Name: ______________________________!

Mod: ________
Date: _______________________________! U2.LP11.Unit2Review
Warm-Up
Answer the following multiple choice question. Which of these best describes the decision in this case?
A. Citizens must report their memberships in organizations to
In 1958, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the state the government.
of Alabama violated the due process clause of the Fourteenth B. State actions are limited by the United States Constitution.
Amendment by requiring the National Association for the C. Political organizations are required to maintain accurate
Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to hand over the membership records.
names and addresses of its members. D. The Supreme Court lacks the power to review state laws.

Introduction to New Material

Philosophy of Government Declaration of Independence

There were many who felt that King George, the monarch of a unitary form
In the 1760s and 70s King James was in control of the American colonists.
Magna Carta John Locke A document written by the

of government in England, was violating the rights of colonists.

colonists to separate themselves
A document written A social contract from the monarch, King James.
by wealthy British theorist who
landowners that believed that society

then you have to protect individual

limited the power of agreed to be

If you have limited government,

then you have to have limited
If you have individual rights,
the king. governed.

Limited Government
Individual Rights

government
Social Contract

rights.
The concept that people agree to be governed
in order to receive a benefit from the govʼt.

Individual Rights

Even though government has some power,

people still have rights that canʼt be taken away. Consent of
the Governed
Limited Government
Consent is something you give.
In this case, we give the
The power of government is limited, which government power--like a gift.
makes sure that people have rights. We can also take it back.
government.
national
very weak
of states, with a
A loose union

A weak national government meant a lot of system of govʼt.

Confederation
Confederacy

problems for the country. and a confederate

Articles of

• We couldnʼt coin money U.S. Government

• We couldnʼt start war constitution of our
• No executive to enforce laws gave us the first
• Couldnʼt levy taxes A document that
 Constitution

The document that solved most of the problems in the Articles of Confederation was the U.S.
Constitution. It gave us popular sovereignty, rule of law, a federal government system and many other
principles that made government better.

People rule, because they control who

Popular Sovereignty represents them and their opinions with a vote.

nobody, especially politicians, gets away with a crime.

Rule of Law
Rule of law protects us, because it ensures that

Federalism In creating a stronger national government, the

Constitution also recognized that we would
have to divide political power up amongst
The concept of federalism gave us a much different branches. This would limit the powers
stronger national government and solved of government in yet another way.
many of the problems created with the Articles
of Confederation. Separation of Powers
national governments share power.
Federalism is when the state and
ability to deny rights
powers for the state

limited the power of

It created three branches of government and

denying both state
governments, and

governments the
It reserved many

divided political power between each branch.

government by

to individuals.
and national

The Legislative branch is

responsible for making laws.

national tax.
coin money, raise an army, and levy a It includes Congress, which has two houses.
government, which allowed them to
powers to the national, or federal The two houses are the Senate and the House
The Constitution delegated certain of Representatives.

The Judicial branch is responsible The Executive branch is

for interpreting the laws. responsible for enforcing the laws.

The Supreme Court is a part of the Judicial The President is the head of the Executive
Branch. Branch.

The Supreme Court makes legal decisions There are also many other people and
based on the U.S. Constitution. organizations within the Executive Branch.
 Even though the political powers are divided Veto Override
by the principle of Separation of Powers, there
was still a need to make sure that no branch
The President can Congress can
had too much power.
veto laws passed override the
by the Congress. presidentʼs veto.
Checks and
Balances
Impeach Judicial Review

The concept of checks and balances was used Congress can The Supreme Court
to make sure each branch limited the power of impeach the can declare actions
the others. President if he of the other
does something branches, or laws
illegal. unconstitutional.
The Bill of Rights was only enough to protect
individuals from the National government. New
amendments were needed to protect people from

individuals.
Constitution in order to protect the rights of
An amendment is a change made to the

the first through tenth Amendments.

The Bill of Rights is a document that includes

Rights.
amending the Constitution through the Bill of
government even more. This was done by
people felt we had to limit the powers of
protect the rights of individuals. In other words,
Many felt that the Constitution wasnʼt enough to
the power of the states. Such as the...

Bill of Rights
14th Amendment

It protected people from the state by ensuring

equal protection of the law.
Amendments
themselves out.
having to rat
protects a person from
The 5th Amendment

crime.
twice for the same
When a person is tried

Jeopardy
Double
Self-Incrimination

5th Amendment

prior knowledge or preconceived

to a person according to the law.
Due process is the principle that
the government must respect all
of the legal rights that are owed
When the government provides

A jury of people who have no

you with compensation when

• Freedom of the Press

innocence of a defendant.

• Free Speach
notions about the guilt or
5th Amendment

Assemble
they take your house.

• Freedom to Peacefully
Eminent Domain

State
Impartial Jury
Due Process

• Separation of Church and

provides for:
The First Amendment

1st Amendment
 Group Practice
• Before we can move on, we need silence.
• Listen carefully to all instructions--this will help you on the Unit 2 Assessment.
• We are going to review the prompts of two multiple-choice problems using the interaction graphic organizer.
• Help me identify the actors first, and then their interactions.
• By looking at the interactions, we will be able to make the correct answer choice each and every time.

Answer the following multiple choice question.

In 1958, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the state of Alabama violated the due process clause
of the Fourteenth Amendment by requiring the National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People (NAACP) to hand over the names and addresses of its members.
Which of these best describes the decision in this case?
A. Citizens must report their memberships in organizations to the government.
B. State actions are limited by the United States Constitution.
C. Political organizations are required to maintain accurate membership records.
D. The Supreme Court lacks the power to review state laws.

INTERACTION
CAUSE (Whatʼs going on?) EFFECT

ACTOR ACTOR
(Person or Groups) ACTOR

30. Read the excerpt below.

“That all Government of right originates from the People… and they have, at all times, the inalienable right to alter,
reform or abolish their Form of Government….”
               —Article 1, Declaration of Rights, Constitution of Maryland
Which of these principles of government is stated in the excerpt?
A. judicial review
B. checks and balances
C. separation of powers
D. consent of the governed

INTERACTION
CAUSE (Whatʼs going on?) EFFECT

ACTOR ACTOR
(Person or Groups) ACTOR
 Independent Practice
• You will work independently.
• You will organize the information from multiple choice problems on your own.
• You will use the interaction graphic organizer to do so.
• Identify the actors first, and then write down their interactions.
• The first 5 people done will receive a homework pass that can be used ONLY for extra credit.

Read the excerpt below. INTERACTION

“In [creating] a government which is to be administered by men over (Whatʼs going on?)
men, the great difficulty lies in this: You must first enable the
government to control the governed; and in the next place, [make it ]
control itself.”
                       --- The Federalist No. 51
Which of these principles is best reflected in the excerpt?
A. majority rule Actor Actor Actor
B. popular sovereignty
C. limited government
D. representative democracy

Read the excerpt below. INTERACTION

“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution… (Whatʼs going on?)
are reserved to the States… or to the people….”
— Article 3, Maryland Declaration of Rights

Which of these principles of government is described in the excerpt?

A. Citizens elect representatives in government to make laws.
Actor Actor Actor
B. Each branch of government has different responsibilities.
C. State governments exist at the will of the federal government.
D. Powers are divided among different levels of government.

The “elastic clause” gives Congress implied power to act in areas not INTERACTION
specifically expressed in the Constitution at the time it was written. (Whatʼs going on?)
Congress is exercising its power under the “elastic clause” when it
___.
A. declares war on a foreign nation
B. establishes a post office in a community
C. authorizes the testing of nuclear weapons
Actor Actor Actor
D. prohibits export taxes

If the President and Congress disagree over a tax bill, the President INTERACTION
can veto the bill. (Whatʼs going on?)
Which of these applies to a presidential veto?
A. checks and balances
B. judicial review
C. representative democracy
D. federalism Actor Actor Actor

Read the excerpt below. INTERACTION

“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution… (Whatʼs going on?)
are reserved to the States… or to the people….”
— Article 3, Maryland Declaration of Rights

Which of these principles of government is described in the excerpt?

A. Citizens elect representatives in government to make laws.
B. Each branch of government has different responsibilities. Actor Actor Actor
C. State governments exist at the will of the federal government.
D. Powers are divided among different levels of government.
Read the information below. INTERACTION
Read the excerpt below. (Whatʼs going on?)
“The right of citizens… to vote shall not be denied… on account of
race, color or previous condition of servitude.”    —U.S. Constitution,
Amendment 15
Which of these principles of government is reflected in this
amendment?
A. judicial review Actor Actor Actor
B. federalism
C. separation of powers
D. popular sovereignty

Which of these statements describes due process under the INTERACTION

Fourteenth Amendment? (Whatʼs going on?)
A. States must protect the right to a lawyer.
B. Basic rights are protected by executive order.
C. States must obtain congressional approval to limit rights.
D. Basic rights are limited to those stated in the Constitution.

Actor Actor Actor

In Kelo v. New London (2005), the Supreme Court ruled that local INTERACTION
governments could take private property to be used for commercial (Whatʼs going on?)
economic development.
The Supreme Courtʼs ruling in this case impacted the principle of
A. equal protection
B. rule of law
C. eminent domain
D. popular sovereignty Actor Actor Actor

Read the excerpt below.

“That all Government of right originates from the People… and they
have, at all times, the inalienable right to alter, reform or abolish their
Form of Government….”
INTERACTION
               —Article 1, Declaration of Rights, Constitution of Maryland (Whatʼs going on?)
Which of these principles of government is stated in the excerpt?
A. judicial review
B. checks and balances
C. separation of powers
D. consent of the governed

Actor Actor Actor

Read the excerpt below

Article 1
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They
are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards
one another in a spirit of brotherhood. INTERACTION
Article 3 (Whatʼs going on?)
Everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of person.
—Universal Declaration of Human Rights

The Declaration of Independence and the articles above are similar

because both
A. describe the powers of government Actor Actor Actor
B. are enforced in every country in the world
C. describe personal freedoms to which every person is entitled
D. are used by courts to resolve international disputes
Name: ______________________________! Mod: ________
Date: _______________________________! U2.LP11: Scavenger Hunt

Use your notes from todayʼs lesson to complete the following scavenger hunt.

1. What are the four documents listed in todayʼs lesson? Put them in order from the one that came first to the
one that came last.
A. ______________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________
C. ______________________________________________
D. ______________________________________________

2. Fill in the quote from todayʼs lesson:

“If you have individual rights, then you have to have _____________________ ______________________.”

3. How did the U.S. Constitution correct weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation?

4. What are the principles that the U.S. Constitution provided our government with?

5. What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?

6. Why were the Bill of Rights created?

7.  Why were the American colonists mad at King George? 

8. Which form of government did we have with the Articles of Confederation? ________________________

9. Which form of government did we have under the U.S. Constitution? _____________________________

10. How are those two forms of government different? Explain in two sentences.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

11. Why did the U.S. Constitution include the Checks and Balances?

12. Was a Separation of Powers (the creation of the three branches) enough to limit the power of govʼt?

10. Which principle shows this picture?   ____________________

10. Which principle shows this picture?   ____________________

12. Describe the picture that demonstrates federalism. Why would states and national government be
balancing one another?

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________
13. The National government has ______________________ powers, these powers include coining money,
raising an army and taxing. 

14. States have these kinds of powers: ___________________________. 

15. There are three branches of government that have their own powers. This is concept is called:
_____________________ of ___________________________. 

16. The Legislative branch ____________ laws. It includes the _____________ and the House of
Representatives. 

17. The _______________ branch enforces laws. Obama is the _________________, the head of this
branch. 

18. The Judicial branch ______________ _______________. It is made up of courts. The highest court is
called the ___________________. 

19. Because we have separation of powers, we can have __________________ and _________________.

20. What is the concept of Social Contract? Explain it below in your own words.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________