'.~UJI~- \ rii~ eililer be J;('u,r(u!ll OJ JU]SlJu. II tli

'~'~ , ~ho.:u I,~ also be re nembered that even I:hough f rnarn Nawa ~I' S' ,iii serliQJ~ 'tbtU 'Abd~~ [ RRh~,n,~;flll i~ ILinani mous Iy - oonSi'iJdercd :~Q be. dJrae,t!/ is meorr - et (as e]~ill"ly e.x.plamll e.d [lhcJvc) the Haflj~lfi ~~b(l][iljl::s. ~Q n~R [I" Iy emiu~ - y UpOJ" , rnj:s ,fj -lde'f,; O;~ but argue that ,ill ~ s sU,pported ,bl1 d~ '_ Of her .~ In, 'll(li~ - o. "he sm te ll1 ~ nln \",,~hlcJ] I. nd i:t "hi~n mh Md

autilel!l.Uci.ly, . .

l,. HaU~j b:~JI~1 r~1S311J - aid:. ii, ; h.:-RN .Abu'· _ ij],a~', y, 0 ~ ~ asked I~bn '-, '~I~I,o'n' 5]).loold I 1P1.3it~l~ D'lV hands? - Ii Yi,lu';((\ U ~~Jjl h:,; ]lCI)\Ii)~(I" ,He ,Iilhe' - iH,diivUlltal~ll .P't:!t·@ol"gjding Iliu~ ];lira ~ elr) stmuhl 'p~a!c~ (frue ,i~lS~ de ~f hi' ,I irigl II p, htl 'IInll W j, 1:,et1t hmndl and 'Or it-ton ho,th of U!~m In~IDo't\~ ililt, D ~\,,~~~, ~~, ~

Ab~ MU'~azwa ~L frnm01lJl-libf.· wh' pas;led,~w_y ~n r'U~~a in 109 AM. .H I~ own praeucc, as (fUlorcd 'bY' Bal haql a' d Abu Da YIOod. was also to f:a men his fI.~lH,h~ be.'l!llW the j,JIil vel.

:-t lbrah i: I~fll al Nakl'itai reports tJh:i!iI.l i ille, P~~ph et " '1.

"1J~~ld OC"ll f une ,o~,,, 1l L ~I n~t ,on tl[le I{) hel" in. 5J(ittd .~ullb i"liig, Jd~R" If ~eCo~fl' Ali alIt" lma~rtl Muh,i1D1mn.ad

J~J"~ _ii'

.Il~Iil'/c.. a! S:'t,l'~'m,r ,2119~'.

~ A - ~j'(~._ ,(II.Lt-:lil.mlir,J( 3J]"1..

:m IbJ .kbJi Shaib.ab }p..~2:, ,Jlbo 'I,. -IMum:mli, ). Z,"'~7 Ith~.t -~ l ii l~n 'FII ."c J 'I,,,'i~h ~~-y ~,'I)od sru~'ffI,'f:/, _['m;m~1 N~m~)\f.'u (:131) and Mruh.l.(llHth Yll.'l.u.f :illl BiDJrl;QUn 2J44l beth s-a-y ·lh~l. i.~:lN inuld i~ Wff!:d1, U Ita$!' ;lI:;:u m'Cn ln~IU!Qj:L;ed ib:r Abu 'l)a~~ bll.~~ YoJirJh,Qul a

,$mlm~ 751 J. -

86

II tire, narrator of Ih'is h'(ldeed~) .. a., -' e "lould ,IDa.ce th p~hn M' hl;s ],~. 'hi hand en h ~. ['eR' wr is '~~I:ow tJII,e mHl"et The wri;st WOlu;~d t~iI!IS IJ)@ in 1,be luiid( hi~ of

j'h--,lfi' n(r.li~1 _- ,:!:.l-.:! , ... ~1, .. ,nlllllil~,.

~i Ibrahim a.J] NakJ~~ti a.ysl ~': .. f: r('tbe :ill1. Ji:'tli( U,i~ pi~"'rrOl§ ,in,g, t~l! l)'Ii'~,'yer sll'Opl,~l pl~[e- J, tigbt ttlrrudl l~n his Wen, beillow the U, __ l~lCl., ~ ::!:1l

The V',ie ~I, ,O/'ttl6,/ol'tr s,cllo1018 ,(1/ ftqh Hi, lain

The author '0'" tl~ ,Dun' ,al '~IJ.uldurlar., ·phlinbl.g she Hanafl

'a, : ''-F,OJJ' .e]11he fl3Ind",- ~notdd be below 'the navel.'

~.f "'II~· 11ll.lL._J )t; I,

Imam Malik liM three m.'lIi'ilJU(J-]U: L) N~JI, r~s[en'ing th~' hand ~l. m~:1 b~n 'Idling; rhern hang ,ai, the ~ide., This. is th' most iunou. rulirtg of hh~ mratl1Jhr:1.b. 2) A choice 0 fas~'enillfRg or lc~~ing ['kem llano ijJ,t the s~dcs. 3} PI~IC111]g the tldl(t ~OO' ~ 1~IIC l:.l\te] b- I, below dr· ches ,

Sl une,e

h run Sh:ill _ e · ll~~ t tlley hou~d b -lao-d abeve the uavel '~,tU below tho cl:Iest_ltl Imam ,',~wj~'w,i (11]iSIC~~i;es this ill his; con~menm!i!l11y 'l)~ N1 U~ lirn ~~a v]'Ie. 'Tiri s ],' [ltt bette r 'k_n~t\'I' IflJ]ii:n.,g n: ~J<LI r $nn.~~'hhab '. ~ L.:

EJ· .....

also $~y'5 i,n SIHwlf. d~ jW',tIWlidh'{~b, · _ :f'B ~ho~~ld f:~~{],ce 1~1n;em bel,o"-,, his

chest and aibove his ml\ftc:'l. l1iJJh; is the cerreet ~~nd clear ruling I(of our 'sK~"hoo:! "

Imam Shar~iee als - aa two ()the~' narrations blJ' Vl1tev ar not ~1i.I'e]1 k nown: Ibdo'Yl lhe IUllY .[ ar l on thii: cl1:es[.

~"! rm~n~ ~h,!I:'h['t11HI1I 1.(1 In his f(llab .(jl t~!ilI,Jl(fflf r2l)..

,,~ Uml Abi Sha~bah. 39,39 ~ m~, bUm,l,} Ml!Lb1lliLlr • d 'In :Ms. Kilab l A.-lilt, Wi" f2 t ~m'll~~~ Nim~1l 'J, -l" II~nt hs . JI(/i ~ j~ 1m 'ala (l.12.),

'in M mlhaddiU~ 1f'u $J\!I' Birm(l:r]: wri,~,€:.=; ill his Ar.:il:ric COli1r1!~nliIr_ ~f 'irirn-l~dld. ' f ·f~"t.rrif aJ Sr!N'l'lIm~, L~'~~ ()l1!f klIlo--whxlgf' them is. n9Iuulu,'r~1 Ift~ith~f, nu.ut'''r, JlJir I,W1ii.if th~1 .. r'p~ru; llIT u'gos t, [Ins dC'~ lied fm', renee of, '. ~\'"C ch _ na\~1 but bel w ~h I!o d;~ t I'

Ifi3'~~b:!l U

]'~1~am Ah~lUl~td bilifl I~ailbu~'~':;] '\fie"i.u is 'r.h~tt lhe iu:mds, sl~u1ln~ld be .. f~l'sreJlled. b~·lQW the navel, ~hi~ is hH'S: U]O~lt '1\IW)tJi~ :n1arrnlio:n a~i)d is ado~[oo. by \~'i 1f1~~Mail]y a~ ~ the Han l}~'1 i ~·d(;m\'t1.

eouf:~1 sian

The 0iPi.nlons or an lmams aJl~(1 ~dam~ CjI.D theFe~·m;ie 'be summarlsed i nto il;h~ree [ltain po.~rnlioj}s~

:~b~l .R! Qarvi,m writes ~ un 'hils Billdai j (El ftlwaid. flnu Abu Ta. i i b ~~ id, "I $I:f;k~d: AhnlHd bin :Hanl~'li ,·tV.h.ere ~1~lot! M 3. li)ll~U~ 1ID1;]£;e I~is 'haruJs Whe~l pmyin~gr :Ne IL~p!'i~d. ·U]lOI~. I.he n~li.:ci LIJ·I~ ~:u~]!t)w i!t'·~7.S

.... fi· ·~r.w ~· .. t~; .. ~1fI ""~--.~

_ U h) ._ _ 'I ,~ .... nu, '!I'''''''~.

"fh~ f1lai:'i;b:f,!i~ sciho'l~I' ()if '18UiJ ccnml"'y A~j,Ulbin. Sflt~ik'h ~l'lIh;unID~had bi n: Abd ~I ~ W,~lJ hab also s,~u.y K-

··r,';~·e . h~,~~ 11(j~ [1a~\D'l, ch\~p his l~ft '\\lriSlbone 'Wi lih ~~,~s' .~lgh t ~D~nd ~l1d place them h<tJm;wo ! he IHLvall Th is ,~1.glnil1e8 l~u.liflbJ eness h~r(}JIe hlis 'I~fd, dh-: All!11ilg:~Ur .' :1:76

'.' N'Oi~. '(ifuslt)m[~]g 1~~C b£:mds m on 1[" 'In,1J[ [,eUru~~g them I~umg i~l ~'h e ides

.s~tn i kh l~~ Hadeell~ :~1oiljl~n~ a 9M'ubi'a nlf!I!I1I~HJ. Z~~Gltri ~Jm '1~:{)11Z's; [l~e :m[h;o,rs: of N€~il al' Mflt~:'J"ib; 1(JJ1 AU~~YlllJ- and £~Il na'Hi'dl~' al .i1l/Iu-r:j'bb~{j, ~n 1~li :>t A 'I~jm:: at A,1~sali#l ~nd [hen ,c,(Dl~chMles.

"\V,~ Icrum ~rom this U~I~!f ~he I)refoell"ed, and 8 ecure ~lill'11l~h)iJ1 3nU)~.g~l the Himrub..'tH fi~ltll'lj',f~ is Ihn[ of 'bel:o\v ll:l~ ml;a~ I! '! 2~'

Thus, ij ~ reality, there are OJ1 ~y two p(Jsiiljnn~ or f'~t!nelli'u:Eil.,g the hands: above ~ ho navel ,amd below i L. No schoo1 of fiq.1i ~vOt:~te~ the fasteui ng of I~.he haads on ~l) e chest,

To a~,l I'S, EtI]~~ [Ibn a] Q:JJyy~ m iJll J:t_~wz'~~ yt1th also wrh'e$ j [l h ls Badai ' (iiI' f(I.~:ai(tj • [I. is mttkrocill' (LU~ l;Cr~ i'ifab le) t© ~)lfIOO t il~ hattiCI.· en t~\e' chest iln view of [he :llmn:utll!ol,1 that ~liIDe PJ.op~lrC~, ,~ r.O(lf1)ade ui{cfee~'~ which is to

. . - ",I '1;", I . 'l:··r~~

phll~~ Ul¢ btlflk~'~ 'O;U~I '~II Le. cnest, ~

Tine H'Hrlbamiil ;;;.(:J~]Qhlf Alaa a'i Deen ~l.Mirdn\'!,Ij l\l'i.i(e$ in h~~ ,(J;llus(u{/; ~lh~ s.l.ml!.l ~(;~ place his ha~~ds ~;dow his navel, This is the ima'(lh'lttfb ((af d'tc ~'ilfli~,~lu,-.). rmd ~I,~~~ (hi ~m~ dl'e ,ciiem" m'ili;:yoru:~:y of trw H,m,l"rn Iii ulo~r.)~':Ill

Ablal tll _ ~j'yi.b ,f~l ~~~dm:d w,riJ~:C$ ]n ~li~ 'commenuuy 't:!ll-n! Th'I~1Uid'If'iI~ lffilflJt none .of tll~ 'foln" Imams adopted dl.e pr.ncllioo of :1' ae i: 1:lI:~ 1lte h(3l1f1iJ]s on the ch!lst

hmJRm Ahi~~~d aliso ~1~Ui ~.w{) other nC;llrr'iiJ[i.o:ul.S~ U A_·wo\·e; t]1e navel but: below ~he (;he~t 2) l\ ehoiee Qf ttny c;me the [\\-110 ])m.~'~ ions 'lIN ilhtmt

tiny s:pct:]~tl~ plfef;:e.rem::e for ci ~her. -

i~ h{$,d(l(~tJl. ()f'p\~(J'~'~'n!g ~~!(uut" It{JO.~lJ .tJ~ie IC~!'(,NS·t:.

rollowil~la is an afll~,! y~i;s ~f the .a/~tltl'ett#,r ottell:1 quo~ed for 1)'I~d Rg 'ib€;:. hands. upo;~~ Itlic 'chest;

lmam Ni ma 'iJi,iI i $~,~S, i'ni:s is\~~tuJ Is qIUl.e:n;uo[l~ble ;~nd, lhc ndd i'~iolflinJ \)Ij':m'([ fII.g 'Oillli his. chest' 'is ]'tla~nhentic i)'n d not e :n~b]i :-I~1.ed, ~

:.!J'! -.' - _.loll • -_ _I'

!;MlfI M ,f;d!r!tl~{~ ,m.l

;:0;:6 ~. .f...II.' ,j_ J 1JJ..... .J. . Co - 'r •

. o11..lr\I,tIp t:t(tlUlu rj~ n'.llaJ..r.ll.'IiI rltl flI Sfjl~h. s:eoon:d .5:0.e UOO~ Oi!'tjiqil, ,p~i

ffi A ~~':f,«~ ,fJl /.t{JSiJ'J'l~· 'JII f 1.

1. iaf I.nstl(Jj ~ fll6.

. nt«ll~€' fj} Fi~'!I!.!fi;:d Jj1'.l l''-'! 111m Kh~11,;;,.ah:bliah 4'19.

Til i s I"ute 0)1/1 ," -';I~~ been reponec b:y MUil nunal 'b~ n smaee fro' n .s~llf)~lIJ'n al Tha wrl 'fi!®~rn~ A IS·,j III bh~ Kiu!hdb 1lro1!l~1 \\1 a i I. bin Huj r ,~t,. UOIIj; 'e ver it is m'fll.y M~[;Jrm Imd who repons these ,3dd i t~(mQJ word .. from "ufyan ai T]~law"".. St1f)'m1~~ 'otbar :~rmd~;nt" AbduJlah bm a~ '1.'·~de~' who ~]S() nerrares ~hi· ha(I:e-e#r from hun d'ee.s, nor inchlde' dlcse \j~ord. in h is 1I1~HraUon ,~: rec'lu7(]ed ,j I'll bna~'li1 A['unad S it-hl$i-jtlrl. ~ J

_ TJ c o:ther nt:trnU:fl~' who l~eporl r]~ e lla'liee Ih loge thor \1j,~,i~:'Hi: S tlf}, an a~ fl13Wli fro .~ A~:. im bin Ktd~db ~~r~e ~Iro 110t ~nchJ sd these ~vorl jn It r;~elr narrat lens, Ob_ erve llu! fol ~ow f tiI~· J ist Olr 11t111J'[iatCiM'S who have a~ l reponed the same .A'adee,l,/J' :fr ,in Aas,an bin I{Jtdaibl but - ,aJ:ii1e of thefrn bil\lC i!~duded the ,addition. ~I words .n';lpOJ ted b. :., uamrn ~ b.~1il II.sma:e,e ,

Zaldah as 'in hnall .Ahmadl~.$ M.~lS"lfad~ Darimi. Ab~~ Da.\~~ood, Nasa:i: ~IJ'~[,.I B am ha'.~,i, l

_:8t Ilw- "Ib:~) at M'ufb:ddlma] as in rbj~ 'M~Jllh~ Abu Dawned and N,a~t:lJi."· ,

Thera are man)" other clrl[lios tor til is hadeeth: h~Ji\l'evcr~ none co~u:i~in t.h'i. estra word:~mii\g. ""'hiU:S., 11, i:'i clear th,~u I:his, is Mmunrmd bj.l

Ismaeel's ow!n 'e.ITOne~H~S ,nddtitinH ~.o Ilt.~ ll(cute~"I'. ].bn al Qay·' il~1r:r1 '~~ Jil'\:¥ ""iyydl a] 0 S3}!S m l.lliCim al ft/t~·nV(1qql€,en. '~'IO fine has said tupon 'rfute C'lh;esO i part from .Ml!nam:mal 'b~-I ];;.nl_"etd/lSl"~~,:r~~o:re ~~s tmsm Ni ~8:~V ~ has c~~lrc;hjdJe_d 'i n his. ,rIll l.cI1e,e'(j 01 Hasan ~11t5 Iladrte tli. with ~l1a lddil-icuud 'word~~TI(g of 'upon hils ch. f 'I~.,ex[remely weak,

'1 ~'" an accepted prl ael ple of I:w(ie,el'lr l~1Ja' 'i r a certain n1JJll~~e:n i·i.e ~ nd we la'bl,e rnrrrrntor conln~rJic~s, other e.qU:!l!JUy authe .:~ic lor m~)rl~ relieble narraicrs ~g~ his word"WlS of .j,~ luule,-Jlh du~n b~s narradol1 '\ i~:~ be d clJij., d 'J:"(U1J,~l- nd wlll ~ or be eo 'pled. I ~ liS L Im.be: ~ ate \~'~d1b alJlJlhe~nHc mlitrators,. then an inregu] ar addi.lion o[ [he w{).rds "uPO\ll~ the ches;~ l ~jJnnot be ,8.cce~:}led from fI ns rrator Wll~',~ although dec:laH,·~d "cce'p~,liJbl.e 'by some, 1@H"S execs i'v,el.y ilIJndl is welk I ·f m,enn~ ]l~ko ~1ua~,nn~1 bin Ismaeel. Stu.dy 'he f";:d~owin,g observerions of the Stll.O']~l's 0 Jart~ rn !l(~ Y",(l(1. ,ld abom [\1!Wl{,un iSiI:~f~ bin lsmaeel:

At)IWi [-Ia'li ':3, :;:o.,'l)1, 'Ue i s'(u/I(JO(J., fh'll11 j:11 is:Ufu,a-h, ibm one of many ['Ii.'ln" s'.

I In artill H;IJ kl'Ul.ri $~ IYS., i :tlluanun~'d L mt~n'kaf' ;(;1 IU1(.k el'/~I·'. (People who vil(!W Imam Bt:lkbad ~I$ the t!lllfi:llia~,'~ , __ UI1~cCl~t,ty in In:~U.~C:".', 0 I.I'adfJcrif S:hOll.ld note 'hiis fCnlINini] $t:ltelilfl;ent':, "It i tltOl permis lble 1)0 'uar" mt~ f«uti ilI.1yo~e whom I h,~.ve ~iabeUed mu.~~ktrJ'· ,~/l.uultt,tU~ .'. )1

D:lu~ ~.\ i s u.}~s 'in til ](,s/~ifi

'He is, .r(ulOOtJ'1J nrlil!l. in sumuf~J., IOlt~ll" 01l&~' ilUIUY :mjsutke~,. U. 'WR<S allsu suidJ r.hal. he bt'l'ried ~i~. 'Ix)(lk~. iiliild nfLfiiilled by 'me'an ano~ thus ~. d.'"

y kub Ib~ " Slif~dffi1, SUjl'·~

'l\'bJal~lIlrmd J\b!)'L Abd~1 ~ RahID' ~~~ is a ~_rW ' .umd . h dk Ii.. I I~ Wil Slmt~ii~a:n bhl tJaw-b rplmi' '1:: hitn, OI:U' 'SJtmIikh~ '!.\"'Oli.Ild advise '~J' to 1;;,,\;(:

-IT i' ~iJ.i{l 1IIii1'l td .,''If! ~ ~ l'I.-."t'1Ifili 1t(l1 r Zl361. • MJ~,~ .f)U·W 'fl. I/U',

91

his luuleef/j. only IIft.n Ids JituJ,:'etl, are inOl Jike ~h~ lrmlerlh 'of .his eoulpm'ilion., 1\" ,'inlt:::!l, it I:) obH'f.)_I'ij!1)I upon the people o~· k,no,wt·· '~,Sr~ to di. t3Jnee< 'I[h.c:m·;::~ve ' fooml hi· nali'ira~ions as 'he mJalInt1~ ~,"'Imliw.f.' ~~~lJde~lh ~fom eVie.'JI hi' ~nbelt!tt! '1-e~iCb,~~h,;, nl~S is WOI1, for I:m' he l~aJi~U.c.'dl these m~j"pL~r'(ljulde~#1. n'J,)m weak fnJ.!'l'ilm~ides, \Ir,~C '\votuld! h~,l'e excused him.'

Saji] s.a.ySI

~ HIj; C~ir~, eNc' s~dYeI,y, U~ a is, ' (;rodctxtS'. bUll, {M1 c (II ~~l:tny. rUls:t _ kes, H,~ has rn'fjf ~,hal '~I,,rmdd ~'ak,e too '1lomtg [EO. Ib m!nclIIltioFmed."

~.Jfu ham Ifnld: bii;~1 Nasr nl Lvrt1lJrn-',~.;d ~ all'; ,

• rn- :. ~ l.mmmi11 ,aLo:u.1$ relates l! eel ~illJn ~Il' i':JItiOI1 ~hli; 1 j'm b~"COmes ('l'bl i,~IQl'Y I~,O pt~lHjli,l ,find L~~cilrc;h onc hadeelb' as he hnd u bud nlC1nfJ-Xy.

and >Ill"ed: e~,cCs.r:.i""~l . ' 9 '

H~fl!d'fil, Jbn H:ajar has :IImd:. il dea:_ 'hl hws Pa"tli ,(,,} Bad Ih£:.~ {hero as 1(/11" if (weak U~,C" .) i 11 MU'ilI1Mn~,1 bi n 1 maeel ~ 5 ,_ttl radons rrmu lI.' u(yan." I The ab eve /J'cuieeti1: i~~~ this very charn[l of narrat iOll.

\V'C nlU~[ ,I so bear h':J mlnd t'f.un S~lY yidul~ a \-V,!l ~ l Ibn ~[uj~' .. ~ the vcr)! '(;ompa!fl iOi1li l ho ftlJln'al;e_s [his 11("'t(~!f;,IIf! w~ 8, ·r!~~"i'· dent of I(.u:r-a~ .a~d I~~ I>m~~~ce or rhe peop,:le of i(ufllJ was h1 ftlSler] n~leil' hunds b .low ! be n[we,l. There ~ s ~oUll,i ng [0 sllg'ge..~1 [~H:tt he ecalra vened U:" t;; pmence, SUi, ·yaril ,ml 'IWHrii~!'li"j. it 'Ill whom Mua,lfnm~'iJ11 n~ ~r~u("s 'tIl i ~ "!(Idee{.f~,. is himse If of the view th at. the [handls s·hol'lid be p]aced belo.w rhe nave .2'f)ji

F~Hd~rmor-e 'Ih 'fie is another htl(i[ .If'II: ;l1al'rated 'by S:a,y~i:ditmna W,~~iI ,..re' ~1Ii'~ln;sellr (quoled abo - e, '~ hich s:~ry~ th.a.'~ hea'-ii;' the Prophet 8 fasten h IS h~ntl~ bCJ'O~1,1 rh.e' ~ll,9,\.re I.

~ SC(J' lo111thee9 'll "J~d'i.(Jir.eri, • ,F(~lh if'N' lJ:,wi. 9129.7"

~~ Ibnl Qudamnh j" at M,rt ·Ju'~i 21Ll. fIL~l:{U !iJ1~1"r as, quot;:<Jby .he' Oi\IJ[llUr or 1I(ot.g/l._l'ajr tIl t~ 1:'lltHJe Ull6J.

92

,-

'2, :S~yyj,dilm~L Hu~b l.",",,-p relillte~," ,. aw the - ']r'oplaJe't ' huil· fn)1fMm; both ilL ,1r'Jgbt. ·llJjf]. '~~n fI.od J [Is· saw tdrM ,bu::,e' Ufs 'u1P(~'n .litIs dles~;, y a:~Y3 _'( one of rhe narrl:uor~) des crib d till!~' a b~ ing (be l'[glu hI ,ui, Il!IipOJl the hHl above she w~j:il jo,i I~L 'm

The above hf'tdf-'2th contai t, the words 'I'upon ~ is ebest'. This exira Yrrord i I1Q' is, nO.l ft nul Y' eSltabli'Sll~d 01" eenfirmed, .:' C nu e of an '[l~' narrnrors w]1[) report [t~l,is h~tleeI'J~ from S1ln·. k, only one rt,p'.'!Ji~ 1'h1~' extra 'Wording I

Ob erve the fo~l]ow'i ng. narrsrions of the: same IJadeedl wi~nm'I'l l~~e

exira ~"'t(trding to . upon hi !!i' ~~l~S'I-.

A.bu at Ahw~s roflw t's fr1);m, .s,j,flm:k lin flam fmm Q;},~esah b~~[I~, Hulb lro!1t his .fn,du~r HU1~, 1111.1 Prophet: WQljl~ l lead I~S, mp~'ay-er iia ltd ll!,H)~ildl djlSlll 1:1.1 50 '~e l hand wl~m ~j rj,gb~;. m

ill'

Shar ek reports r,O:Lltl, S ilmik. from Qalneestdll bh llUI? trom lin'i's, r~thef' who ,S lly, (U)w;~m, th~ (md 'of 8, longe- llad q'J'ti}~ " - [ saw lki.tD place one of hi, 'hands on [be other ~:n~d I also :~h ,W him lurw onee '[QW~l,rd.s h i righ~ and once' r.,o~iiit':n~d$, his, ~cit. · ii).I

W,;)'k~e [' , 'pOllS front S ~fya,ll from Sirn,lj'k, b~~, --m~~:b fro,l'n Qabeesah 'b~ tTl . u]b from his -r~nber' '~'"Il(: s~~y.s! _ '11_. s W th~ PrQP'he'£ . place ills 1'~I8:ht hand ,t' [ .O-'~ ,lns ~efJ'~ ~ '\~rf~~£ 811'1.] also Sfl!. W 111 In nl rn ill Wlll' rr\Ol'W ~)ntb h. s rl gilt ~u~,d ~.le,1 t,

[J;\"ilrtlq U~ J i, 'I1mrra~c. rm~~l Abcl~~ ~ RaJh man b~n . ,.1£l!tdi. ~ 1:(1, '\Vak~e'" from Suf)tun from SiRl~k b~rm Harb fr~In Q~be,e;; ah b]J[1

,;:,o<I.:!: Al'iirr,lmd 2'I;¢'tiru, An\oJIJ'L~)ll J [~shim Si nd 1:11 says in Di";~m~r. 0': .':ttl',MII p,~,~ ~', Iln~n ~j~t'h Sinmk D;~~ Bfi~'lJ and Q~l··.· ~lih·wo .f ~ nml ".dIJfS f 'Ihl lJ(Jiledh} h~ • i,reen Ji'Slmlmg~" by S\!3mc: or '~ht: N'rtfmJ M'ftlrl~ ,~lI1id 1·tr-de~I~.

29!~ Ibn "M);1 st.. imtith, 31934. Nilm~rd iJ~67, [bu 'M~ja~ f'l1}9 itOO T.iFmidjl~ 152- .~m am 1I'~nni,nnl :"Jd.s Iha:t !l is (I lmw·m jf~I~'"Clh'.

~ .t\!Illima.ui :21i;~"

M j\1tiinil~1 214IrEi~ . .& 21475.

nl:~' above ~ill aUOI~l a~:1 clc;lrl.y Li1l;Ol:\ th~[ the word'ilrmg ~llP()11 his ~hesil.~ iJ~ au unreJi,abl:e ~tddilioD1J 011 ~~~~ part of one of ~'l:llG reporters iunct

(h';r fore {hi pn:niaula' 11 a rra(· Illi is SAuutdlJ, '

~111;:Ul1jmfu"d add,s in hi's al1",al eq a - Has ~,,~.:

c ~ [ have a SUI "p~c]on U1ta1 t~le_ 'WOroilil of ~··is.lllut~ dl 'ha ~uismke 'dy recn chaU~d ~ y a. Wr·li~£r. 11 e ~orre>cl. W"'(Drd~ VLI,O!U~~' '~PJ. ear ~o e II r.(1dJj'm~ ~l(ltlhNli aliJ' htuJllI'hi ", ~.e .• 'he \\fo;u~d 'p~aoe [h"&. l1811!ld apoa

~.hi~ ~,~imd'~~~ iu~d .~lot "lr~dlliJ'[ IfJJ(J' Itadnlil';~ Le." "diJ~8 ~~.U'L~: u[)iO\lm ~ I~is C~.~I • Onl) ~hl '\\'olJldhng '\~o~kl. be ~in agf( Dlel~1 'w· ... h ,:h~ "6ITat()i'S owaru ~r.tI~~rpret~~i(1Jn (alf hJ l'll~'fleel'h 3!1 i;' ~(aiecl, ~ III fhe IfUj~r4tiQn ·'V:'I ~ya

Ie cri n d I[hi· ~s; be~1l8 Ii. , is;IU It· J~d u . n (he JI fl abo ve I he: . v~Ln j~)tu~lf"" This w(Jiuki a~:s{a, la~ ~y '\'" i(~ a]'1 (life other Q\:IlllTIui ~ns C'l 1'lIlis hadl lA, ~ h~( do H)l !:CHH im 'mll~ wordi ~~,g 1~lJrp 31 Che che t • ,!lliud wO~lld also .;JXP~;l1iill why the ro:ll6wh~ ALMho 'S have not i IIld~rdcdl thill narrallO 1 in me ir ·cornp~hen j, e bl)ot : H~hlnuni ~ 111 his .~ ym' 'f~' fll' ,Zm~~"t~, Su,~ It! ln frlis J' lm" oJ J(lll.'Clm 1. , lid #\'1'- al ~\1:~Uil~i hi hL Ktu,!"

at UlIIJlifli. And A!h:;:,;t· knowt:t ·oo:n.~lq7 .

he fIlllVllLOF of .A wn 01 .M ~ abud il]SO adm~l~ that ¥ ahyu" s (:-01' me . HI' Y '00· nOl fi m'he w'ording o.f [be: hadett/;["

1'nwo08 n!Lln~-tl:-. l]nlit rl).· _ -e ,·s- ~···'I(' iOr JhJ~ used 10 p~at~ ~~is ri 2bt band Ol"'t . h:is ertJ, and then ehlSll t i lefllr~ nnn~y 'O<J1I~ is ~h~ - r' dtu;'hIllg Pl',~ll~,el', ~98

~ Da..,~qy noi 10 '1.

lil jill" .r If.~~ "1

UJI ~ ,i'Jlj,I. .(1 a.r lrJirif(Jlf, II 4,51.

~~ i\[Jll U'ii\\'ood 75'9'.

:In ff~' T"'fJlc~~l'(1 (r;'/fa!if~i~ ~1J.i15" AUB~JlU~Jl HIl ~II~IM Sintll1 ill.)!=! lit {-"Jim m "d " ~vl'all p-2' UIW, I'he :;jiUli~I:)~ rd~ l!J, !.''i\''tl u-f h:!i jli)m~[(! .~ ha ~n~ dis.1 Ult~; S[l,itt~im:t1l !bit, M:tns.i:l. :and i~ r'~lI1ML11I bin lhllDimd.

Th 1:S I~'(ltle. ·th ~ - IlU" sat ,o.dl it is~uul conm~Wifi.s SiimilRi man bi n '. bl S ~L, who has been classified 35: week b~ some scholars. Bukhariclaims that :he !iU1S 'mm rt<(lt ml il.rr~uio~l~, ': . 2lS3li says I ha~ he is not sh·icl.l1,g ]J'~ fJ:~l~f!ell~'. li4lfklb,· .JSt hll a'i l(lq'Yf!t!.b .. 'He Is a .$IQcloo:q and Jaqetlr.. ·Ih~~"6 ls SCHllitt O~,e'u) 'weakness' in his Jl,~deelh: FIJ]rttil'i1!eru:m~re~ Abu Dfllw\ood has recorded UW}Hl'O.e n®lrr, lion ln hi·, j\tla'~ _.~'sef!1 but 'w:ith ~ di fffereDJ[ wording, . '. ]sIDead of "he ,.~ asped ~l~em f~[ulliy om : l~S ehe:st' I lUI) t narratio 1 tead· 'he en~.wn 1 .d th "nug.:r$. of bi h -nds On hi chesC.1C

T.hi·, had'e(!{I~ is. also ,~'rJl:,~saf and ahholugh 11IU~·J·(jl nerradons are not re-,dUy accepted by (Jithen'.i~ '~he .t]n~u,lfi MS~m(J' con wdc[' [~le·IM.lD be evidence, 'The refo re , as some have :pa,inl~ O'ijt this nanation l bindln . on D· .. However.we ay that the ]Cl.~,le.th hrJ!icelll of Sayy.idtma \;Jan l b~~, Hujr ~¢~ [~ nrJJ'a~Cld by Ibn Abi Shaiba!h t~.lk~s precedence and ,1'h a/r(uJeedJ of S' ,y),iduu _ A~i, and ..• aJiyi .Iun I Abu 'llmiroo' are mere ac.ce:I:m~b]e to us IbeCilm~ 'L~~Y 'e~lt)~ k;i Iffi:r !llelU ion O~e ~~um~ ~h b ~ i ng below the irrtfa'~'c:}_ Tewoos w~r; s • hre WQ'li~d ~ t~u' I~01 milt"th the words of I'be corn panions i it Is. SIU 'J't.~il;Jl, .A Iso as , !lie1~fEi ~.~Io:id 'Sldwer' Ih~ yea:y \\I'orciill1g of Taw\Oo$. 's hdde«,rJ~ is mill dl s[Jute. Mo.l'e-o, er., 1':1\\"005;:ii m~'~ ~~ir(d n~['f,adon; 'OPIJ' se ! I'· the murs« Il ill !'Jjl,'~ I:i.O~lS of J br. hi I 'I al NC1ldU~'li and Ab~l M ij~~tz.

I~1'lf11 Ni,IDlWWi w ites in AallJ!~a,. ai Swn~·J'.r. that there are Q.[~~e[· aiJ .. d€elh ab·,.1dt I,~~adng l.IIG h.~nd· en the 'e, &U ,- ·ut Ilhey are a~[ \\fle" k, Off these he meations the foll.o\!Ji n~:

'~'" 5,8.: yldmlln~. 'V,ail. bin H't1Jjl" ~Ia mle .' \ "~ P ·'~.~lefl.'t

\~~Ub '~bl f' '1l~)~I.Ii!t . :He '{i.' e, VlT~n:t to~'a' s Ut~ nUI(jid ,and e· te.red 'tile mr ~bt'iil;Lb," : 'lI'a'i.;,~.' -. b~.· ti a.Dds ~i'I'h lakfJe,g,.· an d: 'th,eml ·pbu.':oo ~ Ins 1!"jgfart 'haud ov . 'r :l/jS left 1_~l'OJl h~s ,chest~: ~

I MarrU(1d ltbl.f)'CH1~. p85. IlQi »~~.~ ~~ ZJl~.

95

5. A,q~~ooh 'bflFlJ Si:B'hbtur~ reports that S~l)'. 'dull~a: A j, ' eel 'lUI rJllng {) I -,~~~, '·[ere ('I~J' ,r,IY '"Jlni:,tlr tllruy l"ij; ~I tl nd ',~C .-ifiee) e:Nlphdned" t~l, I: ~lt~S [IUl);, ,~u: to III IjjI~OO t~~e ri,~l, ~!I1iJlf.u:l IliIpO\tiJ the nt ~ne of the ,Weft wmp oil r- e

Jest, ,300

96

Tn, scmcld ~l o C'OIiU run· a tt, l·d IUU:T ltO '" Amr bjmu, M tik ~:~ Nakrl, ha al TU:['kunuuIi 'wd [[es, ,of h~m in tIl Jlfwha;r ,f),' Naqt)')r a, i I1g1

'Ib!l1 Adi:nr h~Lcfi said hal Amr . I N3["klii ij s ,i1U(IIlmr tt,l: llatfeetl. lrve,n when rtiM'll~ng fro,~ . ~ ~Li b~to;i, : unhorilic. [le.: 1)1", § im'i . ~ 'n~rr'~m ~( 1\, . 'lid Abu ~lla~~[I~] Maw ali ht!J~ doclared hiU'lm r1JI(jetif·~' ~

Tb ! "l1L~r~ct l(teft seer [o,f '~b:~', vel' 'e

[,bn J!~U't ur 0.1 Tail rio quoting ~he tqj';"f_f the ul mel. "li :hi,d~ ~ e. ,tate

ts dlC mo~t COTI'ecr I writes:

'TIf.I~ ~teald hg of ~hB, verse m!5 Dinal, "Oll Proijhet of AlI~h ~ ~iakc all~ yrnn~ pr~ie' . ~Wl(e:~ f r the • ke of yo'm,' ~d, \?'li~t.t -11;,: ~ rJl~y . tlW:e f,OI' (}lhc:' fn1JL aLllil~ ~ nd del(~~~s. and also mlIliRk!t.:: ,aU ~mlr n n,JCc' "101 ,I)' rOT tile f.i.~:Ik~ oFjouf' Lord \\'li 'tIQ1ul uoy .llar,~ fror O'IJ.eJI tdo.ls,'"·

ibn Katheer' IUIJ~, • ~,:"i(j quat d Ilh .\; 'vQ,rd~ o~ Ibn )~reer' ~I Tab!Qfi ding H~at 'Ihe expl,~~n8fon e1'1!Ctl 'b}f hililLl :is cxu'iJn~~!y good~

'1; llbn ,dLil'l ;0:[ 'linbbi},·y llll·· ~, tFficlin '[' i5, 'f~Hher who

said, ~I n· dspit,g his ,1ft !h" nd wit II~s

dgW~t @(iil du: 'w:r ,~boye 'l'l~le' Jl:3vel ..

Imam N~:m~l\"d wr'l run A~lfl;a" ,d Su_nau ~11Hl't 1'he add1Uormi \\ro:rdl~ng "'~bo c.' he navel is not :nd\he.nl~c m'lld e ~~bli :hecL The ~)h 111i~' il'il,deelh l1as been tHirra.~:edl in. al Slf}inah at .h.11'aidiy),ah ell c ie ~udlori IY 'Of . ius]ilJ1'l ibiH J)ta hiLiL1I1Il~ one Qf B ukiuuf S shaikns, ~ n "I ; lril)(l~,maf [of Abl \~~f' bin Abo S], aibah :110 ;ntJ ~n '''IJd)l~u'jJU in

nu.ttdl'tJq, ~h:fi.dged for!!t. However 'I1JJUUt!. 0 these If.1ilfii·~llons t!oij:t:.in ihc extra., wording 'above the ~llav~r ,. The O[d.y narrator to mnc.llllde ~.his

'Ij) fliT ~{~ll(!g'll(l,t II"$('(IJ llil ~6., , • td Jtm!lu~nJllVilqi}~" 2141,

! Ibn In.l1eer ,~B. fi.bmil]iA ~~ii T9~~e'l" lll124.

~\bil D. weed 151.

HQ L_. " 11-..' rl."t.. 'b Jk "iC~!1 U!!1i ApE OJ,n. II. ,i I ...ll~

.1: rnn ~h~ (h.:l,[l!~eO) I,d'a~ i ttg· to ac-aiDn~ m: sedak.

[97

add-it [onai wortt,j ng 'i ~1 l he Im;{/et.'lh i,~ A bu Badr Shuja' nllfr1 al W~'t~,i d

narfalj 11£ fl 111 J ' U ·-·~~!lU : -, 'u~ nl"M in Ab~ Haxim. Shl~U~ h~ ."

J ~::'I conslder -'d I'l!lialF)l~ hy . orne, bm Abu aCnl SilYS f h'i!'r1 8', qurn~u b.y Iran lh m-b ~ ~j:ar in his inu'Dd[~eliua flo FaM Irll Bari , ;]1 ul by Dhuh:1hi hI hDS ~;Ii~m ~~~n1 'H~ i", wcnk in Ii(~deefh; a sheikh 'who is nnl ~{rn!lg, ana the retor ',hi word c,~mnm e, CCcphlble in evldcucc, ,;l W OL1~h be }1':'~~ wheeh d/uuie: 'Ill fll'Om '1u ammad '1:1111' Ann bin ~4; I~ a ml1 h, I - ~,~ fuJh Ibn Utijal' f l s 0 ~tl~' s iu h i ~ 1 (11rt"rb. 'Fl is, pi~-,u\ ,,,.udooq m ul he ha:-:: rui ... W kc \ }] ~

C aapte ,4

There illite ,:l gre'~l 'loan}" afr,u/ee,tlJ l~il~ emphasi se he i I~[)onanre of I'~c~ting S(~~'(th cd F{uiltn/~ in sal~h. such "S II at re:~ o.r~ecl by S~yldun'~ Ubadah bin Sarnit .~<-;: thrill the 1)[\> ,et '~H.id; 'TIler, i, nn ~,(llnh' tor

'I 'I t ~l 'I .. Ii .... "i. It. I ,l~'"

oee '\l,!, 10 [0" IfIi(Ji re I' tlEl; !DiPCmlUng, ,el "ai]Jb!l" ,tLtf! nou ~. -

..:\5 clarified by d1e m~[llltlddi~'Jm,,~ Ehi,s IUl(IrN111~ 'I)d 0111""[ slmiler nlr deell~ IU r'n'l.'~ed } ~l mlUU1bel," of conn an ~. r" ~d I rt:'lal,. I the marn un I ~t·, hi'idhfid~JI,~1 11crf "rm'il1,!! • (11 d", It Is co 1'1Jptdsory fcw them Ito pnly ,Sm'''_dl ill. FrmWnlh.. As for rho sc 1'i1I·aiy~ng behlnd all Imam iu the ,r:.:ongreg~fl i'L'lII.. Itl oy 'I ire n l 'obi i ge' 00 I" - ')I ;.t~ I~ he lm ... m' . re ("~Ull ion is: ~unn~'ien,t for then. 1m un Tin 'ldh~ 1",3s ~Itol,ed 1nnm Ahm~l(l wh !;.;" mmcnied . II rhe ~,,"d-erh (There is no JwiulJ' fer one' ~.~ _,) by S:r1rYElg ~This is U he 1s alone.' [~lowe~r[e['.. some [lCopl~ lnslst lhal, these alu:~de(!',lh are nb~ for those who arc in a congregatlon and Uinlm, ehe Y

nYL i, recite Surah cd ,F. ~'iihab b himul the: Imam ];If] e'v,e~' ;5Ju1,ol1. ... his nn1roa '11 ls ptohlenmlic becau e ttl re ;.U~ I, l:ill~y !OiimUur ahl1d t?l.h of t he sa me C:[l~,e8ury wh ~d] on~y. me", io]J'J he general Orb t i:g!l~.i,;O(t~ or re-itO-liom 'widl[lrUI $pecify~ng "Uly ,ural1:~ ,::1$ well us 0'1_ Ill' other I1ZLrf1]:I,icTI S \\ hieh make h ohli~, ~l~' 10 rtC'iu; SWfW,~,f 01 F(nihtth - !::Jd 110l~C'. h is obviou that such (lIM~I.d(1,elll 3re~ not for L~lC '(nembers or d1!C C'mlgregiiLtrLOn hm ,( '11.1)1 fO~" dlC lmum u'lft! 'he inc]~~:udl'nl. \V~ canntu say .hal ~hl' eongregauen :' s obUg,ed ~o recne SO J!~'tah al J'flNihuh nd auother ,'i'JWllJJ chlnd the lmau • Cfii.f ecially when he is alsn redl~'11~ om

Loud. )q,. he ~'fl;ct is. ~hl.t the mem~l'. of the congoo~~~~.l.on alit n l

obliged to Ill'a_ at all as the 111Ulilm'~ lreclila:~ion ~iS sufficient or m.hCH1L. $0 ,~c ,of the abed« Iii related I ,~he a!F-fliJJ'e~n,e~Uionc.d pOlilu..~ are quoted r.e~ow~

11"1 Ruldlfl.J't 12~ and Mu lim '~Qo·l

I.t4 Th; ,'ill7lloibrll0n of reci. ill!: behind Usc imam wlrti1 SJI;, IJLC ro:: rr.;~il in~ 1ibE'lF. been r,o'lo'cn:a i 111 ~h • nli:l; II, '~~')l;(,

'"slu!r(ll , cf:(lt.iOtl~ J\Uti,,,'ily :

Thu • recite \'1iVfHlte\~r ~i'IIf1y b possible from I"It - 'Ql~ ean, )1 s ] . S;a.yyiduna Abu HurjJJJi,nd~ lUI i~Jelh ~ haJ '~'he Prr j~)11r t fU~~ Ir'cclitation,,~' UI

na j]"ZU:~~" ~LS pa;a of :I, :~ong.er s:rud {.T~lI_tle i,. no ~"n;lah \~'~f:hQillt

2. hl II ~ [onrger' 1 tul " 'Ih ' f S~-~yj'dunt!J ,AJbu H~Uilr,' jl'l:b ~ ,about th, on~ who pt.'dyed hIe, :irJnp,1 ~e!y ~'11 Ume IPr-0ph .~ sa,l's'~ ~ W : en YiIlli'U stafu:I,,, p ·',.l"c pr(tUfIJO!lU\(,:~ rl1lj~ ,lakb~e,''i' ,~ulLd fitti~e ',~'I.tr'~"H'l!r Ql~ an :,-(HI 1~~aY'IDlOW,.'~!~

'ec.it",rH"~, of ~~'l:lrll/~' (11' F alilul/~' aJl~(1 'lit), e ..

I. Sa yi,dUrtQ "bu Sac-~d nl iKJll H.Jr ,i ~l: s, L\~- Q J:['[DJl'e bctw

{:~ 11IllfrD and~d 'tl®! read 'lh~ "up ~'lli Il,g, ("baJlPte~' (b(f the b ok:t and w :d~ve_'ll'ro' Ilfnay fu [)"!J)_ 'il~li€ fl""'O In I~he 'Qrru:r~,," Ilg,

roo

.3. Snyywd UI!'h11 ,A bu Saood ~l Klmelri ro'l t as ~ba[ Itlbc P :0 , W~et '

s~_·'(W- ,~rUli_· klt~ ~o tf.(llal~ i~ 'I1nlJrU1~ wits eon ~CI·i, [~on is tak.lJ'lJer,a Itdl its, <Jeemlsecr8t1ilflg aid is the :...~m~l"" A'~d tlbe'l~e i, , no '$,alair, Jor' ',',' ," - , do!, ~10t r - ~ ite '~A lI.1'Jillt(Jl~ • '. i " ,tliIJe' ullenine. t:llu)l ).t(1~' of '~ ~e b'ODk ' ,81ind ;9, s,fl:r'((Jli hili an ,ohl.1JaIIOiry ~n.' on Jf' (~U',myl r \. ...21

t:\h~lid(!dll ~uch 9.', those mentioned iIDO,,"'.- whi,cbu 'S$ tlitcob~1g·ltion Q:r ,",u"{l-j,i (;d Palilwh (0 l1l03ie, are for [be Lnum, or ~,he ~rtd'ividrljtd f]Jra)t]ug aiO,ii, '; I tOl the muquu.U p.ray~llIl:g behlnd someone .. Inuun l.'irmidh] has quoted ~nwm, Ahmad ,'""ilo eem iTf',CU~ d. on th ' above lu:uieelll (TIt, re 1, ~~o sn'/(dl for 'One ' ... I by :' ay log 'w lib '5S ] f he is alone.' Till'S, is also the view of Imam AtrWl HflJnif3th" [lnam 5\,1mm~M I m .. 111m Abu ~~aJl ;;, I~" mn Mu hamiill"ld ~ ~he,ir follOY.fecS nnd rh ~ clear n\l;ajoI'~ ~.)" '0 f' ~hc ~~lmnltJ.

Rec,rtali",n b.€,lt'{'~~d IfJ!(J' '"m,CUlt w/d~ ,l be ts al~,o' reeuJill,g: 0,,,,1 alfJ',r~{l.

Alla:1h 'sa)ls:

1., S yyidl1[la Ab\J I-TJrai~' !I, .. says. ~ _ h~ !P~_,- let' tIJ,rllJ d

~nr(~~llil d ';}Ir~et· ,fBi. s"f;a,~ Ii 1iI, w~~~clll he h~ d f~ci.ted I,OU.I~' t He ~"Jil(]m '~d; '-' ,I, a~:l~ 'Ol~e of ~ 01 ~~ci,~e~~ b~Jltl'il'ul m~f!nnl,11 ~',llh!d, " {Ud~- ITh'~ '~l'rop,h-t ~ ~;ahl HI S~l",V:~ '\I~rhall i>~ lt wi'UlJ megl I llUII~ beill~ II t'iU!ll~,et0d ~or 'the Qu,ran., A, r the

'Ie-o ,1 h~"lFd Eilf)ri~ r :'~~ ll)rlJ Un~ Pr phe~ t ]~y ~ J~o]J,ped ar~dOnB lVlt h ~lj 111 (bc'b':'nd bhl1) in It -.r. 'e SlI'ltd in ",,'h~(;JiiI he '\,·Ol.l,d {l,ra,_ lo~dl~"'/ ~1

~~ 1 T.lrnnidhi 2.3& H'c 3:cfd:li (hat j[ 'i'tQMU" I~. a,l A."'rnaf 112D:L

~ ~·i I1lilk [W,. Ahtt d ?700~, ]tm M~~ll ~49'. A;bu D;3~'OQ~J :fU(~. ~nmt~dl1ii 31! 2 and ~:us i 919 ..

101

2., S~yyi,dILllna Ab(!J! Huralrah ""'% Ire[KHts 'l:hal' 'U ep'O',Wu.'d: ,~ 's~'~~J" ~ ·1~I~e Imam ha ' be<en ,apt) O~ln~te(ll SO ~'I~~l~ ~ e "'lil',]! tle 'foUo,\~c,d.,

- -

Tl'aimIllls~ ,",,' II len he says the Ulklu!itu"i ,:t'(DJU ~u2l' Wit ~:Is~- :iludJ, "',I~:en be:

"eei~,e5 II' iJlm~l i n s"]~n t .. '~.'I,

6, S:aY.y;d1!,~IUl Jnblr bin ..li\[]duHlbL ~ relates 111HH the P'I;Qllhc, .t sililid~, r£'Onc '"N'h~) p nl.y~ bte'ifruli n d an h;na1ll1fi_" the lied La iu II of t 1. e ~ -~UU'I! ws su fficient 'fg'f hhlrIJ.,·,n~

3. Sm':yyid~~ ml A bu ~VI,ij sa {II ~ A~h~~!'l'~e ~ l'i,Ur~'. '1 'he PI~,~phct i!,1 t:tIJUiC~ ~, ilIIS 'flll.fd ~ ~\~l'bb"iU you. stand 'up fo.r' lll'a~ ~e'l~ 'n~flfl one ~If yuu ~11 oilil~lmI 1~D[I thifl; iI.ie$~j; ~ ~~~~ \Vlrue~11 ·t·ll.e hH~. 'eei~ies, rema "n, ·l· ~.'~

.!;I ~li~. r

T11<C: above Iwdi!,f!iJ~ has also been lx:por~l;!t1 fl\1nl the Prophet -~ 0111 t'li1.e~ :ilulhCJ:ity or tke fo~k)l~iing uoble S~du.iJJlm!J.: Sfilj'yidunu Ana!:),n'~ Sa~yidm1U~ ibn AbbR'S..JAl Sayytdul1~, Abu Hur~dr~·'h!~~~ S:l} yidlma, Abu Saeed a 1 Khu.dl'~" ,l;'::: S,~t~~.Y:idl~-n~ Ibn lhn mrl' .. 3<.1.l S a yyi,liLma A H'I). ~Vh I S<it;,vy1duna Abu a i Darda a ~. 33~

4. Abu W',a'i'l reports ~hal S,~yyiduna A.bd~tUah ~in >l~8:"m:l ~ "Vt~S, [:} sked .:J;I)OlU' pzd~ i ~~g' behbld I he W mam. H:e replied, ~ltcnulIJ"'n Bn~n~ fOIf I~.b~ if:ce:it .. ~~i(Jl1ll! (.vf. '1:lu; hn:~lJm). ('"'01' hmdeelfl there· L a dutr lu s,ata.li J01r' '~<''IT~c:lll the ~··~~tafll ts s~wmeb:[d fo~ }~o~m.'~ ,H~

1. '\¥ahb b:~]J K:i_~ysi!m re]!l111S (hal 'he lr:tJ1!m-d S;,tyyidunn ff~d)i. bin A.hduJloh....;.~ MiY, ·He \Vb' I P1."~]~!Si ene ,mil att li~l whidl he <10M not recite SU.ffdi (11' Fa~ilJ,illl; h~lS la fc,ll:t _ alt IfU"lfll}·€d 3t all:l~

; - i - -, - lV

u~i~~ he .JS b~ll.nAl . "'m ~ ) IlIhlil In" • I

5- NaJi" reports tllid. "'hen Say}1jdlma Abd~I·I~.a~~1 bln .. mar ..twould be asked, 'ShiQlIJ~!ld ~f~e lr'Qcl'l~' brdruhul U~~ hw~a.IJ"g;?l' he wou Id ·1~(lJy. ·'V~1!leW:i iI)~ ~ of ~rO~_!I [~n_lyS h chi ad the h~u1l. then Ih~ I'rnm In - s re-c]~~'Hfj~l i~ S~ "f::'i~,nt rm' Ifbiru~n. ¥l~TheW1iJ h~' p I,ia~' s ::.hl.wc he ~"llho1llhjl :Iie;c:it~. Naf:'H' adds, "Albdu~~a.'Il bin Uflilt:"ll' -& wo-~II~] nQlt lII~dl~ l~ellii~lld {!lIe IIn~'ml.I'].!7

Rec,i'tiltg be/~ f~,rd' (J U ,/ UUUU' iu {~ift} rtl !:01«11 ~

Not ft~llins Slnw)r" (l:J' Fmilillh bchh~d 111e ~mam in ~m) }-nhlh i ... 11~e v.lew or hnam j\hH H. n~r'ah .. Imam Abu Y!Hlllii~ Ibn Ai)i L.lyl~~, Sufyan QI Thawri, UiIS~Lfi bin H·;])'y. :md their foUu\'v-el"s. This. i ... the 1ll0~1 ran\Q~~~ \'1;rd.k~. ·~~f rhe ~1.~n~ln ,fiqll t'lnd il is a_~o mlt" or the L1arrmunn!'>

:~ .. rmnnl ".~titl ~Irn~if~lh ~ mcr;:l[(le,i iI!, 'II:..: M~~,'I-1fad (if Khadafi ~~'_10! ;II~LI j 11 Jw~~ i; III Ma&~i¥Mt~'f1 U3>4-; I ifri.Lm MU~l ;lmtll~ld i~~ lib, tlj -'trwtw~ 11 i i1lil!d il~ II L" Kl.wh Ilf IJ.jJ.]cJj I/U8 '!.\,ilh ~:n i~lUl dcclmUilL~d/k'eh by rrJ~lfidn Itl,tt.r al D~e.ll Air.1I and hnmn Ni~l1!d'll'-,,'i .)64. AbC:HitpirllllC'd by Ibn Abi Sh~~~L'.l~1 3Stl'l '\!I;'i~h .111 i.~.l.i1'i c!~~"iiru.:d 'iatrr·~h \~} Uilt I~I l~d~,!;! !f~;:\l'!Ii 2/218: .f\~Ulm~ II' \ ~1.:': AbLI hi I~ n u rn:~Ld l. C)5()~ :'\ lluuJ 'bin "1~lll-I.X!' ~ ..... i III •• 'illihff.l~ j~'n:f'Ni as quoted br h1l1Y:lIU N~lHU_~ i 3 (;!;J.:, Ibn }, hlj:!liI 8~O~ Illh,w .. , 112 P w t!l.11 an il,~{jY d1o'!clm'od $(lIr~; lJ b~ I i,~fid.l1 ]hH ,L1~ ~ hlll~'ilm fi,_..; tncm~"" il( I hn I he ( I I~ l"iJl~~,~ ;1.I'.d IB~~h3t:~ 2R9't,

~""l! lbL\ i:-hbb~l!l i .. hi I.; tIl Dh~tt~fi.tl(" !nOi. i11~r'llll'liL~ llJ8'& I ~5·2'.

~'111 F"., • ;.., '!II!'!; JE<, ~ .,'looi'l.

~ ltqllll1i~ I __ -:,!' L-":' 1 .. .11'-1,

"" 'f:filb:ll'1i~lilr iH. (J' M'II~jui~~ .a' rlr·m1 ,[.'1 ~Ij~n ~I;.'(I h'~ II.l.it!:1h Il,i~'i!!l.llr.Ii .211111, I '.i~h!h. Ilriilltmi!i jO;!i]'~ ~hal TIiI..:: Sff{uuJ il;iumaijH~ 1 .... ;'IIh)OI~ ;]] Ahdi who i~ ,tlm1r,nJk,

IJ D~fU l\'hlll~ 1225 •

I ])01rul}1.1~ni ~ 'l)ill-

, ~ 'If";; , ~? A'!<i"

!J.o!'~1J[\IJI~tu~m ~ _~o<lIL

M~'I,lik J:as 'QjJJ~] -rinnich~ 3 'L 3~

}~,~ Alulll,ld g 13 ~, ;<\'hio- ~(.':pon£;d by i\ hlfrladi b:illilJ 1\ lance nnd ,,,"\,bd bin :~l'l1maid ~u ~~!ei II wr,tuil:l.d!i: \~ i'tll .~ Xfj'M~~Jj ,'ftm;«d ~~~ lijLKWU:ri 111 M;dtml nj,' lil.frlft~l~ (,har~!I;J[, ~5Q.. katif .... ,tJ' "U. N.m·.u'l.':d: ~1IsiJ) by u.n! Mll.i~h Se\i1'h. }~hu f)~I!. ... :ood W, NL'iJiJri 'tI1~ ~ ~. ~2~ ;u!;tll ·li:.1h::.w~ l f211-. Jnuuil N'ilin.aw,il :s:Ji~;" tlhi:1ll ~l~ i~tJalJ is. !tohi'f!h. hn.1:M 11\~ul Icb'~';; ;!l1 bft:~hn:fj:i,· i '!;,!jlle,wo,dc.dJy C\OJKJ~I~.t'i.!O in hi' l,trot~ln ~'iI K!d~«(~ p I ~ .. ~ • h~~ Il~!J b« h:,J~JI ls :;~uth.CJlIi'(: ~ifoc:r {_~ttOlq'ng a number or ~'j'MrrJi(J 'l.\'.l1 o hmi~ dec.la~.e,j .il $r~/J(~:di' 'hl(!'1 LtLJil\g i I ~t~Il!11 A II m~.

•• ~: .O\hHlI:/!d ~ 92'24.. ;.tI'~~~~m ·~a; u fls ~lIld! ora IOf!~CI.' ~1iII'1i'l",i .ij)... ;:uid 11m ,'\IJJl1J.;!Ih ~7 ..

,~~ ]1[131111 Muh~II!U1l~MI 1 Iii h~z.;. f~r .MrtWmt~J I 2'1[11,& 112. 110.0 f\bi SIi~li~bi1lll~, 378(t f'ln~ -W~haw, '1'/2 ~ 7. ~ ,~~~m N~m;Jwi :-.ay.s .Ih~~ i~s i:.1im~'(l .i.~ 1-a-IJ'('.c$r (.}&'))_

.'!1 MaUk ~()3.

102

1'03

A 1llJ,a rnl)e~ of t] ~n;~fi ula TI'(l have elso frJ e]~ the view' ~~I;~U, al l:hO~ligh not (Dbl I: gat ory , U is better to recite ,(jlU'itll.t ftJi ratJiwll beh ~ nd the hrtJ~nu ln sHcnt Si~l{~'h Sllle:h as Dhu/rl' end A&r. Of done, it ~houId he' ~o qu]eU~f and in such ,n manner that it does ~u.u- confuse .,e1~'tc:l',s OJ cJ~lS~~1 'Jili~(1b their rec'il!;at lon ~ c.s,peciaUy tb~ ] mam • $,) 'I'he desi r,abi,H~)'" ,o,f rt-e,.cltlng Sr,wah ai f{~liha"lr b·ehind the Imam 1],1 s:i!IlJtUJJl ."Jalali has also been narrated f~,'i'Jim illmtl.m Abu ' ~a~Ii'Ff~'h as Men'li,Clted by Za~'lid~ ~1Iil ~, kh(jl'a,b,(;i{~~,:~u ~~~d mere rii!l1!l101J:dy- Irom I'na!~nn M'uh~u~ma'd, 101,(1 Hj]:sa~~ ,~! Sh~!libaill~ ~ a'S ql!Jol<:d by !~~n~l:y ,a~ thors. Thi ~ 'wn:s :Ii l:~!) ~h~ view of ~nntly ~Iater HI fiJiII;fi , I~'ianm i~lc Iud ~n.g IJnl~U:llml A:~nl "l'tS ~~~ K.·~jbe,e.!1.' (one ef t~h~ S,Uldelil:~,s, of I ~t~ am M'ub:!l Ui9lmu.(~" d, :;Uj.4 Al~O~ S!t~n~t:h ,al Tasleem (d. 73:1 AHl. Mull,a .Ai'i al Q~!r'i (d. IO~ 4 ,A.H)ij Sh~1id~ Ahgnoo ,~1,una Jeewan (d, I ~30Al1), Shall Abdtil Ra!n~~m1'il~b\'~d and hit son S~lm;~~ \Varnl~.ua.h D il~,lhl'~] '(d. 1176 ARl. ,ilUld AI~}mttfth Abdul HaYl1 L,tlrC1lth~ulWi (d, '~304, AH)~ Man)1 ,au-thon i nchud i I~g A~hun 311 Abdu'~ ~~iay y '1.\1ckhO'lw'i anti S.ha~ kh AluliH.Uj 'Mulila Ja.'·VlAml. hR~e a-ctunny HSCliubed 'Inc ~hoVie 01' in krllli to a i ~lr.Ge gl'OUlP ~,f I:hl.~~fi jd((~i?~\{ji ,~. Ul ~t 110'[ just ~ se~ec~, :f~w.

A'liu)!(j;eeU~ {)j's,"'yi'n:g· A.,tIUe,lUli ~i:le,~,~tl:l'

,~ . S,ay yhJ.lilllm:~.~ 'V~]j IIh~n llg;gr ~ S;.lYS", '"Tille ,·f'Ollbe.t: ~ hid U'~ j;w Nal'l,~~ .. , ': hen he -~eU;t~, ~,Gh(,rJriJ ~W(;tglul.hoo.bi IU(1.U~j~ll. '. '. ~ he said A"ltl,eeu srnru~DlIJUy, (LUe:r,Il8~~J~; ·,[f)~ kJelli~ ~lis ',:oj~e s['e~ttA~w.,-) flje; ~~sQ< ,,113~G\fJ hb~ '1!'Iilhl~ ~uJJ~ul OJ11 ,lilJ~s I~h h:~mrltl~ ,~n,d !f~;d. the !O,S!Blt1~i'J" '1\0 hii,s lrlig~l~ and :11~ft,""~JS

AJ]mnah Ah(I~ll l'l~yy Lw::klumwi 'h~:-;; a oo~mprehen$.~.'\,!\e wor'k e;(C~~H~h'l~ly (:tg~ t~~,e :mbjec~, 'iil~~d Im~m ,(1,1' K.almn fi ~'J!C~ ,r a~'~U;(l'q hi ,(;1'1 Q',~nN~I.' KI'lll.if ai' .liiW,~U ~I~, ,~hidl, after ,e;2'aensi ve research, he ctDu'lih1.des [1~at Ih~ above ~ ~etlJ (the decs,h-a'bi ~ i'ly o"rr reci ~i[lg S,~ut1h ol F (~'~l~~(J1i '~bi ncl ~he ,~~i;j;tlnl ~,n '~,i I~lfl~: "trn'lal,1;) is '~'h~' moslt cosreet. MOlikLn~ Dh.~\ "aT Ahmad Tit~nn V'i ·Ulh~n • ni ,m! so dedicated ,n. book .. FtG.lih',f.d~ 01 Kldalll' fi "d' 'yroc~'$ Kha~r (JI .~'~utWI [0, [he ~'QPj.c .!'Il whleh he eonflrn is, ~'hll~, it is 'pennissiMe ~;Jr ~lle Icongrc,g_ation to recite Suran- ,af. .Falill'al-~' ~b~nd ~JliI,e:

Imam J,n S~]lio<llt. .It~~'(:dt

T:he: above l'ititdee~h OIf :Stil:ry~.d:~ma '\VaU Ibi;~ :1i,uj1! ,~ ll:J;~t~ been Wl~ll[llted by b0th S~[~~. al Th~w1'i ~~Jcil Sh'uooh. iIlo~[~ of 'them dJff1~iL'" in iu \,.,orclim,g. Su§y.~n says ~'_'_e ralscd h:is, voice' whllst Sh'ubah sa~'S,

He lowered his voice ~ Sc.lme ~chnru8ilf~ lrm\3,ve InefBn~d ~he m~nal;IUi[l or S~~fYOm1 argtli~g lh,a~ S.h'~t1'b~h eercd in hls 'rep{u;( of the same lMliet!lh. ,H"owe~er~ tl:lIi,s, is !II1!Ut accepted by other nl'tU,luJ. They IPm'~ef' Sh 'ubahs narrerion over 8uf)r~'~1'~,S and have gi"" en del'~Ued mil5:'~firs '~O the qtH~~.sI,~OUJJS raised ,aib'm~ I Sh 'u bnh ~'8 rC:PQrt

'QI!lQtir~g, Imam Btllldlra~d 's obje~Ho:nls, ~'mfMITlU Til~m !,d~rn'i ~tfrheli 'i n lids Sll:rt~IJi!h,

'J nJeard [\1uh~nlrn1ad titl lh~ll(:har.i) Sii!.~l (bm ~he J~tuJ"'I, of Suf}"ml is, moli'"(!i s{lJreeh th~ml th~ ,lkj'(;l~/t~ ~f Shr~fb~~h 'hll ~'hhl. ~'f.!g;~nl Sh "I]'bi'i!h ~a~; ,~rr.edl 'In u t1il[a mlJ!t"r of !]!,fij6~$ or '~h~ S l!(Idclr:I/~'" H¢ ~a:ufj;~ ll.haL U1.i~ ~s: tdflled ~rom "H~ f AJ01:J [Ill AWlb~~'j "yllerl![i_8 it ls "" : lujr l}vn ,~I A~lOO~" '\' h~ ,i~unJa~ is ~~ AblJti ~~ ,$R~m;l. "! He has added AftliUliIU~lh ~jll1 ':VOOl 1~~ lire c'hah~ of 'OarmlID"UD eWIlI thollJgb li;te is nol h~ il. rn~, ~UjS, lin rac~, ~A~I] m:ehl'~c~ by .B~~,r hi n a1 J'\llbas (di reed)' 3.1IuJ Wi.'lhoWlJ~, Aiq.BUIlt'h) foom ~V,,,il 'bin Hu~[. Sh"ubnh has i'!Jlso said '·He lowered h~!j, ¥oi~"" e:\'~nJ nW11:gh i t, ~is '''He: s.['~~~h:42d 'h+s \: (}.'k e."

;,.11::1 J\!bu Dr::.'I,,"!LXid Th~~IU5 ~ I,024~ AhnlJal.cl U;J6\J, liinrridhi 2'4'S .. ~ TIII~f"".i'I'I!i ilil 01 M'rfjam tC]~ j{,a!J i(f~; 2V4$ 1'10 109. :22f9 lilO :3; lit.. 22t415 ,lii;~ l]2: D~.fml,ut[ii ! 2:5t.. N.~l.:iN,1 29!13, ,i,t_nd Balhaqi 144jL Hakhn ded~ it sah.e-.cJt ·lll.0: ,fDh:a1!mDi ,~,grCed',

105

- i ,ml lhi ~ j,h memi ned ~n(j'h' fUU/,I h~~ I, f file lu~d~, III ~~ his ,ft} !.fal (II K'~'n"d" He '\\' ites,

·"1 Dlsik, a; d )'1t1h'-tHa It; ti hi n [ UriOle..: 1 a~ lh.kh~ti)~ ··D' AI 1- mnh 11 ~,r hr rth' 'lh (1'0' n Iii ... r ~[I ;~r " .• J I e n~,p~ i ed, "1e was. 0011'1 s', nW~l~ h.s :lJh'J' his rmi1("r\ de, 'Ih:"

mam 'hll~l\ Iii. suys in. all!',,', r l(, the- ~dlOV ~

;'...I~f (~'d b,' al B~~kh;.r~ :;m un.~·(;."p'.~bh::.

Hr.-.I. 01, ~d I his ~yi 11:9 lhUl T lIir i~ "1T~n , I ArL'1h:I~'~ i ~ hK"~L",I!I,;"'t His t le(!: l; III • llii .. \ n no;, 'in U hi... ~"\HlI Ju:tn\" zh l lite h L i8l1lf.l" S (UtIlI e . A~1IU ,d {\nh,~ .. ' Imkl Ihlt~'c is blO1hing preven illg him from hDIJ\ i~ig • III ~h ,If kmr' ,I, "A, I I S", ~l n.'

This ~ as b en c I egorice II}" M U,~i by U n IH i I ~:ta n III Iii s I{Jkib. (_~J ~ rift ml I ... It re h;;;;: ...... I)~:

~'H njr '~in ...\,n oo.!o. A ~~ 'I ~Snt IU ' ~ Ku,', I~ j . be who Is ttL (1 called

I~uj r Abu ai A n~J~, ] I ~ If! ['I rra .ed frnm ,\ I ~ ~md, "r ai I bin 1 .. lruj r '. ud

,~Ia ~In i I'll 'Lil ~L , pl· ~ luut "Ih t"l t hill.:"

hn. III . inHH ~ COl l; n res:

•. y}'~jl al Th •. wri hUi "11.-.0 l"olh-l"\{; II I S,b·ub:.h in 1l1n. ~1ng rro~n A b'LJ ",I Anb.1~. A u Da'!;;. uod hiltt. rec I (k:'Il;]1 ,I "u~,/t¥',tlr ~'Im the dl~L,I1t:r uf . II 'I i\iilh he r,lrl',w.·n' IUI', I: SI!lf}mu rn HI Salaw II. ~ILn K IHH Irorn H~jr .,.\ hi i~ 1 ;\ ubas • .1.1 liou.lhrLI rilln.

'n;iitJa~i has .. 110 '1 ,lin h~!'. ~i ··~l'IW (~/I,,:~ln.'1. '~As r,r biti: !o l:Jlen ~ ~~ l • ~ Jt~lr bi r.~ III :\nb~l ~. it sh oHM be ll.1if)wn ~ha~. M u1h:lllrb unad hi 1:'1 <!ul r hns also ! ; ITa ("ILl the snmc ('Ii In T~ ~ii\ ri.

·'I)an1Ilulni h'Ls ah, I recorded a lrL~d","m ilill his ,5"MJ.W ~ iu he ch,.]lt!.>':r (If AWr.'ldl \~ Wlb 3 Jt!r~,lltl [hnl cmui1inl's, Slilryan 11;)'IT;;lui:ng rn)~l s, ,lmn~lh l iJ . UJ1W J fro 1 I U"IT bj ,: II t\ n b:so. D..m 1'4 lIlni add·. ~T1rI bS is I III a~ Alnb~s,'

"h ij • L n. ~ mJr·i\CU lhiJ.~, S ."n i l n I ~1,1 ne i 1 frJldng the mune of .\hu ~~I AIJbK~. ~u f,lC"~ t\llll~anlrn~ jj bi'~ K:'Irchccr. W':"I' ~t; :t1f'~ l'!..IululI'.blr h~l I.: ~dl III 'n i R"'d~" n:iF'I~ hi ,'hlC d~~ ,ill ,t' ~~ r) In ill Tlw,,., rio

'Ru[·ll:J1'j" ~ ~, ,..,en"un lhu[ nu; .·~U,uU/lh:? ... S !lot c!lJi.ltilill AJ !lIH:ah rnld S~ ''lib Ih h.:J~ Ill' ullon~J Illlu~ is. ~LI~ an orr I. b ~eml. c :n:connng I~' !SonIc uan.~(iOil • Hl~r : e nllhi .. hi lil'f'lh I'r,rml t\~l['ilUI~dl (,'['"I,in "A~ r~l ~lld ",I!orD direcll!}' ftODl \Vail hihm ·u!f. In a n.ll~mmO,L1I 0 i\llfll~d bi[l

HanOOtJ Jiujr Aim td An, as ~LrIJ)'~,. ~"I hea d A.b.]aliLil~b b'lll1 V ail ~~n;aii" Irom w~ i'~ und I ~I '(I' h.1:urd \'J,/, It hi mse 1,lf sn-y,.,.".;" Abu D:J\II" f)~.HJ aJ T:iIJY~llisi htlls also iCL:,~].tt[. ~ si nih~1" ~h:,~:n fif l~~b Im(/("(1"t I hi /Ii bic\1 H1i"!' .sal's .'~ heard ,AIOlal!n:dil bin \Y'~i~ f;1.iJtml.ed from W3i.l. and l: "d~ he~11"t1 \Vd I hi ~use1f suv ." .... - Abu 1 ~r lin I K ~jr h~,· ~l ,rep ~f'led a sjmila~~ ehain rim I is S~;j,r.tm when!h.1 Uujr n .. IT~l!~~s. from A~.~aI1~ ~ ([10111 'WaU as d ~Ii fn~ ng W Ileilm- i I. dim'ocLI" 'f torn ',ail hi rn~eI r. Thus it ~nl'S

an csl~ ih~h~ Ii it Sb't\'Ixl~ 1ilI1O le fll) J~ll~at: in iIF!udil~s I\~ I:llIN h hI fht:. : '(mud,"

Some "c~f~~h~1 ~ I,Hl\'~ preferred Sufy~~l"s n rrami'O]l over Stl' ubnh's on the :flnpJe ddm:l tha Suryn was mere "ml \\\·'lcd,g "hie ,r!lJ1U remember d (Iha(/e('l~~ bene ~,h(JlJrl,h' ubi1~~. lmam ···im~wi ,mswe'f:oi Il~i, argu men ~ sa~ i ng,

C)ujm!> thm LIMe M dmddJ;}um ~'~' l,m nl ffi1Jib, in IJ' ill' pi p" ~n tl l

SU:ryft~ i~ ff IHif~f/h l C~~' b.eU .'~. n,uo:md), ~n[] m(\re p~."~(!If'\'i ng r (1\

£Ik de1!II,· t.ll-~m .sh~l:Jbah "J\irJ ;;;1 ~() !n.C'(IfIC (~ Tlriuidb" rc.pon 111 his 01 tJ~~1 ~~';J~ A,li said, "~ .m"~k'ed V~hy,;;). 'Wh~~ of 'I~e' h\;'~) oo~h~r Ir~nt6~nh..:red 8'11 I preserved Ion! .~ "N". '(:!~rJ;. ~. 11 y~l,!1, l t' • b' 11,11, h'. ' I C' J!l.~~jcd "Sh"l.rnbnh ~s l'lf!e mfIJC for Ih·~'L.'[ Vahy .. 'bin S.u~'l:'dI, .1)15;0 ~m~.d. '·'.~h·uh~lh bnr,;l ~ilk;r\"led~",;: uf the ml~Urli~I!J.IOnl~ \~ t wa:o;, narra ruug r~ n vd,om~(lndi S II rY;1fil \'!l ~~~ a Ill. 1;. er or e Ih !).P["'.' ."

_ m~n-l N i 11I.~~\ i _ dds,

"I'his h(1!II,\".S U.at ,Sh"'ubnJ f~unt:'~r. bered and preserved ~IL)ng l'lm~!r1ctl,

UCll." I'h ~l, Sufrllln. Furlbo;,::j'H' • I h~ ve ilnofl~"r:go: ';'i~SOI1 roo

g ilvh~g 1~1f~ lc~noc Sh' ulmh" ,!i: n3m~rti. n o\. \:; Ii' Stlf ~~ul' ~, whidl i ~ ~hat SIt' ubah wQII.J~d. fiLe\1'e~ do la~lle,~;"'" iidt11er r n:,..M ~ llll!.nh mL' martl1UOl ' unr weak ones, \!"'bcr-c:n. 5u.r\";u1I 'W yld (1 ) ,trt.til' ' ~~. i ... \\'0(':11 !..uO\\' n. A II') in this 'pJ:rtk U lar ~arnui~1l Sln' uhrlh ~.~ ex!?1 ii(; ~ll Y I. nen t iom..-~~ h ~ ~); ng b ."'~\ 1'CJ.1IOliGe J t) ,Hid luwiJIIg '[:maTJ [he 11 n',~t~ ~tHl. blliit S ill f):m has nul

Ion s,o. ~,impl ~~ ro~)ori~ l)g fr:rrnm ~n I'II~ 11. Iim.or ;;:'~~)' irnb ·A ~. (fnrum.. "Iii ~hen ~'-nll.,';i;. thal ~,tl'ubj]'s )&TaOOn lUI 'rowe.ri~1.,g L~li:' v. i ~,. 1S m re rdi "ble ~fulJl'l] 5n rY~~Il':s r':llPl1 I r Or" l:51w~g I~i~ ~'oiC'c '\ fm' 'a~IClrC' is Illt p:;s"bility of t(ll;lit~, h~ til 'tl~U' lli nl 0' SUYf< III ~ I fi ;];wri.

''The ilrHSIo.!,o .... r to Jbn ~II Q~lV· im'~ d,ii:i~fI ~n ~'·ilmml "'~{ ~1m~'tJqiiE'(:"u rth.rl ,i1l11 tiler L a,>ont r'~ ~i I r-ofe -'li'ii~-.g Ilhe mt~m ~ I ion .r ·1 •• ~ i ng nnC' , .:j Cte' ~~ i'~IC rol.hJrwin,iJ' U jp. or i i1~ S,l;l,I1IC aH'IJ'r,;Jtiam l)!rl A h h~ I~ S~ 11 i han.! ~1uhJnl[il1~J bill Sa lmn"lli i ~ dlat hH1.h these noll-. tI fS are (r.J'L l "0

Ul7

;aU'I'hrCli'J~ic d1'"~. LllcillL "h.li1.el'~n.w mlr:rnliou.' ~ ~.ol11d have aJllY btMi'u.~, L:JII\ dK: mu:r.u:bo.n (!Ir SIl DOO1i~,

• Iff S,'O'linlCCU1e ,~ll,~~ m· tlirSt Abli DGIX ootl ~d T!Jly'~H s.m. bas Fe OJ;'d~d nor,mti,tj, of ~JI' fl'i)iI:I~, \.Vlldch. i :dmHar lio. th . 'I.'uu·rl!.'[ion ,.r Sl'~fyan .. i.e., .• : He' raised i~i" voice', dpm h sh{lf~~ld be kno\\"n ~h~t [chis 'is _ "'duull,t reFCttt of Abu a'l ·~Valeed. Sh ~~I1:nlJh;:5. ather cempanions such as Abu Daw~loo 1~YfinS:1, ·~'hthlli~uo.ml Ib&n J.ill'flu 'Yib~ced bin ,l8r".gb~ Amr bin ~:L~rl 1'1 and o~hen b~ir e ~1'1 differed rrot'u .A~ u al \V~~e-ed ,~Ul~ n~r.rntt"H rtlf\'01l"l Sh"llJbaft ~ihle '"roN ~H· ~(l~;\l'·r~~ his \.1()i,i;C". _hils!, (he anthemic and c:rur-ectty .pre~rr~[~ narrati.oll, ((Qrn Sh\.baJnr 'is 'He I{)wc~ed h~' ~oh:e".'3311

r-. I'IllildJd'~'lh Dhtrr~r Al~lmtld, U~bm~nli wrires:

Ahmiild sa}~s iiJloi :1'elK~",ed b)r .A1nu ~ralib. ··ShJ'ubah ilS rl1m;~ amhe:rnln::

. nd ~8lfLb~ is:ll,cd ]1] 1.J\~{;l;f,(u~it nllm A21. 'lTlJ18S:h i, Ile is .::dso lnore. kr~ .Mi~cd&:~lbl.c of ~Jflc [a/l«d(N!J'I~ 0'1, ~liUla(dt ~l1!cl if i,'1 W~I:S, '11m for Sh~!Jlbah lh' o.ItO(I.! '{!'Jr~ of IIUIr.{tOJJ ". ollld hUi'H,~ .dL appeu~"·dr" Sh~~bd~ \~~ bet tel' ~ 11, hode~JI,r '1~3111i s,ur an .~D lllaw~i, There w~~, no 'f)n~ in Sh 'ullah' s Itlm,e Uke hi III or ocue.u than hinl jl1W ha.:ited/l. This was his; let," Muh~inu ii'~ L,)j fl ai Abbas all N asal lliil,}~S;., hI ~Hilk.ted )0\ b. [II AbdilU n:Jh tA~unad bi~ il-1~nbn'I' '''Vlo is[ ,mOire s" nlge'!' (,~! d J!.:~abH~hc~ in llluieeJ!r· ~ Sb ~'ubalilr 'St]("~,D?'" I Ie ~el}1 ied! ·S!IJ:ly~lTI. \V~S ~ hr:ljklJ1 ,amI it ,(J.i(ii!JS 'f[ilun" and Sh~ubah wa stronger 1~alru hin . h~1 IIlld'eel',t und IInQ~' kaf1~['8 of .Ar~~'h.'·' ~lal"mH~ bin Zatd s~y$ .• [ do ~m C;['!1~ wh..o op,oses. nte. a i, . ug ; 's Shr' Ul~~h a ilfrc .. ~_ Wl[{'1l:! nii~~ ilud ~'r Sl~' ubnh 0f'PCl~ ··S 11[1 i~. or ~h;ng 'l'fu~n ~ leuve h," -

'le abo S QfS,.

'~~or these re.1SU)~jS! the mlr ~tinn ,of gh ~~~1 is to be Iplieict'f1f!d, 3fll,d iWl OU!" \fj,,~ the nil~al~Jl~t;. or S~J Y!.'!:ml! '. " }UUfN~'h" i Si tI~1 ~e • ~I'et(:rwed hi ' voice whUsl. saYlng Ameen s,itent:ly;, 001 l~rr;~ he ro:ised hi~ voi'OC~ espe .... ·i aUy since hit, ' own ·"fjel\r was Ito sur A ;\I'J'ten %i h~!llll~y. .N ar:rn~:ion~ nuU d€l!r.ly eOf1lltli~:lfW the word's "he raised his, v' )~Cc:i are Iilm \~'\lhQli[~ lh ,if dlo:v(X't ,.Dd lack '. lubcJ1~~ ily! 'Even i'f we \"\'0;m to.!l SUHil C: ~he11i a~~h~nti:c~~y~ llte.y win ~ ulld,er~tom.!l [0 N er'D,O 1m f,feellj" (ir.~!~ tbis "~~, oni~~ dome alf p&rficuJil.f lim~ :for fl~ ~»\u:p~e of oolllcITtrng 'Lhe' ,co-ngreg,m.~]o.m) S,iL1IiI;i.!it" 10 \\rl~>H~ Sayymduma "I.' m~1' (~ ,·ollJ~d dio wlth

)~ 01 T'~~,r, qat Ih~~'rtm,~ 3M. ~I,UI l'i[(lli! (J.i S~iJfi m.53;

t~,r,~na ;;;l"Od SayymdUfUl. Ahu HU'lu;rah wid~ ta ',aWlntd't,~. There W~ alse a flltrdltilr e~pltlmnion for the diftrere:lll~es in the nc;,rrn~dO'ns of Slrti·t!'bL311 8J~d Sufyaltn, \\~~ i~~l is that tlleY are fer ,smm~ 10 different ,OC'(:,~~~d O~ls, Sa:rr)"~dIlElf' [ w·m;' W il~rJJ111:~~~ bo'~l1 ~1{.~(mJinl Ul dri'ffero-nt i tiI~l~nC'e.s. (:i:s niLOre obvlou. IltowC'ycl:~ ~h~r litre pl~·~Vo.~'e:'~1 I'rdc:ticc .' a ,~o ~y it sUiemly 4JlIild 1kj~~ is. lIpptn.rted by ~bc: 'fol'lm:vjr!g \\-i'Oltr!!ll~ of \1VaU +$. in U~.iJ nilrmt~ini of O.ulabi,: "He ~amd r hllct'fJ~, '~m.~rewb~tlg his voiee, ~ do ~O[ [hhd{ he d~c] this e:.'lceP! t~) tL}~· ell us," 'I

H. should also be n01:ed '~t1at SlI£yml ~:'! Thawrt s cwn J)UlCfic~ was [:0- S1Ly A.',r,~e.ell: s]_~en~ ~.y e

J3.,ut .~~lri s assertion d~!l.t Alqarntd~1 did nO[ hear ~~,adffel'll ~ on hi. fa'£ilef ru~ also inconeet, because (]]I~sha been est~hnshed b 'yoiu1 doulu as declared by t~~e later 1'~'~Jf,(J.dd~'dul'J,t" Alqamah's 'l"epo;litting di re1clly fro(J)' 1 hl mrilin,e'i" and ~:ThUJvll~g heard his hadfun r is p~'o[ven by

m."li i111...' 'P''''I''~''

QY,Jf. ',!!.;It' ~.:i'.

2. H::tS;;UI reports that s.~ltiitiU'lt.alt fubl J'u~l1d.u-J Hnd. ' miriln biti HUM' .' <!! :[t reJl1wnl'i'ct~ ~nut} am I_J.aW~ [bin J~' IildllWb Ilrm ~nt.i~ ed ~ ~.' .{c be ren en bif.l:l"ed ' '-_ 0 sil.k,ta/~l$c (b]!~f'f .0m~nts (Jf" si~enc~. ur the Pro : ~~et ; a .J Rll;tllill, .\ BeW he p:ro'mo.uw~edl [tlhe' :liir.d ,t<a,kbee't, and! a sa'fdfJJh ,,'heM WIDe ;compte' .. d tlilc' l"'C1dt·~ '~~-~IDiI of ';'GI~(dr,il M(;I;IlI1tlll~OlJi lU(lf/~il-lI, ... "., $: _- III rah rfllif~'CDlllJ ,ft: '_ ti]~is 11II:I.r I' ru 1r1'1 n 'bi~~ ]iluiS,~]l1 fct'llllllll!dl thls . 'I :"<1 rn~e., They ~'lI~O[~'f.nl '.1 b~ : y III ",u K"td~! '_. -,out tbh.. In bi.S 'reply tim, Jill - rrn it ,~,1 _ [~; stated nja'~ Stun: t"lb had l~n}-n~~eRdi [(co " I' QCU- ) .. ' ':!

mam Nimawi explains ln hi . al T' aliq td 1-t(lSlU~.

~'I'I ~., rnest probabJe rn.f!Jt tl~,e f f'SIl .$(ikUJdi was 'for ql:J ic'tb I'C.Cili ng ~ 1M:

JJWIKt, ,lInrd th seco ~d j~kl,a~f,'w ~ ,'CIa' ~ayil~ JLhi~e l,t ,ik~fUly~ II we do !flot ~'Ovade th~ c~pla lruu'i em bm :sa.,~ bllat d~e set"tuo.d S~~ rob \V~ , 0 t·h~jt

~! I J ',iI(M (ll.Sw~ n: 2J.}'.j4,.

~l Ahnl"! ..... ..lI'i· 1"11']..:53 '!liU"~. ~''''i I_Jr~_ .. "!r. c_A _' OJ. WIi.,] :1\.."... <:10....... iiI!.. 11'..'1"

-~ ... ..... "11 n",. IiXI'U I Iii'. _Il'!:!1Im ~>d' hUY., ~ ;~~4-,r qQO'~g !lj1Ll~ WiI.~l' [['

S<LY'i[I~;r ~hal 1i3 iSfW-d i ,.sr~'/~'t5t'i~'r

109

he (:I[~I!!J ld n::g;till!l :~}1-" lire. 1'1'J m" :-;UI~~ hll,"i,:" cl!itimc.~ 'fhen ~hl S wi)'i.'J.hl IniJ~n ~l)alllbiC ecngregarion W(~I1IJtl.say i\mr4l!11 befcre I'he Prophe~;g.. ',I ~is, is beeause the 'pro\,LOIlS tl-t~t~d(."t'l.h sl~ow lh'fl!~ th.c lo,J~JCJ,w.er.!1. "'!if 'h~ m'r~~an.1!I llIN to 'til)" AllJleC'~1 hllln~iia\~ly ufit~r' ~ ~.i's i~dt~u,iotl of ahaiFii llll(,~hdimabi A ~t!:r{m •.. " lhu~ flu~lr A ~ik~J~ 'would be :s-aid dud ng '~"'¥ hniHn~ fi. 'St1.Rl:d'il' ~n:u:l hi!1. .1'\ ~d'j ee'-u WOItilJ!l fonu'l,1i,' theirs. Yi'~~ere ... as the Pruph~~. has (~)ltddd~~l Ithe 'OJ1g,negmiuH W OlndlQ thl; hf 'r.11 in .m'l'

14\ wa~.·'

~. Sa},yilh1im l\bu Hura,~r,ah -4- rela es thai (he ' )~I'opbet 'wo,uld t(!~th us lSa.yi;n~, i no Hi _ try 110 (Hl~do ULe 111131'0., '\Vh.e5J ~ e pnlnOlr~c'es tile tt_~l"bee,~'" yon sa i~ also:, '~Ihn he' reeite.;; 1,f(.l Udlul(deel~I' n~n sa

'"

- "_l.Uffi',~~I.' 'Wbl hie 'l,e..rFti) 1U5 ~h,t! I'lt/f"ft YOll ,to U als ;

~u;ul 'lfl~ en 1m10 ' @:)~, ~~(lIui Aflt!JIJJ Ii lI'UllJ' H(I,~~iJ,al~ say ".f.'II~hu~J'~'lla' Ro.bb.a,,;ul f,rI.'/t.lllllQI,md' ~ ],+4

;\s m~ indicated. Hie Af,r/e'~u should be said ~a,enny as ·ANahu.ml'uo n(J/)h{:~',w, /t,k('" ll,(j'md" tSo fli~ill s.i[cnt'ly.

4, Ibr1thirnl al N.~lkh3i ~als, · "hel''£" tH'· rh" Uru~ngs

'Whitlt the ~nmm, :!/iO"fS ' i,'1:e.nlly:

~Std}./~(1na:kl~tl(iIUf(t~nlla "'6 h.i. ,H'anrdika.,u'I,

Tall "I!"ij,'r.f.dlJ. Bu!;,mo;lai/!1 ,,1,II'ce,;a:'i ~UJul ··}lU'ah~;UinIJ'o. ROJ;b-llUo. 1(111(1/ H,(lu,rlf ,,' 3-~~

5. Abu \Vrl U reports ~hsu A. U lilnd Albdl1U~lh bin ,'~,hlS' uill 01 \'VuiUl!d ~elt ,1~~,' Bis'n~Wa"" ,,,,, 1(1(1 - wW~f,dJ~ 'OJr' "llUN~#;

'Ii J'H,

eun ,;r,.

_I" .;J T'. ... ~ 'cc'fi Ii timan. 382, l,H h':lI.J,im.'!).

~~ Imam Muh:-'mliii'Jj iilt h~ .. , Kilab ((f ... It ~ha«l' 83 h~~IiI'LiJning f(iJut itlgtc.ad of 'lire):

A''ldul R3m LI :2591. ~nd HUl ,l\1)j Sl]iln};]l~:!!J'R ,9. Imam NIf~:tawu ::stl)' ... \hru. ~p I~Nf'ld ~~ s~~t'.rl~ (,:;:'&6 _, MJJhi'td,d'i'~h Dhnfar j\h~~~-d . ihm::mi '~'I,i:;' t'h:U ~IS ll.aITJil/,JoTti are ,~m~lellil i r Ll!41.

3-0!1'. Taba~l'li f.n ~d M'4tj.rtm t~t K«be~'. n. .. ~1lIJj]1OO b,t Utlit,1dh ~1;ll!~~Jlm; YIO~, ~ -aOdh ~ II !1~'~ll.~rni :S::~}':S ~J~':}l Ih~ ot:tIIJ,~~l lCoot1!iml· A l,)LI S~· '-' hl' B:r.' q::J.1 \'¥ II 'i$ ,i1.url~cr ti' . ~di 1I mU!-hIi~ds, MlIhrri..1'dilh Dh(lfilr Ahmad! l:~llIn"L.i'li das..r.;;jfi· fit ~ .ff~Jk:J,~·~ W~O.

6. A hu W,ai L says [hal ruar snd AU" wuuld lIlut say

t he ,b'tS~UI;lflh, t,fi(€ ! H~'i'ltulll 01' A moCti'n IIG)t d If. :r or •

.~ t '~m\J1 J d. a II s ('[I be re·~ aemhe I'~ d rhnt Am'ec u is l~ (t~UI tl un:d so 11 e~1

~MI e : ,iI'CJ1II'I)~. _, ~fI h sn)~'t;~ • Call IOU I IQ Y QII1I Lon ~~ h n In I ~h' : 'flId

~~,Ic'nlly'. Imam ~~luk~ari hit~ qUOhtd A~~lit in his S~lh'Cth us ~:l~ i1u~ i-1me~u is a dnaa, The ~ayUtlg flf .. 1mf',(>,fJ should be no d]j' ferent 'I~ [J~; other dlba~~ of Jmlnh . ~1C'h ns ,'(lhm(~({'lJ. J,h'iud,fuuJ. fa ·.t.n\1"·~'ldb. basm,{linh. etc .. , t:IJC~jHlly~ncC' it· nor fHlfl of the OUJlf~n ."11(.1 ()n~) ~he (Ju ron i li nermal ~i)1 rec i ted loutlll y.

~Jl!m Jareer al Tabar] says as luot'd I :" lbn HI 'Iurkumani in cit J(I~,,'lur . Illi ''\l,~q.i~\')'"

'Thi~ ha~ heeu rrepoH~d ,mm lbn M ~~' ud, 1\'< ,khrJIi. Sh ~a~i =l1, ~ ] r .. 1J. im .11 T. 1 mni : lhe. ,Ii, uld S.iY ,\ ~m·'·1i :-,H~ ndy. 1'/}J;.': ~J 11 ~ i ~ I~Pt hath D~ l'fadotl of sa1-' ing AW!!lot'n ~OUt~~}' ;'nt1..1 S II ::Ion~ ~y I are ~Ou ~~ 311'{1' u groi.'~P t'1 r ~tlOlnfl TrIa... 1Y,;'lcJ1!11 cadi (1 r rhcm, hm r r yuu arc I~l cl lfll}S ' lh t II ~ .. tI,)' tlm-et"'~~' sacnll}: !)L~Lal.!los.t'" Ihi s. was UK' prac l icc nf UUJ'1 0[) I Ilu::

CQnlpaH!ion~ an d T~bi 'WI_ ' ~,

lbn O! Q~j'i'ilH ~rlys in Z~ul cd .\1 " and:

'If ihe lrnam ·~a.ys ~t ~tJlmmn) IOlKlI)~ l~ tCfld the c(ln£~-eg:'_Uh:1]lII~h.: i,!'i 110 h II rrn f(ll" 'il1ldJ.!.!;..'·d . mar ~~ ."-.".L"i L',j tht rU(I I ~1 LU:ny tn h;:.n.c 111 I h,,-' iL"OI~grLgal iO]~1 .:JnijJ ! 1,)] I .."\bba,, rc .JlIJ Stlfuh ar ,"'~lrihah ~ iJuJI 'I' ~ n IJI~ jm~((f.;J~h 'in'(~h h) "'hJ)w ~h1 n' It was .'IJHji"mu/~, S~H1il:t to ~hi; is III~' Irnnm's sllyin,g ,hm"{l'll 'hmdl~. A I this i, rclmor'1 IC!"}, ,h:H ki1i1ld I)' !,)"nllilssi le dHTcI):!llCC for ",'hic,h no one ~honhJ ~ c cri(]d~. neiiher ~ho.£c v. ho I III i [ nor (hll, e Vi. It len ve ill." ,t.

,...1 JbH, I ;.\n::e:r 01 Tab~ri i n l~lluiJh {_1. (If .,t~~li1f.rti{ .15 qllJl""~J,;d k} 1'1'101'1 I r r!"Ul'iIl ni::;l, U. AlsID ro!!po.rt8cl by ah3.\\=i II.llO'-4-. _\luh~ddl·l.h OJ1;;l(:-IF A,hm~d Vtl'urwnl },..:l .... i IhJ h..;:

Ill~4!o~ " fe £hQS~ (II' II,e st1; I ks Q_ 'h~(It"( ~ e. 'O:J L f r \hu Srm'IOcI ,\1 B ~~ I w]'lI"1 .... ,1l::uh~ M,Ue ~"J a mftdtd/h_

~J a/ Jm f:ar af N,'lq,(\, I fJ2. ;'Il~ ~ ...IJ

,£.~1~l (loP. Mtl(l(/ Ill75.

] 11

... ,ilacteet.l1i 'Q/ ~¥lr:Si'li~g t;t~ e 'v'oi,ee 'witl' An~,etu~'.

,i?oJt01:, ing is in dti,scu::i ,.[n :~boUI~ these i'Lhooecah 'thal ~r, 'Or~:c~,1 qU'D' J as cvldencc for s~yi[l! Ame,en l~Jildr_)f. The ahadeerh are quoted aloag \\"ll[h Ilh0 relevant ex'pl~utatiQm; and con~lm m~r)1' given by Ithe J~J,m,u;l.

~ . Sa;y}*i,dllJ'~la W ~li[ h;in Huj'r ' reports ~ba' ","~~en Ule 'l?rr)pilIlret~, would! reene '-'~ la ,lalfl.j«.(dfelo.~l.l' he ',vould 5'ay Allf.e,€!f;, 'rl1sing tis vw:l,ce,;,J51

The ~ are many cxphtnati:Il;:HiS provided by the ~~i(mlfj for lehts.

11m), e'il1. Sonte: of' \io~ldc~, ~ ~IS e'-Z r:~I:I,,~i!t1ed b~; rm~~n1, Nbf:ra~~ i 'in h; s

Aatl1lMrr al SU'lf.an. ate as, folknws:

1. rf"he~' i ing of ~fu,e voit-e nor fool loud .. ], .'. hi such n anner 'HUH some lil. ooil;hers of the '~r&t [-ow can hear, i, r-lott ,~OllU,~Lt"y to the Idl~ ,ired 'silc:"e,~ 'orthe ,quieT 'prayers, l h;'l been '·elal~fd ij,n B'~ khru--i and 'Musl~ifn thai. Ute ProphO'[, " would ~-edle 'in DhuJu~' iiNl.lola in :such a. Uiuumer. th~t tbey '\\,o~dd a,~ lim .-s. hem: ~ verse, Tta,'barn Ii has also nanal¢d. on [ia,e ~nu 'm.c,r~ty or Sa,),,:, id]). na .,' JnI MaU k II AS~l ~fij,

~ ~hat tioo Pl"O!la e~ ~ led them ;Wl; DhuJJj~ :ffi(,r.ioiJ and ret:i,ted Sln'al,! 0,1 F(it;~uIIJ ~I~o'wimlg Ehos.e ~iho \' ere ,olose to h ~~. him,

While dlseu ',i[n,g lile question of S~)~.hilg B'i."£itJiU"h ]o~ld.ly" Ibn Abd al "-'1di wlrh.c, in ,ll 1aM',qee'h lh~~ it a r",1:mbc:r or the con,· reg.at'jof~ is cl ... !S to frhe Imam or d,gn[ m~:d 'lv' him and he hears '"r'Jl~tt the msm is '[ ~, '~~y s n~nUy. l[he,U1IJ drti So is " or con idet:'e<cll~," sin g ones voice (j(JliIl~~), ior ~t Irul " been narrated ~ha'llhc P['C'phet ~ , wonld ~,!f,; d the:1l1 if1! D,lu~l'nr ;ratal, ~nd at thne., allow UW;rt~, to heat <) 0 ' r two vers atiter Sl:u'alJ' (d,1 .l"r/rt'h~1h. The au~hol' of l~l Dnrr 01 ,u trrk.hwt~r hi' a ~~trucme 111: ~,O 'the ,m~t; effect,

Til erefore . ~he Jraclee/J'~' of Sayy ~du~ A 'W,ail bun Hlmj r 4b is 10 'be Iln.defs~iood ,in the same n!t~n. teo 'wR~n .sfay~ng .AII"h'?,~lr ~h~ Pruph I I - 'ral~cd his Yoke, :d[gbt1y ~ ,loud eno 19hfur those .~" bo were C:~O$JI; IIQ h·n' ~o be ~ble, I ' heal" him btn Ig(, Uke ~lWS r~i~ing of It'h voice

'112

2" S~:yyjdm~a Abu Hura] rEh "'+,; reports '~hal w,l~€1i d~~ ;F(J'PJllite~ '~ wou~el '~onllpW,' i. U e ~~'Ccjfat.ii ]0 of 'U ~n!()threl' of the IQ~m r'U:J~ be '\ C(~iIllIld !I[;~ ~, e hi, 'If I,i~ee 'mud Si,. A 11,ile,f;i. JSl

lmam Niml~~~i. sa· .:

, "~~nu]mmn i h~' , cfedared Ud~ Iw t(!'elllIM(f(JU,t • .)nd :If ukiil ' ha~ ~ ~d ~ I,

]8 sallceh hVQcordmnrg ,(0 lillie C'O'nld'iti411irl or ~'~'lJjb~"""n'" "',".~ "I' ]1" nM I

- ,,' ll .... u u. .~"'I"I, _ UI', Hn lIJIlt fl~

~~~y i m ~a.s abo ~~t:'1J 1~:iS:li:I~en, b')' time r'IJsk Il of H~kim f(}r' h~' ~u:;.s ml'~ t J/,Clfl ~~ M{I~~'tO~ill~"J' ' HnkJ!m ,b ~ narr 'led iJ~ '" ,i:m~ ~ ;'MII('t.IJ: ififl(UJ',"

Iman~1 :Nwmn wi :t:I!dds:

113

''Ib:e J'lmad t).f th',s IImlee:th «f,~ltaIDlruS ]sha.q bi~1 lhrahim 'bim ~i Ah~a al Z!Ub~~idi ~il Zil\)(Jreeq.' Oil;€- of (h,e six, Jamous f1utlllOJf. of Jttldee~h ha\ ' lec::o:J;ded mly o,r hl~' 'ni;f[';atimiS ~n Llu:ir 'hooks. g f3C~ N,!l1i3i 3]rwd ,A~U Dn, 0' d 'Irta\'''e d1(;c] ~d 11 ~ to be lIhOff.e/r . ,ld .... ul •. m' ad bi'Il' Auf ,al Thi ha~ br~nded him a rilr., Dhahabi wr.ites ~~ al JlJh:lUJ,f.I:' -,Ab~]' ~ui[m .&~jd. "There is no harm il~ lilNL. 1 'hav~, ll~~rrd Ibn t'IiI:gaeero, praise bhn.' Na " ~ said, i·t e ~. I~ 1/~1.'1"jh·'~ j ','·btl D~w,i)O('l, .c-3J~,d!. '''.Ii is nutllb~§. I._l\d 'th" Ml,lh~ddltb of Hims Muba,mnH!.d bh~ A:uf 31 '[';1111 hm; bfMdcd, binI"! ,liar,:";' Hiilfidb wr·'H;'s in T.tlhd~i-e ~] ~l Tt~f.uIJ~ ,d~ .. ~Ajm:· bas ~ifJ.:portecl (rom Ab~ Daw(~lllh~! ' l1hill!li1t[md bjn ,Aoi\1f ~d 131 S41~d" "1 do Ilot do b' Ltl' t ] l'U!,q bin Zibrl!,}cq 11£8.' ~ I-bd1d!il a~sQ i 8}f, 'i,1!IJ j,(fq~"Cfi;, ;"ie ~ s Sllllooq. w]:l1C errs C;(CC si roc'I)'. Mttt1: Ifill in, (~ bl~~l A~lr b~_ . OP{!I[1~y

d~clarod ~tun he Hcs. '

lM!Uj] N lmawi ,C;QJU,illUiCS"

~l1tus,. ~1, i S ~I'Q' en ~I~at U~ '- liflt~ " til j~ n 'l wl th Ul \1Ij,~ ~kl~ ~ .. 'Fu;ur~]enllor,ci Hs., ~rt1ing ls nO~ prescr'!.red ,a~d Dfllmq~u.n[ has admi[tl!:~d lb~ ., jn hia tri /It;jl 'W:h,~ h~ ays, "There a_ru dl Ifert"lnces frol1~ Zubaidi in l\)olh th~ l(r ,~ ~nd chrun.- d\lllal~ bi lID Sallm rei' ies -rrj'~~l Z'Uty.d~i from Zuhri fro:m S~!;~, .miLd A1bu S~~~uMlb, f~'~11 Abu U~~r.l\lr,al~1 .~ lhJ~t W~IIC:n tne P[\Q~ru:~t . w01,dd CQ\1!llll~~e.te '(I\c rocitIl1L1.QI\ of mille opening d~ pt~m: or 1~~e ~m((' 'I he' w~ uld w,isc l~ls \~oice W~lh A,J.1Uli;·" w'h~r.ea~ ~n the res [ b~~"',C 'Iii m~cd f]lom Zillb~fu ;115 '~rom Z'l1hlfii 'from Ab1J1 S ~LI, I1ilah ~lo!t1e ~rom Abll th,!'rolIl!!1~, u~~n 'a~~e :PrhcL ald~ ·'\Vhe.l~lhe Ilrnfii01 ,: "i' ,A ~l;,reei'\r:j. then }fOLl SilIIy AJlf.\ee!~"·' D.i'n:~Jt~!lrJ(!J~ 'I in e'R'il adds, 'The 'Il.,':~)ff~cd:y pr ~ ·t1/t'CdnanfH LO ) froJlJfa Zltlb~md~ is ·'\V,he.n Ul-C lmarn says J\,mt'erP,~ yOI}

~ ~ 'bI "1 ......... 11 = :$~;r . "" '!;j,,"" .,

11~1Ji~m NIn,m,w] then oOfu:lw:ks,!

~Thcrc(ore~ H:WOn''s el~' lIn t' , 'l ~h18 hadeetlf ~s, S~ {,j Ii _ (lclt(Kij'd~ ~g lID ~h~ ~dtliOJl!J~, O'f Bl1khor~ nnd Mil ,~i'I'e' i.· nu,11 ,an void~ .)~ _'

3., SaJ,nldlJ,r~'ill Abu HurniIaih .' said !LP~Q'~ e Ila,\~ len Sa)WIiIj jbtiH~"l:~., '\V it ~i 'Uile PIt~I)P~i1Ie1l wOlrJi~dl sa,y i ". .11\~b'!i l Ma· ,h~dl,'(J\o,b" ~ ·j~ill·fn l;~'a(lh(-lid'lee~t - h,.:. would :5:1;,- A.1!,'~,eJ;~: ~~~,~:i;ll the 'peopite ~t" tlh}!!, DliS.t ,row

Imam ':'iimawi .' ,ys,:

'[I;.~, ig,~~d is dhaee/lbcca'llsc of' .B'i~~U' bill RafL As nne,liit~[}I100 :iill ,al ~if.l1t",i' Bukhnri ~a)'s "He it ~~ol ~ollo,* e:d l1'£> in Iillis. IIUIJl."fadcu ,'~ A,hnmd _ s~Y·. '''d/~'f t!/~; ,1_ ~41o·. n ~a)'l. "'] Je Ih~· 'ro~"lt~d ~w',li(~'r '~~rlK_leed?.'. . N;zIIS~il S ,)\s ~~tii!.'l h..:; ~;s ~ot.~ror~I,. [bn I jbb~n s;ay~, 'lltulim ~; relstes :fabnc·:PJtcd fu~ngs in ','lI~kh he ;i~ the ~ellbal narreror. HaJidllm1 ::i!l:9.-J(8 'im T ~f~d~erdJ IJI 1. ai1,rJ.tteeb wh~t Ibn Abd al [Ow has WD;~t~~I~ ln iJ;,~ I!Jlllt1. "Iii~ ~s tlJltI . tI anti I-mmkn ( Itad' ':tn acoor(Ur A to [[~~l (~~~ ;,~h'1Jlu.'tt(l~/J~j~',~~ :~'e , fi ~s.o".,wr.iJ]e~ ,~n [h~L:S, K.iftll)' ,a~ li?S(f,f [~~~at ~h ~ are ~~~nlmou~ rn areta-nog his Iradeerh to be Immkar; !IIIil 'lhe,11' disea' .,ing I~~.s narrarhon -;, and, illl thew!' mol, ace .. plin 11 iJrlTJJ ,~S an aUiD,hot.i~y.. the ~i'~\r'l(;l olf IU,teJlte#1. do not d~,ff.er ~b.Old 'lids. n H:afidh also w~'ilt,~s i II hi's Taq'I'e(J/). .:, i kr bin ,ltJlfi.'~ Is {Itta~ef in Jrml ,Mt !,

. illma01 Ninuliwi adld~ tha this ha'de(;!l/I, has also been repn1ed by ~b'll1J ,~l",\: '0_0;(1] I~~nl, B~S~l~ billJ, Ra:t.1~ (tL~OO by Abu Ya'Ina, lD~l~~~uni, ,~nd I~.n H.~bban( but ~~U w~~hQ,~- Ib~ '\~'IIOl'i(!$ (thus! Hl1ei ,'liasji' ~ would Shf~ke wUh. ]0: .,.fIDle \W" drllg of that ~art.'icll!.lJ ar tj',CUle,~lh (rep(l['[Ie.d by Abu ~~l'wOGd) ~S' as foUows~, "Vhen Iln,e 'PI'O[Jhel !Ii would recite ~ Gi~ai rit M.a' c~~dIU)(Jb,l ••• ' 1· would 'Ry m l n lmu: those ._. ~~;, were elos " hi rn m the f [S,t [~'W (:()uld hear fiJi 1?g:1l. A'h\llD1 Y ~ l laa has l!]]so narrated 'the ~H~e __ ho_(letl'lh from .Bishr bin Ran' ,. fill the fu~~owing " ojjd]l]g. 'f~pl.0_ have I,·ft ~almlg Auretu. W!]le:fJb, the Pro~fletl' would rec.he ~Gllt1.f_rU 1Uag'hd'oobi ... ~ h= w~IUJ[ld ~~y Ame,Cl'u undl, the U'st 'Ow \~o~,ld h~_[ 7'~ It is thus (~PPilJl'e1U. that dIe additional MJlrdMll of (thus, '~h~_ ,~rI'(lSJid ~o~dd shake WJII'b it) reponed bj.r Uno. ',.-, UaJ1~[ lt~S 'lniCJ:t been . o~lowed up by ,Jl1Cr-,. Mor'eQiV,e. ~ th~s ad(li'aio'l oontmdicE$ til ror~l'n;~r i~mt Qf 't1~6 h'lG~:e'ell~ ~m~ tlI:lle ulTnnor !iays ,( mlti~ ~~~ l~pl~ a, [be first

ow NOldd he~lr hmillD •. ,,3~O

]5

Im91Jl1 Ninl;rWl ha~ de(;i1.dr,&~ thi' J"a(/~'eJ'h to be l"h,c~eet ~no~~ probably be 'a~ e olllUaool bin i\'~US~;UTl 1 .. 1 Ma'kkt A.bmad calls il,·tM ,mtmka'r" ai Il,tule~th, ".:_sai and o1.her: s~.~ [Clf ~~Iin'fl,~ ,mtlu·o(Jk ',abandhl)l1ed):" Who aJ Madini says, 'I he;a("d Y,ahYaJ sa,' "'hen 11C '\:_ as ~sk.ed about Ismaeel bin Musli m 9.1 '~btkki "He W~lS alw,ruys oOiOitfused,. IH;t,;, would n~f.,tnte eae fi~(1deelJ~ te ~t h~ [111'ee tUI: [erenl ways," Who a.l "~;Jdhli 5~L)?$~ '. Hi, , ,~~O'd~U!I'h 'shmi~d not be reeorded .. t [btl r..,'1~~>CJm says, "He is noth~ll~g. "

5" S~,YYldlnll~ Abu Huro1IJ"fLh ' ,mUf '~e tbat tile P ro~~~hel £B. Slid ·\¥~u~n Ule Imalfl :8;): '~AJ.';leq',J, :'_ I) A,'n,Ge,r,t.~ J;:"~,r : '_' e whose . ~n~e"ie COhl;[idles, w·U~. that. or. ,:hc ,Bn[@,cJ' -I l~~ \~rUru - _ ~'" e· all hi;'" pms.:t '~Il~ ,f'Ofgti\r,elOO.,!' ~5~

orne take tbe rnea.rf,ug of the above btuJeed~ 'to. be. UUl!t the hTim!O:ffi ill "~J' Ameei~ JO~u:U1' and ~h]s. sl1(D'~dd be [o~lo.W0d ILl); ~hc: ,AIl/we,,,,,, of t'lbi,. co,~grega,~ioJmI. HCM"VC\ C - ~l~~, nn:ajorily of [line sohol!~lI'S ~l~\fe not in~el;iPretwd ~!110 fibove l1-adi_·tJ't.I.t' littrnU}r., bm, have ate,lll jlt ['0 me J1

when ~lf1e I~.lIil0,!fn :internds (0 ~ml~ A~~1e[ell'. "(hilS, 1$; n, . CSSUFy :Nj reconcj]e il'hi~ luuleelh 'wit~, abe other lllI,illrrt(:~on~ on ~he subject, This U,gullal ~~e. f',-,ndli~ Ig of tbe text is similar 11~" dl~ W,a,"', we sho.~dd ~P'P['o,~ch [thc_\\'io.ro a' An~h 0 blt/i('?'wrt}"5! 'Wlr4!U' YOI[I stand for pr-ay f IhIJlJ'l wa~JJ yo~e'W' 1(1(;;]8'. ',., ,! • ," i . ,e. ! wl.~en )IO.!l ,i,uend' to ,~rrl(Jnd lor j.'wa:yel.) Tn_is h ~ s heel}.

confirmed by Ha:fidh Ibn H~ar Asqalanw In 1;J~s ralh ,ld iJ(1~e; aud also

'I.~ •• ii.. • 'Ji'I' I f.JI iI'.'!!lr..

u' uyuu rn II!~I s ,.II l~n:H~aiel" a h(~ ~( (J:~I~I!'!i."

.~ btl ;Q b:i n 1~;lb(H>j':JJL~ ln hL JfifSlJlttitll es qUlilIled, bjr M flttdh Za'l!'I.C~, A~~o rel,une(l '!by Tfdnmn'!'i lim, ltel M·l!if~\t.f~. a~ K;«Iwer- :2:S"tS:S~ '~6.lJ.. Imam iN~num<j S~~ Ifh~~ i~ , 1~.s~~'(U/; oont!tirlllis [smaed 'bh~ Mu~ [j111l,a' J'll~L ~ who; is 'We$, OflO).

J5 ~']~rk ~ 9)$ ... Blllli;:'hmu 741 ;)ml, MU~:lm .. 1, [0-

Im~m '~.lm~wJ! conclrud~s:,

~The -~}'a ng aloud olf Ameen ba ,1ilO~: een es~~~bl i s'fmet~ ff!;om (he. [Jrop:h,(:l ~. Of. the Oliil c!llli P'~" j and what,; er ~la.s bt..""eH relsred ill'll ~h ls "e8:8_rd" it jis, nat ,~~,;titiroUrl fmJl't.;

Say in;g .Aj'M,e-e~,~ ~iLle~f[~Y W~I~ [he' prac:ll'OO of S diyy.idmrUl U!f!llallr~ 8ayyiduna. A .lli~ S'm.yy~dlu na Abd,ull:ilh 'b'! n ]\,'1,;15. ~ ud .$:, Ibrah i In iiIl'~ .~'.~ akhai, 'h~ab·1 mbmbbr ~- Th"m],~ Imam Abu H,ani-rab, lm .. am Abu Yl!1.s~jf:

Jmam Mtl.h~ny.U11,ad Uudr ~~oU.'QI~"'e(~s ~nd U'ill~ ,pco:pille olf Kuf:o~]. Imam Shfllf!ree in his later view ~]rS.O ~mys t~lutt the ,m~/q/~'{"~ should 00.)' A.u,~~e'J :s.j]eJuJ~y, A'l'IDanflllh Anwar S~ah KatS:h1i111riay 'thal he has nOll come ,~lCf.·'lI'SS :any ~. l~dUd 'SCilO,JiD \V,na says ~hi~d Ame,il,~' shou~d 00 s .. id '~oud Co • bn~n,~ ""![tlUk says, 'Those who lj~ bh~nd the ~m~:m should s~y Am'oeJ,1 sJ1emfly., m' [bn Jarccr al ThbMil claims M, quosed by Ibn al nrrlltmnlud ffim[ al,J,a;-·,·l;ar (~~' l\la,qlY.,lp"w Ibm this was !n~ practice ~f niliO$1. 0':£ the eempanious tlnd 7'abl"'~Uif.

~\lIiil ~d Ml~dlM'i.u·,m~i,r;~ lr(~':J'rti ~J 11(,,',. 3(0 aJ 1t]~I'o·ool" ~ ~!.a.~11,~' , 1132.

,~ 7

Both practices fJf '~7ii.shlg [;he I]land~ aad ~MU rais ~,~]g I~ he m are .sw~n~u~ll~ >i.'iJmdJ bodl h~¥e been quoted [01 Illle d~gree; cf m"~tll'Wr from eve r y :~oo'~~u len of t\.ffi W1,sl,wtMS, Irom Hl~ ti m~ of I[he ~1(ihc,l;1-~IJI;1 'Tabji'; ~n~ ~In~ taJ}N~ l~hlcf!!ell lim toda.y. Therefore, ~~~ero is no real d:i,fferl'!(u::e except ,a CJ,ueslio'tl of t,r'bich one c:f the, two is 10 :pr,eru~ and desirable,

A.rnlan~l~h An\\-l',il\" S[1iah Kashmlri \~Iri~es,;

~ Si I~!OO Ixruh ,In~lc~i C~~ of rn,j:\l'in~ I he ]~~J)ds 8 u~d ~101 ,rn~s b;~g 'llhC!nlM ;lJr~ ",Im~w,~ri,. there are th roe ipo~sibne 'Imnliif;J(h;;: ~ l G~ vi:ng, fl',ef-CireKe-e to ~ho I~l"ffi,cticc: t:l f r.i is'iflig ~h~ h~rld~'i' 2) Guvi ~~,:g. mMi'~fcrerm~ t(l ~'b~ ,p~~tirCe of net ra iSiil~~ ~ hem. 3,) A ,ehoi ee of al!l~ ene o:f '~~hc two. E(td~ of Ua~ op(if.fl'l~ hilS, been ado;.t.ccl[ by eertai II ulama, As, tor the ,(~h(jd~'~", some or E h~m aM e ~!~~ ici[ iifll ~l1i~ndoni,ng ~he' ralsl ng !O,f ~,11iJ0 hm1)~~, , oth~i"$ are equ~Uy ~~p~ te~,t, ~n wr!:~'ft~ ionh11g that the 'hwnti!i.\ $hm..! Id nJOl be r.~j~Gd~ ,,'hU8t I'~\U: est of the a'u.tdITl'lli en ~h~' ~npi~ or Jata)~' are ~i Le!lll w~dl no ~U~f1l~~{)J1 of til!2 'nil s· ng 'th~ 'of l~o'l\d!g. If w~ ,~tdh(! Ire lC'} 11~.c: (:tl1~deej~1 ! ~1 ~u W'C. clear I II. men~n.tf.g:aliJlg 'Iba'~ ~J~c: hen ds :!ii1~fi'U ld J~n11 '~]£ Iti:li~ our alUMQ>(J4il' w~:11 be :reweu- i~ rm Im11)Gr oortlllpnrod t'o ~ ~{ii)e (ha~ 11iLernil'ic:m tltc ralsl ng' or I~h~ h!Uld.:;, l1Vut if ~ ~dd [ho~~ ~/to.(kerl~ :~~lilm .:J11iC s.i~uru Ib~iil, the mumoor of t:I~liJd~th ~or not raisin:,c, ~he [hands j s far ~·~fin.¢r., Th is Ir~ b~"lil~e the slleuce orf ,iIi J'Uf(:t~t',~~'1. O~ :~ PCUt1jCUh.lI pmcl]ce {whUs( still ~~~hi.rnl~:f:og oro {~ver!lr[bil~t else) L'i e\1'kfe~I!.'CC ~hfln 'il sho~dd .not ~ji~ ,8do:pted. A~J'd, '~'hy [lot'T 'Wc' see. the tlhtl.'(JeellJ of I~hc: deseri 1)'ri~)fI' 'Or $(drj'h ~(ni~~. lI!J~QI~ n ~I Ul-C 9.c~~,~nli S (do .sorrJth iJ!lc,h~difl8 i'~~ arktilm'. li.t~ obHg~ltIO'r'y, sunllltah'" and dC$,;;ralbJe IilIU verne ll1iiil,. ~;;nL{iI ye~, n[lcrlil:i~lil 110l~ing of ~he rnising of the hlJJf:id s exce ~l h1 I;h~' ~cS~nI1 ijfi~.. '\Vhu~ el se c,," be ;Oi$sum-o,QJ ~li:1H::\n tl'~ i s is ~he pm;'iti,()\u. (If the t~11(J.dl1,("'ll'r ~I

.A,ba,(W!eetb e! I1.Ot raIS'll'l,;g' t/~e; haru/I (Jx,c,e,P't iii tlfte ,b(g,lf'l,~'!~i'J',g" l . Alqamah 1,{,::POf\[S tmll[i1, Abdu'~~~ h bi'ml, !\itl~;ud ~ s~hl~ "~~hID~lIfd I lIull: ~efi!rll 'y0iW1 in s'ClloJ~' i III th~ 'i!fIl~nu'er' ,,;f

'I 1'9

,t be P~"Ophe1tt ~ 1. ~l 'fill'!! flilHIJ In"a:' ed a ~d d~dI. ntll~ r',i~isf!' ~ ~s :lllllnd': e~ee,l hIm the bICgb11li1ll1Jg;' •

A.fto, n -HtlJfillg ~lflJ h(J}(~€er-JJ lmamT rmidhl ,mJds;

"1rbCifiC: . s a nanlliliou iJi th same Ulem'il n.:~ on Hile' 81'D~,bQ:ri~' (1,[ A~'n_';:Jj bi~ A:;;;~b I. Abdulltt~l bin "·I~ .. 'ud' .. /rode' '1~ is h@.'· iI',;r~ ~~~d Inatl)" or the P-x:o:-phe (" ~ e\ learned c~)n1~~aniomi' arrrC of the . ~u'te vie-w. Le., I~ht; hand,s should not be rn~s:ed dl~ ril'~g .w~t111 ~lo;c' ~l mice in ~he b ·gi.UII~lng. his ~!t ~I£- Ibe: ..:i(;'w !.)'r SUI.ry~:m al, Tnilll,'i,11Ii tun,d ~'hc pco~j~, o.f KUIE~.'h. •

.lmn,an~ N'unlilwi. says:

''f~l'~ lu~'(;JlJetli ~l~S ~I so been d~c~arcd s'lhe.r.~/~ by ,I ~Ll I~h.'ltt.[~, nr.u~i:cl ~:i 1m ijlll(lH~{~ J-Vt)(JU~I! Cl~~. ~ifij ~~ , hli ~2jJL':nk, ~~~ salling Innll the ''U_uk rh '~JI· 'rfds.irag ~h~ ~~'L"I~dsl ':rrtlfuil Ih.CJb ~~e '~nemilJioflledi I~C: luu!eatli '~lf Z'u~ni !hl'nl SnHm Il~ U,l hil , :rm~lC' ) ~" I_Migbed~ 1bu~ Ihc JUiUJC'(i'I#J~ . r AbdnUah :bin M~s;~u~] "* (h;Jl "[he PrNlp.tvl ~,\,~~ou.b;1 nwllmi~c hi h~ eds le);~pt. ~r11l1c cegil~rnin~' iL net.'

mam N;nir4.l,\ i answecs thi clla~~ I or A~- duUah b'lmTh ~Ll 'Mubafflk. aY"'~,J:

• hc.~re ~V0 t~l!lO If(,uit,:~~r" ~;jlIon,cd '. ~ In J\bdlUU ~~ b~n ~ilS"ud ~lh()lY~ [ai --~ rmg. l!he: tm'l'i!th.: (fine ,l«lfict:lfJ,F. , ~'~ch Il1tent~O[l" his o\vn [~~Wllce as 1['fI3(;oro;d bjl' AJ~ j _ lW oll~ N~:s:.i, -lnnidl~~ ,~ln.d o'l~et '. mJ If (Jl~he_Italle:(!lr,t dcsc(bring ~h~ ~rnC{ice.l the PropOl:1 - hims lr as l~pO'llted b)-f 'I ahtlL\\' i ~'lI~d olfuters. 11,.1$ SC~Oli~ hadt'eth is· LI~iI;! ep'fi!fJf,~ ~:l~rl~cutr n' I~T,liL~ar' ,,110 ha" re:! dere ~ ~lie ,3ett'!, rn~ 'I~(':al)~ng . ~f ~he WOrdSi of bn ~j'l "nd; ~ "S1il!O~ld l not lead you In 'V{~'lllJ, in Ule manne of the Rrof bK~ll ~ •• tlfll~ Ilin.. D.,tlt ibli~lo·1 [hi'Hr~d Iy to Ike Pml ilea: ' • '\VbQt i; app ~rent. 'hcrrc! ore, ~, 'hm :~1aIn 411 Muharnk has d .·l1Jied the ;~lL~Jhc,!l}(ie.i'ty of t~ , SCCOllJirl! '1,ld(}¥!l{l !t filch' 'ay· l~a~ rtll~' 'Pi.'IG;phe( i:l! ~'V()-\~lcl nui rnll,~C Inh~ hl~r~cls ex cpt ill~ ,'he' ~'g ~~1!JI~hlE. r.am lh~ Ol,llil'llC'mid~).1 of I'hc f~I.'Sl JKii1of!'.eJi, d£'~ crU~i,ng Ibm ~b1Js ud~s "'~~ o.W~fI pf,acticr'~ W',ha~el!j,r(,'r 'Ibe CilSle mfi~ ~!:!~ .• ;1''\11£1 i1i1\:"ih Ibn D~c;le~q 1:11 ~td ,m.l Siln(ilcc ~itlj, a[l~:WC['C' lhi~ by

a-Y~1I1g dl~l, ,e\'t;if.'i i r dti'!t mlnat;, n ,is r1Gt ~lftb In sh .tl:~ ll~ Ill£- v ie ~. ()r .Ibn

. ~ illUll.!'Il1fIJ Abu HRUj f:dl :l!i IfflQO,rdOO in /'I!ul1 -J of M'I,~iJ'J.'U? ,d Il5':L AI~1l:I :N,.'!p~~l by [bnl Abi S.hnub<'IJh in m~ (r! ~'/u9mmllf'244~ as '\'io'dl ~11I Inis M,:muFrli - 23~ Ahnll ~, ~61"1. c m'l ,[).a ~'i)01;l 74$.. innLd~li ::!.ilii1: " n~li i I~ ,til Mi'j}~'(lbtl: I B ruuJ ,J~.." in 61 S.I\I'U,w1 all K;f_flJn~ 645 & UI<)1.J; Ab!(, );"~'I.:m, - A1l &. S~ "2- rtt1iLd B •. lh~q; ,,,,'S:31. 1111 1-I.olGrnl 212M. [!.Im,8j 'filM'k\iinill1.i VI U ~11~d I ffi-Dl!Jt,1r N'iln.1\d ";02 ,liiJave 191[1 <l!ed~lJ'ed flffi~ luuk'f'jJ,'~ .J(1J;~ j _

120

,ilJj J)~Ub3fifJki me does tun. pruVC1iil USl frl()m S,tllQly.ililg ,Lt, "nle a.1ltlln.e fl~j,cm,ll1 o 1 lb,.; report tre-S~& eN." Aasi m bin Kul;ra'i ' ~lIr1dbfii ~([a":n h~:s 'cblss~fied bir~l a'S ",thiqa'tr,' _ lltlte~uic.·'

Q:rtail~ peo.j.dl .. ht: v. raised seme 'veJF)' ''''\:e~k a'td 1Ji ,sus~ainah,l,e O~je,cf;of1' ~bOUJ{ lliiis Iladeca,I,. 'I1Qwe'\~cl'~ ,aU their objecl,im:il'~ roe: hH;()IT~C't and !lave beee , uswe \::d iu ,greal de:lJi~h ~y I~'he !~h11,tm.

,: .. hfJ!a~:!.~j ~ -I~~ <cli" cusses these q~J~st'iom;, and ,iin .. ~Uy S!ityS:.

"Thre COrJ~C[(.t"1io.nl' Itlhere~i)l'e, i lhrlJ' this hade-et/J w~:Iih, tbi~~ ~ddilj(j:n;d ¥! .. ~. ~ iIil;f; '(0' '[.Ie did no'l, [-e~l:of: Lii'I, the nll:si r IB, o.r ~ he ~~flnd . j Oqr • H·· cUd] uot tndso 11m.:.:; ba;~~1 except onee') is Sfl/~,~e/l", i3!ud ·aU '1::rn'u!lcih;,'RlS level .. ed ,ar ~l wre re~~mdiatcd. l'h~jr t"'h~i'lrn Uml: ibn M:D;~"~Jd mar :IR)"~ib:1y have rorg II ~,I~~i)a ~li~i,rlg C(· I,~I-e ihtlm:b C.X('cpl iii! th . be;gmfNlnin~, ,fU~1 tIS I~~ forgot 3h~mt ~h~ p~~c~r~g 0' the J5alltds O;~ ~h~ ku~(~;S. in n~1k 'u and 'Oither thillg.s Is W!J Vier)' d~N ic~bl~ c'hlim mndee~. 11 is bUl. a'ft aUcuJ,thn

T'II. "d AI 0-

wwtntJU[ e\·L enee ann j~bejr'<G i~,. Ina. \V~ty of kn,,"villlg "IKliI A.MuIDlal~1 b~J~

~1~ 'ud » k 11I)IJiW t1h is and '~hen for_gol it hit fSt". rei. On cl,i1"(:la_re', it 'llI'U,3'Si a!_dl ~ ~iIllpr-ob·ib~c. 'The II ~Ir~h 'i. mJ~,-:t k ,IJm";ll!Yutil~ ibJ~"Il[rU DC. s .d~otl~, Ore raising of the hmftds in .l(J.~a/~c. W'~.lel'hing which ~ , a'-rc~:ur.r,ing prac ~,~c.c. nll~lIrn~ D& ~nljJC:\ ev _ nil1:i!. day ~lIid Ilffigt1'l h) AbdlllJluh birn :110 ,; ud who fajthfuU rer:liain.cd 'iu Ithe (;,o'tl~l~m'li)' of tbe Pl',ophc[ e. an;d who

\\1.1:5: il personal ~uem;r~m;l, [[0]:' a, ve:f]' h)l~g 'I~mej is nJlJ~ void of In'''oB!f.mce.

Ahdtwllah bin 1\ .fI' 'ud~s; ..a. ~il"dlnl hi!) h!Jlil J~ bC'twoon his knees ln ~ut"~Jlt was ~~t bL"t~~se he llu~d fo.rgo~', 11m beeeuse ~,is, lV'~ IJ~(;]i-bcd, In Ith~ Sha:nnh. u}nd ~t1e.~ hIrer mJhro,g.u'tr,;i(l. as h~ " ooe:J.~ cJetm~f m,cn,io.ncd ill r-e'pr):n3~ and ~e was nO'I yc~, ~WltJl',e or IlliIG '~lbroJg~ti OII,"J~ :Shl1lj,hu Ii s 'I!he C~, \Vilh all lh~ ~hlill11- of fa 'gel"rU lncss ~:o Abd~~fI:lHh ·bi~l - 4;~~:'lJId ~: ~ho.y "-"ere bce~tL)Sc 'u - other ressens, but n.(}1 'fo~getfu In: s .. ,mi, hail! bcG:F~' i2~plni L~ed by lMle. :£1. 'ho~Elj':i i~1 HJ, ['~Ic;'Ij:.:mm' :pl;u::~. The ~ ffit peNon ~o ,~ISCI'~ . ,,' ,Q~'8dfld'lft ~ l . hi-I .~ ull dl . h ~11'ud in 11lC:~e hll,ln. ~ ~~ . AJbl, B~l~a.' bin 1 ~),:ltq who e. ~1~'~eai!1lCOim ~'IJas beCJil q~O'I,cd by B,Mha('i~ JI1 hi. ttl Sm~(~ ,r ~md Rill ., bd al H~~i in tl/ltl'"UlfFC.h. Ibn td TLUi-klmllniil!l1·'

~ _ ,I:m~ ,~~rI'I'JlJir~' 'I:~ "-"I,:: • i V~1il lliil .rn!l1l'rCm; ~ il."'~ '~Ji1t~lli ~Ii~n ~hj(;',h j:-; l'hat S~yyldunol AJDdullal~ bUi_~~ rUlli, \'It~' a'\\l'fIl'C af ~1~oG ~bro~~~J(au Q~ 'I,he ou:~gi~~;i:d p~iC'e ~r tmrfn!eIJ h"lH co:rl~~1.dere'd ~l b:lI be m~relf a ~'lfy ~~ I OOljjce$~,O:.LO fllIL-i.! ~o r.p~th~[ Il'btln aocq1~ ll~ lbene: til f II • '0 c ... 'Qn h~ preferred [G! o::ml~rlUl¢ "~hb r-'(lt~ WIld ' em UPOQ !l!1: 'e:,I,mJI. '~~heool~ '~P'l or fcrrc:goif!, tile ~iOn(',~S&io:n 1rru (he ht:!pt~ or recch,'~ Dg ,iii gre.'l~er' u:ewru'{1 rOt ;~dllmlll!~ hJ mhc' ()[lg';n .. I)~

:~,21

has (ndel!ls.:lvell~' Ie[ridt~d.lhoe 'W01't(!r ,of !his A~U BaID' bin IiShaq i~ ttis at J(n't,~iu:~'~ a' Nllqi'YY fi ".1 n:fJdVi' (1llril ,(II Jj'{l#ll1(J'~.·~·

2. The et\dier '.t,dee~/~ 'hu;s also beeo 'r,a;p~J'rwed b)M N esai '~~-~h thlr!e.' 'fo~~o~ 'irllg \'vo~-(Ung: '·Sboul,rl_ ~ll'· .lnl:cu·_ ~

'!!-'IOU .g,f' O~~ Sillalt uf t!lJl!~ Plt'iOpbr~t 'S:~'" Ile_.U e ... ~ ~toud iJ • I b,n' rIIlU lie up', nd .rfit~. dl hi-, h~rndJ~ once n ~ ~L '~liffijfll~ •

. , ''16.5

cUd. m.ot ·[·at. e Jr·em ~Wl,ll~l~

3

S~)-yildun:~, B.n:r,ntl b\ifIII . :z·~· .. 1~1,3, .~ that. . h'~"1l ·t"L1e. -:F~ - ~let .. "'. Jd bC!gjl ~ 8.tda.f;f 'he 'W1outd .. ~,t5e ~llS .h,i'll ~ds, d0S't ,t,o his. ears a,.efl).d ·thew·1 not r3!i~ie tb,em "' __ 3M

flIjGa~n"

~ ~, 1" ~1,t'~ .:.' l'l'~, CI m p106~! . 'widt· rn~~cC . m¢lfd)'\cD~ "_ . . . .

'~w. ,'tOlD MIj~~Ld.dilh Dh~lfr .N]I~llildi tnJl~~lW!U s~ Jf~ ~'l':-.d I~ lIrJ,~~tO:t'S ~w lb~~~~ of oolh·~~.~ t"i Ill.' M . I"mill e'N.~'P1 Ski ~W \!/~)o· ki: flliqahl . ·a'l1!llha,l'L~i.~1 and A~lm \-!;"fuio tSo:a

fld~~j1-J In~ f'f;iTI,(Ir o·f ~11 t~1i!lim i ~:~ '~')I; .'

_, Abdu~ Rm~~ q 15J~. Ibn A'b~ Sb~1D. -'J 244,0. #\b1.11 lO._wood '49: ~ d A'bu. y. 1~U

16'$0'9. lL,690. !6'] & U192~ mld 'failw.wi U224;

122

1'e.POfl;odfroll1i'JJ Y:21;oo· d by isnuu)e] bin ZaJutdyya in Dttruqu~I1~'8 al Suna»; by Ism eel bln YU1111S in B(lJ~h aq a. s al .1{hU(JfiJ:f.at as ~em loned in, a~ ],cn;i!ar dl Naqi'," '~Ild Ma,t1ani al Akh',b'QtI'l', by :~~:n!J.11·,3rn:miW bbil, A. bd~~'1 ~~ hfiUll~~ btll . ,.bi ,I ay ~ in :his book as mentinned by Bu khflVi Ib~ lu·· Juz'. and by W _a'm7~a:h. ill! Z~~yy~t in Tahal'ani~'s al AWS.c:d as mentioned :in lW,cdJani tit Akliba(JJ'r~ These are then at lea I~ seven nanlar-·'r:s. SlJlf)·.~ Li Hu JU~lmt ;S.hal:eck. Ismaeel b~im, ,lJi.ka,I'iy" n Israeel bi n Y!J nu. .Ibn Al}i L_ 'j la llnd ~mfJ)z.Elh al Zayyat, an -or "'~/hQrn na:rr' 1~le l~ above h.£J{~'eel,l~; 'wi,[ful me words ~ and hen not raise tfu:em. a,gnin.· Tlle~e wOI.-I, arc tile. I establ i'he] and ~ re IPaJ1 0'" rhe Iwd' tf'". _'urthClmQJO~, Y,niQee-<J hi!~oo~e~f is no~ .a~one il~1 r1l}pOJiling ~hi~9 II(Jd'eel'~ ill this form, .:1 Ie 11 _$ be 'No ~ followed 1)JJP in fh . narration u .. Un ese "\ erds by h;a. l[):i~]. ~bd~l Rah~iul and 'H~~t1J11 bin Uh'LibIlh as reeorded by Bukbar In hls Ju .. il Abu Dillli\Jrood. f!1ba,wi, Baillf!;q.~, [tlflld by the

coUeeto.n o'f a'l ,IV/Ut/t:nI U",ma{,1 al K~·~"ra. .

.. , U~nab 'Iwnr- . ,,]b a Kashnliri s ays:

'Iu Jlori; this di~u len of I:he teple Jr01n the alla'S:l,e of 'oolh J.Jlld ,e'lh 3ind hisl.Olic,~I, tJ~l,a conejudes il~al i~. ~'R correct"" tOI use ~h~ ht1d(1,~t" of B ~i'ru.1 (him .Azi.b) ~ m~ evldence wifh m]H~ .~tJ,llhCin~j'~ a.d~~,I:ien8 ~ w . rcl~ng (or h~ "lIitOUlld il1lb.\ ~. ise ~bClin Lly,il1 'Ii ) •• ~

4·, t\ w:&d says "1 p~"1l(,rdl .st~lQll W'.U;(~ C UHU" bln ;11-.

Kb, ~"Ea b " ~u~d h _ did. O'~ railfr '-I ,lland dllll;lw - , fI ' p;tr ' of' st-lJa'h' e1(cc:pt 'in 'fh e beg.!.' n:tng. j Abdu I Ma li k I: one of rhe [ltin-atO'fs) ays:, ~I ;;J} S"0 Ob~[f~,~dl Sh 'a - iI [lbnllhim ·~n.dl Is ~~q nlot :~'~i' In.i1 'If )i~~r h ~nd.s cx~~p~

'~I~~I n b egi.mlt ~ I fbcir lirfll(~'I/J.· 368 -

5, Aa~i IiiIlll bi n 'Kl~]aib Ili;lfnii~:es 'fr-om h"s ~at! her llb~u S,tj ) idtUlf'J.ZJ .. -lIJi • wo.~dd r,~lse R ~ b J!u~b;;; ,~t l-Ili fili l

$ ~' ~a'fif,(lI·'E.m'U' 21·1".;,

: . Um Alli. S!OOibah '2~l4, mull T~~[l'~i I tn.' , I m III '·alltaWm. adds, ml1:!lt ~t i, a S{l'J:~C'd1 Ir~e.rrl. Ihn al 'iLJir'{:;Jl!rrlltin _ ::;~~f.!i. (lJU19.) tll1i[j~. Ibi .. tf'li.,wd j' s()..hi!d~ .:}C.cQ. Ji.ililJl; to' [~lre: ~~Hth~n~ or My HH~. Holid:n bin liujnr ~n~'.~ i:n oj ,Ow(Jr a~,r p 113 lih [ r' s u~rrnlor.s L'IN iluUtr'''n1.lc.

l'G:lhce'r [at ~f,tdtll~. ,I;i]' '", ,u16, '11( t If: 'i,e '1'1) m, :lg,aWn ,ffir~·r nds~i ~

7.. Sa}'yildiul'la Abd[j~l:a,h bin ~1,a~Cud ~ says 'I 'p:if'OJ~e.dJ, be'( l11d ~l': :PJ'~p!hJ' t -', ~ bUi H'lltr" ~ nd lU19,r 11Jl a tlle;y ,dffid, not, 'nti ,':e. dl~fl,' hands exeept when, 'beg'irm-de"

r r "J'. s"~I:a,~.

S. Abu B,a,kr bin Ayy;asb !nl)~ ~ "'1 'iu, ~ 'n~t seeu ~ '-m~le !lliq(J"'l 11101 mit" I",af e 'II, ~~~n~d ", ft't :~_' 'tlfli~: O'tJ1i1Jt'f t'~~~tiW. 'tll:e fi'r t ,t{/;tIJ,~,.,')"1'!,

: hllu«lidhh D~l~f,r : h,mad al : lhm'ani '~a,)rs:

'~Thi ~ ,bows I~~ft'~ ~1b f'iSil1l of t~ro~ Itt nd~ when bowing i'nlo uk .',., and when IlJiisiug , rom 11: was mOim, I)Jlk~l,y not prad~soo \¥.\li(fu~y du~h~g ~bc ~if¥!i; of 'U're T{A!hi"un. fur Ab~1 Bakr bil1l! .AYjiasb, was one Off [niL} f((re'mos~ Tab i ,J~b.le1tr1u. ,::fa)'lk wn'Q '\4:'a."i a~[.'" a ~,)rol1ni,nell[1 -:rab 't

j(Wt ~mejfml :M~1!ll!rulUnad !inlrbiB tel' Mnwo;;;ta '~09. ~~n Abl S:lru, ;h~J1!, 244,2. ~Iblrlo,vd :l t-22' ' ~md /Bo~batl] 2~~15. Irfa'fi1:Vil[ ZWJ~'~ee says, ~MQ6 .Jl~~ ;'1 Is a, 3aJ.red~ ,~~JJf!ellJr •. H~l'~dlh, bin Haja ~$$ in al DiTfl;y~h lIB] [11at its maI1rah)l"S ~ ~tt'beJl't~C ,~Iiid H~f:lidh BmH~ 31 ~n. IUni ,s.n~ hJt U~· ftl~ ~l G«ri' as ~Ui01~d ib~ ~mat't'i Nirrtli\wi, 4~.1, "lime. rlSJ!t1d or ,,\,' trr~ tI~f!! :Ku~E!tb'~ hmlt,11J) is .~&1 t.""h :CQ0~dj~S, ilO .he cCondit ens Or1IdHl~."

y:o T~ll:'1W~[ I {l2~. wiJllI. ~'I;~~O ~jn;o:reru ;SII(UJ-~! 1\,' i~agitood~d~ D·lflm:r~'f ,~~IUfud UmIll~a't1i !hils discuYI[::(J1 each rfiamd.OJf o:m 1x1itJ~ Itle I ,tllJlfJds ;and 1~£O"i!t:n mluu ~h~y nre ~n tlilJsh:ellldc onl Ja

I AI»~ y~ "ar SO; ". iD~WilUlu~ili ~ 120. {ilitid ~ nU.~:1 34,. ~bn: ~ 'furk'~}fllDn~ :S~~~ Itb3! 'II ,1 i~ ~, jet.)')lid (,~y g,tH;1L) s-u~[)O]'lI!i~8 I1MI\ 1.L~n, 1"h~ I~,,·~ i!/,~" ,'annum, '~'1ulKl;'lmmtd Mn J3lbiu bim, Sq.y, till' w~ 1 1lm$ ~fI dedfl!'ed, 'w¢i1k b>~ Jt1c. ,1'¢1~))!i;) b~ oth~. M'(Ihi'Kll~nh D~,!a~;ar AbomJ1i 'UtllJl1l1-ioi disc.'IiJi:saes Inir:s 'pBS!,~i,Otr~ at l~ei!1Jgtb be' ore een 1111d,mg lh.~ hHIS htJd~~ ;t liS at 'Ie:.1SD. :ib~n '(316'1).,

, ~ T3Jif~i ~ fII'S. 'bHilaildhll 'D~b1f8t IYilmall UUi(ila_1I1I~ :s~y~ (.~11). ·111 1fLrruL, tors :9:re ~I,ose of B~lkihu;1 e~ ece,~, ~t n A:hi D, WQ~d, and hG is i/miqaJr. (fWitherntlC): ,t¥h}~addith. Yu, uf ~,~T)!r~CiMd sa,Y (2'144) ~ll;,U "S, s('ma'{/ hi 'Sil~~g. A~ 1][ 11 ~kr bi~ AYJ',it$;'h i [QPC of nt~ OOniiitoD.; ofB~kh.OIrI ~,11td one or 1he l-e.f~ne'~ of SU&Y~Ih f!1 '1~ hMW"i Um 0.1 ,Mu.bll'8 ' ~nd WroaTn Ahrrll:KUJ.

124

Tobfe.e' say_ la;, Is £et"orded :in ,Q/ Mfr,(/,'/;l!l'W(JIUIIl A~ l(u;J'(t '~'J (b ~ ~ lk~OM'Oi~ rais~n: ' ch. :". ~t!~d,$ b~ P~RlY' ~ok.h :, r of ~~/tJJJ~ ~eittu~,r ",~Int '~, r,~h,g or bo\wu]$_leJl:icept HI the beguilmrmg \'i.·hJ,;l~ !he ShlfJJ}~ld ta~:s;e his hands :sl'igllil~'flr:",)7'-' [hr.] ,;j'1 Q~]$im also 5&),"'5" "'R~h;i,l~ the~ands \\I',~~ \l~~k ~n Ilbe: \"lel\W ,of Ataili'k e~l,epr, [W[ tlfe ibeB;~nl"i.iw:g, of :5alah.~· 'Thi' :01 0 ~ '~{l W

I U;i;! I e 1misin of I,be hm'l'cj·' '\, '. ;SI!!JiIl(;I;[;f.U,. r~im. IP( ~ct:i,ed du in,1I'ii fh", 't 'Iiroou!~Yn '~' "

9., Abbl1l!d the son t}[ Sa ,yidufiJa Abdl.,n~h bin a1 Zu'b;romr 4? r\~lau'!~ 'lhtIJt w'&lre!fr1 S~;3 rllJlg $,11.11," lIb€: .P1f10'l1).~~~el, ' '~!Qlumcll. l~a'I,'" lid'" ~:I~' ji~li the '1lP}C'.r~hudllg a( ~~1 nOli: rarse '~heD1J ilI"I},tUlfl :~It mi 1 " fnlt untU ~L COnl'l_]rfefled l~jS'

p~~~m -

U)I Ibr.a'd,lll, .r.I<a.!kh.o'i relate ~Jh:a'l~ i A.lbdtcm~bm !, bin

Mas, ud - ~ lVould '~~t f,idse Jds h;Plltld" 11\ (1:, ~y ~lrlll)1Jj' s'alall. eN' ,e:p~ in the lb,egID!fIf.J1J~ng,~ .316.

2"

'I

, .J

12. Sa)'yidu.n~ Abdo.Uiln bi~ 'UmM J!i! InJ;mahe.~ ~.hat ~,e P.l'l.:pl~et - wOilddl 'ra:I;' . lu, ~ ~I'nd ,~. I en 'beOhuDl' , Sf1l,:aJ~ and n e'n ntlil raise '~helD ag~i "~ 31$,

14k Abdu[ ktiz bin H8kee~ , s.~:ys .. _ I I I.' ~ Ibn Iln:a,r J l"a1i!ie l1is :liUfliltls '1(1, t-h.e . It:; ellof bis mJil1'S at Llb£ tmu~: of til!! ·Brit Ira'kl'(1, r in tho be;~i-~ninG ,mit 51110;1,'- -In.d b _. d;d not r'£lMe U~em alplHllrl fliurUDI this:,' ~

The above aT: .. uct,el/~ a so mClw [)\1Ja~. . "aY)l i.dM I,a AJbdlill lah 'b~,n

'·"aLis. " o.wn praCtice W,~~ 00 di \eJieI.lJ[ ~.O dun of llil~ s nlor 'coln.p.nn~o~s S~CJl c .' S·yy i una Abtl Ba_k~", ." 'l'yykLmaA.U~ ·~ayyidU'lla. Abdrld la bin .M·as 'ud and . (~5. ow:n f~nie[ S:a,)~:Y;ldl1n"..1 Urf1H.ilF • 'flheJ' ~'orl'dJ not r,'.r~8e ~b~i m: h nds except i1!m It:h·, be.ghnl~n.& 'o:( ~'.(J'(llj,. However, Say.yid~,uulJ Abdu.·nab bin U:m~U''''' (in some ~,mtruil~O~S_ ._ nOi~; ~ U. as (:~1,[ .. seen above) dJU~e:rs ~.r:it'll Sayyid11j,uuJIJ Albd~IJ'lalTh b]~~ M'~~:yd

ill his r,e;pOJrtt f1bou( me pt-ac't lee OF 'the Prophet _. ~,' He relates ~b:u ~\~e l\1e ':"~Ier of AU ao ", would rmse his =:rn ds at t~I~CS othe 't'han 'the first wkb(!)€r whereas $a:Yl'ic;]t!!na .Abet Hnh bjrI11~$ [fd ~ repoll: tlu~t he \~rou'l{l oll~Y :r.a~~e '~hem in the oo,;giliillmring. ~ n '. ueh an instance whose . ~.arr~Hml is 101 be gl"l,en .I~ref -renee? _,·!h~· nswer I(;,o~ be pbn~:~, 'I"om the :fo'~ru{)Iwh~g Fe-PO' ';,

14. (liKidh 'R~ja Jb~m, al .MurJti relates thfMllm~"n Ahm3id.

biin H-anj)ftl ." .al·lYI bill 'j' " cen and AI bin a,l

Jr ' S~U~21t1i in, td K'd~tlp)~~li.1t 3iS (,~tlOtOO b'. H 'ildh Z· U3~ .1710. ~';IIi.1l1~d~1~b 'tll.luf 3J iIclli1nJlJl;(nui ~t49g (]~i·(l!'~·es- Qla~hl AlIiltd S;lndjl~ I~n.o sa.ys ij n 61 .M{.gwrdl.fl~ ,m. tat!!· 'fol!, ']11' nty vl1ew ~hlt!; hflrletJh ls undOubteilly mlj'eef~.· 'He' ~~ ~ quotes lM9~ AII.rul%ti.l ,Ao'~r S!1all aJ K' brurni a~ .. '. ,ins, Inl '(J"tml f.lit@nlitOm~cll in ~ ~ ~Qkf!1'«j (Na,s:i c ~ iff(~ '}wh byH::IJfidlDl Z~lIaee) ]S ~~huh,i .

,'~9 [bt .Abl Slt~db, h i ~ 512 . Jl' .r M3Iw.i I 1225. -l~fidl B~dr::rll Deeu, n Aifti'" ,)'S Un. MfJl\ul' Gari 512"3 'IIm~ l.t iSJw;d hi,sah'f!~'t

-:1;. [jn3n~ M1!.I!~tf,rti'ln:1id ~n l.fil M'fi'~'a~la: lO~t

M,adiiinriJ ear ne together In i\ - liI~tid. all K1laif n 1\f.iImi8 a --'f] ~ IlF a,- • d 1ft . J, h!u' tfl~1 tmi Ie . ~~ ,b . it .a 'nJusjal'tdl -emf W11ulllbu. .l)nriD(g tlhe eeurse of [the 0011Vf!rsa1iio~w A~~ biro oil .'r:lalf:!Hn~ JIl'endorned as hhr .31'glun.ent, :Ulf!Ut wJilJeJ[g! Abd'~ Ua.1 'b,in. (lil, ''!lid 6· and A.'Ibddmh b Ii, Un1l3F iW IcMilfter 'tib!C1iI Ib'~] Mas." mdl U .ml~_' -i de .@!1tl~liq ,fI;im1d '"'tU"~~.... ,. - 'I,.~,~ 11T It; -II .... , .... ..11

,-@ g __ - - II!!!...!!... U. !IJ,!!~.~ 5 .111_._~'!:!!,W0Y!~

Jmam AhmfUI brin H.anJ!J.aJ agreed, n~. _,

~,:t Jabir bi n S8Jm~.ntb.' ;Si!ll~¥s~.· Tbe P\lr0plhet ,- , l[nmJu~ out to us ': 8J.yiniif _ "~'h.y· ; I it ltll~t Is' YOtil n~J.iin ' : '·0 ~I.r handillii, as t!h;oU·ltb Ithe)' are tbe taUs. of Imbst~nn~e bo:[" e,s.'l B'e.\I~lJ:.fn (:',1]:0 in salal-:;' .. :!lin

T] ere is another iuuJeeth qaored b)' Imam MtI!sll]]H, on he ,aurlho["~ty of lhe :!iDi..Dl .. omp mtli.OI~ Sa~yidull_ J Ib~'r bin SaIDu, ._h L 'which s,lares . ··rhen. 'we, _ p~a. ed ,~Yl;lal" w:ith lfile' Pmpbet' '\V!e 'U'Ouild say .tIS 1\Q1a:t1J u a'laiiulw.. ~"" 'ndul;afnlfaI1 1(lS! S(jltUi~ u ,(J.',l'aik,ntl.' fWl r'tl,hlJJat~,',lr'(Jh.. fIe ft!IU'~ ~ulflr.n:1.Iil)r,) :iJJ_SQI bur c'ated] ,"~iUr. biis: ha,J~~,' s .. TILlie 'rnpl'i.et: ~ saJtd; . '_. ·JlIi.l} ,Hlll',fl: y~_1 lflfi0 t.[iJlwing· ·wi.nll ,Uti r hands a t'mltlgh Illley ,I!l"e f_c 'fans i)f'BI':s~ti tl!·~e·IIDim!~e.sI?!I'

Some p -opt, ': ~at,e [his S1 e eond ho,t(f(jtl~ as an expi.fll'il;"roic:n IDO dl.e n .t a Id claim th~lLl. both pertain 1:0. the I,aial'.t a nd not gel,eraU ' to L le

'~is~IUilg of Ihloi: h~nds (j~ul .Ii sial d~! How~'lI!C, M I m~n:y i>Il'!:(lrIta, •

iln..CI.~d ~ ng ,. if~db J'anli:ll al Deen Zan~ee:~·m ~rn ave explained, it is q:tl ite possible ~hat the above 'two .IJudte,tiJ. are 'l1W1ltel~t(:ld, ,tl'llld tJoth refer III two Se~1ilifEte lncideats, PironouJt1I.cing Ibe. s('.llam and S!lgJ; IIL~~[g the gfet:1jng with one's I:U)J.],ds jttd'[ca:te ' ~lne end lof p:rayer~ 'E~' cannot be said [0 su ~b it tpe·.r. on: remal!1il calm • in salah ~ . Even i r we were to assume that the aibo.'\re I~WO fwdee#f were connected and both referred

110, one 8l~md 'tJl~ ":I~ll~ ·1~feide[U", !h,~ rill.! of iCW;ll'lblle.ss, ln StJll~h-' Is .mOJ'e

I DOOltqUl ~ 5~:S, .. H &:jr~ 482 and Ba.~b~qi 641: ..

ill AJJrnttd 20450 'c 2.0522, ." u tim ,IJO. 1\lm 1)),\"OOrl IOOU,.m(jJ Nasai[ 1184.

m f'Q;~ ~"'.nU ' of ihis 'i, -e.. ~e~rning ,_ J 'j"(lrli; SC€· ~D~~ b~ogl1 p'lii~~ ~li.Q:!lI! .~H ~he' ~i!1d of

~, ;e. 'b001it. '

121

pen hf]e'f~~. 'l0' lah~ nli$;i.ng ,Of the [fJi'ands, 'lbe~ore and i~ft,e:r. [h~ fuk ',re ~~lIl1;d s,ajd(j'h~ I',~~ihe.r than at 'the Inlli'Ji]!e of ;,\"tl.,am· which j s [he moment of 1~l'iIidmg. '~,he' pnl;)l\fC;f and D:riJ a ~ .. ray il'lJot even p~J~ or lMliah'. ,~~o~'her' reason for c('m~kle:r:i ng II'hc lWO to be sel,;aI',3!1:e h'(uJ,6'(Ja~ ls Ith~t ill. [~we f1 r,~ t ,~~ad{Je¥h the 5'alla,~(lh, were lel~g3ge~ in :salal~: and the :PrllJphet D enrered the ,'Jill1~j.id ~H:I;d. saJid the ,al'ilJ\r,~. words, The. ~ecund htwi(?!f!lh on the olhc r ~Dnd ~ilOWS tllhiat Ithey wtOO ,pra:y,ing W~lil1 the Prophet kt~ld he eorrccted ll~m a'f~t· ,oo,mpled'f~~: d1L'C c~:)Lngro~·d j,(llli!l ,,:~ ;~,Gf.la/t.

'16, Hnsai I~ bin Ab du 'I ll~Jrnlm~~ ire'rnlll~,{~ ~ ~ • fnnr !filII ,~ll'n ~Fa,b I~~d, :I~ visib!"l [bl!'Hllint tlJ~ 'Nflkh:i i~ Aun~' sawd~, i'AI.iQ:;uJUaJh bin' . ,~n am lI:aJdlb~;fIllfrr~j nalrt'~'3ted: ~O! ,~~le from. bJ.m:s ,£,dhe:l' ..$ 'Umirr~ he 'poc·,a.)"icm S'ala'Il" w~U~ the P~~611]~-,e~ §. He ,$i~W 'hmiill raise m ru~ 'h:'TI,UJ]~ 'wlleD 11~ ~;~Jiidl the 1~1-"~e,~-t,~ when Il(! bowHi inl~o tj"k"!~ ,;.'l:ndi '~.1~}e:l!11 herose 'th'er.e:faroi!ilITb'ru,. ,," lbr,mlldlmllJ:F~ pUed, ;;;"'1 do, Dol Itn~),\f., Hli! may 'p([l~::;ib~~" ~- et 'bnv~ seen the P~'ailli!he~, ~ PIN:Y e~e.el~i~: O~1i Ulil!~: dmy amfl&~ Ilbus ,~~m'lflln b ered 'his ~F l~brlllJ" (OUle;~·wi~e) d"'d, Ibn M,QJS;' 'ud ;:~ 8Jl1Jdl his e!lD_l11~~n1lJ~mns no't· nnll~lJll;bel' Mas, ,a! ~~inl? I ilr~a;"re: n~)~ herl'lrd it J't"Or.til ;[Ijm~1 01fID~ ~f them, TI'le\1' wOi!JJLd iJJlQl~Y rarw~~ I:hleb' tnu~d" i linJ tllI- !beIID~ulin:r:

"" - - , 1"'~

,tJ J',,," J~ I ' ,"" " C iFf Li,III~!II'i; ;An 1,.1_.,""",,,1'" ,!II .. oiF

Id)'III 1',i!'ll'!\tU~ mll.e;ml :S:[~)'JJ~~ Ill. Mo.' i!!~~;~'_:"'!;i'~i!','

noUlilll:g It- th~nt~~ '~e 1~~t:aib1Ji$hed, \v:fu.en Z'uh,t'i li'~3:r c,miftd ~O 'liIJ' e .f!liOHl SaUDi. fhml J~js, ,~mJfil1;er (Albd~lIah hin lhil1l;~JJlt" .~) '~tHaJt Ut:e' 1'i'~I'ht!l. 1WiU J~J!iII, ~"'~~~~ bj~ J~I:nuils ' .Ite.n b ~g.~nD~Qg sal(;tk~ ,~~~d at I_he: tilt~~ fDiF 'bol\\\'i P1g 'ffin.1-o fuk :I,tl, ;~Q:d ~is.iQ;g UteTer:rO'~1it'?'!l IhU~U.1 Abu lla!troJlifa~w mlla,rrl;;Il~~d, hilJ t~plJ'; ~Ha:nJllt1iRd ~l~ted ilCl' Ul e fiIiIo(lriJ) Ih~~,iil~~hilfru r~Ofiil-~~ (]~IiUtll Ulmld A~'~'f~ld 'Fire(nj Ibn _ 1~."5U,d ~ :t~l~t U~ , PIl''Qpbet W~~td!!i!l, net raise 'ib ~~ I~ all .. dls 1~C.'f:plt in til· e b ~h~Jrni~nl' (d~ saf(J,l~,. He 'w~~it1Ill)d :E~ot; iI,·,:l};Sle dltt!ll1 ;~_gRiiww,,'" Im:miml AwzaJt!-i! Fe~lru·tedl~ I Il,:rlt'n~e bUI yo u :ft'«-m 'Zuhri r1r'~~I,lOO~ S~m~m:m '£1"1001 .his f.~ tb~~·, ~nlld you s~y B~numad iI~~rra~~d ·~Ol J:tiU!, filJl~m l'bll',:IiilDmn :r" :~D1a'l1'. A.hu n';~iIli'~mb, .said ~,UawMad 'WatS :laJ ,g,IJea'beT'jll,(lee,ll thiM'l Zlllh r~ a.milil J:brmltim WQ!i :1 G~~~el' JtlfJ.,,,J~ ~'tnlal~ S~~ h~n~ AJ qilll1Jinl~ 'l~a8, nu 1~9S iaJ jiu,f'~st: dJJm:n~ A'bdil.lll~l:lljb lb~in U rn~a!U" ~ aUibo:o;glIl I b_m~ ,. ,im]\911i' ijb enji~l'lfed, ,'blll~'!b;(lh Oh~ COllI1r,iJ'fIIf lof :Ilb;@ [~I~oplhe~: ~)I and !bhlt i"i 3 n~bbl ,ril;'~u~., I s~rftd, w,:as atso or gl~e;~t Il1tCrJ'l ;~nd Abd~~~aij[t ,(Fb~ ~,_II~s~'I!I,d ~:;) 'IjI,"~s: Ab(i]IUI-I~ailtaJ~, U;pOlli th~~ ~vo(li"dls, of ImllfH Abu fla'mfah h~t~m, AW~3i~e 'betamll! ~ne:jflj ,',~~

t 1. S:n.d)ltt~,l b~in U:yaynnh [el~ori:S 'Ib~t InnItin~i Ahn 1);~lIlirfah.t~nd! hlf~a~w .... ~IZirli~~ ~et nod came :to,g;et~1 ~~l· ,. - M. ,'~I".~l,,-II~ '1Ir~!IIlIio:1l11'l -""!L'~,-",:01I'h"", a'~kedJ- "~11,' 'alt is 'i'~ '~~i'Uh

U:IJ :' ,~It'h. t~lll,., .iIJ:mI~J"'L. I ,n.,", ~u, ... "'" _,,""~ - ~ ~

JOIU - a:~~£!i, hll O:]fie m1J;)nrn~11.0~1- w~t'~1t )"00 p ~@ple ~or ]~:,~q", '!! UUI~ ,~o'u, do 111l0:t, I "4Ql[se yo~n" Il~nlrds, 1 n ,S\~'!fal'l\ _ ilil( tIt ti ne ~f bo~,illr~1 i,~t~ ~'I~I ~l:li 31l( vwstng U~.iel'\eJn~:ftli? \'! lrr;naM, ll'\Jb~, Han'ifab '1I!~~pUetit; "I:eJL\;~ll1~e fl!jothb~!~ ~~ ~ !~be;nt1c; IIII'BS: bee~, '91';~ bUsed about i~1 Il~0\l1~1 Uooe P,Mpbet ' ~ _n.~un i\- \'L\'lJ~l,eQ fi@iI1~la.Fk.ed '~"' 'GiW 'C~U~,

hnam NilnaJ,\lJIi says,

. L:me Sahllb,ar~ aud 'Ihose 'who c~n~e' :rnnl~r [he~rn cljfmrerl i~I'" diis ~'eg31rd. A~ '~\f Ithe a f.'6!,ID!" ;c~~i~hs. the rtbJ 5ll~g (If lh~ h~nds, Jm'S ~ot 1b-cC;1il p,rovtlt [rrol~l (hem ~ee,p:[ ~:n Ibe :ITi rslt ,~d~'J" of ~,r1ltJ'R'e:Ii.~'Qh And! JUlfIa'h kU[)W8, 'est, ~,$i!6

A~zswe,!s to' the tl,~'ait(J'(/tlr lfJ,j'ra;i~i'fg !t,~~'e J)'atulJ~

:I. S~yyiduu~! A bdld hill bin U.Dl1a~i ~ relaies that Ithe :rro,ph~f( ,~. '''''tm.lrJ oc'al\S~ his 'hin!nds mEwed J]J~' woulld beg'n, 'S!($1'8'1~'!i W~leil, b~wh~g ~I~,ti l~"k j:ll ,flJltd '~I~unli fai~h1:~' fits b~ad 1f1l"~ln, rll/(; 'll. He W(!u I!d Dot :r,£'I:lSC:

W, '~filHJlj,] A.'hli H rlni'f~n ~ j(oe~{Hd~d in Jam' ',i III /lr/~mlr¢{jil 11153. nnd !n.1Iilr:J11 I\]uh,an'm~ iln hi~. til ,~~HWfl~t(J II ~J,~ ,m,f '"ni(l]~ M~~~:uldilh, D~~~f~r. Ahm3(1 UqhmmUli !Uly~ (8;'t5)1 'tlu~l ~U~ IifiJ~i!iWr.~;~ !lUlhgm te,! AI!i~ 're.porUi!t~ 'Ily Th1~i,Wti ~ 1114·. lDm'u~u~!l}i II tJ~ and B a]h~lg,i 2516.

128

his 'fJ'and'5 lilllli Sllj,tI;d~ Th~ )"mlllflj,ed Ute 'Imn~ilil d 'o,f hi. ' pr~l)r,er r~ru '~le n~le'i Allal~~~,,);S7

IOHl'm -. imA;"lW~1 .- ays 'lnt;\l thls IlcH:/.ee1h' is not ju.£t ·\\feak. btu aC~Ila.J1 ~ fabdc~rled. rn· e 'W dll~S,:

It is ie!xLw£:tI1.r;I,f ,.(fall ,. I.ljiRL. cerntun aru~hl:n-:s, have ilu; UI:dcd this r~Oi~l~mll, i fI Ib ir ~rw"O\fib even l1ioiiliLJ1_ ! ~ome of kl jii:Jn!: Ei}l:~ a;-ro ~hOie: ~;vh.() have [~:t1il ,llOOu~1 of:f8bf]C~.ting h(~de;-,h.

jJ~rlahabi. 'I,y:;. ~in },U,-aall fliiWUt. A., dll1i Ri1htJrt~ti1 ,h~ QmJrai~ih hh~ Khll;~mn n1ah ~~~ Hamwffi was l ~std~Jl- of Ijlc.J~([Ilf!;t!. :Iilnd I~~ wa eecu S:~ by' .. '1 S'U~.ai 1~~lJJi or f~ bdca.th~g Juui&UI,.

He ali 0 &~y''': n I~ th " biclrn:~~ilY '{bf ~ ~~:j}~ blIn MiIlLhfJrI linladl, at An- ~rI: -'Abu Ha~im. s. id ·n~ ls 1f10L ~nmg.'· Yah},,, ;J.]t\ h~ll _ is .ill, gn:m~ Ui.lr 'Who rabr\ieates lUfd'ee'~[~. Uq,ai:lli said lh~tt he relates Qlf~, nanatlons c\l'Cll .. rom amtJ ~ii'iltc um',;,m:l'Oi'S. Daruqu L~1 i ~ J~dl ·thers ll.)\~l;;a~ d ~t~~t'h .

ii mll'~Th6tk~ ,

=n~am N i~l}~~wi add] ; th l some ·1 dull' heve ,cl,ni mad Illlf~l the ~e:1Il1 compaJl ion s ''>1I1ho '\1j,~CIiJ2 p~'Om:i sed Iannah have a' rel .. ted f\;.i milar . POI-ls [h~ll lh'I' , ·erna~m,. d Ithe method of the .. rophet 'pnty~" 'till he

mel his ld}~~,

He sa,),s q~IOfift1lS rrom Ka hf,td R,layn ,of AUam~h Hm~bim Sindh'l:

'There is r.lol1. one 3:u(he!iUk report r~:~~.[,ed to Ultis let alene reports ~ m t'h h~JI '\I~O ~,ere"'oi~11S~d J,annah; Yes~ th.ure ~ . ne nru-.If{kl.igtn (0 I bus 1~lId (1\ Alxh,.nw:W1 bim UJ:'n~r . 'lJ'lZ,Coooed ~)' Sa i.bllllc i hluOled ilbO'\iC) hut its. anad if. J Lot .m'~eeh. ;MId \\,i\h.oever. dai ms i m" ru.llIre.1H [city or [he ~mdt&1filicil~.y of OUlI-.=if Si:ifr,lJih~Jt" fi'Cpaui'ls rhen the hGJi"den Qf proof ii~ ~Ipon hi 111:1 •• lS&

some r :op]e h~ ,lG al 0 claimed lhi; l {b~' J ad et./~ f 'f~'~':i,lrn.; i'h.e haJtlds is nUll~w,~df 3,: ut is mln'a![ed from. So.me· :ll~]:y S(1hab(,~h .,w. ]t sbould ~e un(]tn·.s~oodl we'll h,ere. 'lha[ '[he.~e 50, Or so. llaJITRti@!ii. :ilre rd~ted w dlG j'ah:h~g dl_ he.HI !n th~ be3i('ml~ng of sat(Jh~ .1,Ot bOllt b~ftQ:re ,tt'uk' u and I~t!ftcr ,~~uk ";1. E V~ll S~ aWk1t~fi St'llys, in N,all a;~l A.w.,tU7f,

Jl1 Baj~qj a - (1IiOMC~ ~by !Hl~i'lih Zaik.(!e 1I40'J. ~ . QI T',ni . q tllU:r Hm 3~M.

ru30

'Hafid .. '(,aqi has oomp.·[.~()] a Jist 'Of the 'saltQba/~ who have narrated Ul" hatl "fu/~ o'f r~l.~siug til hiH.' CIs in '~l 0 begi' J~inl 0,' ,fjl(llait 'ley m,I£LUlber fi ft}f Stllu.JDah".·~·

The r.ili sl ng o,f 1'l1C hand " has beC~Il: melDlll~on~d ~r a n~ m h~v of d]f~feren~. occasions of .~altJ~~ jim, the alladee:lll. Of I hese, the Jnujlolri'a' u/m1)~(J _ rie lIInUtn]'11l1'OUS iii1 docL(lrJ'i n ~ ~~le, des.i rtibw]i~)" of ra ~s1i11 d~1Z: ~ulnds lilt Ith' begJnlli Ilg of Slll"/J 'witb ta~.e lalcbee r {d' rah~et!m(J'l1.. They ,~~ also a~reoo that 'i ~ j B~.c.ll desi rab le '[0 r£Li· ~e hand, (Hi) three occas,i(~lfim' of !;'~I~~I: - ..,tween Ute; ll!oO , (4(/:(llI-.s, ,llfh:r two ,'Ok. 'oat (at the ~~..gin'f.l,ing of ~llil" lj'b~ ,.; rak' aij')r- 8.J1· d lo.gld.helf' with every. la'lr.be~J· i n every Jr. se and desceat (;Iif ,M/,d~ I 'Thiii\ l~ l,h¢b lri,e:\i!f,. e\i'e~1 r.~'Jo~lgi~ there Ire deil!_f established ,tlh(J'lieeth for ;ilJlI c 'L~eJ e ceca ion 1 sorne of , .hi:ch iil!r~' quo~oo below, T]'lC utam« on I y d ~t.leI" about the ra is h'!lg of the hands berore olld aftci ~uk'u. lm In Abu Hanif h. 1m3 Ml Malik S,t~fy,a ,~] l'ha, wri, fun him al '. 'a:khDl". Sh aIM,~ A~~q.;lH'L'iUl_ J 8 nd the ~eop~e. of J fah sa.~ oc[ i . not desirable, \V'hUSI[, Imam ShafilGe and tmam Ahmad say it i , Oeser ~ t.h· ro.nowlng a"uulqeO~ abo1Ll.~ ralslng itj' hands '.I~ miln)' dli' ffr~!JCiru: places in ,'il,a/al].

.Ahaileent (Jill, :nli:siJ,',' the ,b;tul.ds wllt?nfaUi",g dlHl1R!Of' $,(ljttd:. Tnere is !< ~L . ,J{l~p,(Jh IHdeetli il, Nas~li ~ . d Ahnl.ad on the ~ nt~()ri'ly .o;F Sa.}fy]dl~1:1ta Malik bin iJ!1 Huwayrith (quoted below) thar describes the 1'H.i.sing of t~te httnd' a: the: u I ae of f~Uir-,& down :inroajdO:/,I. (Thws mt;HlilllS n~L .~~g (~~,e ha nd l'wic;s ,~ft .r ~'~lk [!(; •. ) .A~! amah A nl,lIj,l$'t1' Shah Kasllul1 i f1 8 a. s, 'In my o,i II ion r lbi s practice has ,i!!J. Ms~~ m n [~he. ,{,ih,uJ,Ml'h b~l~ no one 11~3g, p~ud ,~,'IEcnt[(m to Il~. ~b31 Rus d, however has . ,enn.i,(mtd I~h;s '~ll his flcn~tid ln a manner that ~ugg_ 1~'S that rnt was. the: practice ,orf Clf!;rLa]m scholars.'

. Sayyid~na . alik bin al Hu .ayri.lb ~- reports 1J1-rut be ~a,~v 1~1e Pn)\plhl::t f'Bruse b1' htu'ids il.iII hi, ,sal(1~~ lllH~~:U lle· bJ!,"11U1J1!ghl helll ~JQ r'II!~ '\Nith ~'m' e top I~r' Ih'ii~, I~, " n'h~n be b@' ea llfli1fu rl~k IU 'wben L e .raised ~ is 11m!' "ad

13~

frQil'll nlll fl.11 wl1!jO he 'elI]1 dov 11k :~t. s"tjud~ :' I .• '_vlileo he raised bms '~ea,d :frll)m s~diltd" i!IO

'ft mll:am Co ~ ima w~ ;sn~' :

.w.~ [WI-

"l,iiiifi,clh nUt 'H ~ "J rites in 1'~(dh ,al 'fJa,~'l~ ··n~ mo ~. alL'i[h(!n~le

lltl(k. th 'fn:!l!!l ~ ~ '\~ -emllC ~ r().~~ re~[~lh~g tlQ misimg ~he harrads iJl ~l1e ~j~ 0([ 'fEtHin!~ 1~m, sidt~'d Is t]l3l ~or(h~d by N:asaL1" .Af~er. qM~IJ~;g ·tlme abmoe J~at:ifj,i!#l \V.~'I1ru ~LS. ch'tial!l of n3lrr.,i!II~iQIl1 he. adds, 'L '!1.iIlSlil1tl bas aB(o ~ •. _ otd~ the aner pan. o~ t~~e J,fHle."h wi tt,l tbi \;-ery' 'h,mn of lromlio~ 3' W . 'Iir~ve. Inen~io.' -d hl t~ 'OOgin,,~ng. r tile p:reV~tHJs. cltr.;!~tcri _ ~l

ltoo'U also be knt)\lI'Il, '~1 at S ... ~~ is ru:n alo:fu~ 1m! l\!p.rlu" nns,

1U.~ltmit;)n in [I,is 17'~~Il]Jcr· 'for H~mmlilJm ~)a~ fol~IMN.e.d bilTnl. l~'p ,]~ rep{JrlJtng ~t th is ''II'iR,'}f . 'mtnt Qa~adab OIlS ecorcl.cd. by A~iIJ.I A\V·snall In b '

Sl,ht':e~. '

lma ru N·mawj. tL ds

o A.cl1JaUy, IlliU!,' of ~ho-se n;poi1E!Illg ff.'om QalmJ~h have rolllJ\~0d1 hrulll ~~p (Jill - ~h~s: flcmfftmad ill!! I:lte n~Uf:lia_d(}D ·~IoLi_ '~)'" .~~nl~ bOn 'H~n . {a.l and! ,Abu AW9ln~tr: and SIDi." ~OOll ~ ~;lu'adh aJil~] !l-ll~tt~I!I!. jfll llJLc [1n.1': tion ',ooord~d b)" Na.sta "u~le, i s ~o ,dm~b'!, '~het~f(ilre, lb~l, ~be $1I:d'i~i!!)n. Qi '·~!",~b;i III the hands £0 ~j ~!l,d'!' hi lU IltC'fnlc L IH,' oorrectb preserved .. and Jt iSi. nroa ·"racrdl. &S :ome have d3~med.·'

3,.. S:a,y~dun8J A bd!lJUah billilJ U marrepOlnts ~lru~l 'Illite

PWO'opllll~lt '. w~u~"d Ir.'i, ·jse his b~iIild:s ~'h D S.ii)!:tmg b·

. .., 1'~ II!· 1"11 ,(0 ..... 00 l·..iI .1 !;,.r ... .e:",". ~ •. ~;;!.t' i:I\. ill 'I ,;~., ]Rn 3m [. i m •. Wi SilL.·~ ti~, II

Ahrv~~lc;l 'b 1.'.{,'1., .;o~ ~i I~ .::; u "'II', IBnu .l .... iiI.:m~ ~,'I.l'rp~ ~.I "1.,;;1', ~,

~I!:" isnt1d J~ ,Uil1.~I"rll (YJ6).,

J91 oJ ~r'r~J:t' .q ,Co'i n(l~(m l'-(ll ..

r. Ablti y'~:'h~ . 6f:\'99~ ~D,315l. bIJ1 In . imiaiwm 5L ". Lb~l ]~S i.mad i~'S S1fll~d (3~rr~ ..

H~fitlb 'H:jJ[ilhij®ui . 8.'; :an 0 l th~l ~ri 'Ii 'ffiltOJiS are ItkQ~ '00 5~heell,

14kb, ··iH· to' r,ffl ,II d~ d It 'lb": ime LOr sayjlfmg I~he ta/dJyeer \V.bew r:~I:~rng 'nrta s.'Ujud.l93

Imd!m Nt ',1 wi s,ay~:

'T.h:i's ~ru . ti ~fI apl)M.':~I~LI'· CiOI11~Ta 'I'bits ~h3{ ~~p ~rtw 'by ,ukl Lin, ···n (~~C dlLl t1110 I'IY' of Abdu~k I~. in ": .ilUIIW ihrll til P'rriOI)n(.! t w{uJIlld nOl ~I'.J, e bill h_fLild~ whci1!I p:rostrali1ng Of \\~hen rruising tli!) head rem ,sojdo,JJ. ~t ls pessible, ho e~ er, Ito reconcile ~Ih:e two bj ~~)'il'1lg iELlat (he ~'or(b :·~bc.n IP'ros.(I~ri.lllg~ i.n, Ul(' li.anfalkm'~, BUikmii mean "when €aJHn~ ![IIto tile ~t:ctrlfld p ~m UUlI,n TMs I~Xplnrnlajliun is S'Y~ corh_~ r[)ry lltm Umn[:~ S "ether ~3i11j)ti,(n~ lin v iliim;ch 'b Sft¥: ~·The: Pro[' ~ua '~J'()1Ii,i~ nm ~·lnlH •. • :111 ls ~umds OO~ ween 'I h two 3(O't.k;I~:'~., ••. .

4. Sa:~flfidl.!lIIla Atnru Hurairah ~ sa: -s ~'I' 'bl.W 1h· '. pJrud' , ,-- - -ise 1}j' h 'n!d~"j C~(lc"' t . -. ~ ~:: hou~d r t It 'tho . iinu~'

'0f ' . giJJll in lit d 1(,I,'a'" wl ~t~ b If~ WDl.1 int!O ri.tK l'tl ,flltti -," hen :€tdll i ~g i d~ sl,l"d.'·\ s

AltQde-eth ,PIn misilzg tlt,e h.(I.uih .betw,een 1I~,e.' tw,o lJ4itialT' I"

~hri, jli'llg .~h hands 'bC(WI~0tn, the twe ~'(ljd,'J,,~~, ls vcd.f~ed in. 'Ill '~'m~ ol~ as d~crjb.:d. in: t~e hari·tult of S'uyy.idu~l', IVIalik bln al l·I~,wn)'rith .~ l1~rIDlilied. by NiI!uruil .un hi~ SUDan from Saeed bin Abi A~bnh from ~a~~,dah ,ff'O~l~, Nasr bill Aasim, (Saeed i.~ not alone in ~\iD'.rn~ing It~ is ~det:tJ.~ rn lI~JS l1!lil~,ner frlGln Qllad~b, for he has been foll'lo\'Ie(~ up by flamt1U m wllo' r J).QIftc. Ute same from Q ~1~ldH h as ~ ·¢.Owed b'Y A bu

" j~am.ilh. w~~. his S'tihe(1h. It 'is, also rnemloued :'ro ! 'e 1J'(,tl~~'ot!J' of Sar~i.d~.n& _Ib~l Abb'(lS narrated by N asai, i Jl tfl.e. h'oaeedJ. 0 Say,yid:lJ]ml \-(1]1 b n Hujr rela[ed by Abu Dawood and."1 I the f;Qt!i?,,(lth of Sal)~]clunti .Al u ~ ''tn'all', h .' tiajlF.m((~d 'y nUl ~i.3j~~~.

l~iIJm' ':!I._~! 'H''''''. . • _~IL ~ ,c:dhlll~~WJ :sa.,s.

i) ...... ,'1... ' ". ~" 1" J' JI

~ ~1!J'a .I'li nm 'fl"{ . -~i ~'fIf a 'n'~' (1; as

111~ Ifmad i s J~'(1J.'ee:h'~

. fIJ' 1":arl2itq ~l Hastni p2M.

A.hnllH:'td 61. Ig, Andl Ib:UiJ MID-j::ill'l 8f~

133

1.

"

, ....

II' -,: . Im In NI

, 31ii" 1 II 6.

'134

;3. Y W 'ya bin J\:llnJ ~ sh ql pons,'~ ~ _- hJiS: I d\ 'bil-' ' ~ the t

4.

'rro;p:h ~

- _If Die r,u IOf

nileI'll Bud when

, ; -~ ',fltlf!e,l.h (J"~ Fa'" ,In'

- - 'if

'.' __ , 01'1.

I, •

" ports II.hat \1'he~1) t ~I-I' P'~Op~D, I :r.ar.d I ,r&~,l"" ill,' \ 0 U!ld sa' Ihr '

,.

J 3,,5

I!h' roll '-~.. . 11" m difficuh. to '·CC., ''llbec~ u~· of I~h '. lear nm'f!r JllQ,Q

of "'lwei ' qj.dahs~, '~nhC'nni)' -t the' oUowiillg fta'n~ioNI ,-1so:spe ~ or mi:d ng I~ll~ hands, t I the b . i nnin _ 0 .. ' \te·.!)' r(J~ ~lolj'.

'13

4 ..

Ibn ~m Q~ m')y~, Ih ' ILIn oft i:t d ~t ~h- I ; hming o. c ~ . oG~md. ~'~1k 'lQ.h is ·~tlflbUsb&~ by the II ,~dt!,elh of' ~11~m ... sbb I-' ~ nd

:in. nil Hu"'uyrU;h 'i

I.

122.

he .,., ~ s ,also men'Lioned· iI11e htNI ' d' ,of Sa: yid.11.II _a ,bu

Hum id 1 S ~ ~e _ I't'· d' ~ r ~'hi. Abu D y.;' 'd ,a -, ~b

~1a;jlh. w~ lb;m ,- ,jl'IZ~imn~ ~t1i,y~~ "h _ is srlu~i'al~, ," l~en tn(H~ghl~'l'fie, Ill! ~l not h~ '_C i -[I i - ,ed h .. bccaas _ 'Ill, i.£na ,,. is sah - h. ~

, hrut ,(!,tll' tU\~ l'i{j~~il'lg' tl~:-' lUlnd's uJith ,e'll ,r,' ta'lch'eer in $,'4la'1. I : n ' , f )'} '1- I, ~d~e;s., jp 11., chd" 61 ~(n' Qid:

~/\,Im.mll I res lh~Lllmrnlll ... \~nm w, s asked 8,b(UliI Ibe ~Ifl, lOF

tilt" ~nmds. l-]' ,p! ied • I In c:ve f)' dcsc,el~[ _' nl 'I i t~,g I .' A~I~~.;JJI11;)~ a I ~ 0 ~;cl • .;. W' t\ 'W~II' Um{lnl' - - (til ,,' ,iUa h. lid 10" ,f)

~lfI :.11 c- riJ'liing oL alii.,,' r

n· ml_ ' lha~ ilL , - 'til ell'l -l"}i' ~akb ' ,..

nJldh

~ _ In i') n . _ . 11-1: lJl~d!.lI· til .FmrtJlcl 1I12.

13919.

Raj in ilie hunrJs in ='\ 11' ioktr 0, d~ing 11d d- cc ~Hn ' l£t, ,

l~rih.'lnD.l L mar,

,hudri. Sa,y) i lu I ~ I-I~ Abbtl~, ~Il.d

uf fjltih. 1~:1 (t:n. ," i I, 'u Iud ufkr I ~ "~l _fll mg of • thim nJ ' a.Jr.

~ h[ ~h _ - sinnin,s: - ",t!b m1t :~)"

~I. '. fI~r I, ~ViilTll;; rni~ed .h-a ~'-B~ d" ~ r n -in .' iroro I~ '~~k '~j,

1 ,I'

·1 fie - ns 'I ' iJ)yjdtt _bd ~]h in, 1ft r"", _ im, -r elL

Iil,nt raise ~nli, '~'l:a'fitds ,O~ has ~Ci1 quo ~i0d wirh a :$'llu!:{d~ ':aI~(uJ

• I:II~

c 11..:f

-'I':' .r U'c~;I'; i M'l 01 2" <if.

4,1 H ~ I1Q ~l O'lilflli~ rCh_, Ler~

• Tl~i,s. ha:t/eel'A, WdS nOl Hi led 1J~1li11 by IU Ell!fly [0 the p -' ',k' af

'ciUlOO - -, jt of u- -" un _ hi Iii _ r ,dlllrin' , rfae' r1m _ r

nnam M!nUk iiutd "(Ill' I:his f\caso.n J -- Im'ri llik (who ba, d m~.: t if ~ot an 0_ i~is, d _cisiolt' 011 I,he '~,-:_J:~lu.g~- Jl)l-cHce 1[l_KI f1l;'ll"I-awio~', of - aJ)') idunhLllllJl1!ab bin ,'m t nd Or e pco.p~e ()' "Id~rn'a ~I) .lid

,RO~ adept "t.

.' be' me one htrtJ~th lot SIll1), iiiiluni J\'bduUillI b II h'

been - -! - red :'in , ~ lea I -,i -,~ diffefCI1t Wf:fiJ'i: _ by 'j, nn ,,][0 liS E Ih l~ais,1 ng of Ifhe hOiI.ld:s in Itlhls l~adW!llh hi been _' IlOf[ed r~m the rol'lowillg varia ~'l ~ny ..

L I ~I o,[I,ly one I lace If ;~a,l(Jh ~ ,IU 'I h ' ti ~ml'~ f m~lt: '1.1- t ,t(l:/{/M 'f -1 ed Iroom. ~'m~l!Il '_ D~nt tn {,I, rf,tdtl "i(Jl,'1al.l al ~~rbni~- I

.2, I m [\ 0 p~[~c·, on],,; ,le beg:il n:lll~g of • l,fa/; trllFa.d '~:\ -·,e.tl! bowing down ,I n~(J TU ~~ JlO

s. Jn feu plao_.. = '~he ll-~ve rl)l;/> Rml 3:S I~t~he' iDlAio, ()' d1C

r"()unJ~, Fak 'U/,.,4'l:J

6. I'll [ vel)' rise and deseeer ,I s(d~/ll> hH;:]uding '~very ,'uk '~'~,.

[- 'ljIUl~ ,t iIltU I and iii 11& 'I tJ ~ .' t, '.' n [11 _. l 0 sujlld. ~

}./ll

Ina. narrarors have alsn dilffered in tbelr ral and w'a'q{ of this II(JJd;-,e,~J! of S'ayyiduna ~\bdl1Uh bin , 'I ~'U" ,.... l,,'Y~h bin Sa d, 'bra .J Uf.,llyj and I\rJl:a llk all Il1tU-1l':ate ill Jronl "',' ,afi" 'Who HlSC:f.i.b~' i'~ on'ly to S[lyyidutJla AbdullaJlm !bin Ua,n~", :h], ,8, ;n~j~i~q~if form. Aibdul A"a]aa narc-rate;, it '~~~n1 VbaidtlH~b fro!lilil! N~fi" ~~ll ,~I :nuuf~~ form, however U baidullah' s. hl~O o the rn" studems Abdul \"I,ahh,i]b al Thaqaf and N(u ~ '~ru1lfir botill n~rl;~'te it from him from N arl, lim ~ IjlCnlJt'q~if fOFJn~ ase fibillg ]~ 'IDa S:ayyicllmn Abdu'~~~h bim1l UmH[" ., 1lC! I~O' the ['1:0' het

" '3,81hn and N.tIl'f~i 'vibo both djreC'Uy' il,'elalle 'the ll-ud':clJr from

S,ayy~dtlm\a, Abdullalh bin i mar .', n]'so di'ffci in 1U1r.~~dng :iJI ,~IS m(l~:ft~ 0( mlns¥J"rJ JM'J.eeth~

As explalned eerller the di,f_'~,(;e in the 'a;scriptEon of this hncloot~l to eitJ1.le:r ~'he. practiee of SaY'Jli dunn Abdu U~ b fbi 11 Un18J' ',Oll d imct'~)' to the ~ ~ol).lm~t , and the diffcl~lnce jill i"$ :_"Q djng has, l'd I'"li"ll'l Y lneluding the • rulaf;"~ and M,~jnki ul:am,a to jot aC:l all h, ttl all, jtlS;t c. S 111 man , . ,hmoo bb~1 H~nba1 d~d not adopt lhe l' etice o,l' n~,i-sing lhe hands ill~ t~%e begimling of the Ihi'ro I['ak~fth. and in bet'\'lcea~ the two pro $t[;,~(io.m1S "

Ibn Ra h"illil 5~yS~

"unanl Al~mil·~ '\ lL' " k!!;' I, ~~Sho~ld n"" raise tile ]~oods after

M~mdin i up in lh (iti m~"til,~, IiDd between [I) IWO :5£l}dohs, U ~]c re:p 1 ifrl , "I do (.'itot roUmI,J' tbe hndee:ri.r of Sarm rom his f»ther (llm lJnb;]t· '. nor Ilh~ l~(ult:, th or \\f'imll bin H~.lim; '~ OOt:n~~1}(: ~lS. 'w@rd'iog diner$/~~

1Il !he' P, it10D I , .. ' 01 e ,~da'lllQ. I,

h Ilr3.CUCe of lrais~,ng, t~ 31 ds 'i, ' (lm-a:ye' has hen 'q uotcd rom a numb r of S(lh(Jb,~h i',·. However ~ 'l · ,~gm' i fic:8Jllt to aete lluu til. oppo:;;'i' e practice of llUiiJt t! i sing the 'hand's has also been reported rom e\"tr,)1 one of these 1i::(rJilrrnmions with ~he ~~c~pli©n .of Abdulla '~I bin ~~as,'(ld .:$,; :rfiOJn whom there i~, on]y one ~lUO:tcd vie.w and p.~t"":dce: th~u Q'f' ]lO[ ,isj ng ~he I~uftds e'x,ce.pl ill ~he be,gin[l i,ng.

142

D, ring lhe time off the SaJ~abah. Tabi un and "lob' 1- abhzel'l both pmct]c,e s '~ el': ;aciOI)1edi by the pe ~e o,'f an ci Uie:; with the exce 'f;ol~ of Kuf-ah, whore v,irtuaUy ~LU the it1hlbi'l~IDt>, did n,oi[ raise lheijfl;n~U'itd:s~ b appears, l.rut~, even :in ,~l,ii!ldi nsh, the COiUUlOD. (:UI5'~o;m, was not to raise the hailru ds bec£il!IJ se J III £Ii m M~"llk ba'oo ~~ i Iii '''i,e'w on tid r practice,

l1Juam M~"II' k

lntlm ,M',alik is, 0 rhe ~deYif 'Ilitllt it ~:s' desirable tOI raise til ' hands oJdy,in the, beginLf ,~of ,J;alaJI. This is U~\Il al Q,a.s:im's uarration frum ImiuTI Mi:1Uk !JLnd ls ~h hO$eJ pr':lcli - o~ lile _ ['dUd SCbO~~l;I"S. mm, ~n, ','-~"Ii'k saysl .:~ do not know of ~'Ilisrung the hands hI an J'akbeer m :s:al"/!,, neuher wll i st ['i,Sing ~l' bow:irn,G except in U'l:i? begimThi~B when he shoum(!: I,aise his l1l1Jl ds smi~ghti y,,,426 Imam N u Wal~] wr~[~s in tilt:: commenrar of Siili1ceh J1\-111 lim 'Irnsm Abu ~iafllifah· 11[5 compai Ions it nd _ S1"OU, Of 't: . peopl of' K\cCah s~y I hat it is nO~ leslrable to ral e the tmn,d" m .J(ilah other [J1IRU ~he:· limrne of the Fi:rsi[ :takb-.ee r, hi.' i::. also the mo~~t famous [uljdon of' marn Malik.' H~n al Qasim also s.ySj' 'RaisJ'nlg thu ]ltllld W~S", flk ln tw'te viw of M'~IUk'};JC~pl in the be.girumrning or sah:ilh. ~i

H,t1f~dh. Ibn Hajar !I~ Asqala.n~ h ,c,~tcgarica]I"j' 1JtJ'~,ed. t.htd. U1,~ basis of. rulings and /a"Dw'10 accordi:~~..1 I~n the M~,d]ki, Il,l'oma i ' not u\I'hal[

mam M'ali'lt h ; nlcwuIQ_':e-d ji~~1 11\.. til' lv,f~t,l'(Jlla: ':1' wh I rb~ ,aJ Q~smm naJrlfates (ronl Irna 11 ',dCJ:~ m k, reger 'I~ess, (If "_ ~iLelher r his itg'lI'ees witIh I ~a:t o~nrt~i ned in ,rj'J i\1,~~ .'~'M 0.1 no[. H~' wdh also sayf'ii. Ithal a, eertai n SGllOhl'~' from the r~/~'gl~i 1~/b 11,~s, (iGt-l1llPi,rnel'd. ,a, book, Us[i ~~\I those m,a,ro,(Iil in which ~l.e Malik is have acted eont rar:r to' W~8;1, has been narrated ~~11 nil M,uw" '!ta,; ~ucll _ G ~ _ :i l~g t[lc ham.! ,',-!, 'hen ' . "W] ! lneo ruk 'ttl tIi~~ l rising H1erefj'oll1 2:8

~ott t'laLbl,g t 0 Imn~I,> excep ~ in the be glnni ng of '~r/a" w ~ 'S the 'k1mLll)\~~;~ p['fre!~lce o.f S~yy~,duna, Abu 8akr! ,Sa)~yidLUla Um:~r, Stru,yy'~d;ulfl:i1 ,AU and S~yyii~l~ma, ,A'bdu[~:tlh bin Ma"l'[d as well as m~ny others fnln1

&-j «I, 't.l, !;\'\ni,~ II ,t::fI,lln"t~ ,) f 1,6-:5. ~, al Mu,{lm':."l'I:~tmfth ,&1 Kui.J'n~ UI6S.

m Hafi:dth ~ M~jnr ~im, hi· [n~i'mhJC1li i~ It,!:) taJfe,~ I~d /l1mf'I(;$~. p4.,

amongst the learned S'(11llilmi ". as mentioned !by Tirlln'd'M abo"l.I'&, It 'ha . also been reported [rom S~l)ry 'duna :E 'n Umliaf' :md oi~h~rs, flrO'Jll

mOllgtl, '~.~]t r(1'bij~m: it was Ure kf1l0WII!l pmc'f,i[c~ O'r th" ·,.Oimp-a. ,LOllS !lr S,aY:r~,dun~ Ali, and Sayy'duna loB. ,', as'ud As ~~,ad b~n Yszeed, A]qar lO.h bin Qa:i~, [bOlhh:fill s' ,~;'·,~~~bai l(h~EI~mr.ulh, Qlc is btn Abi .~~:z.;m, A~tlYrir~] S~ ~:abi~~19 Abu ls,h~1Jq ttl Sabiee, 'W,akee\ Aasirn bin, KJ!lJl~ib vi rtu:El!1'ly tIlllil o~ the f~qah(1J~' and peop~e oj Kllflh JIjll(!d llii1llny ~1l'iL ether ci)~w,e-s, It], ~1S'~, llhe V'~cw and liJrru:tice ,of ",., ugh~mh! Hualr~l 'b,~iII[ SaJ~Bl, S~l yan 3J1, Thawrj~ Hasan bin Ha,),)", Wa1kee~ ~slmla~l bin A.bi Israeel, Imam Abu 'Kn'nfufah~ TJma,m Malik, Jmam Abu Ylllsuf~ Imam M.~~Lbtu:lllm=rtd, and ',h~i'f foMower' ~.;.

~~, F " Il~ ~!L~nll_q,io;~' ,~~ .. c bin, tlw pn l~~~ of I . ,~~O'\;, l~btru'rI t'C o~ ~\lu . me' if'O': ]bn. Abi SDruool~ 24#-24S4i"

Sec cmu!l~,e; 6, ill Pl1l!it l1hRiG fur ,a dt~rul~d di$C~s*~a~~ of ~hi~ l\Q,P~·

Ch,a ~"ter 7'

Leaving the ~::.~d~ hangl I~ aI[ the !1i~~~e 'after ruk: "u ha.1 alwa,}tS, been the ~tr" c1:~[c:e 0 dl, [~ntjlw, ummsh. "1,C m ~hod of' fas[enivg 1 .e, 'hand at nus Ilnte as adop~··d 'by. eer ain people bas not been mel1r.i,(I~,e.d. in ,any lia.deeth. II~Of b~s i:t 'beef q~lOted as. the pmt;~i,ce 'Of any of d~e earller gemw'lI'ati~on of SQhilbal~ ~ '~r:abi" ~a~ 'amd 1 'ab" T:o.'bie,(!'.... r_~ some h4, ,ve claimed today" 'the f,a~lerting of' the bands ~ft.et n~k 'l" (;~~-. b~ [[mimed:i;arely under,oood from ~ n~lmber of .!!iYllu2'-eh aJ~tftJee~1rt, EW'~\Il~ :Si" [;ely ~~I~~s wowi[\~.l never have escaped 'lire: u.Sdma ,of the past, 'V~ observe, 1~;D.we\i''U- ~~at; none cf the M~~/M(}dtlh"m illn d seholars of ~llh'! dt'.. c nr J'wdll(t,I~'lb of fiqh have m,~m]tiol1~ h as being: piJ!J1 '. f I~(j'lall' or

even a desirable. act I,et alone mt bei ng a "f,~m'l€.lh, . .

_ Son'ni~ ;)r_g,lLle [irnll smee fasoolling the h~tnds is "ll,mah dudng (liyam be[oO~ th "". l'l:lf{, JUt it mlt~t be t'~'h; same fur the peri.od of :stamdiing (; fte'F ~'~,k 'I,'~'; Thi , ]to\Ife\ler! ~ s ,au w~co[recl~ ,a1i'Hl'lo,g:!r-1' because the ~ n~.OOfll1bl' , .of (h.e hands iis. for U~e d:UJn~Jlion 011 the (Jj~)~('l,~~r '~hich ferms an inle,gr~1 ,~, or tQI'Jl~ a l·d in 'W~~iiiJ] a penon [~OnAa! I,), recites [be ·QW'~~'L The I]~er~od ,o.f st~ndi 11 ~rter. l~lik !'!~ ud, ib~f'Om s.uj,ud is not e.V~11 referred to as tl'l:' 'It~' ~U,l q~'\ 't-nail'. P "tridaOJ"5 al,qiyunl ba'd ( l ntkll;~ \ or ~t.!l' reI( oo"'d a.l ruk 'u/ A c:IQC ~tliidy 01, the- oI1'fla,(J'"tJa. f sala'lI' wfiJI n~N al r~ut When the 'word qi)ul1i. Js mentioaed by jlse.~f it nlwnys refers Ito ~ffiu! q.iyam before '~ukc Jl~' but when rhe standing : Jler '{1{k ill ~md before' ~,ujfl4 h:: 1l:Ufl:'elllt~oned l~ ,i~ ~e:. er de;sc.ruood as 'the (j,r)'I(1¥U' 'lnR a ri'i/rlool" oU' 'the UL.i sl ttg cif the Ila:c~d, I([.e:r ru,k. :r.,~~' or sornera i ng similar, . ::_',lj,<I'ell if 'IJU'=

~riI' ~i}\a,.,~ or 0; o.~1llcthi~g of Eh~ same root is WiS cd ru[ :i ~ ~mWill,)lS done so 1'0. ,C.OIDD.UiITtCUOtn WdfJ"ll ,llBlother w,olid or ffe ... v '\:r'Ords m show IJ1~t .it rerer5 w the s'ta~di'llg ,'tfter .ruk "'Iflo a:~d l1I:ot ~'O '~btn before u,

None of 'I he SaJ,tJj;'llh 'e have ever [U6 tioned d]e fa:ste!lliing 'of the hlndls a:{t1~1 n~k ~r' i n '~]toir,~ lions de:spi te being so wrli(:uiar amJJ (rlige:nt in their JCIDe:8CJ']p~~@n of ~1].:e ,PDropht.et~ S, prayer ' ,,~ ,all d in t(L]['1], dl.i s

has never been qjUoled from the Sahal)-uJJ' r:a~i i~.iII: or Tab J 1'~'hi'e,eN,. In fac~'; it is reported a-'o'lln SayyiduAI Ali. ~ . ~s 'pm, of a lO~i,er Itadeerh [If), .t!

"'fte!n he wo-Ildd ibnd up "ti([i" pIF,a,e.r.' and H, 'i'e mRDeer he. : hId. ,,'lace Ilis ri, ' '£.Ila:ftld on his leti ~r,lsL De '~lfo.uld Ffa3iin b ."'~ U.is .' -II!, 'he b~lwed do~q, into fillku, (wdess &e ,scr-lil~hed, h~fItl.,:tdf or dF,~rl~!ttdtd his e:folbes:)~ '~4.tl

SORle c']w m I[h rt this. pmJQ11ce 'of 'fa' ~eJ:a i ng 'the, bawJs alter nlk~; ] " ~.se.d on ~h~ ~llInc,ww~g, '~or.-ds wlti,ch ar-e part of a ~ong ,~~(uJg,€"ll reported ;1''1 S,ayyiduna Abu Humald a] Saidee ,-" and, raise your 'head ruanc'B th ')On s relurn to tLteirjo' l~S.'j·1l'~ Ttai's., hewever, is Dill i!BOODeCE bm~itprellrl:~lD~ll Q,f he; P\ropb~ti.(: wuro s, 'TIds, and. (f~h,er ,s~pwUar expressions ]]] the aJ!adee.#'t SiJil1Jp:ly - C~! that one hould stand ,and S.i.l u _pr,i,ghilt aft r r:uk'~,r~ and ~j(I{IJ,I' and rema,in modol'll', s '~~r a , ,oment ~nsuriqg 'tba[ the; .spi[t~ is s '_ , ~ght by ,3i,II~owing ,evellY 'vl~rre'bl!'a to mfmrm

t :'""" ·<], ....... IIi, 1 h . , ,.,a" 'd'"' "'I' :L"...iI' ,.' "L -, - - ~" rJ~" -.-'1 ..-a c,t. ' -!'

<0 ]I~~ p",""""'. ' , e W-mIU S iIJSe: : 11:1 tne ;!'I,Oae,iS',tn are ,~I'iI.!Jlt.J. 3ff'llllJ!. ,aqaar .

, dl~m simpli, mean ' : one but Jaqaar defiltes mlis as '., •. ,inl, th bones ~)t (he: back" lliu~, ,rettebrae as e'Kplain~d by Httfidh Ibn Hajar in b is Fqll~ QJ BlI.~,~4n illiilld also by IQ~db~ l,a.d~l ! II ~lI[is MtJ.tiu'ai'iq a~J Itllmr.aat,,,434

til )b.n AJbih~IOOb .39«1 and !Baih~i 2313.3 •

. ''': Iluk.hi'lri '9"'~ ~,bn .,.~-wj~ ~63, A'bu D w,ood '3'S. Tirmidhl !JlQ4, 0] 'm,h ltd Ban 213'91.,

Di AI1M1M, ,Ix]u! Hayy'- Lu~tim.arllilii In ,al S:m}yjJJJ 21192 quotio, froml Qa1([hi Iy~dhts "4 ,Mnf tll AIJ.· GlQ,r.

Chap'te'18

PJa,cing' tblC' knees befoR the ,b,8J12ds in "uiud~

Pla~in,~. the: ~1res be-IQre the hand_s ' ~~l\en desceud~JIiBJg fOr ,"iujUrI has ~e:n ~lIDo "lew ,and praetlce of the .a.Jorh,~ of ·th~ ',;n,i'I~f~/l. UnfO~Ul~~8:~Jy ~OIlJB iDSl,st m~b t ~h~s practice is, contrl3irY to th' sU~i!'n~'h ,tln~" U:u~t tI~c.;u.' ;-:~e~~_ ~'~' prac~g the hends before U ,0, brees :US 1(1 e ,urdy CQrr:c:l, ;~hLd V'aIld irnctJlod", He:re we first present tho,fje ll'hade.'ef'lr tJbJax

Ifj,~,~ '~e:1l ~ldQ,pme-d by th,~ m~ori~y of 'the sclu.dmr-s ~o,UOl~I~d, ~J 'lbOSiC m~dhQ?S rhar are ofren CJ.iLI'c~:ed as e\",iilence, for placing, 'the btand,s . ,-fore " t bees, ~oge.ther c: ~.' i the I1ele_ .tint ,e)(p1fmt'UiQ;n~ ,.'(lel a ~wers.

w " S3ly-y[d,'IlI~J~' W'ad bin :fluj;r, ' 'S,~J.Y.SI ~lJ. safW the "'r(l'}li1e . : place_Js; knee : (OJ) tke , -Tnd) . eJalie:- ,b~, ~l when lilli' woul p-ostr,aie '_ nd 6: _ up 16 - 'ands bef~lr:-e, :h,"s: - nee.s 'W]];e'D rislil!lig.. ~ ~3~

Imaul,.aJtt3lbL-' Int~.-n T]bi~ bn at .M~lfldlli.l:'~'31~ ,a'Qd 'Itt rn Ibn rSilY.Y:i~ ,~lI ,: aas ,3!.I, Ya ~ [UU['1j have ~I, ded ared ~ !leabo·we "u.ui~eJ/I of ';ij,yY'id~lfl i 'WI ~J] b nHlJjr :. ~O' be more' ,establ ~slted and aJll~h :Iui,c 'than. tile h,adeeth of SaJ'ylduna Ab~ HUi"a~['~th, 4 >(q~o,ted IJe.;~OW'1 on- th~ :. _~~ $ub~ect. Ibn ,I] Mll~dhiir s,ay.s in al. J-t"~.f.:(n~ . The liade,e#; lof A·b,~ Wail. ' ~s more >0stabl]sl~ed ai;d h is our ~tew' (to place 'lhe knees,

before. ~he hends), ~ -

lli47

S:Q~ te have cwm,ed 'l:iuu ~his hadeef.h ~s. "mTha,utben!1ie aoo .~ ave Hied ~,Q' wtaken it on ~he bas~8 of Sba]eek;, one. of :ills m'b atT~'t~O:rs. Tln~ ho~!~ver caOl~o~ be ICce:pted beeaese fhe perno._ tlWiradng :fro.m Sha~r.ek is Y,a,z,eed b~1IiI1 H~U'om'l ,and, hie is one [of those people who 1i'6p ,- ¢d h.ad th from Share~~ik before his ,,~;e;mQry suffered. Therefo:ml[ his nmrratio:n;s :fro.m. SUlfeek :rur~ kt!h~e~.

'i1i"b "0':::1... ........ , :ff b," • i' - K",i" ,iii. 1 "PI--;!"ti -'1.4-38

~ en ,I';Uu~i1 .:a,_-.s. '.It l.ilJm til I I 5 l:r'(tn'~' tu Hltq,~!fJ,-

!'Towa[-(is 'his Jan he wOll.'1d ClJF( ln '~Iba~, Iil~ tUlfmt~~~ his !l'ilei'n1J.{'I1J."f suJfe:red (clilaf~&ed), ']bJ;l:reforf'lji there D8 iJ;1tJi ·NIkJ~le'et (f;(i1iif1:tSaO:Iil) lin tliue; OO9ol1S (to'f ~hoe, .. ' ,1TaitO['S w.ho he« . JfQ,d"z-e.fhr frol1lli1 ~lil,iO ; n WI _ il such a! ',B121@.ccl hiD Baronn Ul~ bhMJ al .A!lr:&q. tbe 'lfqxtri$< of mll e l&~~r narriUo:rS ~~~ID b,e~ l~Q~~J.'i Cronl ~]m in Kl1fhll ~(!Inta:iJl. tL1JiM'iY' e1TQ;rs,'

The same ltalllJ'et~' of Sa~yk1~nu~, W,ail, bin Hujr ... also has 'Othel enaius wb ich do. ]lO:[ contain Si~a'ree'k. IF'or I~Junple, lilUll~mll Abu HmIDl[ah reponill(g, from Aastm '" n Kllbdb fro" - hi $ ,3~hB'r r~o:m S a,yy~dU[iiJJa W lIU bin ,_r. JllJI' .'/j)9 fJ~ulunam !I1WT1ti:(iI,g fro I, Sh"1_qeetJ, from ,AasiliU from his fat11Jet KlJlai ' as a TIm 'sal.lladeeth,'4i40 Ha nmam r.-ep~IFIll'illG '~"Ijom M1llIh;~i![mnad, 'b~n Juhada!J~, from A.bd.IflJI~ JQibbat: ·fr.om - is

, -. " - 'Ii... ~, '1'~" 441 "" "!II .lII b'" 1::r .. ,...... :i'fli

father Sa:YJl~dunfll W,a'i.l 'u]ft 1'lJ, I" .$~, na ';i az:ee'll .1'11 ~ ~~UOJ:I

nmillhmrg, 'from Israeel billir YUfUJ' from Aasim hi. 1 Kulaib ffl'(lm his f~ther from :Sa.y"L,' una 'Wail bin Hujt .,- .~~~ It also· nft.<i, Sl~awla'hw' ,( suppWI:I r1Jg WiI;amt]Om~) sl1c'h as the fhl k[~'W1~nl!l ,ahaaeel.h:

2. S:IYridu.n~, Ana ,say. 'm' , ._~,y tJI;i, Pr'Ol_~'Jhi -~.' ; ',Y 'ir,b-

talb~,eif :Iud 'phu~e: his di1lJmb.s diose to IllES, ~a'I'S.. He bm-wed. d!I)I~'n 'in~o ,tuk"'~ll 'uJd:i I 'Ieb ,or :his ,j(Di"'nts

ll3~ K,~r.ub a~' 11~~'qaJ' ~4 h~. 15m;

~J9 Ilft'lrnt Ahu Hi'i~~ifa1~ M ,qM01:Cid, in t« 1Ii' ~I M.Q'SOI1(!'t.(_~ l/413. '!!-10 Bal~haJljli 26,111

~'i Abu D._wood 831, anti BflI.mitqu 2629,.

401~, Ibn 'fIiDD ~ as quo~d, by H~fidh 'HJliJ:\l~f:IJ u ; i:1 Jj.f:~·(,!'!'id' 'mil'm~aa.f,t 481.

b~C;!l!Ul e 'Ull,OUiJ)\lliI)ess, :alllld thea iil!escen:de.dl (:l.rruto sl,~j:£tflJ' lvith fJb,e: taki8,er~, ]iis knees "lent b.f.i:~IlJlf\e hrii{; :tIlSlmidJS;111 ,143

4. S.a;YJidiln~ AIYUD '-. hlcair,rut reports thf:tr 'tl e Pro lb. ~

s.aid, ··W·i1e'lmJ one o-f ,caD ,f~n~ illh:r\v~~, ~:mro b'UJda",' ,h~ shtntdd begirD ., ,~th ,his :knees [before t, is, .1911411.5 aDd he .s1urubll not 5C~Rd, hf~ 'I~-'e nUUl wlf:- c~ulel. j, +1-

8. Sayyidurm, s,~: d bi I~ At."" \V Iqq'~ . ,S ys~ · W·· us~d to :pla!cc 0 _r ,Iar ' ... s, bcto:n our . JJrl:ees~ . t1lien .J' were il1\Stll"l!IC~'ed b)l p:na,{;G ollitt knees h~fC flint 111Iiuuj)[s. ,oM']I

, . he same has been reported 'a/b01] [ Sayyi,dun ~Umru:' ~ by A[\q~_' . at1449 ~nd Ibrahim al Nilllai. 4~~

~~ H I!.,~- 1i:l'2') pM tmi' 'L • 2~"2 - .

. ilJ!ilirrnJ.g z 8fiu [Diilh!iaql l)..;!i2. 'akiU[JJ classil1ed i~ \aJ~-. @]ld IDh:aimbll a,wriired wilh

Blhitl. lIofidh mba ,3iJj Huntam qUJo~)es Jr J~ ~ ~a.wzi in, ,f:iut! 111 Q ~ I <;'j.' Ins, . !fil~S

tl~a't " 'II Qf 'f' $ I!larmlm ~~ !iilUb~llik.

~ [lbn H-lb~H as quoted by llafidb HiJ_;ilhami in klaw:m!'ld III Dh~m~~fm 491.

~311m ,A~m ,Sllilb~ a, 2,1o.2~ J\b-iliJ Ya~I;l. H/'1l14 M 6S4\). "r..m,w~ 1.l2S5 ~~d ,8 -h3,(~i

~~ -

,1<1.6 .!.L. D' _..I, ']' t.,J! - II"~ __ ..i' 1:1, 'Il., ,j "),;(~"lj~

.i;"UJbJ \LIJ,WO,i\u:' .• J.~,asm , u:ro lililIlLl!lJ D[ii~lrl;.j.qrt""'V..IV!

'i.:l,l 'Ik..., 1l!'"'1I. '_II!.. i;),o'j . ~. - .

~UoLII N~lJliau;nllllm Im;,,:.. ant'l S:~rlhaq,1 26317'" ~:-r." '1:di~ b.~11 'l:J'(iw" s.ay., lin J~,mh ,a/ B .1'~

2lj"11, lh~tt 'two-,of i~ ri. mlor$ ,~re we4~k.

4;1 ~oo Abi Siitaiba'irn 2704"

~!Jo l ahiilW'] 11,2:56. J'maJ:1l1 Nim31wi My . Ib.i:u: i~£ is!' ad Is Nm rtth (4-32). .-~ Abdu'~ R~~C{I 2$lIS~;

8;. ,~l~ly,y]d.u~a,~, I'akoo.nl 'bill, . ]t~nl' . says, il'pledp~" ,to the PFophett 0, ibb8lt I would ~HfaH do:Wl1iid~end ~Mu,t ",bUsrt ibeju;g: upriight. j ~$:I

dts~md, f. s.DjUil 'Uleir kll~ would '!ian 'bl' tIle gfOWlid bl~IlR: tkeil' 1l1Ja:nd's., 4S7

1 S~ Mahdi b~1 'Mai luoon ia.y.S~, ~I' ww Ibn ieeRen P~BOO litEs kue-s 'bdtreJ hi' han'~s.,-'~~s.

91• AbduU altl 1ffl~~L't~~ that lHi!hen his :[:~dhe:l'" (Muslim 'b~lIiI, Y;asa~fI} '~~Id ~Astrajle hiLs k~ilM~ \veillllld rfilllJ 'kil the gntlillUuJ fDD,O'Wed'y h.:is :h~nds, ;filtld ·fhm.1Itis !bead" 4!j\~

II(l ;bnh~m II Nakhai g~:ys, "It has b"~. remembt!J:'!ed O'r Dl(l} MM,~ltul ,~, thai: It lis kflifts: wotilild fJIIlll b1 file Inrll~Ld Ibef'w:n :hi~'5 bin ds, ~~~

~2. K~dZ11b :n(llrI:ait~~ thg,t \~,'e~ '~h, P,f'~':~e't ~ would p:NWS'tl!',9,t~ h~:s 1k;1ii~~ wop~)dI f:dl'if,o ·tbe grnllllnd befolf;'e hIs hi9I1l~15. ~. 6

. -

The e:x~ra 'wordimllg ~(f' ,i:Ue s:b.o~hl fDt. .place hls h~Rds amId thenhis :~mIDees!~ h~~ ,only been ~UUl"~l\OO by ,Abdul A:dz IbwliI MtI~~mmudJ ttl :D\arnw,ard~., (,Soo IlaJ:i pl~dtjou in lUlifle,et/~ b~b.')w.J ''I'be others l:\l']IG re:~ar£·e. d'tris, lit~dft'j:th h~ve. not itlc]uded ~]}ese we,ms ,i n i~dJr D8Jtr,adoos, bllJt lliIDa:v,e Si~'QjlP'~Y rernxaned me ~bJ1Qwiwg:= ,Abq H~.r.air~:h ~_- ~epQrl~ ~~~t t]tu~ lPlro,phe.i .fisahljl 'Wllru;~D ()Ille of YII)U, f~Us down '.1. &qjnil d.s 'h~ ~.,.elit; "0- "h- -@matn--er- o:F'a eamel~'~'~~

~.1 gI'!!!I' I~ , ... _ . Qi __ - - - _. - ._

:- L M(ugne-emh StA.y~~ ~I ~*e-d f"J.i'~h;m (~I N,IJIlWJf;d) ,abo1lillt a. lfgafmJ w'h~1 'pla!cte's 'bis ltlllds before' hu knees w'b~p, raUiiwg dll'WD, i1lJ~III' 'S'lI},ulJ'., He re,p'~~t;d; 'IOmly a fjom, '0::';' ,mndJli1;an W!O~ld do, ~t ,~~!

:W.4,. ,Abu lsbiul (elates l~_at wn.;t'iil U1t~ c_l1pa ~i~lJilt$ ,~l SlfJ'l1~du'~D Abdlill~ 3h (b)ll MH'OMI?)' ~ 'wouW

Ibn aJ~ QaY,yim. lIas also claimed rull ZQd at .Ma~~l ~J]~u WOt~d;s ro., n~e A'l11!t'e:elli: .of Am'll HI~~I'.n _ .lIMl'ljfIe: been ~~11i:6iillJ~M by one of' 'lbe in)am~OJS,. 1ihe hadtre.ri: ~hOtlld, tti1l.d ~'He should first phtce :hu~ k!llices and th~ICli ~~.b~ hands, ~'! but th is 1;);f1J8 been c~~r:u.s.ed t,o ! iRle 8h~ukl. :fl1 rst plttoe h~:!S, ~md:s and.then his: knees', 'Thl'S (;onf~s~oJilj 'of WO'.OOJ8 is also IPI-(ii'\UImJ Ib,' til~e :f]rst ~rt ,of t~l e l~~d~'(}t,t! wh icb :S~,YI j He should not kneel as the camel kneels.' n rns weI known nl,['lit the- camel kneels b~ [ptadll.g ffi~~ for-eJegiSl before ~~ bind ~els.

;pj] A;Jln~~~ 14118· nn<rl N~!ru~ 1 Q®4"

4t,'ij Abdul, R:~z.~. ~9', 8 3Jldllbo Abi $~)~~~J. 270'6.

~) TUi~.i' ~,~~st;\, ,Mii.a_~il_ddith nh~fM' A.lrulrnat!: Urlil'mOiii sa)'$, ;1lil5 ~b_.t Jnl is{j;fi~' ~!S, $(lht,~.

49 Ail:iIthd .Rszz:iq 1~56 &. 2951.1' ~blill ,A.~d 8ha[n:m. l7{W1'!, and Thb~w~ 'IA5~i Mjlb~ddith Dh~l31.;I\hrm\d, UUturn3iJ:1ii n.:)ij£ 3i'l5 'Ilnil/t, hs ,Dm"iltO-Nl _. il'Utherlili~,

·w B~hrllt.La JiJ3'o. 1'his 1I.mkt~#f, ,i~ Imfl\r,ffiJ.

.~ Um A.bl S~~ru~!l-i "~'i!1((1i.~.;

~1 ,Ibn A'lu, Sl'l;~;Jb,aJI 21'1 ~ , ~ Ibn .AM. Shcm~ba:b 11~J9~

~ AihrnMi ~l'31, DMimi :1 32'!i , A!~u ID~<t-o«l14Ul and N~ai UIJ:I,h ~ Ahu .D~w~ i4 ~ ~l1!~ :N~!i.,'li [~90~

~! Zli! til' Nfand .ln26.;

lSI

Mlam8Jh .AbdrlLl] lhiyy L-~;c;khli1Ia:W~ ,i.ll~o p:roi'!",i,de~ exteilJSilJr"e detail s ~nd. ~'I!iitille.noes ergulng ~tro"g:'l:y n~~'I: I~lle; WOiI'dS; of the 1.r,~'(I(JIt#~ b~)N~ been m i5it~Jml~'fly iillr~v,e:rl:ed 'b~!' (me 01. m.1le l~ruJ'al.(j'rs:. olit!r~

Wf .s{)m~O:fII~ ;gl[1im~. ~$, S~awk.a:~i 'has hl Nail' ~\~ itn~"tm'~" l,llUart: ~he[e Is na, ~lru1m, iI~ .Abd ul A~h. ibeh~8 fill one i:ral f;I,a.rtal'i~g :[h[s. :repOlril fOO;'C"il1,l' '"~ U!LIsli.JlfIJ bas recerded his h{ltlee~J~ .in his, Salleeh! and Bn~har.j ~tH8 also ~ooru~d '~lis h&Jd0mlj, iilill ~(~i'ilj!iilil~~i·o:rii 'wj~:h i~J)d:~il M4~ 'bJ[iI AM H~i lilt. 'th~n ~Il wiU be ~aWJ 'I.~~U m~nl~' s:chol;u's ha\f~ deej~red hl m. IQJjI)li~ (W1enk).. llitnrunAIIllrularl hi~:t . ~tanbitl. says" '~Wbel~ he rna.mJI~.c$. by heart 11C: 'ma~~ '[jjl~:;;[fl.kes·~ 'Iil)~ i . ('tneiifi) n oth~ na, H:oweve:r" wltt.'Cl. he DMr.nte'i fttl!l1. t!:~fS. -book: '!:h~ :~ro..~ .. , .~~b~ lW'd~t;MI!' i~ ~Cc~,(~hae~ Whcrli he ·n~ili1'.ate!i be ,rodure:s baseless ~hi ngs," Ab:Il!i. Ururunt S:i}rs~. ~ "Iie 'aJllfilOt :00 iQ;LICitc(i 'hm cv~(h~no~,~ Alnw ~~f~h ~~~~ duu h~ hns ~ ba~ iIltu~moty, Hi'iifldh says, i!l~ '1"t:itq.t/N!;l1~ 'i"S~llkN1~ but ijl.~ \,,,,oi..dd relaJfe li(riiiJ;'C,C#1 :frQRlll'n,e ~C!QJks o;f. ollri.en :rnm UIlU'S: err," .Nas~i ~~ys 'lir'~1 ,his l~tJ{Ig,lul-; ~epdned fn~m ijli;)aidl'll'l:liIltiu ,!'d Ul'Wd ls m~i~~kc?r.

:1 (~li1uun Ninmiawi:) 5Q,y Ith~u '~~i~ '~reJ1 h~de;elh! under d.i~Ql!S'Sii[fJl is: ~~~O Ji\e.~o[1rlZid .fI:OI[[i UIb~lidt~llru~ rL[ 'Un~rl l~hrolJgh DJ!l~,wardN. Tit~ hadUtJfi ns preserved l~~ (hie /tiiofjad:l', is m(J;~;vqNJJ (Oln Iy 8S~riJOOd. ttll dt~ .~c~.i(m or ~I, ~Orn:Diru1i'PD).. JB,~lk.l~1i [has also repened .i~ ~s ,n l'fu'm'ql~ .hd,'ftl!~'J.'~, AJ Dru:,a~1IJt~i is ~lol'te· bi oopor.~'i;ng this n~tii@Ul' ss a filarft,t' kcwJetMb 1,m~cllii1bed to '!]me; P.r.op~~et ~) .aIJl1d he is !fil.Oit :rOl~®\Viedl uffil' :by Hfiyo;Ji~, I:fuiere!ru,~ 'he; C[iirl1i!Ol be qlullec] i n, e~~:dlenc~ e\"ett IthoUi.J~ he. ~n~y 00 a :n,~rr~[{.1f {t M~sli.!lFi. ~

ImJill]li1}El;1Ii Ni]11~ wi S~j.~S;

'Tililc f:ficl Llud m~ 'wooos Qr i~h~ .kadtetl~ have been confu:sed ,~I~, 11~i~~d aro!li lid ls ~~\i'C'~ by Illle ~~arr4,1j]iofll reponc:.d: by Abu Bakr hi tl Abu S(haibah~ and biiIl~J:m Ta]~9.wi. ·fiO: the ~nll~h.(i1iitY' o~r AMu~lal~1 b~.1li! S aeed rt::P!IJIJ1~f~' f.'rIOfii~ lIds' gr..afld·f~~h.~r who re . O!1:S: f~,o~i'1. Abu rn~lUlfttUd;,~h, '~ duu the P:I~.~)hct ,~ M1Jud;

. "'II1:re~~ one [)f you :fa] ls i milD ~}{Vdtlh l~0W1 'Il~ $chciIldd b~lliil wilWi JiJ is knees before 'h is, h~nds, ~l1d sJ~,Q'I;11-d ~lol, k~l,ool I lke ~he Jtnt~H n.g of the (U1D13]c) ,~a~l:""

I ~owevcer~ A'bdruU3ib bin Sa~ed has been (~ed'~R~d dlu/iJ,e! b.y n ~;ro~l\P !Of K:h;iDi~ars. Aru!'m.1~8h Am~1!" H~ V.al~ui.ni ,h as also ,cl IiliD:rm.-d i"r.a hi~, S~~b,~d ai" SaJawrx, GO~1iJi!fleJ1tar.y of Bfil14gh ,al Maj,:,u1IJ,I'~ thm: [he wOIrdLs 01 lbus: h(J(i~'CfA- of: .Abhl Hn.:!jrn:ilr:,[Jj~j, ~ lu.",~~, been cOf;llrus.Gd. and In1Jix~d j)iW!O~nlj'l arnd S:O this hadt:'e~h sl(u:mM. be, lUlll1(1rMOM 'in mh~ ~.i:gfJil ,~}f' W'aJrn bJ II Hiiltj r\. "'~ In:in~tkrJD (qlBoted, t.uer), • ,Ab~~s; SfJ.1tD~l :Wbl~ Ta:Y.I~l il~y;l'h q!.IDO'l~~ Kh:~.ufJbi h~ ·al. Ml:II,r~"""/f1 as sayi ng Ith91 Il~~ h(I;~fl(}tJJJI. of Wtli:~ bin Hl1lJj:r .., is mm€' es'!;a~Ii.csI.ted. ~llan ·~t:~c l~atlfftll' 'of A.bu Huraiw.f!dM ~~;.~M

2., 8myyi~~fII~ 'mba~, UmJ!l~'~f '. rep (l![i[s, tlrlaj(_ l'!1hel] 'the, 'Pro-p' .~~ $ \'~(itlld f~il iD'~O; (S:fljf},al:i ]~e '\~iJuld p[~!l:-e .hi!!!; )ftmllflS b~f~~~0 his kn~e:5,;,".:6;S

~llijh~dli:I~' D~~nr~~" .AJh~rn~d Uthmani wri~·es~

~'IE,~en if we "i,weil:'C mo aJ5.:S11!lIne: ~h,e ;1t][h~rllid1.Y' of ~bk~ (lll:aci:n:,g the hand b~:r:o~: ~t~~ kfU~~)" ~:lfIll~ ~)tQ]~fS hfi\1'·e cbtim@ct U~I. U h; :a"bro8~ted. .rb~.al .~·lr .. ~dJbi r '~~YS';' ~.son~ of ,Oll!ff il!iltl-h()~ar.s h~\f]e sa~~ ~l"b;il~: the ;llitiJiCilUtg or' ~h.e: btmlas before, ~hc· knees ~~ _:O"1bro,gMe(L" (]ibii] Klu;a~l.~lIi'lililah ,hfN·: also chdmcd, HDa,~ it is 3b1"C!g~t,e~.)"".ij\1

J I~~:r~t~ Nima wi sass;

'TIlils is; a m 'lil~nf}.1 hl1dfl!ih ~COrntlaiilfi:~n g deliij~~:~)_ D~IDI~J!':iII~ii 114]S m~f~H~d ~'t,~ dC'fe~t ;!l 'E]f)c' f~1 '~hat Alxl'u~ A ~i I: bin MUlhrrtllll:Und al ])anili\7ll;j't-r-di is idorH~ WI~ fiilHiUi rig, IJbis· :rep~n .froD:' 'Ubaidlun~h. D3liha;q.i. sa~s. ''AbdIllJ AZ~1Z ~UlS tHHT,a_'ICd 'i~ ]J1 (hi~, ifiltl\IiUi:e:i" ~u1id T ,aju U!Qlt' I~bjlruk U (~l;scriIIMng IJds ae riou ~o ~he P.rop~1e t, ~) ,~'nll.i U I~ I~I b!lJt il mii$bt~e. ~'!

IIum'uun 'TaIIr~'l:W] .8:IDJyS· i n .sl''''ltl~ Ma'(j'I',i at Aatl~tlQf that, ~~ere are d~ifoo~ilfillg lIgpnrt~ '~'r~. Sary)' id!.m~ Abu. fJ~.r,aiJr;Dh L. btU: .s:~yyicluna W',ail bin Huj r ~ lllaUilli'ates, o:aly one thiltg~ ~:he~"e:ro~$ his l~'II~de,elh wirul be .prt$@irred ov~r. [~~IP"t ·of S.a..y:.ikWU:Iii~ Abu th]lll~,['~h ~;;.

AID1smtifW~ i\JIWar 3:1\\;1.1111 K~sbnl1rJ i~aiS $!Jn}olJrl~;r lll1iql'lfl. expl ;)na:ti;cuiiJ '~O I~.e .a:pp.fllffmil d~:ff.ef.eRce. fllml t~e 'lw~ ~{ul'ett.~l!, ~11e: Slays 'th~.~ Ute; .p.laci~ of

oki~ Dh~ftlJ' (j~' Am(U.W\~ ~10".5 ,.

'Hi:3 Co' • ~ ~ - - • _. - -, -

]~m lii;w .s]C~iuball 2700-,1' T~l~w~ Jn55 .

.Ki4i, ~ .~. -'."", .j ,ll - . .!I ".rIi

i~~: ,I i~~t~' ,t.i~, 1.~(:fSi ~~~. ~"'""'"

.:.M ]b(l1l ~11r;!laim~ 62;,j, ·f,il.hm\~U 1..12'5.4·. Daruqulili ~2~R ,~jl(~ ! I~ki],il_ ~1'~1''klllll ,1;cCl.aret! i~ sl1fr~el~ aflid [lh8'ntlbil ;aste/oo~

153

the hands before the knees Is jm. res,(mC!1: 0'1 tll~~: ,~;OO' are il- ~ old OJ'

'I\,. ':Ii'~, 'L """"II,;," b.,. ;I & o;jll., • h- 'I,..,J' 1. ; iCj 'd

weai.. ,i1iJt ~li;as neen PIPUJwruli!u:eu. ror I!;.!!IweTI1, Ul ~" e ,iI',Ul..fil:,ei~ll'i, Oi d~Yl- ffl]lntli

Ab;jjjJ H:'!ll[;aimh, ~ d1tt~ the'JI' mo~ld [aU to Uw, gftlUIIlI.d [[I, the malilfi'e:r cf a (;~eJ,~, t[~Ol1g~ th6'" may ~~ill pJaoe. mdr hu.~s, be~~ill\e rnm~if' tn~s I' 'Th~s is because a GaJne'~, si'Qk~ to the 1iO'!illiod ,iiIJ; a. w.a.y ~ba'~ leaves WfS :POll\~'n.or i:rn,'GOQ{;;NI)1J;1.sl:y :ra]sed whlle '~h~ foo(llt, part ,of u~ 'body ]3 dose ~'Q the gmUlllil,~; S(), tilMe, who Ibeed 1.0 place 1Jle:ir hands on '~le gICU:in'(l for S~lip,pon bero,OO; meg. '~:tlJee.~ may d~, S'i')' but Ithe;j' ,shoyld 'il'~oid this

_r~u.~sjjmb~,e ~s[;ll.Ire of a ,crune.:l faU~I1~, t'o me gwo~ncl. 11ncc.

c1JiS'Coon;ge:n1!3nt in the ,ll'(ld(J'€lh~, th!!refore" is. not for p.lac~nl tbe h~m1;s, bero:re tilile ·,knees bill;! ror.' tilis :p05tur-e 'of a, CaliTll~] taUi ng tu' 'tile ,GUlunICi, :illm w~j.ch th~ reu i~ :ncised whUs~: i~e ~ro(l!]I~ Pitt o·f the body iis eloser t,o Ilil'e ,grDI1U:1d!, Thll $1 I\i;j; :!iu,p!llI1ed lby'dltQ~ mt~tio;rJJs of" the hi(ld~fttlf. ,~~ti~ dO' not (ton~llilm Ithe '~O:1ids i'He s110Umd 'p.~:a,ce. bis hl\:nd;~ ••• ," $lI!eib as, ilh~ Ilma'li(Hl oJ T'in:nJ]dbi i~JtiJ 'whicb :vt is; mrn8J~ed 'from, 'SB,yy~dfpml a A'brwu. J:.J:umilf,gh- . thm:t ~he PropMt ~ :iM~lj '~'Wbe:1l ''-l~~; of Y'Q"1(m1 ~rurnlJks, 'to the, gtt'mntt {for suj~til)l d(!l~ :h~ falill clown, :bl ~be mamru~r of'~. ,came;I.'?"

Ind '&heir. tVUowers~ $:ufyamlll ,[i] naw,ri'i Is hit'll" Ithe, m:1JDriI)1 ,of '~he

\fot'(Jh~J 8illld ~U, o.f Ilhe people of Kufahr. It has also been !luotred :F.r~.

Ihil Wlwb ,md is, itihe 'View fJ)f:' IMam :M'~rnUc a'S well at'cMillLng '[Q '~lle 1rn;l!Wat~D'Jru of ,[bl~1 Sh~'~'b~ll. Imam. Tirm]dh~ ~3yS aIle:n: nm,aJti:e,g, Ul,e ebeve IlraafJ.(J,ti' c,f Say)d~u![rua W'aU bin Iflujr.J "This is title ptaCti.~e o~ Pl~5.t ,~f ~~ ~o]fk to!f ~emruht.g. Tlli~Y Mi® of' the ,],ew 'tbat ,a, ma'l~ s'lculd pl~ce hils knees b:efofle h~s 'h',@J['u.1s., ;8Jnd \W!:bien d~wmg he SbOl~i~d llft

'D..i'" 'Il.,;o."i'-j "':I~, i"~III1'O'_' N..:" ~ '1~'''i'iili;1II' ~ ,IIIrua ~~~IIDIl,1Ol!' Y'U:I."A"'" Hl~ lIJl.lJ",,~.

,Nww~r ~x'p1~A;aJijOO {l\f{eredJ by A]lamah AIIl:wm :S,llah, ill .IU.~lurwi i:s tba~ 'thei uJ!eim:rrnQ 01 the woros '~He sbotdd place ~ ls ~mds before 'Ih-e lIm~:' is ['() 'pl~ce the hands IOn th~ knees beF~m plac.~ Ute knees 0.1'1 ~h~ po~~md.! 'lot 'Ilia!! 'tlte hand-s, s.hournd 'be placed ,0([1 I~he grCltlln~ 'b~foJ.e I~be knees because [he '~nl ~,8.roUrnt(r Is '1JlJli>1 mr~;milO:!led in oornl~llJnloti,()n w:i~h r~1e wolJd "~ands l' [illlyw~ere run [the :ooJ~IOO ahad;e-e"IJ', 'Th_is 1"eooiil,dl:i;a[Jj,o,O, of. the ,(j}/~atJ~t'f.1' was ~:L$O su.gg~;~-ed br~ Muqbili 3JSi, quotoo, by Sh~w,kQ1fli in his Nail a,l ,Aw,t,~o.r. It:is dSQ sl1pporrted by ,a]l,other nll1''atiolJl of the ~~~!Il].e l!'(lde:.lrth of SaJY1idihBlna. ,Abu U:uminth .. '[,000;00)00 by al IB3jfu~i b£ his al .s~m~'I'l. S~,yyi;d:UJIiI~ Abu H!lWr;~ium .:& ,rl~blt~s thll the !PI'Ophel. ,stmdi" '~W~'tt;~n O\llle of ,,ou p;roslruGS, th~:~ rn~~ III m 10[: fil'~] dOI\~~l1 in the ~~ afllfl1ler ef a eamel, He should :pJA.1iO~ WJs hands on his: knees, j

PI· 'J iIl.. ~k if: '11,; 'I., ~ Ii... [' -I-II' .' ., ,-~, -I'

, ,;~C1U'ig one !S ,1M1~es eerore ~Ji~~ :1~1a;f!l!i.!!.:S '~:V~ll~m L~a;_,_ uig; ,~.n~Q IS~{I,~Ii\~ ~s tue

,~::1l~1'~~, view ~d pradics .of S:a,YJild'uu3! 'Umu 'bi lit a] KhiMUab ,m'itl Abdiu]]~h bin ~~~~!Uid amol1lgst U~~ Sa~~rJbfJ:h _ ~ I Ibm LU:m. ;31 N'akhru. Abw~ (~naooll au!l Ibn See~ o~ the Tabf·~~~,i~ Im~m, AblW H£mifm~; ,[ma:m A'b~1 Y'lJst!f;, Imam Mnha:mmad, mnUlfm S:hatlee., Imam Aj~m~d

15'.5

IC· '-··'hnp~· t I~ -, '9. ,'J

_ 'in, _ """._,~. .

When I n,i'J'Ma;~h !!:OIIllJpl]etr3.5 [Ihe sec'G'ud soj(Jafl 1m the fin~t· and thirol f~k I U1i, U' , .fttJl(1;"~ me SJil,(MllIW, I rhe up, !l,t( i' - t [0 lh~ next :rar~ I'all 3'ud :no,'t sit

• IJ",' . T' L.' • - he vi f i.'(., ~"" r- .. IL.,,,.. ] l' _.;1 'Ii..' ;

J'D !J twe n, '1 ,ul:i ~s t ,]~. \' u .. ~" '0'. me ,tU;1ljO:nty 0_ Y;JLe SO,lOar,s,. ·anY! bWi .1'5-

~be,und!e([S'l:3[jJding sai.nedJ a~ullhi.$ p~rr1t of salah .from most ,a/J·at:l€et,"~'.

S eme are of lh~ 0 hrion that aftcr Ilb, second soajelfj'h .PIl['SOU should ,s.iit. Pf(Il'p.erty 'oofore ,is.ing, I '0' [[be second and :fOUflt!h rak' ah, The.y' claim ttUI~ :tbis i.. J~/m'l:~~ and shculd be dODJ0 b- '~11I, hea~tlh'y {iii sick, yOl~BS' or eld, TI(s ~ 'i.u~ll"g ]:S, e\Re~1 referred to as iji.lMJJ\~ al ,r.r,"l;ro!h,d~ ~ (iI'he sitd~18

f' t"" • 't -h ",i ). f' '~ . ,.

O! res ,.J.. _s, WIt) UlilllY eft er ,ll',~s.a,a,f'i~; -,I~,ere aresome et 'b_US 0'P~n.~,on

who are 'very persistent and roGH~['(U1I!JS in dle:~r clalm UU~,1~ ~;lds, is the Ofilly v~alid" aence alii III [ , J;se is CO]J[r.~ -' to ~~,e Slif'Ulf.l.'h.,

, ,

VilhUSl ~~be pro_pone]]~s. of' lite f(lirme.r \~.i.cw.r accept ~ili1e. v.allid~~:y O!F the siuing of: I, ' :t th ,Y (II ajn~iin ~barl 'lhi s should only [- , ~d op~ed by tit ' se in, mt~d ~uch ,as ~ ~e cld ~OO I,be; sick, l~is~ the;y sety" ~rs ~be best ~i[Jjd;erswKlh]g; and 8JP' JicaJlion of aU the ~Ihadt!trl~ on me ~[Jibj'ect Belo,'w is ~i d·i sCij;s:sioiIJ of ~j!~o., e a'hade.f!t1~ [f~8.:t suppon 'his view

-,

fioll,o,woo by ,fj,n anaWysts: cf' ItJI~ " namtlons . be. ' are ql!l.o~,ed by ihose who

say ~it_lhe ~jil'.sah ,at istir.ahi~Ji'l (fhe. 'm['tiug of .re~O ls ~,jSf.~m'~,fJ/J for aJU.

~; 1ft 'the 110 ,gaIT' haaeer'lr o,f'~Y' dm~a Abu. T~nluair[ah ;abo~t th~ me rn wl~o did not coftlpletJe his :£'atah (I., ~ ,fropbet: says to him, ""[len ~all dowiJl, h.t~1 ,rostraH'lln uui !. rOUl are ftl no(O~ i~ lklm fise a - dl _J~; uwtU y!m1U are ,mnt~o~llasl 'fll~n, :faU run" p(rQ-Str,ate. ag~lin U!~tU "QU, are .o.fIQom.e - the'n, rise ,{ilmj ~t!ulJd slr,aigbt Do tb~l~ ~hrlou,lihout ,'Ofmli" -'a &di Ii! ; - '

157

[The Proph:et ! ' does, Ilbot me:rntwon _.11), 'S'tl1Il1tg after. 'lhe M:cond

p'wrnrlldoD b!tmt. in~~ts him '10' stJnd ij',p'strtrlg!u.

2. 'j . the long /tradeelth of tile description of die Prophe rs '.: s'atal11 Sa;v.yidlUUi, ,AJnJ Malik a[ Aslrlarl ' eillso[ 'a~,: tbie, tiI~,. and leal ClOUD iu~D Ii,n:s,t:l[ "11'11" ,sa _ the IftJk/}' el" ,amid 'rais. _ 'c: ,bis ,head~

... ~.:Ii IL ,I\.!I!,. .d' I' [_"' .. ; . .lJ' .. 'II.. ",.I

t!l~u. t!JIlt! .tII~ue.:er an~, Ie I .• own, :U~I .. a B'IfJ,tUt,,. '~U ~Il sau)1.

tbe IQi!6'IJ.e.r ;DJQf n ~Jimd, stood, upri,Bh~'" WMn be [com.,' ~~e:! [ ,hb .. 's.'lah h '1u .•. to :bl_, people owl

11)' EO ioL, "d no" " ," .;, ..... r~!L .". . d"

lI..llJe hI il.~lIl.m;, .sal!' 'Ii' 'Ae.em' 1:0 my jW;~~eer an_

I "':m O]l.y- I!'u[k ,n ' 1 . d "r;illd;. tbi': is t 'I .P_',.':;t·r [m;

ti. e. M[essE,llIig~1' . " 'wi'_lb wbiclt 'he ,fill. I,', leAd us. 'a,t t~l"s: time ICif tbe IdlQy!'"~

3., StlJ-yidliJua, Ab'ba~ or AyyiSb bJI] 8ahL :MJ S:~idee (iI~po.ns, 'tba~: he "'~ IS hl a g,atb~r.i]']g wher, , hi" 'f,ti'tr, who was compalllIl,on of tfu,'e PropbClt ',WM presem, In Ib;e !8Itherill. 'ilie(-e. was I]SO S:a~yjl~n~ AJbu _: 'umi;r.ab~ S,~y,~drua.fll Abu ,UllImlwd am Saidee, allliid. S8lY~.tdu:n~ ,A:bu Usaid -. He 'relates ,ft long hladeeth ill which h mentions mhat He (t " . i:' 1I"0phet ~ ~ ~J)d th· taliee,.! d prnsb".a'~ed,. Het -~n ,said 'tbe t'tlk1J,~ r III aln and s ood up' ,. u:i: •. i:d nQiI It, " '10

4., ,Sl;Yyl,c111JUSl. Abu Hluni:ralllni • s.a-y$,~ !l .. _~: 'r.op.et· 'wo-~idsmDd ~p .. , I t'he b 1~ls lof . is rHt ,i !{4Ill'i!",4~1

Af~er Iq!Lt,o~jng thls J7a'tlf-e1/h I Tlmndlhi 'a,y$,~ '~Th~$ ts Ute p'roc~i.c ~ of tllrl,e' :propJe. of' .leaITl'h],g·, 'Tlliley pn~:fetr tba;t a man stands limp ,0'1} the- hal ls of '~Iis fe~t i~al sal.a/l, .'

~ A:hrmlliild ':22399,., '[rltaim, Nim3Lw.i :S:ZI!ys [1:1I11,ils Isntld is hanaft1 (4$Ql.

~ Abu DawiX!d. 733 &. 96~'. IrlJfIIm NimilJ""~ !Says WI' thM ii= "3ri'ad ls 5ti.h . 1~. Tfliha,!r~;i 41J,54,. '11m Hibhltl1 1,3M aDd D, 'ihi«Mi 2M2.

"";1 'TilliThi]d~i 288 and. :Ba,sb~\;V~ 16&1"

,Abu. al Tay ib wnr~s ~iI1 his commentery of Timlli,tUti, ';;Tmim;l,~d t"s ~!frOfrdS i~'i:;: is dlu~' :pme!~ice of ~be , ' .. ·op·le <Cjf ~ear.l1lilfll ,~;; . how trial[ :_11i,s J.,ooee.tI, ~8 has,tl,,~! for if it wa·· mot ,"asar~ .. b~'ltw~ak then tbe) wouitid never ha ~e ~cled upO'J1 it' le5pc,oi:aUy when cOfufa'dict d (by other

W'>~""* .) 'II ~~"i.''''~S .'

Hafidlh Ibn flili ,HuMam &RyS in , a~1.l ~~I [Q:acle"r-, 'I, ·;rmidl·~.~ 's 8[att,emel1~ "This is. the practice of .ct people of. leami]'],Jt" s ews ~Iat lb'i ~ }] a's OJ baslSc! eveu tllo~l,gh dris pru:tm;cU]i Iclhain m:a,y be, w~.,"

:5,. IkritllWl, s~; s, ,i'I pl"aIJ~ed 5itflah be :·Dd: sh~ndll in !4alk~_ b;, he pHd.O_ n,cOOl %2 takbee.f'S. I ~.r~(1. to ,I.bll Abbas ~ t[lu~· h@ is, 8! foot He ,ittep,]\ied: [~~tJay "~lOUT D(I;otJh!er' IG.;"c ,QUi.. "lb,(s i ' :Ih,_ $u'n'liah lof' Abl!lJ till Qa~dRl . ,},,';j,2;

Imam, Nb~in:vi g~,ys, 1~]];iU ~t can. be: und~tooo fro:m. [~,e: ablJ,'\l~ lutdet!th tJlUl~ tlhere ls no pOSliI,J.1;C or s,ttl~n! ,of rest between ~he ~lf.Jid and (J})la.m ['11C pmsl~t~l~]Oll, ,Ind standing. or if i~, was s II~C[l ~f~ ~lJn~ber of ta.kbeers.. would have been 24 because it i as, been e.st~b]js.;fu.ed l~l)3it ~he PropJlet .. weuld sarr Ithe f'akbe-el" .a' tfue ume of e,"eJ) risinl. oo·w.ing~ ~lmlITldiug and ~itti r1!.

6. No II_a~, bill. ,Abu .AntJJsh say:1il,~ !,]: l~a,"'e seen ,mOlfe OIa,o Cl~t [of the 'OOmJ,8.nlom of the . 'l:O,] et ,'_,. \\~'~n ~hey !raised 'i~ ar hndl', f!flom ~hc '. c,r,mstr. lEon iD Ute Irst 'and tlli' I rtl.l~(!lA 'they woulJd steaDd UI,P, slrai,o'bt as t'hey wet",e :alDd ther WO:.'ld: not' :sit.,n 411

1. Abdul Rahrn~Q ibb Yazeed s8(ysJ' 'Ob,~lW~,ed

Abdml1l h bllln Mu"'ud, In sela'l;', aiRd SQ, "' 111m j'n

,;m. AIilIlll-ltd 18B,9. RukfuIri "jS and :lblil ,Hi~n 17ti\2',

"'J Dn Am .!il!u~iooh J.9ISit "O)ilrrm 'Nim.aw.il 5¥ 46.; I tha;~ its ,rSJ?fhJ ils Irtl$t1it.

10. Abu At" }ryM. reports that Say~-b:liI1I]HlI lfbJil. A b~a,,,

3l '.d: S\oy,,;!dull' .Ibn { .• DI:". WG1111d, do the ,1'_ :~:Je ,4;lS.

1.1... Sh!abi 'S3Jf~t 'l.T.ar~, A i r~nd illite coopanlil0HSJ, ore [the Pf\oplltet "1 w·ou.'Ld .5tand up on 'Ute !baiRs [0 U~ejr ~ .11 in J(l:llIl,~~'; ._ I

S ..... A- I"' .:ltD

Ub81:ud bllmill Ajh~ al J' ad reports the same abo!lt aYj,l,1 nuna '.-' ,~ ...... -

12.. ZlJlhrl say l' "[Ou;[(" SbendlS, "fould UJ):t. do

m$JJ'I~'~ya.ld~/~ (~:eet), 'IlnealJlj~nl \1 h~ " iIllI!nf! ,O'f tliem,

.,!, l\tl<d;~1 R8zz.eim:lI29.~',. 9'61, [!Dn Abi s.~~@. 3'9" & . ',9~$6! Tab~Qi _h~' a.: !\1_".f!am .til' Ka~}e~,W" ~~ no·, ~'ti27'i wid Bauha~i 27'64, ~a:fldh, Haji~h{1mm say~ 2J'U36 ~hilt jl:S IIm~~t'ofSi 0)J'e. I~~ ~r IMik~bi; a®.d .~,athrutii hH also dccl~ it .Stt11.h"~h.,

)~~ F.'U~J' alilari 2~j85 ,

',1~ :tb,Ll l\Jbi Sh~ib~l 39:83 &: ._ 9~. [rii,1;1»1i Nlilrt; ,wl. s.tI.~s 11'k1i ~I i~~~r1l:d :i~ ..r.ah'_;ell (~tS3). ,11lDH ,AJlJi Shaibsh :l9iSO &: 39&5.,

. '] , AbdlUI.1 Ruzaq 2963.

of bl1l ~bi 'bi'.dbn;n 3g81. ..; 0 Ibll A.hi SJu~il,ro:h :;'.918.

160

'"~f)tld rlse 'fT1UIl) ~he .-,oDd ~\{fjtltl.'~ :L_ the . lfrsf rak' atr.J .I~e wlomdi stand Ii.Wp as he W~5 and ,m~Oit sit - oI~iU

A,j,1.-swe.rs to. ,tlui!' alu«leel'l, of sittiRg ajter tll[(/. ':I,(:o'ild s,ajdQ/~~ b1l2HlijfJI ,Bukhari h~lS :E1Larraled ·[he. fhndee'lh' of Abu H'f,~li r.aJ~ .$ ]1i1!1 whr e.1l Ithe 'Pro,ph!CJt explahrjJ S I~he method 01' salall ~Q the: one W _10 dlid WIL'Ol[ cOlup]et his sQlal1j Kh:alla ld:n:afr .I •• Part of 'thL h .d . tit reads,

~T. D '~Jl dO' _-. _ into pJ1'o<8.trntioD ~llliJJJI yol!.Jl are m~ ~iOln~~, l:hi rlse ,uDd. JH: U]llrJI :yOUl ~~re NiI'b1l'111~e&S j Ihm r~dl 'i)'~], pl~oiStr~d.e: ,Ig in lImiUI r01Ll1 ~re l.D(j'tj,o:!ili~es'" nruer lItJ's~: and .s:t st1W.. Do 'daJis: '~hifioillghout:- mml" Mia.",. ~1.2

S~)nt' have taki~n ['h~s, evidence lh{~t '[he si~J in ' 3:'. ter the sajdah Is ,3. simnair of salah. However, rut Hafidh Ibn Haj[ililr has explained hl .Fall! {l~' Han"'" 3 'h~t the ll3Jrr~~o.lf of ~h s report bas, been opposed by iQ~ - ~t;r$ who ha aot ~ ncluded the words 'then rise ~nd 'sit :n i II.' (~fter the second :m.jd($/t.) i I~ I~ he~1l' n~rr~ti'ml!S~ 'fhe~iIf 'WIo!rdmimr~,g i s preferred .. and hn~~fmJ lluklum h:IS hinted 81 l~~ms by 8al~ing at fJile end -of ~]us Ij'(lde'etlr~, ..•. bl! U sama h . one of the:'~ her eporters rOf 'lid·' had - ,til' whose

narrailon h~. becml q'WI.'oJtedl ~ 'V "-) fi,id~ 'then rise tl _d .. tand , .. r ,~igh![. '

2. S~, .. idlUJua Malik; bin ;~d Huway.rith ~ reports lh;@Jl "vhelIll the JfitlO J~el .' 'would be (j \im· few.' ~he: seemu11 0.1:'" ~O'Ult ~ rd'''. . ~ _- h.is so.l'f,f,f.1 he ~!\O ~ til ~i.O~ st~~d, u P l~ud be :had .. It .' llJ. ,lD rlt'S. 0115

I 1. unde "" .; to met· to tlll' ropllet~'s I. ,-lye' ,._. hls o;]d ag~~

'his ~X'pl~H'8don is MJipport,oo by' a hall ftth llarrJle,d 'by' Abu. Di!JW~.lo.d

00 [he ,atll~~~ori.l) of ~1ua"\I'iyaih bin AJ:ii Su fyall [lhat t;he Pr~hat &\

"I I!lm Ab~, S.halbdh ;~~7,

cl8:l: Ill", - U. L '" - il:'0-n'7

c;'~I~.l~..n ,,iI,O::1 •

'. FarJ;~ l~l ,11«ri l MIS .. ~'BlJj' tiw 'i:l90& 1,

oj' 'fhmldulL"i ?-8.9. A~I.lD~wood 1M4.~ T.i [fnlid~(~ 28,1, ~mtl. N~ ai..] ,I S,:2; .

said, '·no ·Dmt. pl'~u.:eed ~,~erO'R me in "l,_k"~ 0([" s.~udj' blCl~ 1(10 lLu'ttjt __ ; ho'w ear:ll 'I __ ' OJ bo, ',d~w.D efo' ,,' , "0 _ :n:~o mk ~f f,oul ",'iU c9:kh 'up w1D!h .me w'l~an dsiing [mm. 11.. Indeed I have eaMed

~ L ~;;:i

~e!llgr.:'-

Ibn tl'm Qayyilm w . [ S, i-bills Zad. a~ Matld'

7his has illisil been! re:POl"ted from a. mil.rumuber of the Prop:hef,

tlJfll1pillious, '. AJ] '~o "\I1no· ~ ve d, se -rood ~jbe: stlkJh of the P,roplle~' . ' ~)ftve net l'n:em'IIDoned Lbi~ s'luimg;, ~l has onily' been ·mG.nlkmerl .in.1h£: h'oik-e'~~ of Abu, .H,~1Urnd·Mid M'mik bin a'l Hlu;waydth. U thj:5i W.~$ hl~~ 'permiiWCIU ])raclic~ it \ ~1i~[d ccrtai~~y b_-,VI~ ·__ri. :mcm.iolilifid 1)))' '(has ~'.t:1 o have .d)esf;Ilbed 'h:i:s: sa/ali., A]s,Q.. lie mere r~t ~ha;~ he di~ it does tun lrtd h~ote tblnill ru~ is a srmntih o.f· ~C1iah , unless .'t ~e(ntne.:s bowli ~ltwat he dlid ~L O~ tile IS tbal ~~ i's a sflnr-1g'" in. w\1 ese practice he should be 'O:fnlmhN;~e i If i'l is MSIDIfn~,d., ~ln~~'Ver.'1 that ~~ dLd iil. 0'Ii.I~ ,o:r Il»ee~ 'Iiien ~bi, .dees not 'Sht)w l~;M im. is a.l'lm.~m:i 0\ .~1(:Jll .. ·~1

Urw al ,,'\u~t'IJJr.mlli ]]IS also Clalm~d, in a-l JQwltar (J'i N'atJ'iyy. tha~. 'th~s was et 9J .fuilUta'li of the Prophet's ',.,' SQ,lo;h: on tile Mg,unU:llJt tim! B,u~bari h s ~!~'Ied ~]ffi;c-' J.J~itLel.h of M nk bin .€.iii ' Iu.wa;yrid.lJ '.$i; \\!hh. a chain tha~ contain Ay}'u, repoJtin,g ftom A -u IQi1ab~h !repm1in,g from )r.Ja~lk bhnJ a'~ lJ:lJwn~rith '. As part of the kmg,er liatift.(J,'/I! Ay.y.ii[]·b says,

'He '(AmI"' 'lIJin Sa mab)1 WD d 40 ~l~unet iDg, thart I .Ib.- ve ",mil. seea th,r.n~1 ,(the .. ar.uedl 'lubi. ·u,,·,f biB' time) d~~ he 'Wl!iuld :s·if·: hJJ lh~ '~h lid au. fo.llift . ,mk·lia~@,4e

.laDl1r:ailawrn and mrn~m Ahmad b~n K.bil~ ha~~e both ~~Mr~te:d tb~ same ha:(~ ,Ill . I~ whicb AYYlIJjb S118, "'I S8;. Am ' bE I Salanlab ,do somedlrdn'g 'wblei I. b_9:W' 'not seea jrlU. do, WI~e . he 'w"Jtli!uld rais.' Ills head 'fro -c ~rut sl1jtlD.h WIl, 'Ute s:ecmwd [l)J1lid fou: rot; 'h 'in 1dlirb thl0'R is· dl:lil1ll J! ~uld 8.ru~. PnIJpefly :·.nd thi&llI. SblJntt,' Id'Uun Taba:j,~'~ Sa~l8. ! A:YY:IJl;b! s '~atement. thal he bad no: een ~lbe peep] - do

~M ,AJlJiill:!!d ~,6a~6,; .D~'Ui~Thi :I.:U.S, ]hi'll ' I~J(!,~ ~I' ~ Abu Dn,woe.(! 610;, B~&_~~ says· ("t~U1P._~ lI'1i, ,'!aile~1i 00.43-9) Iham thi.$ is,p,-ad 1;8 s«IJ'eitli'.

43ii UltI' (.!'t' ft.1tm~ 1 ,)I. W •

~:s:e: Buldm.r4l8S.

Uds -. e'1!/l;:Q tj~oU,gh he.. had seen me: a ,pD1'JP of tlJiJe most eml nent 1':0111 "i;~ !! s.hows that this: W.I$! ~t a. .:llnl~Cl'~' e "

~"" m 'OOORIed] eari[e.r, d:w. eid:::f' ,O;lmd more, ,ro,min','f1I[ compa:n[OflS who were C~Oser to the. .PtopHl.eiIL ... ,Mel 'wl!ruOI SjpelU mo~ lmme.~ in ~M.S OOtjp~ ny than ,S,,), idu;Ai; Mamnt bin. ,a] I-'uwa;yrith ,~ Slife a] agree upon _ a pm'C'~lce Ehat !COIltradicl8 wil,a!. he . L as repOli'ted., iTh.etefi:u'~, their Pl!'i,e:U ec 'Ill. I prefemed ov ,r. Iii i s report ,al!d thi.s i : til, ,ISOD. w~ the

schohtt-s hal,'f! :Ioo.pted :it es In.e.olioned!by T"mrJJ.h:lhiL -

_, . mam T]ml~dh;· sa,)Fs atfte.r qjUO lng t1JJie had(!etll~ of Sa)'yfdl.nf~a Ab(JJJ1 ~uminm ,~ in 'Lids Ie.tJ}.ltm '1'~l~:S l!i, the practice. of. tllte: poo'p.[e of ]~armw f 'J; They prefer nlla:t a l1fl~ln ' :allldJs -1' on the balls, 01 his feet ttn sala/J,. ,. ,:Not:e that .~Le d}o~ nOlt Sa.!y some or. Illrte majerity! but tille people ,of [\eMni ng,

In al ,UstJos fl Kayfl)lyah ~l J'w,I()()'S! Ii. tid]] Q'ssim bin Qutlr b~i.gb_illll ~ID 'Hana_fi has: quosed AbdL1S S:danl ~bm T,[J,miyya·.1 as sayb]g diJ\8t tl e SQiJW1b-o~! - \Ir'ere tinltnmm~us in Ch~f _ mJt: ,ndhti"ptillng. i.h~ practice 0' the ~u~ g, of rest, therefore dIe lj·ade·el'h of S ayyiduna, Mal ",,~ b~n a] HW!lW.RYi~,im " n-rrul:u:~t r-e~et 1/0 in, lnstanee ,of Jc.b:ue.,u,m; [teed !(o~, old ligc

as shOW,1I11 a.lll![)ve ~n ~he hadlE'er!J' oM' A.bu Dawood), '

lbn B,i~ID'N1l4m)11 s'ays in N(l.1~'(ldi - 0.1 Flltj'ellu!l as. qtl.o~.ed by Ib,l al Turkumal11 mim bi.- ,a./ Jo;whar at NQ(#);"~ ~Tite,y '. ,~ aU agreed i'll, their ~ie~ t~~arc 'W1JJe\I.l on.e n1.~S h~,s head 'from ,Ihe s~cond sajdaljl o,r U~n~ f'irnt and tll'i d ,-akJill,r 'he ',iI] 'st- tid! iU1f.. :suru.gb~ and. not S]ilt~ 'whb the exception O'f Sh~·fi.'~~ '\-,~.© r-e.-oolTIrnleJlds 'filar be s[~ould sil~ in. the,

maJillll'l.er of fQshahhlld Ind ~h '. -, stand. ,,4% .

RiS]I!ii.,g straight to ~e second and fOlilm :nal"a1h 'witbot tsiltiE~g down is: tllC \~L w anel piJ~f~ '. or b ~:Jlm M~fll i k, In~.GIim .Abu lia:rdfah) m'm&illl, .Ab~1 'i'IIls,uf;, Imam :Mu]latnn1JJa.d1l Spfya~1 al ~h~wd. Im~m At'lrufld" shlq ·b. n RM!l!liyaih, . - 'W'Z " rleiII (aUo,,_ r;s and tbe'~jm,u.ty

163

of [iliiIe. schelars, Imam .Amnad ;9ill~ ,~~]d.,. '·M(i~t aJl~~tl{jlt{.I~' are 1J]p.Gi:l. ·tb]!~'~ (not siU1l'i1g)" and A~b.~~m. StiLys~, ~'I. sa,\Y ,AW1~ad. rise JUD.:poo 'tile balls ,©:f his fee!~ l[lfl~r tbe; ,ntif-~-d., 'Hie did 'DDt sit be~Qle ri'sJo.g,'" ,LTlle :~ame h~s be;~JriJ reported 'frolITlTIl. .tH~~ of ~lc SQJu4'b,a/~l ~. ,t-\'ftt( ;(r~ OitrinS: the above jiade.€:£f~ of S:~:~tyil~Jhtn~. AJJ,ljjjj H!Jjr,~], .{~! Imam Tim:ti.dhi :sa)'8~ "This '00s ~~!~ pTactic~ of 'U~.e' ~olP~e of '~eam.lfljg. l'h,ey :Feie,r I~rl alt ,8.J 'm~J~ ~~and~ ~p IOmll ~he l)aliis [of his '00&[ in st~/'all"j'

C~rtu.i I] ,[~(iip'le ~Thia;~e qmoted ~he fol ~1D"iiVlUrI\! }-uJde:~,t:k 'to argue lha~: when ,fIl ,Il¢~(~on lises, ~o th¢ ll~X'I, rctk~,(Jl~ be should ,Sllp]lOti~ bi;nl~eU IO~, clenched fii:ds like a person lkllead~gj!i& d(Y~.g$l':

'·W.h~_11 the Prophet ,~, would stand up in s,t1laiJ he wou.i.d p~ace: hj~ ihiu.nds t!~>gl]. the ,gw~uld .Jus'~. es (urn~ ~~Ijin does,'

Tlwy ha \1\0 taken I~he 'w'OJ.ld ;r1.¥-fiin [01 mean 'one Wtll~[ :&me@;(]s dough', ]~IQwever! Hafi!Cilh. UH1JJ .H(lJj~tr sa)"s in o,'l "I nlkhe.es cd R(ib~t."

flhm 'id S;~I~'hi hes ~ilid ~n :hi$: ~O'h:''''~ ~~l cd W(U~~'J lh_j,'~ (nis .Im;(l'ettll ~~ ~Un a1Li(J~helrt[i~ a1fHl is !LIUkl:kOWtl, I~ is net pe.nIJii8sib]e IVO ~$~ il :UTI ~'\1jd~filjcG. Na,w.~wj hns BmW s iiid, ~.fl S'I;"turJ\! tIl M:ultoxkJhoJl dHl!l i~~r!is: badee!th rus, w¢:!_'l_~ or ~.;~ib-;ei ~~ ba:s, no basis . .l'

H[~fid]] Ibn Haj;ar also s~Y's ~aile]':

~ U~!~ ,~I S~J!!lh. ~t~ sa.id dn~t ~n~~y OOlon·Ambs hiJ'~ ac~~d ~)[!Ij ,'Ms (c]eiFIJc.hill:g tbeir 'fi~~s as t!10ll~h 'k.__'Ii~~.~~i'"g (~iI.~h)... TI~li$i i s ~aillU~m.m;mt to i!!'ScabUshi illS a, ~(}slU]lC i n $c~l~~ th~t h~s ~~o !feJ~u;[O~~!~IP I~O< ~[ whl'l i21Jn l'uamulteINiI:ic l~urlet1~/~", E'v~\Ll .if Ute .fJll'ijg.elh was :i'IIllthe:ntjq;: 'tihjs, is ~~\i)'i, 'ir~s

.... - '" ...,'! ''iiltji I.,"'- ....... ~.,._... "'''" ,_. __ '''' ..... ''' ... :;;: ,,.""" 0'1"'11 _ .. 1[;j,~,i !'II.e\!;!U'~II:~; ~mJ'~ i'II:~,'JJI,a .~:I .~n~"" {;H:.,_' IlJ! .LI'mu ••

A.fl,~l. qaet i fig a poem [10 :PfCI~ his 'PQi,~l~ ,fibo" [ I~~t:e' COft~ct' meo;r:lJi~~,g of tile wMd ~(fji/~'" 'Ibm al Sail,i!lffiu gQCS, om, ~Q :$..;1.1 111;at. ~he 'p<l(a'~rne ~O be understood ~l}o!Jn ~(,lj.'I~' (t~le 1,100'1, 'from which the ~'V'Ord. j,(:l(UIl~.'; hi. deriuved) is the heavy l.eCIJnim.g (]!n the hands ('[palms) I :.o(i]" SiIiJ,:p.~=C11'j! not the cl~~CJ~]ltg of the 'filsts.

1.64,

165

Chapter 11 Tash'aJ:Jh'lld

Some poop~e ~r:-g~c '~]~at lu fCfs'!.~(,i~ln~(l ''i;Mt· s heuld read ~~I~r~

~,A.rmfal.1Ui .al:a al Na}})'iYJ,l (poe-ace be UP@j)iJj the ,pr,·uphet)1 .r,~the.r vman

,.

.• il!! I , .. ~ i ~ J~ iIJj!li;,I_ . .LI·I i;F'" ~.'~ ~ i ,~

;l,As~'alGl~iUl~ {i,'iaik'a: ~yyt~/Ula 'Q~' NtJ,hf,'P" (peso;: be upon yo~ 011 P1f-oph~O" "(116)1 q~{}1e; the 11tJt1(J,e:lh m A"bduWilab bio M~~SlYud &tS ~t~too by M~jab]d. j11 B~lkjhillri. 'l~he lmdeeth endl~ 'w~~]ITL ~he ad(ji,doru~ru 'wQJtd~; ~IT: Is: was l't1hle he. WH am "1l1 g, US\j IbIIDJ~, aft:e.r

hJ~ halill h ' , ~' Il~ " .,"'." ,~'.JI l " .. ,- ~: ..... , --,"II. "'ifIL, ,- -: - -,~- ~

________ ' _ 00"' il!a.~J~~1m .away ~~ S3:I,U !i,fl-s.~6~'f1'.~~ JJ.,Il~e QfliF'ra:L!IWI[f

~~pblin__Sj ~'p~~.g ,[filion the :",r,l)ph~i ,g, {ftla 6,~' Na'l),ils, .,'

l~

-~ -~ndh Ja~al 'U I Deen MIll ~ \V,ri,tes ;,n his 6'1 M,,I, j,',amr akr ~~d~~ ~jt~ J~'ad(1t!dJ: 01. S,~,~yidnD'IJa ,A;bd.ld.lah. bin M.as'~ud '. fsom M~jaill]d~

! M.ul;!mr; Wlot ,~.,gJiic~(i,e! (lfii~~~1l ins tI~ nd~ill;ionD~ ~o,utl; IniB) be~ruJse ~hi's, W01J]ld m.eftlil lhm fm ,~~lsk,t~JjJmd ,afif.ell" lFnJ~ PtfJ\Ph~[.~'s ~, d~~h. WI~S, d·Jtl~remilJ[ to tha~ o-€ his ]:llre~i~ll:le., ilfl!d tthi8 is cmllih'ilry (0 what :IS pr.aclb.ccdi b, aU ·ru;u!J wh~[ has. kC[g, iD1:)3j)~~ Jjl1l tll'Iliif;~'! nUJrrm~h:m~. t,\'tm I,~ ~Ild 'U1lI:llM .. wotdd teach ~'41,pl~ l~j;;l~~bh,~ g;llriAIl ~he, I~Jime elf dJeffir' '~~~~~h .m ;~e m_JU1.e~' Il~t h 'was rooiJ~ed _ d!lUi~ U~e P1mvh~"~ a, 1llllrC'tHne. U!::.~I (1\ tiS~lt1tllJ!'~ aSa"k~ a-JJinih~ al Na/),fJrj~). • - .

,Aill]~mah ,Allwar Shaih Ka;s:t:urui1J~jrf ,~ays as ,qIl!D.'~red 'by Mtd[[13.ddi!lh S!t;abboo]" AhlliliRd Ut~Thn~tlJl~ i ~,J1rn, h i'$: !c,o.m~-mi~l_ry of' Sahech M~HiJhll! l!,a#1; (1.& ,MI:d.hill~':

~']:t" :seelilfls ~lIla[ ll1lds dilfferen'l woming (t15sa.i-Wfru al{a al Nabij}y) wa~, nol wld:~pooad, i:li~'loJa\l;S;~ tlt~ S"tlh~b,alt bec:alJ~ ,it, 'bSJs, ftLO, been passed 1~Ii}W;1:1 ![from tlti;eJllIt ibnl ~1as~~d. .' ~alcll ~]]Sl (o1rnp.aui.Of]lS, tOO.~bI111c same

167

,r'iJiiu!d'llll:ttJ ~g. ollll~' ~\'if~ ~ die WOrdill~!, of, (A. ~'{)i,(llt1tlnl ~f'6ik(fJ) ,Ilfl;e.r the :Pc0.ph~['s fa de~~'h! 'llu~J d~dl not oJ;uu~ge. ~. $iIDl~t W\OFl1i af h. H~ w~ b~J'i,1'e relilted n n fhe uUi;$1JIJ~ i' nfJrn:,a.~~on of 'I mam Abllll-lanirah aboUJ~, die hohHug 1Jif. lhe hliJ:l!ll J-\niI~. r IDlJ·f~Ij!11l1nl(.~n tllmur bin aID Klltau~b also tEL'IlI;gbE. the lluha/jir.~'1,d wilb ~w lv{'!liding. ~A&.f(,ilml',i (l'aik!C,( 10 (Ifi£: ;atbJ.':ring of S(j/~;QbaIJ and nJbi~,U'J from ihe nrim'Wr. This praetlee !being :paa~ed do'~1I;IU suc'Ce:isiveJy f:ron) ,gcn~ralinlill hl genOnll:iml is Sl-OBl-, ',of lil:,u h 'wa Ithe h·t kili,oIV'D md n:,' ~ 'wide]y :1", etis ... "d (1 ntowgst them (So~i~.~'~:~ ,*,l. FUr;m~liM·p1O.~.. 1'1l~ h: r~m d ilffu"ili';e('i!oo grarn'bmrMicO:.i~ ~y in p ilie sayi DI! (.rusalmmj· ,daika' OJYYl,ho; al NQb,iy~~~~ penCe be upon Y !lIlh Propnc') s.ihntb' ~Q, $,.'klh. WllH·SI. !bel.n,g ph)tsicaUy distnm fL'OIIU min: Prnphet .9 am~ :~1]5' m " 'id, and 1[:1; ;::myiD,§; lt ill ~hc :s~m~ fOrt]l ,d.f~)~r b~s. d)Mlt~ B"+ • .t.-'i.31

. . ' _1l.Jlhld li~h Y lFuf 1.1 Biilll~ I~OI\l"; "V i IC{' ':W! h is commentar- of TiM(;Ii·i!:I1liIj. [tla~,~v ,d Sunl'.i-~,

'1l1~ ,ef;~"I!bl;s~~d, 111nlta~wm'r i~an1U~U'fl1 from 1 fiI Mns'ud -. ] is 'qm{J!tcd pro"..u:;HLCe llh It . as. been passed down SJiJO-oc ~i\i'e~~f ie the degree of la~,. a/!' r,. ;~lId 't~ i,i; cSti:a:b,! i/hed "YI,rord i il i [I! aU lh-' na:rraticmo: J 'jJ"f~rn moili'~ Imium tt'il\~IUr S~.m,b(,~~r l.fliro ,~I'I de~'IDIT' e'W~de,[A~S that mJling st~lm!Jf wi'I:1tb the \'foro (lif address (A.sstdamlil' ~dailm t.r!)1!f/I{J ~i NofJiy") is Ollie: (slfi~1l~{~i~.

Fu rthermore. this hfJd~efli' has been narrated from A1D~lAn9h b~ n Mi~S' til I by r'mOl'Ifa ~hSiI~ l \\~~LUy !l!ill'rillO'B, We do not see rhh; .addit~I(}:rla·11 WQrdhlg ~IUQted abo\1le· frOJIH Mujahmd iti B!lJIlk 13r.il) that does ilO] confi; n to Ill' origl n;Ltl bUrl actmtll, eban W[ in -'ray of rmDrucsc Cht!JII1S except from M~lj8hid~ It i~ clear, rln:ereifo:re •. tl[~J thls ,8;dd.~da;n. ean rm~ 'be ;&Cce~t~d, e!ipeeiaUy :since we haVie seen 'l~flCii. naflf~~{Jts, d i.l~gotm dy to. ke mln:to caaside .• Lion f n m1)~ ~urat[o:Jl of ~a$l~(Jl~.I~~d} e;\'oo ilId~Yidt! ... I, le~le(· ~t1e:h 8!l· • v., allot ~ .. Af:f.:an "~~!ilIIIl) ",. Ho~\~' C(}uJt~ :S,lJJdi til grr:en~ dtari~ have: es~~p.oo, IDI ~em.? H 'CIIU I)' (m~ Flnrlii.~O\r of" ~ h~ o,dib~ or Alqam,an ~ad ti.~ppos;ed " IU· a,h1d1 .. ill thlf. llu,uatiOl~ ,0[' l~lC:;:'i1 "yonl~,; i~ ~'U'~~ldllave boon s[lJLfficicnn m t '0 aoc:~pt l·heIl1. '~hal i·s ( . I • ~dIlj I~he~, if it j O[lpo.sed. by dme w.h,oh; gtOI!lP 0 I Iilru~rnlo', s" i\ Iqall1!oo • .Abu al ,As~"o.d., Ab~ i~J Affi]wns!, Atm W·ail~ Al.J'u U~a~d1ah'I' .'fW I~~~ OIlU,H8. '~111 nm'l'Ut'e I~e' a mll c: JUJ;dCf'~il Ole]r nii!.H~lil~Ofl' "Ie iJllD dihl StJr.e~JI 'book~. or "loa rill) fiuoru Ab, allah bin ~ ,a~ IUd ~ 'w~thou~ I 'I - nddihIDH:r1 I 'WQMS re~rt~ b)' Mlljnhi.d fOOl11 Abll Ma' m~r fr.-ona Abdu:1 ~ah bi:n M,; to; 1I~ -t~

.1.68:

,I 'tJ~He\~e - .amd Allah kalc·w~, ~~e~.[. ~ ~h~l '1Illb;, :ld(hlion olt' ~1l1jru1im~ i:;; possi.b"ly hri:-. O~Yn ~d.~ptiOill of Ibn Abbas's &> pel'$Ol1la~ ij~,il~(}d. because he w,~s one al[ hm" C'.I(t~~ eU·ri!lpaftlriQOSc. Sn eed ()jin M'an eor q:li.lt tes Aitlu U~:tm~ h who. re nrts I'~it limil huh:"f ,Abdl!!dhlh billt __ ilS' ud ~ mentioned ~hal thJ~ Prop'bJoe1 tFj·lilJUShi theiU11. ~ti:ih(jh~rild. Hie. milJirntred d1~ y.~Q3tJ t(!l$hi'nlnld' ~~on. '!j,v!li 01, lbn I\bb il ~~id'. "WI;;, I.E ed 0 say A£ft;lhJ'lfU,( JUai:t6 A;wc..uli'an NlIbJl"Y when .he Pr-o.:li1lf2t 1(1 l~,aJS .;aBli\J!c·,;; IbJt~as~'lIJ • rep'~jed. "''''hi~ 'is ~10~, we we.re HH.wg, I~ :itnd thi' is !ttO'W '~~;re wUI teaeh, ~ ' .. r.Ms ·qllii'le cletull:y s1hQw:s ~lml '~]~is ,,,as Ibn .Abba .:' s· ~ ijriil(1:d and Ilbn Miis,':ud did 'U()( [;'!1Jre.e. " ith 'b~] 1. n' is q_uhe pO:Mibl~ 'th~r.efore. mhiit ~jaJhi.d m'm:' 'lW"v~ !IlI().:I!lo,~~d bi~ t~~I~f~S ijdlulii. 'fbI), .A.bbru; ... Ml.tij~.hid" A;1;~i ~~tI.l·bD J~[~j \' ere ~M resi,denlS of M,ak.'k~; Wllld. i~ WID; dlere lhtrt I~te)' 'l~read ~h '~r kn~!w~~~. (ill ~hi's 10 .rtio1;l~i1r 'lUIS" c~'I't1~II) ~here :is IilO one' who ag,r.ees '\ I il.l:li ~b.cT1ll Iron'! the peolpJe ef M"dh 1t and Iraq, n,d,~ the ~n,cUvidmd frutld ~ 01iUcdar '_ '!2:wtS 0: L~ . l1!sopie of M'a,kkah are ,IliUm)!.. (SiFJ!]"L ~f Ille]l~ '1t1i1l\re: been dlscussed C811i1·i~.' I~)his ~hOll'J(l ~e consillered ene oJ [hi!;m.

Be.o;;.ide.f.;- .MII,I~'brkl·:s 0'\'Y.11 other n;lCrahron s rccunloo. ~Iy Muslltm_ d '-, not COJ1l1ii1!~U Ih'~s ood~~.it.m. :i'~" eems, there :o\re, '[iI: t . ~11~li le.s 'he wQ.uild ,add '!.~~ W(lj:'d:'ii .rrom hi~. ~},\!, n ijrii!tUl arnld ~u Q~h~r l.i.!Jl10S .Il-~'\Ie them out mI'U~t~lmg wH~ tile! IM,giL1;d nml'.8J~iOL1. Iml 'lIiorit;, ~he$e u"O.uhl are I'!r t of Ibn ,·I'.s !Jd 'I 'll f of' SOIOO, ae ·nfter I.,im. \ "·mwi, I·.~s ~Urjbuted Iitlem (0 M~jah id aud ,o~h~r ~ilini 1m;' '1il3rrators in, hi MP,IShkj,f. (I' Ar:uha·tlr.. a Il~ this j 9 ~~ct h~ n~y ~i~'?!I; I'

~~e i ;lJl.:.] dd"

IlUI short, ~_he II.tJ,d~1!lll· 0.1" [bu Mas .. 'ud and Ibn Abt.Hctr.S .~ lI~: :1rn3l1,'Tated 'by dl'C wlhgl~ [4lro-UrPI is itr mClre wO'l1'h,l~ thun ~ht:= p:m1'cllll:u .n~!1Ifu,; ~~(n~ of ii11 :imd;v:l(h);:m~1 (Muja.Wd} ilIilbo~u ~~"'hom it c:an~rot b ~ .l:"'fC~rt~iJned '!fliLe'lner ae said th.ese add:ilion~[ \, ol'd'- fi-mllis own ij'"ih,~d or a,clu~lny rq:u,Qte~ ~~"IC~l frlQ(nl I'hos~ b(l:fu~ h~l'f1I,.M~roo.,rcJ!, ~l'ie !Other Sr1'fjom~1~1 ~iD.Cb a~ Abu lBa'k'ri 'U:I1'iIk'li[ Abu ~a·e<oo ~L KhIUdd'I' MI.H3,\tl;.y~'hi' :S~:dIlliIJD~, Abu

M'lkn~ Ai;.h I •. nd Jail ~ UI ~l~lt 'h~ ;ru/10MLd \Vlth l~~ e ',am

'i/,vords 'a'S Tefmi~cd from. Ibm ~ 3}; "tI~ ~ by a, Larg,e 8r-mlP" of rnm-taE.m. _ •

He fi;l~aJly ,conc1udes~.

• ] hcrcJof&. it (I'b! It. i(J ,i/~ of I,blll Ntd~~ud with fh ~ woru~

jAJst~i(j,~rIU lmiaiilo' ay}v'h~' lX' Nab,i;~:y.·') .Ds llHore \Vortli.y.' 'Jf be.~~~ !!Dcr;;:eplli/

,A_s~ad reports, ~A'bt1uUrdl {Ibm; .~lastudJ) '. Wr(j'utd 'tea~b 'I!I!S du,~ ,;fill,ahlJod if.' ,mlah:~ 'He, \ti([luld ID"rr'e~t. 'WI, 01 . 'lif aliidJ Wa'w,.l'~~

S:ome mrfbo;dtlUhff'" ,tlaV.~ .ac~pte-d AJbu UbAjd~~lls 1l!{u:letJ',h from ~Ii s father Sa:yyldJILI na .A.bdIilJll ~b b]]it Mn.s,'i'llld ,*'- Drurn;q,u~]].i ha~ ~c]amd AJbLl Ubaidab',s (JJuM~(1edJ' r.rilm h;~~J 'flither' !S' Ibehlg ~aheoeh.

Dl1ri~~, ~ws eft1 ipr~a~e· S ar.)d~una 'U'mttt ., Ilil~,gh;t t~le ttu,~l'ohlm'd te, the people [(:om ~be mi~9tbar of Ras;uhjnaJ~ €8 w.~th ithe woNs (A$Nl(lml~ aldtlifcJ a,}/.j"~'litQ (J,g N'db~y'1) ~nd dC$pJ ~~ rhe preSeiiUe of

~h.0 SahQb(1/~' >t m~ cln.e dJsBtp,lllro'Ved -h 41'1 ' ,

.~f t~le wor-ds (Assa'lo$i~~« 'll(l~"k(;~ O)]}'Llna I(I,{. Nablyy) were 'U'I 00 cThHm,goo ,tlf.~e:r tlile ,P.r,o$lhef'~ ,£I, de:~~ ~Jnen I~he~ should have also

"bee -I d ~ 'OJ -11 • ,. th }' I.' h' d ~ h"

'." -:- - -:-- -,- 'I "i-.,i; .-' .. '-1 :-:::- .•• - -f- . ,-'-_- ill -1-:-- 11 - '., -.- ·"c --:- -, -~ -, I~

" _ .~'t1l1 C_~,3:u1,!Je-,_ . JiO~ t lO~:e w ,0 were re:c~tm~ ., e ,ro.,r IQ' ,tt ~n ~s

,mllltJ.S,e4'loe dllldnlt h~s l~:ife~hn~i but lilli,s was I~~vcr ~lhe ease, 'N e d]~timC!tllOliiI, w,a:s, made ,~bo~t the Pr'@ophel ,[I beirnl\il :9JbLte ~o ~jerur ~~}e s .. dQiPt,l: em ooillrug plieselfl't ~il the. Yi,eh~~lty", zrnd, Ith'is, s~oiU.ld. abo, be the ease i.lltet' lt~s d)e~th 8.

Q~s.im biml Mu,halfltlllld niDT,fites rI'Onl. ,~ls, ,mnt Amihl, dud: ~Jfte'11 :N~ilJtiilll:1 ,rDs1ltiljll~iud sl~,~ '~i!lIld ,silt1f' Alsala\tfjlll ail.flit,Q' a_'Y'!rdt!:' al ,N.~i' ,,~'ml

The: wo:r-ds (AJ'jalaHt~t: aldiktJ, Cl.y}iuh,~ at: ,NQ,b,tY)l) ,aJre ,'nr~ta.';{~I'r wn all the taslM'll-hud8 P{tS~ed down 11,0 'Us; from ~llinIe S~habah •. T~lJ~y ca~.not: be: eh~ngid beeeuse of ome, !1~((tld;i: :nwiltion sl!!l~h as t'at of M1:]Jj a;h~d, fUle ful[~:ns.e]jf' does oou. ~nernlJtjo'n th~e (:'hao!ed Woo,rdis ~miti :!iQme ell ai~'~ ~~; !ex'!#ia~Ded ,a'b!Olve.) G-"~8t. ¢~' was ~aloo ffi:n l1l~t1Wfl si ng, pre~~""ing a.nd cOlil!v'e}l'i:ng Ithe words o:f tas'a/Jh~d 8~ mmucb 80 1!'hiU '[be :proo'eSs, ~u;s, 'OO~Ll d~e:scriilJed; Iby Abdu[b~h 'b]n M:fIlfi' ud ~ is ~dn~U:ir b~J ~h(l!t of lcMtlin,g ~tl(J ,prec&er.,lng ths Q'Ul.1all. Tll,ey '~ere eVfJll p,aut1'ic~il:a]" ,aJb@,1I.Q.'tt hl!d!iviid:l![I)al lettoo[';s ~ud. '~oo. not wUlin,g ~!O ,aocoWDoda!~e ~n:y change. Ltnsiffl M~Juul1mad, l1~s mentiioned, hI h~8 nml~i~~ of .]:m~[n Ma1 i k' S, (J.~ M:~'~~w~.t,t:a$5 i~h~t Sla,~(y,~,dll1mla, AJbd~lah b~n ~iasJpdl • 'wo1,lll1d djg"li"ke~jh-e acld.:~non QI~ d,eJi0~1QfiI of: ,~v,en m ~m~g;le. leuu ~m t'U1h,al~/~'luJ,

~ B~lil' ~~ ~rULQI,ed 'br ,~bn llfijaU' ~n U~~k{r~.mi' &;rwaitJ' ~~~ !a«f,W 3~,'i', I~ oo-ds ~ll~t _, i,~~u.r,~' :i£. $(J'I~(dJ. Hddh H~dUuu'i1ru 2),1.4, l WI~ d!edl~~ it Ml1~'f,tJ~.

~~' MaUk ~U4~ .[]nitDl Shaifioo :un aJ. mSfti,(j'~ ~,:~,akim 9'-19, BMlu'1)l;JI~ zsar. 68, [8~ihMJi ~,ill ,M"llI'U~~' ~i' ~~nflfj 3/5, ~Oi\ 3~S:5.

17.0

C- lh- '1-12-:I I,a:p,ter ',2

Th« movemem 10£ tbe ,iin,ger In tash,abhpd

Sa vwjduna ,Abdunah lbil :al Z'llbawr '. nSll'll\U r[~,~t 'Ih~:

I~ ,~.

lPl"'~p!Jlet :ii, wO:llIiWd, :pQ:int ui.th hilS, :fitng,tt when be

,pr,a~ed Ind, h~ wjJKdhf mo~ 'm.,iVe: ilf.. .;~~

Tliie w>QroJ ng of this I~'ll,d, ".fjd~' ]'tlirom1,~ ~!;i '~h~t ttru~: ~ffflU)~t ,(lInt¢'1 lee '0&' ~he Pwp.tJl,eit ~ "'IItU 'II@ merely pol:fIlJl wi[h Ute n ngelli' i!lnlld IIIiI!O~: move it This ls titnie correct ~[nJd, ~stablhd:}~di .fumUltlh o,r n]~ P,rophet of ,Ana~)1 8, t~,~t '~s reoogni~oo aad 'loU awed b'y I~-:t~e majc~~~lI of rile ,!'I.mninli'.

Cf;r~alll lfJeQI),Je" ho:"'cve['ji oiclloose t.o centinue mQiviJIg, the Kin,g:c:.r in

." I.,! .J it;. 'iii",!' 'I 1 ,. '" "]' "I 1., • . .

Jt~ts'1l'lt(;f.r~\~,~U{-I.~ f~~mi"iJ,nl 1~1 lail t 11!S: ]:5 ,~',!lJ,mai-i. in !O.v!ye-nc:.G' h~e;y "':JJ~~ ~,wo

mla~ltI~Ltnio'm$1 UDe ,00 the ~]iiI [hOfi:I~~' of Sa;yyWhma w~]] Ibn Hujr 4t 'and lhe ol!u~r fro,m Sayyi d~nta lb~ Umar A eI,o&'~ ~ook at both. rra_j~~dOi~S. wi'l ~ reveal Ula't tbey are 1~ GiJu:ilromic ~ban [llite ~iOOflj,fe' 11',(1cle'eth,I allild th~ir ~m~~nhlg'~ es !.!lnd~ttQoo ~]fld ~pJ,~~~m1IIe.d by ~}le AI~dt{Jillli~'h~nl" [he V0'f,)" people who ~~Iave, recorded ;and tr"~[ls;mi~ted d'We;m~. is dli.fa;oolrl to t'b~t whk:11 '11~ oommon'I~' consrrued 'b~ people who meke ltj~ .ii¥rj~~u~d. read h~g of ~;bese ai~l{ilie.,~d~,

~ i Say,. ich,Hla 'W'~rul '[b;~ Hw.j{r ol~ ~a,ys, (Q,wa.r(i$ the ,e:~~ IOJf IiL hnl,g~f hoii~'I.h'~ "Hie ,(the; l'},i::o:,ht~ _. J doc~ti.lull, '~:WO 0'1' 'fruis Onge(lj's a~iLtli lrnad!8: a, eilt"e.h! w,itiw tlh,~M,. IRe IOliell Uf,~~d, lIds :nngff ,mnd I S;l,W' brilll~ lilu,.Y,~ng, i~ 1'I~ayi,n,G wifU~ ~t l ~oo

'1~ Abu, 1la~~ ,;}.s9; ~~l l 1"10 , Aib~ l~w(lll1t\h WZ6 . I)ar ,~'I M~~lri'~hll loo~f~ion. Be.irut.), B~ih3fji ,2:786, ~Ilrll~agha~""i 67,6. .bnm;rii1' N'lm'aw~i ,h~~s tkcl~d [1 !if~'heth hI his: a~ MQjm~ ~I ,1/4S~,

~ Ah .ciI '1~~1 ~':a 'r8W1 & [268 a d Ib - Klh1--l~' iLial 223 IbJ~ KSu.J~~lmah ad(b:

' ,: Jlli1i11l ' ,,', ,., ~Hll, :- ~).l;L ,n, - 'II· n 1-', .", !:t __ ' -_ .',-'

{!jlmr ngating me IJ(f(j,eeth, ·fhi3re is JilQ rnentiUl1lJ Qf 'Ike \),IO~S ·mo:~,jl~g; '~l' in, ;'J;t\,~ ~~iEiO® ~~ce,p,t thi~n~kl.'t~, by, Za:[.dii1m.

'fb~:s ie~[ra \~'O<mhlg of Ut~h~r1'.ikt~Im), :m;o,villg :i:I'i is sk:C1Jadlj. M)~n;y ffl]iable n~lors [~avl~ n~;,o.rtOO. I~b~s, had)~'€:tll: b~l Il]]e.y have aot me:lJJtioned w.ese wolds 'Oof mO'\fl1~g Imb~ fiug;~r· Oll]~.r eM naaa:~~li.' !h!t~ done se, The ,o:t:lletr ab,alieellt OIl. ~;fu~ :SU[)Jec~: of pCi\lll~IDlg the 'fi:rnger 'i n ,~tlcs/!ahlHI-d moo' do I,ot Met1tti~~, ;u(y' m!D'Veime[j,~; '~r,Jj fact tl' is tarego~ieaJly denIed h~ the 3ItlltfJ.'el~ liade,e.·tlz 'Oif ,~la,yyid"DIll~ .. AJtn:lwUtm. ]bo a~ lull.it : . CIDuolled e;ol]ie:r, 1::heLrefGre~, tbi'~ ex~ a WiQ~d i III 'o,f' .l1:\Rhitln'"iJl~h,a). ~~rntD.O'vjn.g ~t ,. ~~ si1·o,(J'dh •.

• S~;fya;1l aJi lltarw,ri repo:m; b :oo:m ,AaSrnf:tiL h(IA Kulmb as reomrl1ed by A;bdllW'W '!R;az;zaq b~. his Ml,sanmar~ and T~bar"dnm,.s~o

.• ! Sb·~y~bM. :1"~~u1:s, U. 'Wr!lO\[iillJ A!i'ls~m. lbi~1 KJUj~~ib ~S, recorded by .A~m~d i' ~ I, 'Tab8lrtllll' S'I ~ ed Ibn K 1n;lz~jmmll, S Il

-. Abd~U~h bin Idr'~l 'a1 ,A ,wadi repal1;S it "~om AlAsim 'bffil, Kli~J~lai.b aJs recorded by Ib;mTh M·aj,DI. ~,~4

"iIf'1.., L._",,- I' ,~iI' ~. ~ ~ - ~ -. .. . ~ .• - ,f:! . - -

me ;aw\"~ (l(~ueetr,~ 1 s repo(ated by ,Aa8~,~flJ b~l:]. ,Kalarlb rrom ~ ts fa(Jliber

fronl S,qy~th~fnl 'W,ad I, 'bin H.1Jlljr. \, A. ,1.000, :~]rtl mber' of InliUft'llOltS (~ls~,ed, bellOW') l'el~te it 'from Aisim bin. Kld~~b. Hm~eve.j\ from :aU rhe~e 'D~"[Y Z~1da.h bilQ Ql!IIda:_m~ :rep.orts: th~ extra worn"dJi.ng Cif (yul~tlr:rU(tllM) '~:mOViR8 if'.

• Lullaillll' bin M'!la"~'iymru rep-O:lts lit: 'from: Aas~m bin K.uiaj;b as .rec[)m~d b,· AhmJaid:5.,·s ~nd ~r8ba.-.alli~ S,h~

.' Abu A.w~mih :re[JO.r:1S h; .from .Aiiil~,im. IMn KuLai.b a~~re-coMed b:y

Taba1l'8Jl:li.5 u"v ~

Ii Sll! fy an, bin UY{1L:YUil'* If;port! it '(WID A~S;,~l'l, b:~1t1 '~JI]~~:b !1j;S :oooorded. 'by A~lna·d .. WI . : .. ~mai.(H,~' N,asaim.:500 and Tab~r.mTIm.»~'"

, :KfrlmUd bin .A~,H1iUUSl1\ .all W'uJti mpol1::s j~ foo. Aa:8]!Il'l b~.n l\.iJ]~a ilb as rectntded, ID~ Baj~aqi. SCffi

.' lB:i.:shr b~ill~. al Mllfadfuul reports H .fr-cm .A~ijhu. bin Ktlla~b as reoo;rd1Jed 'by N.asai.~I~' ,~nd Abu D,awood.5M

.' 'Q~i!, bin Rabee" r-e,Ofts i'~ 'frorn. Ms]m bir~ 'KJul:Aill~" es moord~d,

b, l'abarrani. u, -

AU of tlble abo'l'~ narrators, ~~nv.·e tOOp~ijted this Jladee'lh fOOl]) j!<-\:as~m bin k~'~ajlb but olf!)'ly l~r~th. '~11k, of l~.he ~21"ing "'Re p-o,]n~ed 1JIv'~tlh ~is fortfi!n.J~,~t' or '~'He poi nted wooUlt :~lis :f1D:refi Ilg~~ ~J1d pli~yed with it ~

.w~, .A.i1lmad '1 S3'9.2, m .1.11i!1in1;;)1Cdi. S 85-, ~) N'3]ij._a[ 11-63.

~ Tl~b~ni in,trI M[~""m OIl KtIhtFt' 2c2ll3., ~ Ba.m~j, 21a;~,.

~'Tflib~m1fd in .~' Mf.(;]om (1l~' lC~"~"J'" W33·, "wI .A!Iim D;r,w~od al ']'a)'{di!5~i [oall

oc.g T!li'b~i i:n .(11 MU·.];t)jIJ ~I.' ~(ibtf.l"p '221.34,

'N01iL~ c(f' them wprui, from Za.id:aJ~1 'blil'l [Qlld~Ull~h ha VG re:p'Oirt,~d llb: ' ,e.xfflm wo:rdj]]~: of (YIlIAal'rlLl#iuJI:) 'im,o'Ving if'. 11~]:s addition is therefore sllaarJ'h andl cannot be acce,pted especially since mt is cleady [c,QI:UraOJlcted by [he saJf,ere,lf ~1'(ultu!t"i I, - f S~,)'yidur a A,'bd u]la~] bw~ ~W Z-uba11 • which calegcrical'ru} negtltes Ithe m01Y,ement o,:f' ~ll,e. ' ~ngef ,and a~b~o by the; silence of all ~1~e. orthe;r ai'('Jdeelh en the .1IJI~ject of poi[lming tile 'n:'Ig,e.r i n ft1sh(Jhb',~«I" sud] ~~ those o,f .s~Y'" jid.l!IIli'i(U .Ibn Un'i!ru" , S,. yidufll1\ ,Ablll~l~mrur al Sit~d 0 and. Sa},!\i'l[lu~~,a NUHlair al KhltBIZli,:. '_"

" . bw :h Jo not ~enl'io~~ anyllhing, llo[ :f\~'" n& '-Je ~h~ OOllillL'arnJl ,mOV~lnc.H'l of the Anger"

It should also, be remembered Illi.~l Sa}.rylduna w~n Ibu l;'[ui,[" • ~Iwa'ks, of ih.'a,vi.ng seen Irhb;, aCl]Qn of ~b~ Pro[[).l'1let 0 once, as be says, In ~he be:,gjnn~ n,g of ~he lowilig JI'(uJeetf~ ~'I saw.", .. ' '. On '(I e other Ilmnd~ Sa;Y:ltiJduna Ab ullah lbn al Z'ubair _ has repQirted the perm~m.e]1 plaCrice of ,th_: "rQ'phCL I •.•. by cmpkrying ~h \vo,rd \Y,o·\~[d t' t lttOli;t ~if .

2. Sayyjduntl bnI mar :$ narnues lhat, tb.ie Pr,o.lpl1J~~

~ ~ e 'm -.~ _ ~nt lol' "'11 ,. £u ':-1~M in piIl'B,y.er' rr:~gt WillS: aw.a(y SliBiaitan' . s:u

h'jJill~ln '8" ibaqi, bas dee.~Me.dJ t;h[s hadeedl dlj,~(!tif (\\!eak) sa}fing, r] ~'h' ordy [~I.' ,an 10 n~timt . this, is, Muhammad bil ~ ~ .. mr ,aJ 'W,aqidi Ind he, i ~ot ,Qutheiiuic. i Ha:fidh 'mb-n. Hraj r, Ha'fl'lh Suyuli and t. ~UI~:I,W] all!)D s(:~y thaJt j~: i . ,d'haeef.

hnflll'al"- ad bin [Iarlb'~'~ ha· branded the ~.b ve rUlnatO,li'; lV~uhammad Ib~rnli Amr al 'WaqMli, aJ, U:fU"~ and. mho a~ Mf!J(hn~, has accused hill] 'of fabricating J,.l'(J,tifmt/J,.S'2l;

A]1amah Abdu~ l-Iayy 'Lue_kbnawl: writes in al Sr:a: ,>(Iii:

~S\lly.i,ui, hji1Xi 1~1!".o-ted tbis, n8frrali,01fb 11,mbn Umill,T' .·n Inis (!.ll(mfi~ or.

S~,gh eer and ~ '~dbed, iJ~, LO ,B~iha.qi, A'lizJ. s~(Ys ~n hl co.1IumEl;el1l~a'ry of

aJ J,(j'~i'ij (II 5'$lute'~'1 ~'I'ls kmad ls dlJ(fj ,if" Tb. ',~. 'rdk'l, of th~ Sb~i11~ ocb,'~I~ i (he desiilr,~'bmty o:r Hfttin,g dl~' fij'rlg,er lvjtlumt '(oonr~OlBt.1ll1s) JlIl;O Vie fnent,'"

, _ V 'I'm if~ fo:r SL~8mn~lrt'~",s, eke we ace l)!t ! I~~O movemem ot:t ~~." finger' iu '1111 'Q. IfHlnralruons, W@ wJ[ 011'11' take, uch wcrd~ [[0, onlv refer '10 tb~ single movement of T¥J&~i 'lg lite finger in t:a;rrha,hhNd. Thi~ is, the 'Vel)' axpl!~m3ifion sj~,en b)~' (be mtUl;~(Jddltl;.m,

]llan~it{li wl]Q .hIOS lUI rated. both h{:1}deet~,~ in hD., c~nec~:i~u btt~ expllainoo, lheh(uj,~e~h. of Sayyidun~ \W~j~ ibn ·lHujr. in the fum' owin,fLf -- amner: 1;1

. 'T ie mov<:~:n_ ~~[, rncn~:im:!Icd ,i~ I:his had6l/I~' ~)'rob~bl'y meanlS, 'U~~ 'I u]gte :poj'im~~!1lg of ~: t~ 6mg\ef,'~ nat ;,b; {~Ii~tlnIJ!!O'u:s - JrMlOllcmeRl. In ~~b, ~.,.. tlY Ii _ ~jh.e :Imlanr~fi t}~J . "vi 1m be i[ll ageeemem wi.t:h Iflne lUI&'· t! ~J~ of Abdlill tuh It..- -~n ?',--fI'o, .... ' •. _. U

Il,!'I1 .. J!. rld'lIr~ I .'

S]H~i~~JlnJI a~ ,H~d,e~l11, '4ouhma 'Zak~dy y ah also ,p~·ovrnd:t"S, ,3, sbm~i lar e~:Pl.[n:,~lu,o:m if) his, Arabic C011'lmeil.l'lar,Y of €~f M'l;U'I at1:a l\l(itik ,A,'wjQ{: (1;-

M,a:;'i!a!lr' a, 1;;J!i"ir ;e~"iJ!I.'!

. ·.1 JL"""Jhv 'i"tlnm1 !l]!iI'

~~ . ~,~OS[. o:f ~he ,lia[\M~·Itl~ of W,aH bhl ~J~jr ,4b l,,"OnIUQ'ilrb the "~ordj~~, . ~~'~IEI~~ 1.'1., Pfil~',[r,g 'wJ~h 1[''' :~It. Is qumite deaf that the ~.c~n ~pmll'il1g '\'!1:1th ~[ ~I~ an €!~~ttxD;t~niOD 0 ' the words "'l]mf'Vijn,~ it", and does f~i~ f.llie~I'Il arfI,~thh~ other lhs,n mt).'f,-cm~ji[ of tlte :tillle' at I;~I,C lilfi.e of p'Ojfiting.~ :4

mn, S[IUpport 'Olf' this he lit~er qlll,motes, from Kasiif (I 1<[ OlntnJ/,',Joli' '[h~l ~al.n~ld.u~ ,Abdul ~h mbn. ail Zuba.i-r ~!slCd I~G , fly t~bat the Prollhe~ ~ ~.1!I1~~ [111.0'1. rncve ~lS fore'fi I gel except a't [he [i me of' pointing.. ~f]d by ,pOl !il:tl ng the rumlg~1" l~~e ~ougfrtt to ~igJf~iiry . "inc-e~Ll'1")1' ~r~d '~h. oaensss of .A.l.iah;

. , "H~ also add d~A~ Imam Nas:m/ i:s also ;iim']ifled 1,0 1M~ ,in~,erpre~D~i{m. ~In .:1 Ufid~~", ~.' d by :Ule fact that he has i~st:~ud u cbapter he.adiug ~ n ]"dS Sm1Uljf.p, II.nled! 'The place to foou~ the Ie;yes ~~. salr_ih and the

roo vement of' ~:bc finger' btf[ !'iu:qprisiJl'l!g,lj-' ]HU not :inc]ud~'d the ht~'d~elh

[77

~f ~ll,:Or,ijl1g ~Ih;e hlU1Jg,er.. In fact! lliD.e has q~lot~d. ~~e· ·oon,tmslirlE: .l1,(lIdJudh of SI.yy!d U,[}3J Abdun~ll :ib~, ~'[ ZllIbl!l]f .-

l']le same ls ~n be saidl of th~, '1l10veJIle~U'l' .rt1JeM~Qne,dl ln i~he ha{le,etl~ O,f Sayy~duf:ia ·I.'!u, thna ..& quot,erl·~afli.e:r!i t~18m, nit is in reterence In, the giill~gle ,lnO'ye,m~At, ~\f 'ralS:ing U~¢ flJ~le r' ~nd :put[~lng 'ill diowon a,gnin.

M~Jlmiadld~~l1. b~l~n Ah'rtIThiiid Sl:u;~pl~r:ij .r~rthe.r ~xplai n'ijl~!.S '~hi!jj rrecOlncm~m.km ro.f 'the {IJJtl(./ttl!lh!r wri,l~, 1'~] ~h;, Ar,abic (~orrWlenta.rr· lor Abu Da\v'O(HJ~ .I1.f1(lhl a~ Mad/~'f,;d:'

~ ~[l ths vi,e\\, of i he H3_nafi s.chQI~:!i' th~re is 00l1J dris:pii]ril~)! be~,~re~~ W~~ Il'WQ h.~tdl)'{1":}.~ (1tlI1C; ~'t!lJt.etll of '\V'~ I lbJl'! HIli]I" 4~ '~lil8l. ~liI,~esls, :~O'iJ(Ml'tei1i~. of ll~e fli~tg~r alm.d thf3 .lJ(!ul~J:h ef ,A'd!.~Jlnh lOll a1 zrtl~'~r 4 iDfllt~U d:e:r'lli.es irl .. )~ foj),li ~h~y Icl:aorify ~:un wllL'en p~illlling the '~l~g,er ~liJ '~$Ju;rJ~ht~tl Ollie sili'tolllJd ,~,~~, '1[' t'im, the [im~ la£ rnl~~~I'iun {~a:~iD8, :ta, :i)ab~ ;mh~re: !.~. no .~tOd , •.• ~) ,m:1d p~1: it down 0((1 ,~Jnr.ug~at;on (S.a'~I~ ~aaJI.tIJ 'llt~t Allaj~; .•...•. ). Th·is.,·j '~'1' t~1LC lrr,~hd~~& ~~d !;u:ldng dlrn.wlll !ij[ I~hn ~]n.gef' ;:s wh rut is re~cITed 00, b:V ; ~~[l!V~rn~I~t~ iill Ilh~ J~(J,flf!;fJlh. As. f@i lillIe O!e.n,iw ,of wi'l;l))~m'Lf:.mt r(jn ~n,e s~'~~ew lu:j!ifN::lh il.')!F Abdiill'llliaJJ~ Ibn R~ ZJLib~[r W'fIldhlilllrn:l~lt ~llfil:u;'iI"" thi~ '~S; pc::1t[lli ~d~ [·0 Uu~ C1);nt!lntlo~~ 11~m'jS'~'i:itGiU @l,' ~lrue fi ng~r a;s P[;1J,'C~~~· b)1' ~OJlfm of th~ aili al ttadee#!'~"~~~

_ Ibn __ i'i' AOJ.bffi ~l'yS in hls cotttme'llt3'ry ·of Ti·nm.idfti~ AjJi'i(lhaJ;r: at I1./~w,t1dhi1

~Bt':w~m of (.J]Ill£~;;urnt11 J:ntlliti"~g }~'C!.U[ fin.b~n IJI. Utsh(J'iJIIJfd.. .Do !llJGlt pay ~ny aJt~en:m]@" ~)O th e nQrn;uioJ~ or U~;biy,oo ~:(U il~ .i S ;jjL :rnot)'leJDl. .I am oow'I.Id¢recl b~' those; who ~~)" tbm 1]'1t.: mO'\f'€&rr~nt of: [fie §i r:I!~~r 1$ a ~lI~':ml' o,~ .~~,n~ ~g: Sl1lait-a n. KffiI!(I"I\! thn~ wiur:mw JOI1 i!i~U!l~ Ollie f.nger at ~,IMLlI~iI~ h~ \~i~~II. s!hnlkc ~eQ: ;;u :rO:1:i.. 8 h:l'liUUfi c~m Ol~]y be re~'I~,~d by s:,u~~_n~.y; dewlihc~n.; pi:ruyer~ LH~[I seeking line I;.1fO'lecliolftl '@fAilah., nCd 'by tliliFli 1~~O'VCIit'aCWit .'~f 1,lile ~f'i"ef. ?n~ SllO~ Id only rpoi.U!~. wn .. II ~he finger ~'S has ~CJill. ~nfJu ~]Ol]if:d ]jn_ the .~tflduIJ~. Tilt. hrJdeer[/~ of W ~~ i. whi'[,_'::h. COl1tan~~ the \vo:rtJ:s 'llli1cll' ·h~nd11i. '\'VO(lj] ill '~iPolf·e ~Cn~at!iL '1~le'ir' IC~OfJt~; ~ ii ~r.tll:~' m S eot {t1lin~i!;e!l1l1 iC11 snd even i r 'W~ \~fC' l'Ol :a!S&~ nJ~C 'its .~ll.~bcmieitv I;~ correct cxli"]nmJ1fI'i(mt ~ s ~'he r11lOvtrDll'lent of UiJII~ haadat ~'he thne ~;1

il,re.adifllg ,and ,el Q~i,n~. Dt' lU! _ '-

l1te lienlic,t~· ~f.t1u! ,,,n·~'illu:d~iljl.,

Shc~t_h ;9' l:l~deell~, MlOu lana ~I~ina mma~, b_kilt~ivyah abo ()'Lu~i~,e~ the Vler-dkts of the .f:oumr schools of flqJ~ no t:hru~ issue loy ql)odDll~ from their ,o~igit~~[ bocks, He wrh~s tn 'h~s Awj-al aT MastJlil,;~, tt.uu: d:1~ ru Hog of rbe :Hanaf.i.,. S.hln:e~ :and :Han~]] schools of fiq~;! is the same, ~"~'li dt~ [[Iller .sllm~lld 1100t be moved COfJJtii~U'iOtiS~;Y rnn tasltt1.hl7,~~d. "n faet so:me Sha.,f~@~ scholars :ml:e df;~IJ~ dl~ .$(l,·l(jJ~ is rendered invalid by' ,tth~ rCQWl;s·t~nll mrOl\lem~l!1tl of tlte fi[[9ler beC~~iSe il:Ms C.OwliS,ljnues exeesssve .acEio;~, Sio:rn~[h~~I: w'~ich. goes a.g.aiM~. ~]1e uni'~rs~Uy ~ocepted .n.d.e; at selrtnit)f ~nd tr.m.nquilki~y in mllIh. And ,Mlhou.gh. 'he srates ~hlll[ ·the 1IliJi10S[ common vemi,el of the ,~1al.ud seholars is of u'iIi~lvi ng the fif;lg~r 'in l~a,s1.j'a~rk!·td~ he does ,add [bat: Ibn 81'1 Qasim, one of Imam '~lI31Uk!s, .fo.remo:s[: smd!~~ls~, Qpp[i!5S~ dlJlilS, '1it.i¢~iY and is: .iliTh ,qreemeJfil:t w.i'th ths

. ]ma:m N',fiw.1i.wl al Shl~l1r~~ has als~, rC~l~,g.or.kon]l sltat·6d ill his ,~a'''tnj..\iia~ ztl1d in IlL! 5, 0.1 M~aj~7l"U;U'7 l~:hil!l tbe mDve~ureW'ilJ[ nf the fh~ef ~ n sa.IGh ,ws m(>Jtu()()h,

'- eOIl~ral';W 1[10 wl't;li~ one oonaiilJ 'ffiUli'hor has ;5uggest,ed t the ~j~w of .~n~~nl Alum}ad bill Ha,nba] and his forn]oweF!S. ~lso is that the f,liln.~ ~,tti;o~l Ld ~!lU}'~ be moved cons:tant]y. Hle wri tes Hun hU~N A;~~t~arll '~~~._ ~~~ecl~. 'SI~ooh1, a 'ifgiUUI1, PQi]mt w~[lli]jhis fi~.gc:r d[]ring: .pra~er?'· Be oopi lied" ~ Yes, v i,gnf()U sly ,,'1 Ttl~~ que;s[ion was ~bG1.u pO:iiltj~l:g

$J)$. Awjaz oj .M(Jrn-iiJt, 2f1 :17 t,1~'t~tili1\S f~r:t Mf'I(J~'Q~~ ~, AJ~~,~{Yli. ~ (fiM~-m"M j}45~1\.

179

thl.e fim,g.e'rl ~.ot moving it. h];$ 1e1tl'Jiie·mel.,:r :Mr,m.nge d],erei~o'rel m.o c(lilrncliUlde fhHit rnam Ahm:iid ,~i pr,nc[ruc~ W,~S, to move [hie filmier in t:{;liSfuJ'lil~'Ud"

~lowerl'fu~ aJ~'~u~~: ~I~e de'v-il thau I"ffjn,,,, .m)~rn(dng tb~ fing@r ,,.!'~'_~

'The: author of (id ,R(.J, ~Y~"v:!h rd' M:rutl!J}J,(l ~ -(a ccnelse, s f 3lndard, ramiJ recogniood werk l(jf H~nbalifiq"1;)' sa~$'~ "H.e g11~n~td poilu ~~llh .Ids, tb'refin.g~r 'Wi1h!!j u..t movi'll,g :i'i, in his· tas-lrtJ/i~!Ud: II nd dli~'(M' d:t~ri~wg sa Salt and a'[, other f!blJI es when 'eJ~ga~;i'IiJJ,S h~ the d}.'lkr of ,All all in order 'le' sigrri fy t"~'ivh'~'lJd_."

The:oo is: EltO n~~nlion i;1Il N~fi "s /j."dce;,f;h ,of 'th~ mOv~nleIT~ of 1:11.0 finger, n:ae~lfdy its :pGinting. The two ~epalmt.e reports sh;Qul~d. not be OO;nrJhjsi~I~~:gb' placed together 100 g,i'V~ the ii~~~'pJ~sion thJal ~h)!!y form one .t.,oo'e'$t_"~ ~bo!L~t the ~"Olts'l~u~~ IUO"i.~em,~'rI.t of the ri:Ql,g.er ~ n f,'~'8!walrJ,,:ul.

'U;m 'Qllda tilJi ahl a: 1: H':Et~,ba'~ ~ writes in at M·~'i!!;ln11I.,

·J:.l~ ~hfJ;;I11d ~;~nr~ with ~h~ rurofhl~,er n~h;.ing :u~ m: 'I"h~ t6~llC of $~fIj~nrn~e:.-iillg AII.ah 'in hi~, ~-ast!abh'iiil [(Nt Wh:UJL "oW' ha.l~~ m1Jn1I~~! ead~er,~ ;~lId ~l ... :slno:]j.~~ ,nlOl 1l];Q,'!i'e h bee~vlse o,f '~he. .iu«Jf;J'e/~~ of A'bdiiLIUml bjl!ll al Z'u'ba[r $ Ilnrli~~ecl I~¥ ~bH [)t1:~~t, "The 'Proplt~1 b 'iiNO~JM ()I;Jii~1 w~~h ~~~ I'~ "geT ~,nd nul !1I1fif:r;~ it. ,;~2~

The ~llrJ'm(1 uf' the Hanaf fi'qil :say ~l~i'I!~: the fi[]g,C!'t sbo~ihl '~e..'["4ilJi Rerl aln ilht!' ,[XDm~r~ ,of neg;m,iolrl (IA U(J,"~a) a nd then repl aced on ;ID 'fi I~U];1j ~11o~ (llitJl~'IClh). Some ~d(mu_~' ';@J~I5lo say [h{~t the rai sin,; of U1C: 'fbre:li~ger and the, ~]l!JtC'bi:li:lrg of 'IIl~ rest i~: 'Ibr whe' PUlP,OSC 'of w:mlki'ng dl~aa' a:fIDCt the tu,ril'ahlntd {~iS i:s '~-nem:ic~le~ .i n ~htQ, .abo)ve a/illde:e"JJ}~ U~eroSi)o.re the fin.s,e~j' sheu I,d be 'k:'ept ·(tI'ised 'Ii in U~~ end of $olclll 1 Th is Is rnent kilned qu~~c· de~rm.y ~I~, OUlte h(j;(le·t!l~:~·.

TIle same ~'\uh:o:r has also quoted ,~ It(;ui'eeth in the fo]]O'\'~.ing manner: 1·'W'hen he r,lllsoo his finger, he! \~"t}~lld move Ul1 :51J[)lptic~:ting whh if' fUld he used 10 ~y; !h_ is ~ijrel)l' 'tlt1i'O[~ .I?o"rer[~ll ~gMnst the devil 'lhf!J11 hUI~" me,~ni ng tl1~ fCitt,dj~!~lgcr, ~

It arpl~H~ ~!': ~bO-1jJlgh IUds is. a c'Olnp~.ele fJadee'l'~' _~nd I~hat the

(::(m~U~rf&) ItIOV¢II]Mi:ol o-f [~~. 'fln~r b, ~ilOro :po'werill'u] ,a_gilinst Ihe devi I. i~~!~)m. IKm, rnn f~ct~ 1)1le~'ie are two s.eJl)aJr~le ~:!£lde,~lh, The s ~~te~~~,~.l - ~"~~I~en he :ra~i~cl his fi.!lger,~ ru~ wo~ I,d move lit ~ S(I[~p'lic~:[;!je Wlt~] it is [);ar[ ,~)f a h(:I(lf(JI'I, :fI1IM,~alW by S~l¥y~.d"- na w~il bin Hujr ~~ and the 'Words 'It i:l :S:]Lin~i~y mere pt)IY.-f1erfli.JJj1 ~glli IUU ~he devi~ I h~l!i :i ren, me ~n i ng ~he f,'O\lI'efilll~'C~f~ ar.~ ,ncuHl,n.Y part .of auoihsr lu!c;j'eetlf, relalled !by N3ifi'~ w:hos@ complete i:laru;'lI~O(n lreads as fom'lo\-v:~:

Sa'vy]du:un, S~] Uu~b ~ S;ilLyS~, 'I CIllJ1ilJ~1 ~lP iii" Ule P,lfm:p;ti~:(d 'r:.tlIii:ls.t ,lllie was :pr,&(:yi~tt. He :I~ad .pbj;t~d .hJws ~erm:. fuj{UIIJd]. 'upon, his l\eft~ l"higl~;) .ll;" s rli.g~lt l~bdl u Po.t.~1 I~is r~~ht ~ilf gl~ :a~~}d be, tadl sp'r~ad If s :[01:i~fii1(Jj,g,er (.8'.5 o'p:J!losedl 'f~ dild'~bi ~g ill) Sfll,ill1lg.

A. si ltd bnr J'i>(uJ,e~?I'h h~J: been tn~m!l";alOO by .Allin~ Ya' ~ik' al Maws!~. ': in ~This M'us.'~ad with -l1lnie words ',[JOim~ng "w'~'[h his, forie-ringel" ru ~~:~,e~ld of ~had Spl\r3~ul ~~Iis fo:r~iillg~r",,:S~1

N~lfl'~ r.e])Ofited I.hal when Ibn Ummlr .$ would p:rIJ s,al{>J,I~' he "11\~uld[ '~6~ Imltt with, l'tlis fiin"g~r :I~~d fb\': hisi ,gu~ on i!t:, :lin.d, '~re said ~ ''1'.e 'pIJtOI)bie1: ,~. S'aiiid" ,i 'U is su.re·~3\1' IiIf~O'~e

m AIJIM~li\ll: 59154:; :!il~d na~mf as G!1!JI!J)iled ilil J(.r;ISilrf"d A.rfaar 563.

~,1I;j "Timllicllh i 35'81" Muh~ddi.& D.hlliJl~(!i' AJurtitd UI1~ltmt'!ti s~s thaI U~A:l't~ ~~ 'n~1 f~u~~ irli Wnc' .!j'JiIJ\t~I~ (:i3-9)~

~~~' Abu Y,a;':I~l1 ss '{I~~ hy Uu. H~i1Jf: in f[jt ff4ajtltill a.{ AfiJ'i'}f1 539.

ISO

T-~c lbo,~:_ 'm~llIraing i alse co:nv~':, ed in 'tlr '001' O'-ing. IUlrr,afion~.;

- .

S~lyyidl1llni Nu mair w Khu~ag. r 'f; I~lles [hat h~ Q w 'lb.e iPro.phef~· seated '·'n s(Jlf"h~ He Lt-.d pnleed. !hj'~, :r'ght ar _ UP'D" .~~s.: rl. ~t. ~h ~Wfl, ~~m1Jid r,j'id::;-ed _ js fO'Rtlnpr', Ib" I in' .'1\1 ent - . iUgihl]y 'W~li'I;,'j:t prmymg.5.1

Say)' hiurm W:ai:~ b1 - lIuj:r • rupo_ ts.,·! prayed~: l(Jlalz

iii., 'Ii.. , 'I. ;, 'I-. t· . ..IM , •. ..-'1 ~""" 'Iii''' J; It

llliJlelllll!~; t,,'U;li . .rop.[ti~ SJ;. anio,tm. $f'IIl_~. w D1rYS~. 11: .~ ~l

P':I0I!I)!'!W' ve t~e !Ulltd~ O:f ' 'llie F;r'o;phct a." Wiu~n hJC " ~t 'fi ,. tag,AohlLllld se spr~~ull his meet fo~-_. 'U .~ on. time gfo-uwd '!lId! sa:E o:n ·"'t. ~D1Il1, ,~a,eC!d hi~ tmil ,:ihn tl[p0:1!1J 'l:lJ~ '~ert ~hig!h. ;~nd It is l'igh:l. arm upm~l his, .ig.ht nrri.g~. 'H~ 'tlliJen. ,s - ape· 1 bk ~1l11Ie- -,. m81idn: a c'hl1~~~ wl~h t(he' l't11ild]dh!. On;g.E!T 3ind ,nile ibm b and btg~iD. p1f:31)in,g wiUtJ 111l'e oj1 rim' 'fo ::-fi~rel·i'. ~ ~ ,

He a,tsQ f'~1 t s, '". saw the P['o~h :mli -ike a e:r,cL 'w~tb l "' s thu~n'b ;~nd miJddlle ·fingtu·. tl d IriJft: U:l~. one n,(!:Mt ito [vl~ ·tm~ .e. fOI~efing,_~ -) pl'.a.y ing W _ .;b I. bl, .tasl'U,llll1Jttil~ :;~:u

83.) )':jdmii·~. AbdtJ!Uaih bi:1Ii Ultl·~' ~ re]a~es th:!.l whefil, the 'r'Ol}hJe~ _ 'would sU I' . saIQ,~Ir,., he ~~)~d. plac! lds. ri;gh:t

h:iiJ -d ·1, ' ~ lais kn"e: and mO; ~ ~~iSi fg;re:lln . ,:' - pI' -,i ,;

w{rUl it, lvlm~' st hls ~erf._a[IJdl . Jou'hID be ,sp.ro~ui out (l'Q':[~ ~j - le~. l'Ul~!lt,5J~

'This rns (lLloo the: lew of ~'e; t]~n~ :f! :. _ (l·~ildd]dl. . O~~~tn~ Rasheed .hmsd Gangolli,. He sa 'I ~ lholdd be :klirOWfl reg:ardin,g wha'l orne

~ Ab1rI'Da.(W I ;i4J911 AIIR1JJ D.~wQ;j)d 9~~.. . .l5~~ I 21'4 ~ml. Ihm, Hilbiban 1'~43;

1:0 SJ1.'CI:~ bn n. ~'[M! ~(!IQr.:lS ~.Wlit{:d b)! [liIl;'U n Ni m _ 'ri'J.lijl .:t>.i:;r.' A.tso r& '. Jlt(d by Tnh \ .. i laW., lmarn :- i[if~ awi :;jays nna~ .~E;S i'flMd m~ ~·f.IJkeh_ A .s-imil;u- rnan:~i.r,Kr~ hes :;:dw '~1.. n

1,..~rdrt. b.r /\bUJ '_ ·~wOC I T\t~Ii$:1 ~ OlO,

3111 I bn ~'[(jilih ~ [2 aud Nl!liia;1 11 ~M. ]3OLlSfe~ee -('CiliL'~C:U lJ)j. no, J]6) t'Ill]d Imam ,- im, w~ (sJ _ :' ba. '~olh E·cltlrtcl1he h~ 1 . fll ~ili~ h.

s.:n ~llll5Jim 5:ro. Tir:rnidbu 29"· rum.~ Nfni~~ l269 ..

.fi1ttalha, have :." rud about r~d' ling dls fmge '.al lhe dr.n· of ne.ta:ion and FlntJU'l!g it down at the time ,()if a:fnt11tl.a~,ion. that (he establis]u~.d, . [IL~lh ',) in (he ha(;l- '(Hiw' i· 'to '~'eel) the :f1i:r~el' '"In s~. I E In rhe el1d of &alnl~.·DO Tile ~m~Jli{)ilt or ,aJ Mul't(}:U~I"J ~Jh'e conun.emilIry of t(j'l Muwaua hoil~ m,e~fioned tJ~ru: i'E has b 'Iii Jtrr.uted fr'O/ln seme ~fali.lti. amd Shntl.~-e:

Irn:U118 also that Inre fingtJ:" s'lrIould be !kept I. jsed d]~ UU~ tend of laJh~Jh~Il.t{t, He. ·al'so ql~ol~s. Ibn HaJtr ~~ Ma;kki, ~1 Slla:{iee who S'li~~S" 'It is, .~f.~mwh to keep the fin.get raised till. ~Jhe. end of 1:a'sfk1llnud.',J; n

:[83

S.on; e .p '"<op,le f1J:re of !~ be. vie\.v dll~( aU I~rn,e Jav.~s of :t~llli~' ~ re [CX::Un!lnO'l 1[0 bo~.h nil: n and ~~.-tl01l' n, ~nd l~h~l, th L ~~o dj'fCel'tCnoo lert;v _. n tf:l.'~m, i'h~y also c·Jabn that [!he: la1('uJe.elh "'Pn:ty a yor~l h~vc Keen Ime pnyting is general and! Ulcref.ute shQ(Ij_wkl be applied eq"JU!tHy to both nlet] and W'O~men. . 'I~ ~l\a·U,ill~d. b l1e~]j-scdl tlowe'V-er Eh~t ou· OW,~ i~l~erpillmation and loglical j nferenee o.:f thls /M;(If!(;lh. cannOiE cmllJulfe' wWh the other al!OOedf1. of t]j] e M:essef![_ger of- llah ,i1lmd. the verdicts and pr~cti[ce of !~h-e Jl(Jllab~h al1td Tab~r'un quo~e.d, be'low

The- .s ~I;u'i.ah !~as o:rdBJi[~!ed d~ st~:nc~. rules fm' men and 'WOillfl}£ u in mao)' importanr quesIions of s<jl(lJ:~" For exa nplc,

.' .Jtln,ru(:~[h is /m'Ylh upon men but no~, on wo~liten and Ii e Eid :pm:~";=~ ~s 1ffl'1Ojib 'fOlr men b~ll agal n n01 for ~~,tQnle11l.

:I. ~~yhitHUl "Jmr.i~ bl!.~ Shibab ' ,ropol.1S tha~ t~[~

_ Iro.P~1e:t ~. ~Iad, ;i'I:tI;liir~'ah- IiJn :C:Ollg tgaJti,~)'1i1 h an iobUJa.ttU~::-. d~lt,y lllIi,Ofi ,e'vt~" ',- -~R.Ji., .-:"i~ _ pt Eo!-r p "~pl' ~ a .' la'toC', I", .~nnu~a [db Ud" and, one wh O! i ' !dcl.,' ~J:g.

2. .: a-1Yld-~ltl un Unl~u IUiyy,M -ny:s" s pari' of a longer 11I1(/e:,{j'th., ~ .. ~ .av'~ bfe.n. forJlihld1e'11 r~On:11 ~oJlo\\~?ing JliL!Ul·e..r:amS :a~i1ld U~er[e .is 1fWt1i ):l-I>.tlUI,fl.1j' uJ~on UiS, ~~

II '111~ rfll'~,lnl:d, of cong' ,_g~ liona] I[) llycl, .ftDJ men ls tv em)' seven dlll!·· more dUll) an individaal prn;tm, COililflIar.y to this "h.e more re!w~rdi 11,1 praYlet of a '~¥Ol1laD~1 is [llfU w hru:h is 01,0· [

~ , Aim Dilwortd. 1061' and HOl!ki[ltl U)6'l:, Ha :iinl ·dw]! _red it ~{JJ~&df; . nd O:h~lilll!bl u.gr:ccd,

.:. . I,om} KJm;za;,Dl;:]illli I ''21.

ISS

cQnooaled ,and, perliOlf1Iled '~i,'[hin Ule eon;fh1C$ 'Qf her illll'Ulrmos't Hiving q~rurt~ts!,

3. Say,y]drl!l!li1St A,bd.ll:U~h bin 'M,a_$~ud '.' :repol:ts 'lfl~ilJl. nile, PlOO\plhet, ii, said, 'T,~c ,1"a:;?,eJ]"J ~f ,I wo.ma.'w :~~1I, he;1i I~atdfil'a; (P(l.uUiti,o:ool)' lis bcU~1" 'thai'll, Iler l~[[',DJ,er ,in JiU!~:r IfJldf~~~ (,cba.m~lerl- ad,d, ll,~r' (ilfHye1t' ln 'her .II. !ijmh i~ :lt9iel,le:f'"U la,n !he]: 'pr,~;y,e:r- '~fi h~f' /)(!i'r {I:ujusell!"~'

,8 Abu lElak~'3h '. 'I/o.,port~ 1t])~IJl UlJ,e P,rophet ,[5 ,saJc[I'i

,L .,', 'eVierr 'w.i[~1 tb08~ people ~'.nIceeed, ''''ho :h_3IY1e

,3JpiPob~ted ,91 "W'lln1,en 'O~¥e'lr tllIieD(Ij.,l'~

4., Sa,iid]uUla ,A'b~ Hu ralrah ~ n~"'~tes I~hat ~he Propl:n~t ,~I ~;'Ui,a, !T~~~ :H1IJIS[~ 'befo, Iild 8'atah :to I.\Uah o:f' ,B, '1~mJll!!~~, is, ~rti,1!il Ural ,sble IIU~fli',rOirmtS 'ili' 'the d3Jt1k!al: ~iott 0:('] er home.' ::1l-11

9, Jablr bill j\bd~~]hth repo;m~;s :8S pSir[ o~· a ]o.j~,ger' ,~I(uJeeth that the P,r.-o;p,llet. ,0, .sa~d, '_, ~:J10W 'tflia,t ,OJ W(fmun srh!~Ull]ld DO ~ead ,I ~narn :i~~, ~al\fd~.,jI3';'

• For II.he purpo&e (If co ffeCIti'ng 'Or dta:r~fl~n_g, someo]J]t~ rnlQ sai.t1;l!' men .shQutd S~)I .r s;t~bha~':i(j,UaJ~, r ~oudly" \\ibils:~ women are Otl1:)" ~mowoo ~o clapl tlliJ,eir ~~[ijd~~

,5,. 8~y~id~(J1,m.a Asmaa nraMtes, as part or a ~on~J'

Iitkte:t!tJ~ [b u'L the pl)(iI;phet: ,s~i,d! ·'Th.e:L~~ is :~0 ,Odll.'t;:,i" itJ/~tna/h or JOUlltuih, U(IDJOD "'~O.~lTIJjo; t ~'1~

m,o. SaYlfidurul. Abtl Iur.,aimh ~ npomis, In~~t ,the l)fi(}ph~t '. SIIWd'jl . 'Tas.btfel~ Is £0[' mjcn~ ~Ild '€I!a,~p'i'I11J.:' 'is tf\0,1"

4,,'1!1 .;" -

'f,~ome.w .. ~ '-

The d.iffcOO1U postsres, positions ~md .rlllii~!,gs concerning the prllytr of tfute femal,e .e !ilG'~: rmfiie invention of II troup or ,REi i ndl vi,d~al but. '[he teacJ;JJllTItg of ihe P,rop:he(, ~ hirtnlSelf., He was the "it~!'Y f ~st. peirson t'O, dif're~!:Jwi;ate I)CM':ur~e:II'~he: ,pir~~:yl~.r ofa man nvul a woman,

III 'there is, a ,g,~~Jll :cliffum"ence in 'lhe a~',re~I'~ Qif a mmn and [~)ilit orf a WOffl£JJIl: i n !g~Jc!'J~. Wo .. mea n:u]'st. O:~jlv~r R]l~i;r ~!Jnil~~ bod~' :1 l~cl'lUl]IDilJ,g [he, 'b~k ~ :lJea.'~ri ng on]:_Y the, :~aCie! hands ~~d. 'I'OO't esposed,

1. Ummul 'MiU,~~~;[I,ineell. Aisb~l 4 :repdl~tS ~~~at 't'h@~ ~P1f.\D)P~~I~t· ,sflid~ ~ An,ab, ,d~; Dot aO~iOp't ,t~~ ~'(lJ€j'I,' of ,~, DlJ8!tu.lt':e :fema~e '\'Vt~'hOll_ t fi, s\a'l!"f~,j5"l~lI'

[I 'y ·d 'I .. ,· ." b· 'II':.::J!' :L-.. b

- '_ ~ ~:ltl.l·_, om A~,I I~LIlJ3~tJ[,- .repoWils. ~~h~t' ft.ke P'rQip~~et' ,e

,~uetl1 'by il,w'O WO.Men \v,h~ ,"fel:e1 'p(If':3~ing tala/h" He ~a;dJ -'Wfti;l~1i'iJ, yOI!)ill, 'prl')stmtea, let :,afl"t O.f: YBUr. bo:di,),' IcllIne 'to, tllt~ earth, :fo((" t~omm. i"ilf.'f;UIiillU ke Itiu~~l h~ d~,s

n,g~:l"~i.' .M~ .

54!} Ab~ Da.wCKid 5701 ~~ffld ~1J.f:l ,KI!I!.!I;:r-ain~ah .l6YO'.

~4t [bn KLu]l;mnlwih, '1169'1 ~ 3.8\] 'fa.wttru.n, 'in (d' M'Jl'Ja,~~ ai' ,Ktl~ur as nienLivitl~d, In~ ~Wl!1F~db ,Hm hOll 1Jj$, lia.f~dh :Hru[h~illm i.lH~ srys, tm.at it5 nartr,WfS a~ ij1iidUllnl~~',

,~ ~~i~:iit&qi J 92] ~

~J Btdli~,i !1~}20"

OJ.': ,_.QU

187

11. S~IJy.id~~na Ibn U mar ~ ~aJr[11!Jte~ itthal !the Prephet ,~ saiit !O WIIU!11i1 ,9 wOm~D sit:s in s(d~':!, she shmlLll~d pJ;~oe iGAe ~;I-jl~~ iOlr- ~1" the 'm~:he ., :illnd ,,~Eru,e" S~ju!: ~,ms~f.art!.'i~ ~he ~~oub\1 press' ~u!r :5;I,O~l~eb '~~I h~[ Itl:i:i,gb!, j,n a l1!_ll~~Ufllne~ tJh:aril: is the ,nltit 'C0\I~~f\ai'liLn_:g:f@W' b)~t"i' lndeed, ,AJiI!all [oob arc' her ;sBJiin~~ "'''~b ,m)~ ~~Ilie'l:.d 'I 'nli:ii,lt~ "o!JJ), ~d~nm: t'ba't, ,I ~uni'@ 'Fo'l'gi ¥c_ , h~l'.' ':5<:19

,refl~ted. In the ruU~~, o~' th~ So/J~btl,~ and T(:~bi·uJ!'~. T~le Jd,utta an,d, /lIql]ir:Cl. of ~HI f(Jut' :&Clloo]s have 3!.lways recognised d.l is! difference end, as ]5; evident ]]1 H~~ir :bo~k~, of fiqJ~'~ ha ve :~tiw,ays Ob5e!¥ed the GI~l1'Ov-e ,ptlnoip1IM, whe'l~e'Vi~r m~]!d ng a mU[~,g ,fLboll'~ Ul~ ,Jo;i«I!' of a '~"'oman" FollJowlng ~~~ ~, '~e,'~li,i!' narrations detailrun,g [mule verdicts and praetiee of [be Saha.ooh ".'. to,getl[Q,er. wWb the. l~etdilC~, of' some or r~he' Tlllii~!'u~ and the u,im~,~a of [.he tli ffterent ~d]oohj o.f:.ftCJ'/~~

1 J . S~,.,~i(bmna '\\-i!ail bin H[~j • reports '~l-~~:I; Uile' Pr'1lJpllli)Gil; .. iUd~, ,',O]~ lllln, ~Iujlr!: Whe;11IJ .OIU P[a(~~ ,mate ~(j~n~ h:Dl~~ds: f~'~d 1l1itb :fi0tn:" e~l"s.,nd. the '~~0'.~[lID s'h~' l raise he])" I~p_,~jb; ~W~,5l1! 'tJo, b~r boso.~'~ ~~o

'Veltiicu fu~'d pro:r.:nc€ ,ofllul Sal~'abafll ~,

KJu'~:~id bi n ~"I laj l~aj reports as p,~nlt; of' :9 lOf!!g,er t~;atl(!l!lh thti[ \\~Ille]l were: ordered H)I do ,;(irll.bbit~ ~1~ when, siUi:n,g in .1alahmm

w e d~i~b"e ~om~ 'v~.Y '!:fr-lpol1ant\ and :Fll~Ld~~lle~1i,tal pw.~nc:i,ples ~boiB'f the.prayer of a women fur'Q.m ~U the a'bGl'1!ii~ {lli'(;~deet:/>:I •

• ' 'Ute '1laliwS a~ saJ(Jh ::a[1e no[. ,;m~w.a:ys the same for men and women,

. ~ayy,~clunfll. Ibn Um.al~ ~ '~~s once ,as'ked1, 'How di,rj, women ])I,'ay their S(llf,Jl dluri.ng the _~ hue of the Prophet "1'" He lteI)rn'uOO. ~The.y used to slt Q1"OS'S 1c_s'god u m'i l'ihllo'Y were ru,Q,[d to IU11lcti,ce Ul.lifo;}!6

'.; Til...; ,i',~'~ma~~ ]lOSltllrn ,of a tl~}mat~ in a~~iy positlen of til(ll,,}, is th~l[

which 'is dl~ most 'OO(!f1.C~~U~,1;g, '~'@'li her,

:rn'm~m 'B:aii~iHlq~i $'ruy;Si"

'!',AII, or mh~ I~;ws Oir S(J!t(IJ! hI wh;.~h. a "N()lin~,IliI, di,f:[Ters fwrm '~ man mJrtl bi!J!5m. Oil I.'he; prirtlc:ipJe ef f9,(11.,. !(clQnoea~ INi9~)I. '1~~:is ;i]~cal1JS [hot ~'~e WO~l!tEHI ls 1[]j$[mCiOO If.) do aU ~tUlt whleh Is more ,collOe~hing fur ber, The rol~-Q'\~:i1iM,g chapLCr8 of h(lJ,~si! e(1J:piain this m~ani ng i~ dtl ~~it'·~ ~

S:ayy~dJILI:IIJ .A 1~. ~ sa'~h '~~fhcn. ~I women ptctSiLr,ajl:es, She should do ilui/lfl"l.and press her. til igllilS [lO,gel~he:I.' ~ and :i 11 A'bdJwl,llRazz:a~' s nQlf1,~~ len 'press her 111 ig~.s fl;P;~S[ her S!~@macb. ! ~:!ii'

A~, m,eiIllt~o,nj!t(jl ,ellrlic~·'1 lh~'s '1,fallt~(1JtiQn i:l'i, 'lbe ,j;y,~l:{il1 ,of a '~:V0Il1~~1 has Deelrnl prescribed b~y nO,D1~ ether than the 'lPw-oph,e1t .' b i m$~[f, It b~S" re.~.~~l~d ihe .lrnaccl~oo elf the; \cl"~']t ,rJ;I,IUI'c~la' till 'this d~,JI m~,d is. ~~so

~. i~e,. '[0 drn,"~ oU'~ ~n~'s rigli:Ji~ ie,g It~'MM [he Irigh~, S;1~ Qf Irho bod~· ~nd Ito :pl~~ the. len licit be~~eMll ific' n~t1l 'fcfil,.

,ssJ I~" ';;'11"," ~I ·b,,",,l·· "'!i"':i'~'11

,!!IJ11i'1i 1'~.I;lID, '" .Wh.I;!Ji~~ g,"/'i;Jo;i.l',

!~, Abdul RmtMQ, :5:074 and :iburu ,~:bj Sh8ib1ti1tu '2,]®4~ sss :lbli1J A!b~ Sh-aibruh 1':1$9.

3M N_.M,~ by ~~~, ~Ilfie.-.s, JUn~ MMlhluMmnd ;'J;I '~lukhnlii;, Q,itdM U.maJl bi iii :aI r-lru,aril, t11~ t\~mnn,i, ifind liD!!!l Klmsruw ~f!i th~ir M~fmtJ~ (IIf' hll~n] Abu HOfIH·~~~ tJur,it..fI~ftJ, J'hiijfj~ :i s Il'CiI' ~.aX!l 1@ one side ~t1Id rest !D'.!!J ~he pO:iliC-rior" ]~ is ~I.JI.O'.m '!Oil" lc::;~ iIl1ie S~~'Iffi~ as sadl"

!S'i Abcl~tI R.fi.n:~,q !H112' and ]bJ1J J\~i S~nlbn.h 2171.. MuhMkli~£J' Dlmf:tr Anfln md Udoo:1;l'!,~ !Ill h~ doclarod iI, ji~$~;f,~.

~ ~nl~aqi j 199. He ,abo di,X:t~1FJ$.{1 it jlhm: if.

~ lm;'b:R.fQ"oi iJ~ tj~ M ',[r.jtllU fjJ KJ~~~r 2:21 ~ 9' no, ':l I. RMf'~n I:J.oi~:~~o'l~i S!*)"'R, 2~ W~. 'T3lhHJi;Qn~ ll-tlS nM'J1Hfed ;~ ,a,s I~rt 'O[ a :IDng' haiJ:fM.lh 0l1IJ ~hc ~idlie O'f W~~~, 'hinr. IflhtIJjr 4 wi~ ~ chain oJ 'M~iiI~100"Ill~~ b i 1i1~ :1"Iujr liarlf~tLn.~ :~mm h-J;:i: QlIl.l'it" U m~~ID Y:lb)~. b;i III ,AtlfJ.h"l J;~bOOr. ] hn. e ~nCM: ill!mufi adi, ~~~r 001: tilo ILi~1 of '~he na'~,~ ,~1'0 Il\!.':~ ~~Ie. ,.

,»1 . .. . , .

- ~\~ih~~~, 2I3]~,

l°il"li'

.0::1

S(lJ{l'idun~ Ibn Abbas, _ ~J~ ,ttsk~ed. ~bout the p·r:Ill,~U of a 'wc:m~fi1" e repUed1 i S~l' shou [d puU 1m" ,I" close ~oget l1el~ ,~nd dlo lhli['(J '. ~~ ,:

Venlicm 0/ the' Tab£ ~UN anil other I'~kl",'(l.

Jbn Jur~)ti reports · asked AH~a: ;<G;Sh~)1Lirud J woman '~llO~io~1 ~""]~Fu he~' hands at the tiMe' 'of takbe,€ir as a mna n does?" he l'lep[Jied. "She shou I.d not raise her ~~iUld$ with takbNT 'im, ~he manner lof ftne:n/- Afa8J then de1110nsua~cd (dm,e' w,ay in '\\~hjch she '""lOu]d.} He p,:I~d bl.~ :h~nd. \FIery 10" 3mld "ben pulled them 10' ,"s; hhn. ";:. 11'11 11 '-., jd !~l'l' IJO· aure or 3. '~\l'Om'Ul i n s-aI(4~~: Is n:_ 1 ~htU 'Off' a man." SSI)

Ataa also s:a.ys:,. ~ A woman s!mOldd :PiIll U herset r t.o,ge~he:r_ hen she bows dOWJl inra ndt.' u.:: she should bri ng ~,p bet arms It.o her :S~.mIIJa·c·h ,truno pull herS/elf 'tcgethcl ~s much as :poss.i·ble. ·\lV~e.n she prostrates she should bring 'Up her arms Icl'-e to her ;Gl'nd, press 'her lboso~'H and , tomach ~J.8liIflIS,'t I~(l:r III j,ghs: sh sboo'id p:uU he. i ~lf 1[lOgether as 'miU~lh as .pas ible. ~

ltas~ln allld Q'atad'ai'Tl both ,say~ Wher,a, a WORlHtA prostfUi(e-; SJh,e, ~lhould .pun "e' -, elli t ged er a ~ much as r sslble, S~ :dlMdd not aimow ~or aflY spnce be:l ween h r liMbs, so ~hl[ her postel' or is not ,M) ~,.d. ~':S. e

O'1S cem1ajm a;tIJtho( bJtll argued thtIllt a]l th€o dcseriptions O'f ~be.

P1rophetl s· $I Iprayer are 'equalll' appl icab]e to both men alldlilo~lle.~ and rUlcre ~s ~o.ili[Wl; in I~lu= S~flUw.h tha:t excludes WOmff1J frorn ,an::" of them, It,r;thcr A.t,fah the loonten:1:S of ~bms elniapt.er wU~ ·arl~swe.r [kat d~]m, 'The auhor then goes on. to s .y rmt R~, t1hI]S i ':, the vlew of '~,bmR~n' ,,1 -aklu~i who sml~d~ 'A women's nc~.ions in the pJ'.a;y1el : re dle:3n~' ss _

~-', , ~bn. Abi Shmb~ V'B"

w .A'bdu'l !Razza~ 5006 iIInd )ibn Abi. Slip;!h. 24"J~., 'f,&) Abdol, R~1ttq 506~,

. 5ti I,bn. Abi Shai~ru1 278'~ . . i!I~ Abd\)1 R'iW!3/ 5lt16· ,

. He ;~ lso S.a.ys:, N'When a wom:allml IPJ'IOSJD [',n'le,s' she shou Id b _ jng her thighs ~l,o..gelhel and pres her ebdomea '(0 mhem .. l,;j~,

[matt1 ~lai haqi ' ays"

_ _ , '~~~l of_ ~bG la~,$,.o '$'.l'~h in ·whlic,jO. n WomOf] dli'f11.!:r-s ·n OJft Ium ,nm b~S-l-4 O:~' 11.~e' P; rrtQlpl, -' 01 sat". (I~OIn~~I.ooJ~l)" this, me:~n'" I:IM'I: ' • .'ke wmnan BS ~n~ln!to~ed til) clJo ~U '~;aJ~' w~l~cb is more c~rle~a.n(iJg f.ur Iher~ T!te fo,1 !O'l\~1 ng 'ChO@tOHiS, of.hculedi!. e'l\()lain this liTnealll'ing ,i n dehlit. j!61

~ Ibn .. \b,i Shail»'ti) IfZ!.12, ~@I 21~8,

3M Alxhd. Rau..'3q, SO?') ~llflll~H A~l Sha:ibah 2782. sss I~n Alil S1iaibM. 2719.' •

5~ A~u[ Ralzaq 5017 3n~llm.1iW AIJ,l Slmil!ab 11'92 . 1 , B a1'h~i 11-3 14~

[Ibn Quda.lnah ,9.1 ~laq-d.isci al .~mtba!.i 1(1·I!.lJOre..."i InlaHII1. Ahlnitd bin Hanbal in his al ~WUR'hJd a '. say.hlg, 'I consider s{1.dP-liS· to be benet for !a woman. ' ~11e a so IqoU'~.e ' the :mt rsrlon of SaI)~y.idtlfl~ .Ale _ wbo ays! ~'When a \~C?majl prays; salali she :shou]d do ihtifoz ,iJn~ llt;reS8 her thighs

'I" ,:S1i!

t(l'gJ!,,:.l[ ,1 ;1'.

l~tlalliM: Ahlma.di was a~'\lkle ' aboti~ how a wemun . Jbould pJr- ,.'[tare ' ind

sit for ta sha" Ii,,!'tid. ~-me. rIGl)~lied ~ .. She s ~oo~d d\o whal'~\I',e:1r :hs, more

~I~ fo" I "U d,":I.;Ii. S"· 1.!. Id I '. .l!.h j. ,Ii' 1 j; d

COll1l:ce;r. ~]JiUg rnr ser, 'e ar !IJIIey~ ',~, ne ,s',uOU ',(0 UII'Clu', U: In 1tU'",i!i1.dtt :

tIlnd d '. '[W her ~:gs, to one side (s{u#). !.s.-7

,A,cc:o~d iltti1J, ' ~o th ' n,UfnJjUf:l1 0 .Ahu Dawood, Jmam " hrnad wa fiJ!;;;~ed ,abmlll' how a \\lDn,~,altl sl~o'~nd sit in slfll~(dl~. lire r ep·lied~ ~Sh~ shcm1d press .her·lhi~:ths '10·!llrCi ther . ,;!in

A U the above quiEe die'';aIr]Y ,dc.monSl'f.t1tes, [bu~, the ,~ye:J!' 0\' a

WOf1l'a1l' is diifferent in. some aspeers from ~:hltt o,f a. man~ and ~htli tlli:; d]$tjlll.ci~:i,cn was n tmade Iby none ol\h;er than t16 Pr.oJ1lh~l: .!, ,and ~'he;n :rl1ain~,;;"I:ned by lhJe protlil~]nefl,t Sli~r,(:lb~'fj and Ta.b/'"r-'l" Fufthel:lnore~. as CWl be seen in their works, 'the,re is ,al.I)]{) u universel agreement Im,ongsE the :sch"o,~ am ,of aU ,sc~H]'OI-S, of j1q,IJ, on [h~'5, ~s "~~e"

m Tlo diltw OlUt .he: l'istn I~! rt,o one 'cle of ~ll ,boiI}1 nnd p'I~' the Lcf~ I~S oone~dl[ (Hit·" ri,ghm. 'th~~h_ Wn (hi~ w ~~ thli! ,p)<st ·d~r wiUI CiOlnll,¢ ~ re t on ~R~e lJ'Ound r.atber dni:!l~ {II.ilil the I.ch .h::.s, She 'Ijl.i\ollidu ~hmft!r'lt!, nC1Jt be re.stin.g Qf1 ~~ 1.e,8's. ~t on her pos.t5irli)f ~S: men~ioiit~d ~ n IEhe ,In [uw.1iQ11J or r~mtIJUI\. 1\1 . ,

~ Illn 'QUd~lJl~il.h. ~11 (it MfrgJ)r" 'U~3::1,.

~.t! Mlrr Imil Qf [mm~ Ahnwd mlC"lrn~, b.y M,s ~0Jru Abrhlll'ih' 3'1

:5.1'1 Ma$ooil () hllfin~' ~"lifRI. I~ b)' l~Jm D '!,J: ood ',:51.

'~1 -. j, ~,.jf I'~!' ""1[19

~ A ~;1~! ~J' .tt"t,d' tlI ,fi,' ,f4. ..•

L92

.'Jsl 0/ ,dlffe~'iel";CS [fjl,et1v,eelj tile ,1l''a"f!J;; 0/' ,fl 11UI" [and a r, '. ma« ..

:~o.lne uf, [l:he. differences zss nl~n;ti·onJCd. 'i III th .... H;mafi bouk"'S of fiqh are h ted below,

'In ~d~ [tbe 'iX'k'UIl[, ~~ and ,movemillU., ~. ~-(;d'ah. in ]udi.llg ql 'Illm , 'l,/r '~~"j fStJi(:/llih ~ ,a nd ~~:Ji~I'(lfi"UUI. a wcm;::lJli1! shou M ftda·pl [(hair which i~ Ilhe uno.c~t modest ar d con ea ling - or her.

.Jt~ r.he beg~nniilg of .falah a \\~ommfl shuuld nO:l rais e her hands to her ears [ LJ', on~" '1,)1 he shoulders 0]' close. to he' bo, O~fll.':-!

In q.i}nm, '!tJ omen are :110 place d~t:'Ji rand , em, their bosom ". They can ~!UU'ei' them il~ any one of ~~1~' dlif rialD'Cl1! v..t;~ys ',(l~~dll'· 19nu·"pin:~d or .~, '(ltll1 ,([:)lacing;) desc~ihedl ]iITII. pmil two or they C~;I~ si:l1li11dy r - n the ngh~ p-a 1 m Cilni IDhe lett, one.

_ "m1Jri~:' "Ren,! iu fuk:r~~ women should tuck lheil:1 'a Ins ,Ut:i'I'IQ Lhe body .1lInd mH pread [fl~m ,C]~nw~n"(t They S~~Q)1111d also mm,,'ly plaee ~h:eir hal1~~ ever tl eir knees wiitlh c rued finJ1'e..n's" a nd n ot gra!:i,p them wi III lr:~le. n~g)e~ sp:re.1d wi de oJJ>e]~. 51.. Fit fac[" we OO~l shoo.:~d I~ry 1,0 ke~ ,p' [In .11' :film ,gem do . tegeiher .i:n ~U (~l.e posunes of salah.

Durin6 pr-o. u,ui:o~ nlCJ:~ should allow 'fbr', Oln ~ space and dis['ance hem:\:, ,·eet] heir S r!Om~lch~ and tlh,ii,gbs; and lU1JM and !,hre ~idc of I:he body urlfl [ women s,hou]d, press, tb se Ih~ b , ktgl1,;t~\Mr~:r.

A8~jn filii 91; iS~mtuOIl n1£JrJ hQuld irahl' thc~r arms of th - o:.l;OUln. ~mld 8UOW for so 100 distance bIEn w:'o.men S~H}U 111 let them cUng ~Q [he gl~o;ulnd.

3lJ h~m AIU~iJCHjH linn!; ~ ~d, 0 e, )"'iif th;o:t ho ~bmdd [ttt~ dl ~(~ '''i:igJUJr .. ~OO.

~mdmg [Ii;) oae il}t!rnnwlII!. sf I; shou rei IUil rai se IbcDilI at all,

,SN hi .5JOme ~k:'ii lof H.:m~l'fl Jil/h it hliS 1b¢CJ!t "iIJi"~~'d [[lim in rut "1 lit 'Y :ij!' I d ~~' u b, ~d ~~e I r, It ' nil d Me'. .igh~~jl , "n~~ Hru!~JI)ru:i $(;hol~' fllmm. KJh~rLli .wJs.o _.~ ,ys ~,~'. ft~rI. D( .f!! a{liJ~(, 5:~~lJll~:ntnJt. ·'Il·he wnmsn S:hl!J!lI!d ~Iher 11~;U' ~1lI ,rldl.··i~' at:l~ Sl¥Jt~I,' (<</ M'l(glim ~ ~ I.-3rt)

1.93

lI)'uring the ~,~ ~ lng of tasfJahlu,ul. men :aF€ to rest on, ~hcit. legs ,~]l.cffi ,ill,S{i: '[heir rill'iJt '& "',1: '\\l']r I' the toes [ae~l:1g '(Iiblai'l" W~l1!ere~s women are to ~ak:c out b ~'I thew r legs '['OW,iI1n:.!:s, the right ]1~.1 d side of the booy and Il"est en ~'h't po&l£dGr wltlrollt: l~j·" i ng ['hek It lht [OOIt

Ibr,ahhu al N3Ikhai ta"huu.lIu.'Ualfi awih, ,46~96 AH}

T~~ c" ~faqelfli ,or ]f,ruf ~'bJ'fnf~Thi r:JIl' bin VRiid bin 'Q'~[S ,l·\,bu T'Hl1r-In'll, ~d N'fn,'klulJl, One of the most IU"OIn'!:TleHl 1 'obi ouu in terms or pie ty 'r leaeni fig, flqhaQd rnl~,e mentorjalLon :and n.~,.l:lu,ior 01 h(~'d~~/h_ He studied under many d.i :rin,buis1rJed figl:.ifie!i. illc.luding~q~l1rl'ill~~, 'M~ srouq, and A.sw.a.d. He has tl.ong his ~'I udenl Hallmll~ 'OJ n J\ bi, SU I~ ;, !ilrln1il ~C)j' .. 0" i~ he re-:acher,'ji of linIn] Abu H~lJ1 i f~h), A ~,runa~h and otlsers, He dii~ ila 9{i, A~'~I: whils in hi.ding 'filioln l~l\c lYllfant gov~~llcr HftF''.aj. ~Vm I) news ,oJ J1~S ~ead:ru rt%!.cht:rl Sh!'ElJb,i h;e. .slili:d~ 'By ALi h be has non 'left anyoJ~,e be~hliJHd like htlm.' Ma)f Allah nave 'mnercy On him,

MusUml _ ·irnl 'Y', .saar '''Cfi'mull~'ld~hj' al(lih.,

Abu Ad I mah 1\1, rslim bin Y,msa~ni oi :'dS ,it ']1 ItHIJ\iJm. A .ra/lfe who was known f~r his W.o.l hip, ~111d aseetism He was also Jjl3.oogJmJizod as b ~,ng OH,~ l' [11. [.'a(Hng :111r~sl... of 1 't:s~.1). U' met a ~U:!f[~, r of SalM/),ail ~ and narrated hadaeth from them Indludirn,g' StlLYlfid~niulI. Wbl~ Aboos and SaY)"idu na ~~ 'Il Um~u' . He die' III ~I 00 A H. t, ~)I .A _ lah ha ve mercy on llin .

Sh' ,mbi ralm·u.ult,Uahi c~/~ti'l. ,19'='10.3 Al I)

Am lr bl [~ 5IuD;r~'heeW ;~ ~ :Sh",~bi 'II Humairi, him' -If cleimed £'0' have ne'~ more thJi]'lll fI

A famous labiee who IRJ nlli't-.d $allulllJh R

gteall :~ua.n'y tfrO:il1 w~ O:l1~ he :~ a l(e4 (j/i(J.deed~, He b.ad a l}rot:Hgl,~)l1lD s memory and WIi" 4l!J~!so wride'ly credited as heing one o,F the gre;uf!st juri rs .of his time. :~w li edl f.~nd died 111 KLWlrah and was one of marl Abu Hanlfah '. gr¢m:lle5~ ~ea'cli1ers,M:~y AUtlll have mercy o~~ him"

Ab;~1 Mijllal; i~ahJlu.U'n/i:~hi ot(~'th, ,(,. 1'D'9, H)

Lalriq bin J llunaicl! bin Saeed Sad.o osl, A. tabiee who U1Ct\ ~~11 narrated ~~~.dee~h ronl a nUI,loor of S(.ih,,, ball I i nelu ~ ~g "'3.)')' iduna Ibn Albba"., SaYl1iduniID Anas, and Sayyiduma Abu :'Jusa. $~~ Asharee ~ as well as, fill my ·d~er" fl_ IPas-ed ,IWa)t ill - - u frLh i fil ~ 09' A HE IM.~}~ A U~h

- _

s'~.o'\:vc:.r his mercy 011 11'i m,

]95

'ImuulIrlJ A b~~ Hill~ifaI~ ra~,m'lal~,na~;li ,d~i'h. (80;.. t50 AlI I 699~ 76 7)

N' UUlan bin T~~ abh A Ib~ H~ni:rab. .,t'~~ g~rlt 9nti1~hld, fi~q.ef!.h ~Jtd Ima~n., He "~~5 bOiIJiI in Kuf~h 'i ij :80 Al J ,,~"l There We[i~ a. mnnher O'r S~b8b~h ~ S~] U alive ~i ~hnl time, hID~'liil!!;cHng Sa:yyidllD nar AbdJll!~lah b~ n Abi Awf~ who H'voo :10 ,Kuf~h'i R~d Sn)11idu~a Anas b]~ .M~~ik ~ whom he ,HemaHy met, huaS]] A1)1II, Hanlfah "s UUJS eoasidered <Th. Tabi(je~ a rank un[(lu~ not IOmru[y ,amI)J~ig.st the '~OMt 'liID'amS o:f fiqlr~ but ~h;{l 81mO'fru~t hi~ :lead:U:t!'.iJg ,c.:OO,lttel,];1bpO'r~F'u~$,

hJ1a!IU Abll lb.ni:f~h had nomemU;5. f[L~1:1l0~~lS: teachers im:]IiJ.g~d'u n,g AIlrL:i" bin Sh~r.~lt~c~ a! S~~ ,i).bi and 'ia:a~~rntillad ~iiri A,b~. f~tl~lai man. .H,e heard

- -

/tcu:feilltJ from a n~lI.l1fue,r .o[ Ieadi ng authof.i:lijlt~ :indm.l i.n,g ,A.'I;~lil 'bin ,Abi.

Rm~;j~~, Abd:~I~ Rahmen b i I~ UiIlll rmnJ.'l.~ rkm'll ~:IIla~l1' M a;fi;;; ~ Adil.Y' 'b'u til, ThilJ'biL t ~)~ '\!.fCm as ~iJ~n~y Q~hC::B:s fi~lll amon.~'s~ ehe ~t{"b',i I U~~.

He h:u:m~Jf bi:1d l~b~liHSH'HKI~ ,td ~~~ti(te]i[lllS :i:fltc'htdiug ]l111(J;m ,A.bu Y lIs~f, Imam Zu:f'ar' bi I~ .1'Ul db[lil, r mam ~ QS;ln b~ n Zi,Y:id fE:ri:d hllfiJJiiF1l ,Muh;rm.m~ld b:U n Hasnn S.lntib[Jj1] L" COiUJ mless l~adiilu~ fiJjln res heard ~Ild 1l{JJ1l.1U:ed J~[rJ;dtl'etS;l, :from ~:lj III such, as St'~fY)DlIIB id Il]ftlw[~,;, S:~];~Ii;,ooik~ Zt'lid~m~, Has~n brnllih, S~]ih, A'b~l .B3lk~ bi I~ ,A Y yash " Abdu Iltlh 101 u M~bt1jtak't. W;ak'ee~,t AJbdru~ll [l:;~l;ZAlUq bin Ha:mlllJ;tUi[1J as ~l'eU as nli'ln)< ethers,

:M:~lnsOOfr', Ute A,btbas±d mler of the time tried ~o ~~[pG:iflt ]In~m, Abu.

Hanru:r~i~1 as 16h~ ch~cf jl!.'~dglC:. He refused, w~,eroupo:ua! Manso[)iJf" resorted to ilnll(priso:nli.nent ;,liltd terurre '~O rnIIil\fl'ke' him meet his demafl(~" Im~l]li1 Abu H,ru1U11hi did. ,~OIl :re[\~IU: and t1nflHy cUe:d ~ m~rtYIr ihl!l'vi,ng been 'p.oW80l~ro i I) prison h~ the YCaJ[" 150 AH. :May An~h shower '~lts Hlcr,cy O'~ him,

He, served as a judge ,I n 1J~t:, 'C ~piu.l Baghdad ~iI1de:.r itMlIl]Y rulers ilt,ludiIi1(g, Haroon R.as~h]d, He WDS' t[v:. nr,:;:;t l)e.rsiOrl lever' [~'Q 00 given il]le 'Un~ iQadihj a] Qtidh~t· ~ t~.:1 chu~f j~dJge' ~Jr [~jud,ge. of lt~~ j~dg.e's!. He

d]~d ln 182 AH. ,M~y A,U ah lla~e .11ll.~rey ():rtj; h i m, .

I'~'ill ~Iii~, ,~fIluJlan 'In.=:wd ,S.b~i!b9nlai raRml'l.Ufdl.alz~ a;tl~~'i~. (W ,31-·1139 A'IFBl) 'Mllh'(nr:Hll;~d, bwm tla:li'~~TiiI Shaiil:\a.ni~ The gIj,'efl~ faqe.td!~ and Imam, He was OOW£[ j n W ~~H in 1':3 2 AB. Ap111!'~, fl1lm hi!ii h\fO most r{an~Qus ~eacfuen;" Imam A.bl)] Ha ~~iJ~a~] and lmtl1[Q11Il ,Abu 'Ym5uf he a~iS:([I' fueard a~ld milJrr.mteJ(I I~'tl'(_~ee"ll' Jrom S~lfymn itl Til'lllR'w,r,i! Qa:is, b,in ,Rf}hee'~ ~ AWtale~~\ In~rm ,~~aHIk. ~11Ilt~ (a1tllers ..

Hiu:s OW(~ smdems . ael nde hn~U,1jl Sh:~II:lijee.j AbflJ;~ U'OOl](J [;:'I] Qashl~ bb~ Stdlantt. 'V ~by~lIJ bi!l ,M!I~el' ~ ,Mld1JiiI,mIFlfMlcl bin. S~I:1H)~h as 'We~l~ m& :m~n.j-' ethers. He died i ~ lt~,yy ,in 189[ AH. ,iVlaJY A~ ~ah '~~~ lIUt'ltC,Y' on hi In. -

~.;~~fidll1lJ mbtbi 'fl~, Th t:kJllPll~ni ~T(!'hmtr.l'uJlt:l}l,i t:daih. (~14-9 AN)

AI i oilmll Udnnan ~j)rjn Ibr.8tllilID. 1\.1;1 al D,eelfil U'}n al Th,I'kJlijnl M1'i al M,al""d~;~1 i, .A teacher ,of IR~ ndh JmJllal, ~~, Deen al Zali 1 ace, Bl\fid~l Zn ln Ill, :D~~11 a I 'Ir~qL J~m~.~.1 a! Been ~I '~j'alU ,and H&fldh MILU ~1 Deen 081 Haithami.

,He ~1!Jt'~o;red rhe f~t1mo!!J~, ,,'JI J[($Wh;(iW tll:' '~~~'(li ft .cd i~tuJ(1 al;(!t 0,'1.

B(liih:o,fI,i~ He alse clQmJpi.l~d a laJihl~(JJ~j of {;Ii ,H'iti'aJ'cdl 's a~lat/~i!,'~", .;a I~d. a. condensed 'vle:r~\iQJ~, of ]_bill al Saiah 's UI(J\lJn~ (1;1 IJ.adtteln. He, died in 749 AJ L I¥1 ay Ad 1!91~ h~\'e nwroy' 011 h lm

ilj)fhU'~ Z~i laee ~~'hm,(1wUa~~,f (11(~lh.; (12()'· 76'2)

~,~U'Q~l id E)OO[l Abdul l,tJm~ bilUL y~ s ~f al Zaj laee, He ~.MJd.i~, flq:~ wit~~ I~rm am f~W1r al Deen Uthman bV~1 Ali at Zai lnee, :~ mam :S:ha~ns al. [;teen M~~ bitlUl1~d ibi:lll Alb mad bi m A(U~m :2111,(1 oU~ie:r~L A rnong~u. his l~eficliieJ'S in haae81Jai \V!~ J;1~.fidh Abu al ,1H:Qjjj~ ~il1Vnzzj.~, Hafidh S11.Olms 3'1 D:eell .n'i :D'~],aballd and H~fl.dh ,J!tl~, al DeEm ,~J :Mard.~ni [,fun al Tu rk!;ll!lrtbJlUli,

.He produced :~ln1\~ ~~li~'My acclalmed works liim, h:i~, s;fu.Or1l :1 i m. The,Y' ;are al 1iJ,'O,~ hi AJmxlee'ih [at K~sJu¥f {a. l'ukhteej of Z~mnaikshad'~ ·Ta}n:.(t[f' ~~,l' K;(j~"';/rtu:q:]. \4'r~'lt;h~:(M,(lt ,Ma it~l~i ,ct/ Atrdki,'~.1" (31 eOtuh;;.n's~d ~nd edhed \Iemsiml 'at' :~'mam T~hJ~,wi! s, Siu;uh Ma '(;mi ell A,alIJ(~[flr), a!If!,~ Nash t1~' .Rt.};Jall Ii T"lhJv!lf?i i~.IH::tJJefllh cd ,H.ida;YlJ.i' (a l(iItJJr:e~j 'Of bnaOOB 'Iv]r.~rghi:I~Mli • s a_l H ~,d~yah). AJ I~ mah A~;w~tr S:hl€l:~ Ka~ll~~~~d wrnt~ of rnnji.m~ ~ln mi~{ IiJpin ~Qn. .: ~ndh bi]aee Tlllkttaatflcj'hi alaih Wil~ :a g re~l:eJ"

hM1tfn~~, Alb 0, Vus~f ff~hm,mdl(~h~i {,ltdh, (1 [3~" 82 I\H)

Abl!l 'Yu~~f y~' aqglb b~ln Ibr:!Jh ~m,iit. ·.rh~ famous Q~uJM ~mJ Imam~H~ was born in 'K ufaJh ln :~ 13 AB., ~~ffie 'i s Ullld('jub~ed~y' the HIO$,rr :fltl,U.oUS student lof Lrnaf]i~ Ab~u Hanif~h! 'He: till so iw~n~, .l'(I(J't!tJ.'~~ firo~1m HiS:h~m bi~l Ut'wah,~ 'Y,al~y~. bii:nJ S~ecl~1 A.~:al:H~~h ~mdl ot]~[e~.

'l\da:~y a/mhOl1~~les lteard a~ul In,:!nlil!$~td ,':ltlJie~t.r~, fr()itJ1il: hi.'m i.~.lt:~u.d:~:tJ1.~ Ebb£' bin '\1V~lel~d" YU'y~ rbin ~1~\e~n~ .lmarll A]~~fI;d bin H~~flbaJ~ A[u.lmd bi 11 ~h'\neett ,~uld. hlfUlm '1\1'u~)a:[m,nilld 'b]n ,~;;bl;;'SEJ~~,

bU 'Thi~ is. aoouruillng !I.\!'J (Jnl!' 1il$1l:mli,{liJlll. Oill,c(' r,epo:~s ~~~e!ill ctU'l~cf. ~::l~es oJ: ~m .1\iHI. or ei>\~',] AE-t

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