NETWORKS & VLAN

WHY COMMUNICATION ?
Communications – activity associated with distributing or
exchanging information
Telecommunications – technology of communications at a
distance that permits information to be created any where
and used everywhere with little delay
Today it, involves
Data: digital and analog
Voice: spoken word
Video: telelcommunication imaging
 Essentials for Communications
1 >Must have a message
2>Message must have a transmitter
3>Message must have a medium
4>Message must be understood
5>Message must have some level of
security

Source System Destination System

Source  Transmitter  Transmission  Receiver 

1 Destination
2 3 4 5 6

Medium
Workstation/PC Workstation/PC
 Basics of Networking

TYPES OF NETWORKS

LAN – LOCAL AREA NETWORK IS A SMALL GEOGRAPHICAL AREA SUCH AS

COLLEGE CAMPUS
MAN – METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK IS A NETWORK OVER A LARGER
GEOGRAPHICAL
AREA SUCH AS COMMMUNICATION WIHIN A CITY .
WAN – WIDE AREA NETWORK IS A NETWORK USED OVER AN EXTREMELY
LARGE GEOGRAPHICAL AREA SUCH AS 2 CITIES.
Basics of Networking

NETWORKS ARE BROKEN INTO 3 TOPOLOGIES.

THEY ARE:

· BUS TOPOLOGY
· STAR TOPOLOGY
· MESH TOPOLOGY
· RING TOPOLOGY
· HYBRID TOPOLOGY
BUS TOPOLOGY

BUS TOPOLOGY ALLOWS INFORMATION TO BE

DIRECTED FROM ONE COMPUTER TO THE OTHER.
LOTS OF BINARY COLLISION THOUGH.
STAR TOPOLOGY

STAR TOPOLOGY IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE

USED. ALL COMPUTERS ARE ATTACHED TO A HUB.
LESS COLLISIONS AND MOST EFFICIENT.
RING TOPOLOGY
MESH TOPOLGY
HYBRID TOPOLOGY
Basics of Networking

The seven layers of the OSI Model are:

La ye r 1 PHYSICAL
La ye r 2 DATA- LIN K
La ye r 3 N ETWO RK
La ye r 4 TRAN SPO RT
La ye r 5 SESSIO N
La ye r 6 PRESEN TATIO N
La ye r 7 APPLICATIO N
VLAN

WHY VIRTUAL?
General Description of LAN
Covering a small geographic area
 Home

 Office

 Group of Buildings
Definition of Virtual Local Area
Network

 Commonly known as VLAN

 Group of hosts(ports) on the switch with a common set of requirements

 Group of hosts communicate as if they were attached to the same wire

 LAN VS. VLAN

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Static VLAN

 Ports on a switch are administratively assigned to a VLAN

 Benefits
 can be assigned by port, address, or protocol type
 secure, easy to configure and monitor
 works well in networks where moves are controlled

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 Dynamic VLAN(VMPS)

 Switch ports can automatically determine a user’s VLAN assignment

based on either/or:
MAC / logical address / protocol type
 When connected to an unassigned port, the switch dynamically
configures the port with the right VLAN
 It has 2 stages. Firstly static then VMPS.
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 Port-Centric VLAN
3 Port-Centric VLANs

 Same VLAN, same router interface

 Easy for managemenT
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VTP AND ITS
MODES
ISL FORMAT
HOW VTP WORKS?
THANK YOU