UTERUS

- GROSS & MICRO ANATOMY -

 By-
V.Janarthanan
II-MBBS
(29/10/2008)
SURFACE LOCATION
 DEFINITION
• The uterus is a hollow, thick-walled and pear-
shaped muscular child-bearing organ,
normally situated in the female lesser pelvis
between the urinary bladder and rectum.
ANTERO-LATERAL VIEW
 DIMENSIONS
 LENGTH : 7.5 CM
 {Corpus - 5.0 cm
 Cervix - 2.5 cm}
 BREADTH : 5.0 CM
 THICK : 2.5 CM
 WEIGHT : 30-40 GMS
POSTERIOR VIEW
 DIVISIONS
 Fundus
 Corpus
 Cervix (internal os & external os)
SKETCH OF CORONAL SECTION-UTERUS
 ALLIGNMENT
• In the adult nulliparous state it is pear shaped, though
somewhat flattened anteroposteriorly, and its long axis tilted
superiorly forwards. Its narrow end is therefore postero-inferior
in position. The uterus lies behind the bladder and (unless the
bladder is full) bent forward above it. It is situated inferior to the
sigmoid colon and in front of the rectum, and completely below
the pelvic inlet. The long axis usually lies approximately along
the axis of the pelvic inlet, but since the uterus is movable, its
position varies with the distension of the bladder and rectum.
Except when displaced by a much distended bladder, the long
axis of the uterus is nearly at right angles to that of the vagina,
the latter's axis corresponding to the axis of the pelvic outlet.
Alignment of uterus
 ROTATIONS OF UTERUS
 Dextro rotation of fundus
 Laevo rotation of cervix
PARAMEDIAN SAGITTAL SECTION – IN
SITU
 LAYERS
 Outer perimetrium – serosa
 Middle myometrium – muscular layer
 Inner endometrium – mucosa
 SEROSA
 VESICO-UTERINE POUCH
 POUCH OF DOUGHLAS
 BROAD LIGAMENT
cleared injected specimen
 UTERINE CAVITY
 Antero-posteriorly flattened
 6 cm in length
 Triangular in coronal section
SAGITTAL SECTION
 CERVIX
 VAGINAL PART
 SUPRA VAGINAL PART
 ARBOR-VITAE ARRANGEMENT
UTERINE ADNEXA
 SUPPORTS OF UTERUS
PRIMARY :
o muscular/active –
• pelvic diaphragm
• perineal body
• urogenital diaphragm
o fibromuscular/mechanical –
• uterine axis
• pubocervical ligaments
• mackenrodt’s ligament
• uterosacral ligaments
• round ligament of uterus
SECONDARY :
 broad ligaments
 uterovesical fold
 rectovaginal fold
 UTERUS-INSITU
ANTERO SUPERIOR VIEW
 APPLIED
 RETROVERSION
 RETROFLEXION
 RETROCESSION
 PROLAPSE
 COURTESY
• GRAY’S TEXT BOOK OF ANATOMY
• B.D.CHAURASIA’S TEXTBOOK OF ANATOMY
• www.medindia.net/surgicalprocedures/hyster
ectomy_uterus_anatomy.htm - 65k -
• www.ama-
assn.org/ama/pub/category/7140.html - 10k