a 2007-CE CHEM PAPER 1 margins. HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY ‘Answer ALL questions in each section. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this Question-Answer Book. Do net write In the i BEd is paper consists of TWO sections, Section HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2007 ited ek Se gection A carries 54 marks and Section B carries 36 marks. CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 A Periodic Table is printed on page of this Question-Answer Book Question-Answer Book. Atomic numbers and relative ton obtained from the Periodic Table. SECTION A ‘Answer ALL questions. Write your answers inthe spaces provided a ‘A is 2 compound formed from oxygen and magnesium, while B is a compound formed from oxygen end flucrine. (@® —Diawihe electronic diagram of A, showing elections inthe outermost shils only. (1 mmc ©) Draw the electronic digram of showing electors inthe entermast shel only (mari) (© Compare the meting points of 4 an 8 your enswe points of 4 and B. Explain your answer ee ‘A stent performed an experiment to ertck paraffin il and collect the gescous products by using a boiling tube © Draw a labeled diagram to show how this expeciment can be performed in the laborstory (3 marks) © — © The student added a few drops of bromine wat into the boiling tubs cortaining the gaseous products. The brown colour of bromine water disappeared immediately. Why? (i)“The student then dropped more bromine water into the boiling tube untl the brown colour of the bromine water persisted, After about 10 minutes, the brown colour disappeared, Why? (4 marke) io masses of elements can be °F/p)‘The diagram below shows the set-up used in performing’a microscale experiment. A érop of hydrochloric acid was added to the drop of chlorine bleach ina peti dish and the dish was Immediately covered with ts lid. Chlorine gas formed by the reaction between chlorine bleach and hydrochloric acid eventually filled up the whole set-up, lid adrop of, drop of acidified potassium iodide potassium permanganate solution solution petri dish ‘drop of chlorine bleach and hydrochloric acid {@) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between chlorine bleach and hydrochloric acid. (1 mark) (b) State the expected observation at position C and position D. In each case, write a relevant chemical equation ifa reaction occurred. Position € (i) Position D (@ marks) (©) Suggest one advantage of replacing test tube experiments with microscale experiments (mat)— 4. A-student learnt from a book that an ancient chemical cell could be made by immersing an iron rod in a liquid placed inside a copper can. To liquid used was vinegar but not wine. The diagram below shows the set-up designed by him in simulating the cell multimeter iron rod vinegar copper can (@) Explain, in terms of structure and property of particles, why the liquid inside the ancient chemical cell was vinegar but not wie = mars) (b) The student found that the iron rod dissolved gradually, and colourless gas bubbles were given ‘out on the inner wail of the copper ean. (Write a half equation, involving iron, forthe reaction that occurred atthe iron tod, (i) Write a halfequation forthe reaction that occurred on the inner wall ofthe copper can. (2 marks) (©The student found that colourless gas bubbles were also given out at the surface of the irom rod that immersed in vinegar. Explain the observation. coving 5. A solid semple contains zine and copper only. The composition of the solid sample was analysed experimenially as outlined below: 2.00 g of the solid sample was added to excess dilute hydrochloric acid in a beaker. Upon completion of reaction, the mixture inside the beaker was filtered, ‘The residue obtained was first washed with distilled water, and then dried. The mass of the dried residue was 1.75 g. (®) Write # chemical equation for the reaction involved, . (mark) (b) How cen one know that the reaction has been completed? (1 mack) (mark) (©) Explain why it is necessary to wash the residue obtained. (© Explain why itis NOT appropriate to dry the residue with « Bunsen flame after washing, (1 mark) (©) Assuming negligible experimental errors, calculate the percentage of aine by mass in the solid sample. mane6. Read the paragraph below and answer the questiors that follow. Magnesium is a useful metal, Sclentists adopt different methods to extract magnesium from magnesium oxide. In 1828, 9 sciontist obtained magnosium in two steps, In the first step, magnesium oxide reacts with chiorine and carbon to form magnesium chloride, in the second step, the magnosium chloride formed reacts with potassium to give magnesium. In 1951, some scientists adopted another chemical Process to obtain magnesium from magnesium chloride. Potassium is not used in this, process, and thero is oven no neod to use any other chemicals. (@) Write a chemical equation for the reaction that occurred in the first step of the method used by the scientist in 1828. (mark) (b) Name the type of reaction between potassium and magnesium chloride. Why can potassium react ‘with magnesium chloride to give magnesium? (eit, (© @___ What would be the chemical process that can obtain magnesium from megnesium chloride, without using potassium or other chemicals, in 1951? Gi) What property does magnesium chloride possess so as to make the chemical process possible? (Q marks) (@) Suggest one use of magnesium in deily life mari, This question involves how to distinguish four unlabelled test tubes, each containing one of the following colourless liquids: methanol, concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water, hexane (@) By heating a small amount of each of the colourless liquids to dryness, ONE of the liquids can be distinguished, Suggest which liquid can be distinguished, end state the observation involved, (2 marks) () “By applying a flame ditectly to a small amount of each of the colourless liquids, TWO of the liquids would catch fire. (Suggest which two liquids would catch fire. (i) For the two liquids that would catch fire, the observations invelved during combustion are different. Suggest the difference in these observations, and explain your answer. Gii) Without using other chemicals apart from the above colourless liquids, suggest another method to distinguish the two liquids that would catch fire. State the expected observation. (Smelting is not accepted.) (imada) ps@ oy ‘Teflon is a plastic that can be used 10 make artificial hip join's, Teflon is an addition polymer of linear structure consisting of carbon and fluorine only. ‘The ratio of the number of carbon atoms to the number of fluorine atoms in the polymer is 1 :2. @ qi) Draw a portion of the teflon structure with 10 carbon atoms, Write the repeating unit of teflon, and suggest a possible monomer of teflon, Repeating Unit Monomer (@ mais) aL pw a cg. A pon below: ‘i i fF ICH) FNC or) -mee > Some "bape 2 9 sep t fi fi fi 4 q (0 With seteence tothe given stusture, explain whether nylon is a thermaplaseor a Temosetng ol Ci) Suggestone eeson vty reveing of usd carpets to tecover nylon dieu, ip State one disadvantage of disposing of nylon carpets by incineration, marks)OF fy, For question 9, candidates are required to give answers in paragraph form. For this question, 6 marks will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective communication. 9. A certain brand of rust remover contains an acid of high concentration, The rust remover can be used for removing tough rust stains; while the rust remover, efter dilation, can be used for removing comparatively light rast stains, Write some instructions, with reasons, on how the rust remover can be used safely at home. Two sentences have been given below as an introduction, (9 marks) be kept out of ich from children as it contains an acid of hhigh conosntration. The rust remover should not be swallowed bSECTION B Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided to. u. {nan experiment to determine tho concentration of phosphoric acid (H,P.O,), 10.0 erm? of the acid was first diluted to 250.0 cm? with distilled water. 25.0 cm’ of the diluted solution was then transferred to a conical flask and titrated with a 0.025M sodium hydroxide solution using phenolphthalein as indicator. 17.60 cm’ of sodium hydroxide solution wes needed to reach the end point (a) Describe briefly how 10.0 erm? of phosphoric acid con be diluted to 250.0 em? with distilled water in the laboratory. (2 marks) {b) Phosphoric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide in the titration according to the following equation: HPO, + 2NaOH ———>NaylIPO, + 21,0 Calculate the molerity of the original phosphoric acid before dilution. G marks) (©) ‘Atthe beginning of titration, the solution in the conical flask turned pink upon the addition of Sodium hydroxide solution but became colourless immediately upon swirling, However, neat the ‘end point, the solution took Jonger time to become colouriess upon swirling Explain why the time needed for the solution to become colourless is different at the two stages mentioned above. (2 marks) (@) Inthe titration, the 0.025 M sodium hycroxide solution was used as a standard solution. (@ What does the term ‘standard solution’ mean? Gi) Comment whether it is appropriate to prepare a standard soluti by the following procedure: of sodium hydroxide ‘Welgh a sample of solid sodium hydroxide, dissolve it in some distilled water and make up to a known volume of solution.’ (2 marks) Ina chemical plant, extraction of copper from its ores involves roasting copper(I) sulphide with air inside high temperature furnace. Copper(l) sulphide reacts with oxygen in air according to the following equation: (Cus$ + 0: ———> 2cu +80; The copper so extracted contains impurities including metals such as silver, iron, zinc and gold, The impure copper is then purified by electrolysis as illustrated in the diagram below:f@) ) © @) © impure copper anode’ —f ure copper cathode anode sludge copper) sulphate solution With reference to the reaction between copper(D) suiphide and oxygen, identify the species Undergoing exidation and the species undergoing reduction. Explain your answets in tems of changes in oxidation numbers. (2 marks) Explain briefly how impure copper can be purified by electrolysis as illustrated in the diagram above. (2:marks) Insoluble impurities deposit under the impure copper anode as ‘anode shidge’. According to the information given, suggest what substances the anode sludge would contain. Explain your answer. - @ marks) “The concentration of copper!) ions in copper( It) sulphate solution remains UNCHANGED in the above electrolysis.” Is this statement correct? Explain your answer, (2 marks) State TWO advantages of building a factory in which contact provess is carried out near the chemical plant mentioned above, (@ marks) ays2. Organic compound Z contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only. Analysis of Z gives the following results: @ 10g ofZ cont 0.401 g of carbon, 0.068 g of hydrogen and 0.531 g of oxygen. (@) 10g 0fZ, upon complete vapourisation, occupies 400 em at room temperature and pressure. (HD There are no observable changes when potassium carbonate selution is added to Z, GY) Brown colour of bromine remains unchanged when several drops of bromine ia oxgante solvent are added to Z, (Molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure = 24 dex?) (@)—Caloulate the empirical formula of Z. (@ marks) (®) —_Deduce the molecular formula of Z. (2 marks) © Suggest a possible structure of Z. Explain your answer. (1) Give the systematic name for the compound represented by ihe structure you suggested in(). (4 marks) For question 13, candidates are required to give auswers in paragraph form. For this question, 6 marks will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective communication, 13. Discuss the similerties and differences between soapy detergents and soapless detergents with reference to thetr raw materials, structures and properties, le (9 marks) End oF PAPER