ANSWERS

THEME 1: INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS

UNIT 1 Humans Have Basic Needs

UNIT 2 Animals Have Basic Needs
UNIT 3 Plants Have Basic Needs

SECTION A
1. C 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. B
6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. C
11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. B
21. B
SECTION B
1. (a) i. The mouse in container A is still alive while the mouse in container B dies.
ii. The mouse in container A has water while the mouse in container B does not.
(b) i. Presence of water in container A but not container B.
ii. 1. Breadcrumbs
2. The number of mice in the containers/ the size of the containers.
(c) So that air can flow in and out of the container
(d) Animals need water to survive / stay alive.

UNIT 4 Life Processes That Humans Carry Out

UNIT 5 Certain Behaviours Can Disturb Life Processes
UNIT 6 Life Processes That Animals Carry Out
UNIT 7 Life Processes That Plants Carry Out

SECTION A
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A
6. C 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. C
11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C
16. B 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. C
21. B 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. D
26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. B
31. B 32. B 33. D
SECTION B
1. (a) P : Air flows in through the nose and into the lungs.
Q : Air flows out from the lungs through the nose.
(b) Air is taken in through the nose. Then air is given out through the nose. There is
an exchange of gases in the lungs.
(c) The lungs
(d) The rate of breathing means the number of chest movements in a minute.
(e) 1. Nicotine
 2. Carbon monoxide
3. Tar
2. (a) i. Sweat ( Water, mineral salts, urea)
ii. Skin / sweat pores on the skin
(b)
Product of human excretion Organ
Urine Kidney
Exhaled air Lungs

(c) The products of excretion are waste matter that are produced by chemical
reactions of the body. Faeces are materials which are not digested in the body
and become solid waste. Faeces is not considered to be an excretory product.

UNIT 8 Animals Protect Themselves

SECTION A
1. A 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. C
6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D
11. D 12. B 13. B
SECTION B
1. (a) 1. Horns
2. Thick skin
(b) i. The anteater is rolling up.
ii. The whole body of the anteater is covered with hard scales when it rolls up.
(c) The poisonous sting at its tail.
(d) The colour of the grasshopper matches with its surroundings. This makes it
difficult for predators to see them.

UNIT 9 Plants Protect Themselves

SECTION A
1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B
6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C
SECTION B
1. (a) Not many types of plants are found and the numbers are few.
(b) Date palms
(c) 1. Its leaves are modified into spines to prevent exercises loss of water due to
evaporation.
2. Thick stems to store water/long roots to find water
THEME 2: INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

UNIT 10 Measuring Length

SECTION A
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. B
11. A
SECTION B
1. (a) The shadow at 8.00 am.
(b) Distance between two points
(c)
8.00 am 9.30 am

2. (a) Length of cubit for each pupil is different.

(b) Majid needs the longest piece cloth because his body size is bigger.
(c) The buyers will not be satisfied because the measurements differ from one
worker to another.
(d) Metre
(e) Measurement based on body parts is not a standard unit because they are not
uniform and differ from person to person.

UNIT 11 Measuring Area

SECTION A
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A
11. C
SECTION B
1. (a) Room P – Living room
(b) Room T – Kitchen
(c) Living room, because the area is widest
(d) Area is the size of a surface.
2. (a) i. 15 tiles
ii. 17 tiles
iii. 32 tiles
(b) 800 cm2 (or square centimeters)

UNIT 12 Measuring Volume

SECTION A
1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B
11. B 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D
SECTION B
1. (a) i. 8 cubes of P
ii. 96 cubes of P
(b) i. 8 cm3
ii. 96 cm3
(c) Box R
(d) A standard unit of volume
2. (a) 45 ml
(b) i. 65 ml
ii. 80 ml
iii. 80 – 45 = 35 ml
(d) 60 ml

UNIT 13 Measuring Mass

SECTION A
1. C 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A
SECTION B
1. (a) P: Compression balance
Q: Newton spring balance
R: Beam balance
S: Butchart balance
(b) i. P – Compression balance
ii. No
(c) Balances R and S
2. (a) Object Q
(b) Object P dan object R
(c) Object S
(d) i. Beam balance
ii. Mass of object
iii. Number of standard unit mass used

UNIT 14 Measuring Time

SECTION A
1. A 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. B
SECTION B
1. (a) Sundial cannot be used for the whole day because it functions only under the
sunlight.
(b) No, because hourglass can be used to measure a short time only i.e.one hour.
(c) Sundial and hourglass are not suitable at present because they are limited in
their use and the time mesured is not accurate.
2. (a) Second  minute  hour
(b) The further the distance the runner covers, the longer is the time taken.
 (c) Stopwatch
(d) P: 4 minutes 36 seconds Q: 1 minute 52 seconds

UNIT 15 The Importance of Using Standard Units

SECTION A
1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B
SECTION B
1. (a) Carton Z
(b) The bigger the carton, the more milk can be filled.
(c) Largeness of a space to fill up with matter
(d) X: millilitre (ml)
Y: litre (l)
Z: litre (l)

THEME 3: INVESTIGATING MATERIALS

UNIT 16 Properties of Materials

SECTION A
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. A
11. A 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B
21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A
SECTION B
1. (a) To group objects that float or sink.
(b) Some objects floats, some objects sink.
(c)
Object Float or sink
Coin Sink
Empty mineral water bottle Float
Stone Sink
Bottle cork Float
Marble Sink
Plastic ball Float
2. (a) i. The filter paper absorbed the water
ii. The white tile does not absorb the water
(b) The filter paper is made up porous material and absorbed the water.
The white tile is made of hard compact material that cannot absorb the water.
(c) 1. Cloth
2. Tissue paper
(d) The filter paper can absorb water but the tile cannot.
3. (a) i. Material that conducts electricity
ii. Material that does not conduct electricity
(b) To investigate which materials can conducts electricity
 (c) i. Iron nail conducts electricity
ii. Plastic spoon does not conduct electricity
iii. Copper wire conducts electricity
4. (a) i. The leaf can be seen clearly
ii. The leaf seen is blurred and not clear
iii. The leaf is not seen
(b) i. Object X allows light to pass through
ii. Object Y allows some light to pass through
iii. Object Z does not allow any light to pass through
(c) i. Object X
ii. Object Y
iii. Object Z
5. (a) To keep things hot/cold
(b) X: Cork
Y: Vacuum
Z: Double glass wall silvered
(c) Y: Reduce heat lost by conduction and convection
Z: Reduce heat transfer by radiation
(d) Polystyrene container
6. (a) Electric iron
(b) P: Plastic
Q: Metal/Iron
(c) P: It is a good insulator of heat
Q: It is a good conductor of heat
(d) To prevent electric shock

UNIT 17 The Importance in Reusing, Reducing and Recycling Materials

SECTION A
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D
SECTION B
1. (a)
Object

Natural materials Man-made materials

Brick Plastic dustbin

Leather shoes Mineral water bottle
Tyre
Ceramic

(b)
 Objects Material
Plastic dustbin Plastic
Brick Soil
Leather shoes Leather
Tyre Rubber
Ceramic Clay from the soil
Mineral water bottle Plastic
(c) Rubber band/Gloves/Water hose/Shoes
2. (a) Recycle the waste material
(b) 1. Paper
2. Glass
3. Plastic
(c) No, because the left over food cannot be recycled.
(d) Make use the container to keep things
(e) i. Use the materials again for other purposes. For example, use the plastic boxes
or bottle to keep things.
ii. Reprocess the used materials into a new product.

UNIT 18 Rusty Materials

SECTION A
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A
11. C
SECTION B
1. (a) To find out the rusty and non-rusty objects
(b) i. Nail, razor blade, wire
ii. Plastic ruler, pencil, gold ring
(c) i. Rusty
ii. Non-rusty
(d) The objects made up of iron and steel can turn rusty.
2. (a)
Apparatus Water Air Condition
P   Non-rusty
Q   Non-rusty
R   Rusty
S   Non-rusty
(b) i. Water and air
ii. Condition of nail
(c) i. Absorbs water in the air
ii. Prevents air from entering into the water
(d) Objects made of iron will rust in the presence of water and air.
3. (a)
Nail X Y Z
Condition after Non-rusty Non-rusty Rusty
one week
(b) Nail X and Y did not rust because the nails had no contact with water and air.
 (c) i. Presence of air and water
ii. Condition of nail after one week
(d) To prevent the water and air from reaching the nails
(e) Rusting can be prevented by preventing the water and the air from reaching the
surface of the iron.
THEME 4 INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND THE UNIVERSE

UNIT 19 The Solar System

SECTION A
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B
6.C 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.A
11.A 12.D 13.B 14.D 15.A
16.C 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.C
21.D 22.A 23.C 24.A 25.A
26.A 27.A 28.C 29.A
SECTION B
1 (a) i. The Earth’s orbit
ii. The Earth’s axis
(b) 1. The Earth orbits the Sun
2. The Earth spins on its axis
(c) The Earth orbits the Sun in an anticlockwise direction. The Earth
spins on its axis in an anticlockwise direction.
(d) All the planets orbit the Sun in the same direction, i.e. anticlockwise direction.
However, there are two planets which spin on their axis in a different direction, i.e. planet Venus
and planet Uranus. The planet Venus spins in a clockwise direction while the planet Uranus spins
on its lateral axis.

2 (a)

Jupiter

Sun

Mars
 (b) 1. They contain stones and metals.
2. They move around the Sun in their own orbit.
3. The sizes and shapes of asteroids are different.
(c) They also move around the Sun like other planets.

3 (a)

Moon Earth

(b) A sago grain

(c) The Moon is smaller than the Earth. The diameter of the Moon is one quarter that
of the Earth.

THEME 5: INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY

UNIT 20 The Importance of Technology in Everyday Life

SECTION A
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. A
6. A 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. A
SECTION B
1. (a) X : Magnifying glass
Y : Binoculars
(b) The ability of humans to see is limited. Humans cannot see tiny or distant
objects.
(c) The magnifying glass enables tiny objects to be seen clearly whereas the
binoculars enable distant objects to be seen clearly.
(d) i. Stethoscope
ii. Calculator
iii. Loudspeaker
iv. Telephone
2. (a) i. Activities P and S
ii. In activities P and S, tools are used to make work easier for humans.
(b) Activities Q and R , because they do not involve the use of any tool.
(c) The use of tools or scientific knowledge to help humans in their work.

UNIT 21 Development of Technology

SECTION A
 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C
6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. D
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
16. D 17. C 18. A
SECTION B
1. (a) A hut; a cave
(b) 1. Bricks
2. Cement
3. Concrete and iron
(c) More houses can be built
(d) i. The construction of skyscrapers
ii. 1. K.L Tower
2. Twin Towers

2. (a) 1. Ability to move faster from place to place

2. Ability to explore outer space
(b) i. This effort will succeed because space technology will keep on developing.
ii. 1. Building tools which can be used in outer space
2. Air supply for humans to live in outer space
(c) Humans can travel to and from outer space to carry out research or live there.

3. (a) No. Human life has become more modern because of the development of
technology.
(b)i. Live in caves, get food by hunting animals and collecting fruits.
ii. Not happy, because life will be very difficult and dangerous in the forest.
(c) 1. Tools for making clothes
2. Tools or methods to build houses
3. Better tools for hunting animals
(d)To make life comfortable and work can be done faster and easier.