Ledi Sayadaw - Kammathana-Dipani - လယ္တီဆရာေတာ္ - ကမၼ႒ာနဒီပနီ

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--------------
bk&m;ESifh omoemudk BuHKawGUcJykH
'kwd,ykpäm\ tajzudk jyqdkaytHh/ /
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tajz NyD;\/
---------------
bk&m;omoemESifh vlYtjzpf
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------------------------
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jzpfrI ½G½Gç ½G½GaeykHudk jrifvdrfhrnf? a&jr§Kyfqdkifç a&jr§KyfcJESifh
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[laom oP²mefj'AfynwfBuD;ay:½Sd ckcHydwfqD;í raeapESifh?
twGif;ü cufrmrIawG w½G½Gaeonfudk ÓPfESifh pl;pdkufxdk;xGif;í
jrifatmifMunfhav? wpfzef xdkoH&nfudk a&at; oDwOwkESifh
avmif;í t&nfMunfMunfrS yuwd cJNrJcJ rmNrJrmjyef&müvnf;
El;nhHaom yx0DawG tqifhqifh csKyfuG,faoqkH;í cufrmaom
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&m\/
cuf r mrI [ l a om y&rwf a jr"mwf v u© P mü trmBuD ;
tqifhqifçh trmEk tqifhqifh ½Sdjyef\? trmEkudk El;nhHrIqdkonf?
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awmifBuD;awGudk urÇmrD;tjyif;txef ESdyfpufzdpD;í avmif&mü
twGif;y&rwf ajr"mwftrlt&m Bud,mpkudk pl;pdkufxdk;xGif;í
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rlonf? þrsupf ad ygufro S m bk&m;udk jrifEikd o
f rl nfonf? w&m;udk
jrifEdkifolrnfonf? omoemawmfudk awGU&olrnfonf?
xdkaMumihf-
a,m acg 0uúvd "r®H yówd? aom rH yówd/
a,m rH yówd? aom "r®H yówd 1--
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aom=xkdolonf? rH=igbk&m;ukd? yówd=awGUjrif&aomolrnf\?
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þum; tvGefqkH;aomcufrmrIukd jyqkdcsufwnf;/
---------------------------
tvG e f E l ; nH h a om rk ' k y&rwf

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jyqdkcsufwnf;/
------------------------
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yk*K¾d v\f twåç owå0g\ twå[pk v GJ rf;Mu\? yk*K¾d v\
f tESpo f m&ç
owå0g\ tESpo f m&[k pJv
G rf;Mu\? ]]pJv G rf;MuyHu
k m; b,f[mudk
yk*K¾d vq
f o kd enf;ç owå0gqdo k enf;}}ar;cJvh Qif onf[mudq k o
kd nf[k
½kyfcE¨mudk jyMuukefvwåHU? ]]igç ig-[k oifqdk\? b,f[mudk ig
qdkoenf;}}-[kar;cJhvQif rdrd½kyfcE¨mudk jyMuukefvwåHU? oifonf
½kyfcE¨mukd yk*d¾vf owå0g ig-[kjy\? ]]½kyfcE¨monf yk*d¾Kvf owå0g
ig touf&SnforQ touf&SnfEdkifaom tESpfom&rsdK; [kwfyg\
avm}}-[k ar;&m\? [kwfyg\? ½kyfcE¨m touf&SnforQumv
ywfvHk; yk*d¾Kvf owå0g ig touf&Snfonfum; rsufjrif'd|wnf;/
½kyfcE¨m ysufqHk;rSyif yk*d¾Kvf owå0g ig ysufqHk;&onf-
[kajymayvwåUH ? yk*K¾d vf owå0gonf wpfb0wGif tpü wpfcgom
jzpfrI y#doaEäerI &S\ d ? tqH;k ü wpfcgomysurf I aorI&\ dS ? ]]½kycf E¨m
onfvnf; wpfb0wGif wpfcgom jzpfrI y#doaEäerI ½Sdoavm?
tqH;k ü wpfcgom ysurf I aorI &So d avm}}-ar;&m\? ½kycf E¨monf
wpfb0wGif tpü wpfcgom jzpfr½I \ dS ? tqk;H ü wpfcgom ysurf &I dS
\-[k ajymayvwåHU/
þum; "mwf r suf p d r&S d M uuk e f a om tE¨ A mvwd k Y t m; ½k y f c E¨ m ud k
twåom& pJGvrf;MuyHk tMurf;wnf;/
wpfESpfwGif;ü yk*d¾Kvfonf wpfESpfywfvHk; wnfae\?
]]½kycf E¨monf wpfEpS yf wfv;kH wnfae\avm}}-ponfjzifh em&Dç rdepf
rsufawmifwpfcwfwdkifatmif tar;xkwfav? ajcvIyfjcif;ç
vufvIyfjcif; tp&Sdaom wpfckç wpfckaom avmursufrsufjrif
Bud,mpkwdkYüvnf; wpfckç wpfckaom Bud,mudk ydkif;jcm;í tar;
xkwfav? ar;wdkif; wnfaeyg\-[k ajymayvwåHU/
þum; pJGvrf;yHktvwfwnf;/
"mwfrsupf ad ygufou l kd ar;cJv h Qif wpfcçk wpfcak om ½kycf E¨m
onf wpfem&Dç wpfred pf vufzspw f pfwu G f vQyw f pfjyufrQ touf
&Snfí wnfaeEdkifonfukd ÓPfürjrif wpfxdkiftwGif;rSmyif
tcgrsm;pGm "mwf\aojcif;jzifh aoqkH;rI "mwftopftopf
y#doaEäejcif;jzifh jzpfay:rIwu Ykd okd m ÓPfüjrifojzifh ½kyEf iS yhf *k K¾d vf
,SOfzufí tMurf;ar;enf; tvwfar;enf; ESpfrsdK;vHk;üyif
yk*d¾KvfwnfaeouJhodkY ½kyfcE¨m rwnfEdkif[k ajzqdkvwåHU? tZÆswå
oEÅmefwGif;ü ÓPfpl;pdkufojzifh wu,fjrifí ajzqdkrI rSefcJhvQif
tewå"mwfrsufvHk;aygufayNyD[k od&m\? þodkYjrifaom tcgü
um; ½kyfcE¨monf yk*d¾Kvf owå0g\ txnfcH trmcH tESpfom&
twå jzpfEdkifrnfa0;pG? yk*d¾Kvf owå0gudkrQ &SmMuHr& &SdvwåHU?
þum; ½lyu©monf a&jr§KyfESifhwlonf[k a[mawmfrlojzifhtom&
tedpö tewå wpfcsufwnf; NyD;pD;yHkwnf;/
]]tESpfom&rsdK; r[kwfonfhtwGuf a&jr§KyfESifhwlonf[k

a[mawmfrlojzifh ½kyfcE¨m'ku©ukd tb,fokdYjyawmfrloenf;}}-
ar;cGef;ü ]]b,a|e 'ku©H}}-[lonfESifhtnD tMuifw&m;rsdK;onf
rdrdukdwG,fwmaom olwdkYtm; rsm;pGmaom'ku©ukd jzpfapwwf\?
xkdw&m;rsKd;onf aMumufrufzG,f aumif;vSaom ab;b,rsdK;
ppfppfjzpfí 'kuw © &m;rsKd ;rnf\? a½SUüjyqkcd NhJ y;D onft
h wkid ;f tom&
tedpö tewåppfppfjzpfaom ajr"mwfudk OD;acgif;t*FgjyKí wG,w f m
rItwGuf rsupf t d *Fgç em;t*Fgç ESmacgif;t*Fgç cHwiG ;f t*Fgç OD;aESmuf
t*Fgç vnfyif;t*Fgç tonf;-tqkw-f ESv;Hk onf;yGwf t*Fgponf
jyKí wG,fwmrItwGuf toufarG;rI 'ku©ab;BuD; tNrJuyfoifh
íae\? ukef;owå0gç a&owå0gç aus;iSuf[kqkdtyfaom aumif;
uifysHowå0gwkdY\ toufarG;rI ab;BuD; tNrJuyfwkdufí aeykHukd
tukefarQmfav/
terw*¾oHo&müvnf; þenf;twkdif;yif toufarG;rI
uJhokdYBuD;us,faom tyg,f'ku©ab;BuD;rnfonfr½Sd? þum;
tESpfom&r½Sdaom a&jr§KyfESifhwlaom ajr"mwfukd ukd,fxnf
jyKvkyfí wG,fw,frIaMumifh terw*¾oHo&mESihftrQ toifhcHí
aeMu&aom txif½Sm;qkH;aom 'ku©ab;BuD;pkukd jyqkdcsufwnf;?
a½S;üjyqkdcJhNyD;aom tm'De0tcsufpkonfvnf; yx0Dajr"mwf\
'ku©tcsufpkyifwnf;?
þrS w pf y g;aom 'k u © t csuf p k u m; ]]tm[m&'D y eD } } ]]tewå ' D y eD } }
]]pwkopö'DyeD}} pmtkyfwkdYüyg½SdavNyD? a&"mwfç rD;"mwfç av"mwf
wkdYüvnf; xkdenf;wlodav/
r[mbk w f a v;yg; a>rtvm;

þt&mü
pwåma&m tmoD0dom O*¾awZm aCm&0domwd acg
bd u © a 0 pwk a eé w H r[mbl w meH t"d 0 peH -
[laom ygVdawmfukd jyqdk&m\/
bdu©a0=&[ef;wdkY? tmoD0dom=vQifaomtqdyf½Sdukefx
aom? O*¾awZm=xufoefaom wefc;kd ½Su d ek x
f aom? aCm&0dom=
Murf;wrf;aom tqdy½f u dS ek x
f aom? pwåma&m=a>re*g;Mu;D av;rsKd ;
wd[
Yk o
l nf? pwkE=éH av;yg;ukeaf om? r[mblwmeH=r[mbkww f \
Ykd ?
t"d0peH=trnfwnf;/
a>re*g;MuD;av;ckwdkY\ txl;udkrlum;-
1/ yw¬a'¨g b0wd uma,m? !a|m u|rkace 0g1/
yx0D H " mwk yaumaye? a[mwd u|rk a c0
aom/
2/ yl w d a um b0wd uma,m? !a|m yl w d r k a ce
0g/
tmayg"gwk yaumaye? a[mwd yl w d r k a c0
aom/
3/ oEÅ a wå m b0wd uma,m? !a|m t*d ¾ r k a ce
0g/
awaZm'gwk yaumaye? a[mwd t*d ¾ r k a c0
aom/
4/ oOö d a Eé m b0wd uma,m? !a|m ow¬ r k a ce
0g/
0ga,m"mwk yaumaye? a[mwd ow¬ r k a c0
aom/
(t|uxmygXf )
1/ a,m uma,m=
uma,m=tMuifcE¨mudk,fudk? u|rkace 0g=
u|rkc a>rrsdK;onfvnf;? !a|m= !a|m=udkuftyf\? aom uma,m=
xdkcE¨mudk,fonf? yw¬ a '¨ g ==xif;acsmif;oP²mef cufxefawmifh
wif;í ao&onf? b0wd= jzpf\? owåmeH=owå0gwd\ Yk ? uma,=
ud,
k üf ? yx0D"mwk yaumaye=ajr"mwfapmif;rmef cufxeft"r®
x<uaomif;use;f cJo h nf&adS omf? aom uma,m=xdck E¨mud, k o
f nf?
u|rkac0= u|rkc a>rudu k af om ud,
k üf uJo
h ?Ykd yw¦a'¨g=xif;acsmif;
oP²mef cufxefawmifhwif;í ao&onf? a[mwd=jzpf\/
2/ a,m uma,m=tMuifcE¨mud, k u
f ?kd ylwrd ak ce 0g=ylwrd ck
a>rrsKd;onfvnf;? !a|m=udkuftyf\? aom uma,m=xdkcE¨m
udk,fonf? ylwdaum='Gg&xdkxkd t&nf,dkvsuf pdkpdk&TJ&TJ ndKrJrnf;
arSmif n§Da[mifeHapmf tykyfaysmfí ao&onf? b0wd=jzpf\?
owå m eH = owå 0 gwd k Y \ ? uma,yd = ud k , f ü vnf ; ? tmayg"mwk
yaumaye=a&"mwfapmif;rmef cufxeft"r® x<uaomif;usef;
cJhonf½Sdaomf? aom uma,m=xdkcE¨mukd,fonf? ylwdrkac0=
ylwdrkca>rukdufaom ukd,füuJhodkY? ylwdaum='Gg&xdkxdk t&nf,dk
vsuf pdkpdk&TJ½TJ ndKrJrnf;arSmif n§Da[mifeHapmf tykyfaysmfí ao&
onf? a[mwd=jzpf\/
3/ a,m uma,m=tMuifcE¨mudk,fudk? t*d¾rkace 0g=
t*¾drkca>rrsKd;onfvnf;? !a|m=udkuftyf\? aom uma,m=
xdck E¨muk,d of nf? oEÅawåm=tvl;tvJ tonf;txef ylyefavmif
uRr;f íao&onf? b0wd=jzpf\? owåmeH= owå0gwd\ Yk ? uma,yd=
uk, d üf vnf;? awaZm"mwk yaumaye=rD;"mwfapmif;rmef cufxef
t"r® x<uaomif;usef;cJhonf½Sdaomf? aom uma,m=xdkcE¨m
ud,k of nf? t*¾rd ak c0=t*¾rd ck a>rudu
k af om ud, k üf uJo h ?Ykd oEÅawåm=
tvl;tvJ tonf;txef ylyefavmifuRr;f í ao&onf? a[mwd=
jzpf\/
4/ a,m uma,m=tMuifcE¨mudk,fudk? ow¬rkace 0g=
"m;vufeufEiS w hf al om ow¬rck a>rrsK;d onfvnf;? !a|m=udu k t
f yf
\? aom uma,m= xdkcE¨mukd,fonf? oÍäd aEém=&if;wGif;ç 0rf;
wGif;ç ESvHk;wGif;ü t&if;tjrpf tqpftpyf aoG;aMumjywfí
rwfwyfwdrf;vJ ½kwfceJcsif; aowHkvQif;onf? b0wd=jzpf\/
owå m eH = owå 0 gwd k Y \ ? uma,yd = ud k , f ü vnf ; ? 0ga,m"mwk
yaumaye=av"mwfapmif;rmef cufxeft"r® x<uaomif;use;f
cJhonf½Sdaomf? aom uma,m=xdkcE¨mudk,fonf? ow¬rkac0=
ow¬rkca>rudkufaom udk,füuJhodkY? oÍäd aEém=&if;wGif;ç 0rf;wGif;ç
ESvHk;wGif;ü t&if;tjrpf tqpftpyf aoG;aMumjywfí rwfwyf
wdrf;vJ ½kwfceJcsif; aowHkvQif;onf? a[mwd=jzpf\/
(xif½Sm;&mudk xkwfazmfíjyvdkufaom teufwnf;)
aoonfjzpfap raoonfjzpfap ukd,fwGif;ukd,fy tem
a&m*g rtDrom jzpfMuorQonf xdak >rwdu Yk kd uduk rf cI sn;f yifwnf;?
wpfukd,fvHk;ü wnf½SdMuukefaom a>rBuD;av;rsKd;wdkYonf ravQmf
aom Owktm[m&onf xdcdkufojzifh trsufapmif;rmef tjyif;
txef x<uaomif;use;f Muonf½adS omf wpfu, kd v f ;kH ü tcd;k tvQH
vTwjf cif; avqd;k ç rd;k qd;k usapjcif; ponfujkd yKí tzsm;tema&m*g
Oy'fwdkYudk jzpfapMuukef\/
½lyum,wdkYü azm|AÁtpG,fcsufç emrum,wdkYü zó
tpG,fcsufudkay;í 'ku©a0'emwdkYudk jzpfapMuukef\/
- OD;acgif;ü wnf&SdMuukefaom a>rMuD;av;rsdK;wdkYonf
OD;acgif;udk udkufí OD;acgif;emtrsdK;rsdK;wdkYudk jzpfapMu
uke\ f /
- &ifü wnf½SdMuukefaom a>rBuD;av;rsdK;wdkYonf &ifwGif;½Sd
ESvkH;onf;yGwfwdkYudkudkufí &ifemtrsdK;rsdK;wdkYudk jzpfapMu
uke\ f /
- rsupf üd wnf½MdS uukeaf om a>rBu;D av;rsKd ;wdo Yk nf rsuvf ;Hk
udk udkufí rsufpdemtrsdK;rsdK;wdkYudk jzpfapMuukef\/
- xdkenf;twl em;ü wnf½SdMuukefaom "mwfBuD;wdkYonf
em;em trsdK;rsdK;wdkYudk jzpfapMuukef\/
-ESmacgif;ü wnf½SdMuukefaom "mwfBuD;wdkYonf ESmacgif;em
trsdK;rsdK;wdkYudk jzpfapMuukef\/
-cHwGif;ü wnf½SdMuukefaom "mwfBuD;wdkYonf cHwGif;em
trsdK;rsdK;wdkYudk jzpfapMuukef\/
þodkY tp½Sdonfjzifh wpfudk,fvkH;tESHYtjym; jrifav/
ol o wf ½ d k ; &m bk w f a v;jzm
avmuü tema&m*gjzpfrI[lorQç aoqkH;rI[lorQonf
"mwfBuD;av;yg; vIyf½Sm;rIESifhuif;í jzpfonfr½Sd? tZÑwå"mwfBuD;
av;yg; vIyf½Sm;azmufjyefjcif; r½SdchJonf½Sdaomf rdk;BudK;yifypf
aomfvnf; emusifrI aoqkH;rI r½Sdav&m? rdk;BudK;ypfí aoqkH;rI?
AkH;qefç tajrmufqefç aoewfqefxdrSefí aoqkH;rI? "m;vSHxdí
aoqkH;rI? a>rqdk;ç uif;qdk; udkufí aoqkH;rI? tvkH;pkH wdkYüyifvQif
tZÑw"å mwfBu;D av;yg; vIy½f mS ;azmufjyefí aoqk;H rIBu;D omwnf;?
tytEÅ&m,fwdkYonfum; xdktZÑwå"mwfBuD;av;yg;wdkYudk wdkYrD;pç
½IUd rD;pwdo
Yk mwnf;? aoMuorQtvk;H pkw H üYkd tZÑw"å mwfBu;D av;yg;
wdo Yk nfom {uefrck s tpOfxm0& olowf vufonf ½d;k &mBu;D wdYk
aywnf;? xdkYaMumifh oH,kwfygVdawmfü-
1/ a,m bd u © a 0 yx0D " mwk , m OyÜ g a'g Xd w d
tbd e d A Á w å d ygwk b ma0g? 'k u © a óaom OyÜ g a'g?
a&m*geH Xdwd? Z&mr&Pó ygwkbma0g/
a,m tmayg"mwk,m OyÜga'g Xdwd? tbdedAÁwåd
ygwkbma0g? 'ku©aóaom OyÜga'g? a&m*geH Xdwd?
Z&mr&Pó ygwk b ma0g/
a,m awaZm"mwk,m OyÜga'g Xdwd tbdedAÁwåd
Z&mr&Pó ygwk b ma0g/
a,m 0ga,m"mwk,m OyÜga'g Xdwd tbdedAÁwåd
Z&mr&Pó ygwkbma0g -
[lí a[mawmfrlonf/
bd u © a 0=&[ef;wdkY? yx0D"mwk,m=cuf rmrI oabm\?
a,mOyÜga'g=tMuify#doaE¨tcgü jzpfvmjcif;onf? ,m Xdwd=
tMuifwnfaxmifíaejcif;onf? ,m tbdedAÁwåd=tMuifvGefpGm
jzpfyGg;jcif;onf? a,m ygwkbma0g=tMuifxif&Sm;pGm jzpfyGg;jcif;
onf? tw¬d=½Sd\? {aom=xdky#doaE¨tcgü yx0D"mwf\ jzpfay:
rIonf? 'ku©ó= 'ku©cyfodrf;\? Oyga'g= jzpfvmrIyifwnf;? ,m
Xdw=d tMuifyx0D"mwf\ wnfaxmifíaerIonf? a&m*geH=a&m*g
trsdK;rsdK;wdkY\? Xdwd=y#doaE¨ wnfaeonfrSpí rsm;aom txk
wnfaxmifryI ifwnf;? aom ygwkbma0g= xdyk x0D"mwf\ xif&mS ;
jzpfay:rIonf? Z&mr&Pó=tdrk I aorI\? ygwkbma0g=y#doaE¨
wnfaeonfrSpí rsm;vsm;xif&Sm; jzpfay:rIyifwnf;/
tmay:"mwk,m=zJpYG nf;rIç ,dpk nf;rIoabm\? a,m OyÜa'g=
tMuify#doaE¨tcgüjzpfvmjcif;onf? ,m Xdwd=tMuif wnf
axmifíaejcif;onf? ,m tbdedAÁwåd=tMuif vGefpGmjzpfyGm;jcif;
onf? a,m ygwkbma0g=tMuifxif½Sm;pGm jzpfyGm;jcif;onf?
twå=d ½S\ d ? {aom=xdyk #doaE¨tcgü tmayg"mwf\ jzpfay: rIonf?
'kuó © ='kuc© yford ;f \? OyÜga'g=jzpfvmrIyifwnf;? ,m Xdw=d tMuif
tmayg"mwf\ wnfaxmifí aeawmfro l nf? a&m*geH=a&m*gtrsK;d
rsKd;wdkY\? Xdwd=y#doaE¨ wnfaeonfrSpí rsm;aom txkwnf
axmifryI ifwnf;? aom ygwkbma0g=xdk tmayg"mwf\ xif½mS ;jzpf
ay:rIonf? Z&m r&Pó=tdkrI aorI\? ygwkbma0g=y#doaE¨
wnfaeonfrSpí rsm;vsm;xif½Sm; jzpfay:rIyifwnf;/
awaZm"mwk,m=ylrI at;rIoabm\? a,m OyÜga'g=
tMuify#doaE¨tcgü jzpfvmjcif;onf? ,m Xdwd=tMuifwnf
axmifíaejcif;onf? ,m tbdedAÁwåd= tMuifvGefpGm jzpfyGg;jcif;
onf? a,m ygwkbma0g=tMuifxif½Sm;pGm jzpfyGm;jcif;onf?
twåd=½Sd\? {aom=xdky#doaE¨tcgü awaZm"mwf\ jzpfay:
rIonf? 'ku©ó='ku©cyfodrf;\? OyÜga'g=jzpfvmrIyifwnf;? ,m
Xdwd=tMuifawaZm"mwf\ wnfaxmifíaerIonf? a&m*geH=
a&m*gtrsK;d rsK;d wd\
Yk ? Xdw=d y#doaE¨wnfaeonfrpS í rsm;aom txk
wnfaxmifrIyifwnf;? aom ygwkbma0g=xdk awaZm"mwf\
xif½Sm;jzpfay:rIonf? Z&mr&Pó=tdkrI aorI\? ygwkbma0g=
y#doaE¨wnfaeonfrSpí rsm;vsm;xif½Sm; jzpfay:rIyifwnf;/
0ga,m"mwk,m=vIy½f mS ;rIç axmufyrhH çI ydaYk qmifrI oabm\?
a,m OyÜga'g=tMuify#doaE¨tcgü jzpfvmjcif;onf? ,m Xdwd=
tMuifwnfaxmifíaejcif;onf? ,m tbdedAÁwåd=tMuifvGefpGm
jzpfyGm;jcif;onf? a,m ygwkbma0g=tMuifxif½Sm;pGm jzpfyGg;jcif;
onf? tw¬d=½Sd\? {aom=xdky#doaE¨tcgü 0ga,m"mwf\
jzpfay:rIonf? 'kuó © ='kuc© yford ;f \? OyÜga'g=jzpfvmrIyifwnf;?
,m Xdw=d tMuif0ga,m"mwf\ wnfaxmifíaerIonf? a&m*geH=
a&m*gtrsKd ;rsKd ;wk\Yd ? Xdw=d y#doaE¨wnfaeonfrpS í rsm;aomtxk
wnfaxmifrIyifwnf;? aom ygwkbma0g=xdk 0ga,m"mwf\
xif½Sm;jzpfay:rIonf? Z&mr&Pó=tdkrI aorI\? ygwkbma0g=
y#doaE¨wnfaeonfrSpí rsm;vsm;xif&Sm; jzpfay:rIyifwnf;?
þowå0gwdkYü y#doaE¨tcg "mwfBuD;av;yg; jzpfay:onf
ESiw
hf pfNyKd ief uf ,ckb0ü awGUMuKH &vwåUH aom 'kuc© yford ;f wko Yd nf
jzpfay:Ny;D rnfuek \ f ? a&m*gBu;D i,f cyford ;f wdo Yk nf wnfaxmifNy;D
rnfuek \ f ? tdrk I aorI cyford ;f wdo Yk nf xif&mS ;jzpfay:Ny;D rnfuek \ f
[lvo kd nf/
þodaYk om t&mtcsurf sm;udk arQmjf rifrMd uukeo f nf&adS omf
avmuü 0d½lyu©ç {&myx tp&Sdukefaom a>re*g;rsKd;wdkYudk
tmod0doç aCm&0doç O*¾awZ[lí rqdkavmufMuavukef? xdk
a>re*g;rsK;d wdx Yk uf wefc;kd &deS 0f g Bu;D us,pf mG aom *VKerf if;ç ewfrif;ç
odMum;rif;ç jA[®mrif;wdrYk S rvGw&f atmif ESyd pf ufnO§ ;f qJ tjru J u
kd f
owfíaeaom tZÑwå"mwfBuD;av;yg;wdkYudkomvQif tmod0doç
aCm&0doç O*¾awZ[lí ac:qdkavmufMuayukefownf;/
xdkYaMumifh ]]pwå m a&m tmod 0 d o m O*¾ a wZm aCm&
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-------------------
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--------------------
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---------------------
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----------------
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---------------
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-------------
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---------------------
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-----------------------
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kd u
kd af eMuaom olwo Ykd nf
xdk&Gmqdk;ukef;BuD;ü nOfhtdyfí aeMuukefaom olwdkYESifhwlukef\?
þum; pu©K'Gg&\ &Gmqdk;ukef;BuD;ESifh wlyHkudfk jyqdkcsufwnf;/
xdkenf;twl toHtrsdK;rsdK;udk Mum;rI[laom aomw
'Gg&e,fBuD;\ &Gmqdk;ukef;BuD;ESifh wlyHk? teHtrsdK;rsdK;udk eHrI[laom
Cme 'Gg&e,fBu;D \ &Gmqd;k uke;f Bu;D ESihf wly?kH tcsKd ç tcsOt f p&Sad om
t&om trsdK;rsdK;udk cHpm;rI[laom Zd0Sg'Gg&e,fBuD;\ &Gmqdk;
ukef;BuD;ESifh wlyHk? t0wft½kH arxkefumrtp&Sdaom azm|AÁudk
cHpm;rI[laom um,'Gg&e,fBuD;\ &Gmqdk;ukef;BuD;ESifh wlyHk? rem;
rae taxGaxG tvmvm MuHrI odrI[laom raem'Gg& teEÅ\
Bu;D us,vf pS mG aom &Gmqd;k uke;f Bu;D ESihf wlyrkH sm;udv
k nf; pu©KrmS uJo
h Ykd
toD;toD; tus,fESifhwuG odtyfMuukef\/
aomwd ` E´ d , H toH 0 k w H 0d [ &EÅ H tbd Z Ñm
a'greóm ygyum tukovm "r®m tEGmóa0,sHK/
Cmed ` Ed ´ , H toH 0 k w H 0d [ &EÅ H tbd Z Ñm
Zd0SdÈd´,H toH0kwH 0d[&EÅH tbdZÑm
um,dÈd´,H toH0kwH 0d[&EÅH tbdZÑm a'gr-
eóm ygyum tukovm "r®m tEGmóa0,sHK/1
redÈd´,H toH0kwH 0d[&EÅH tbdZÑm a'gre-
óm ygyum tukovm "r®m tEGmóa0,sHK/
oVm,we0*¾oH,kwå? yg? ESm-384
(pu©KÈ´d,H 0gusudkrSD;í 0gusazmfxm;onf)
aomwdÈd´,H=aomwdaÈúdk? toH0kwH=rydwfrqdkYrlí?
0d[&EÅH=aeaomoludk? tbdZÑm a'greóm=tbdZÑma'greó
wdo
Yk nfvnf;aumif;? ygyum=tMurf;tMuKwf t,kww f rmjzpfuek f
aom? tukovm "r®m=raumif;qd;k &Gm; w&m;trdu
k w
f oYkd nfvnf;
aumif;? tEGmóa0,sHK=rD;cdk;avQmufvQif uyfa&muf0ifyl; t½l;
wdkufjcif;ponfudk jyKMuukef&m\/
CmedÈd´,H= CmedaÈúdk? toH0kwH= rydwfrqdkYrlí? 0d[&EÅH=
aeaomoludk? tbdZÑm a'greóm=tbdZÑma'greówdkYonf
vnf;aumif;? ygyum=tMurf;tMuKwf t,kww f rm jzpfuek af om?
tukovm"r®m=raumif;qd;k &Gm; w&m;trdu k w f o Ykd nfvnf; aumif;?
tEGmóa0,sHK=rD;cdk;avQmufvQif uyfa&muf0ifyl; t½l;wdkufjcif;
Zd0SdÈd´,H=Zd0SdaÈúdk? toH0kwH=rydwfrqdkYrlí? 0d[&EÅH=ae
aomoludk? tbdZÑm a'greóm=tbdZÑm a'greówdkYonfvnf;
aumif;? ygyum=tMurf;tMuKwf t,kwfwrm jzpfukefaom?
tukovm"r®m=raumif;qd;k &Gm; w&m;trdu k w f o Ykd nfvnf;aumif;?
tEGmóa0,sHK=rD;cdk;avQmufvQif uyfa&muf0ifyl; t½l;wdkuf
jcif;ponfudk jyKMuukef&m\/
um,dÈd´,H=um,daÈúdk? toH0kwH=rydwfrqdkYrlí? 0d[
&EÅ=H aeaomolu?kd tbdZÑm a'greóm=tbdZÑm a'greówdo Yk nf
vnf;aumif;? ygyum=tMurf;tMuKwf t,kww f rmjzpfuek af om?
tukovm "r®m=raumif;qd;k &Gm; w&m;trdu k w f o Ykd nfvnf; aumif;?
tEGmóa0,sHK=rD;cdk;avQmufvQif uyfa&muf0ifyl; t½l;wdkufjcif;
redÈd´,H=redaÈúdk? toH0kwH=rydwfrqdkYrlí? 0d[&EÅH=
aeaom oludk? tbdZÑm a'greóm=tbdZÑm a'greówdkYonf
vnf;aumif;? ygyum=tMurf;tMuKwf t,kww f rm jzpfuek af om?
tukovm "r®m=raumif;qd;k &Gm; w&m;trdu k w f o Ykd nfvnf;aumif;?
tEGm óa0,sHK=rD;cdk;avQmufvQif uyfa&muf0ifyl; t½l;wdkufjcif;
i&JbHkü &SdaeMuaom owå0gteEÅç wd&pämefbHkü &Sdae
M uaomowåå 0gteEÅç NydwåmbHkü&SdaeMuaom owå0geEÅç tol&
um,fbHkü&SdaeMuaom owå0gteEÅwdkYudk ajcmufyHkajcmufpk
jyKonf&adS omf wpfyw
kH pfpo
k nf pu©Ke,fBu;D rS jzpfaom Oy'fEiS u
hf s
a&mufolwdkYwnf;? wpfpHkwpfpkonf aomwe,fBuD;rS Cmeç Zd0Sgç
um,ç raeme,fBuD;rSjzpfaom Oy'fESifh usa&mufolwdkYwnf;?
xdkajcmufXmerS tvGwf[lí r&SdfNyD/
þwGifa&GUum; ]]okanm *garmwd acg bdu©a0 qaEéwH tZÑwådumeH
tm,wemeH t"d0peH}} [laom ygVdawmf\ teuft"dyÜg,fudk tus,f
azmfjycef; NyD;\/
tjyiftm,we ajcmufyg;wdkYudk jyqdkjcif;

Am[d & m,we obm0
apm&m *grCmwumwd acg bd u © a 0 qaEé w H
Am[d & meH tm,wemeH t"d 0 peH -
[laomygVdawmfjrwfü -
bdau©a0=&[ef;wdkY? *grCmwum=&Gmudk wdkufzsufwwf
ukefaom? apm&m="m;jywdkY[lonf? qEéH=ajcmufyg;ukefaom?
Am[d&meHtm,wemeH=tytm,wewdkY\? {wH t"d0peH=þ
trnfwnf;/
1/ tqif;trsdK;rsdK;[laom ½lyg,we?
2/toHtrsdK;rsdK; [laom o'´g,we?
3/teHY trsdK;rsdkK;[laom *E¨m,we?
4/t&omtrsdK;rsdK;[laom &om,we?
5/yx0Dç awaZmç 0ga,m[kqdktyfaom tawGUtxd
trsdK;rsdK;[laom azm|AÁm,we?
6/ jyqdkcJhNyD;aom a0'emu©E¨m onmu©E¨m ocFg&u©E¨m?
twG i f ; tm,weajcmuf y g;ES i f h w uG avmu*k P f ç
"r®*kPfç trdkuf*kPfç tvdr®m*kPf[laom "r®m,we?
þajcmufyg;onf twGif;tm,weajcmufyg;wdkYrS ty
jzpfaom Am[d&m,weajcmufyg;rnfukef\/
&Gmzsuf"m;jy Oyrm
xdkAm[d&m,we ajcmufyg;wdkYonf NrdKU&GmwdkYudk wdkufcdkuf
vk,ufaESmihf,Suf zsufqD;pm;aomufNyD;vQif aeMuukefaom
awmtkyf "m;jywyfBu;D awGEiS hf wluek \ f ? tb,foYkd wluek o f enf;
[lru l m; xdx
k akd wmtkyw f \ Ykd teD;ü NrKd U½k;d ç usK;H ajrmif;ç ol&çJ olcufç
vufeufBud,mç ql;pnf;ç wHcg;ç tapmifhta&SmufwdkYrS uif;Mu
ukefaom NrdKU&GmBuD;i,fwdkYonf &SdMuukef&m\? xdkxdkawmtkyfwdkYü
vnf; NrdKU&Gmudk wdkufzsufvk,ufí toufarG;Mu? taomuf
tpm;ESihf avmif;upm; MuL;Muukeaf om ig;&mtpk wpfaxmiftpk
&SdMuukefaom "m;jywdkYonf &SdMuukef&m\/
xdk"m;jywdkYonf aeYrqdk nOfhrqdk wdkufcdkufvdkaomtcg
eD;&meD;&m NrdKU&Gmed*Hk;wdkYudk 0ef;0dkif;wdkufcdkufí tvdk&Sd&m ouf&Sd
oufrJh OpömwdkYudk ,laqmifMuavukef\? &GmaevlwdkYudk ac:iifí
acsmydkY0efxrf; cdkif;apMuukef\? xdkxdkNrdKU&GmolwdkYonf vufeuf
Bud,mNrdKU½kd;ç usKH;ajrmif;ç ql;0if;ç pnf;wyfç wHcg;ç tapmifhtMuyf
r&Su
d ek of nfjzpfí "m;jywdYk tEdyS t f pufukd tNrcJ MH u&uke\ f ? ypön;f
Opöm &SmMuHvkyfaqmif pkaqmif;í xm;Muukefaomfvnf; txkyf
txnf t<u,ftaX; rjzpfEdkifMu? trGJtwD;jzpfí aeMuukef\?
tcsKd UtcsKd Uaom olwo Ykd nf ypön;f Opöm pm;&mrJh 0wf&mrJjh zpfMu ojzifh
"m;jywdkY\ tpD;tyGm;udkyif tm;&SdorQ onfydk;&Gufaqmifí
pm;aomufcg aeMu&ukef\/
aAm"dyu©d,udk "m;jyzsufyHk
þOyrmü o'¨gç oDvç okwç pm*ç ynmç [D&dç MowåyÜ
wnf;[laom olawmfaumif;Opöm ckEpS yf g;onf oHo&mü usiv f nf
Muol vlç ewfç jA[®m owå0gwdkY\Opömrnfukef\? omoemawmf
wGif;üum; aAm"dyhu©d,w&m; oHk;q,hfckESpfyg;udk twGif;Opöm
qdkav/
twGi;f tm,we ajcmufyg;wd\ Yk taygif;tpkjzpfMuaom
þukd,fcE¨mpkonf xkdNrdKU xkd&GmpkESifh wlukef\? ouf½Sdç oufrJhç
tqif;ç oP²mefç toHç teHUç t&om tp½Sdaom Am[d&m,we
ajcmufyg;onf "m;jywyfawGESifh wlukef\? tmZD0|ruoDvç
£È´d,oH0&oDvç um,*wmowd tp½SdonfwkdYrS uif;vGwf
Muukefaom AmvykxkZOf owå0gwkdYonf vufeufBud,mç NrdKU½kd;ç
usK;H ajrmif;ç ql;pnf;ç wHcg;wkrYd S uif;ukeMf uaom xkNd rKd U &GmolwEYdk iS hf
wluek \ f /
ajcmuf'gG & Oypmü½Sad eMuukeaf om tm½kaH jcmufyg;wko Yd nf
tNrJtMuyf apmifhxdef;tyfaom oDvoH0& ql;pnf; wHcg;vnf;
r½SdMuukefaom tokbbm0emç um,*wmowd tp½Sdaom
vufeufBud,mwkdYrSvnf; uif;½Sif;Muukefaom xkdxkdcE¨m NrdKU&Gm
ed*kH;wkdYukd 'Gg&ajcmufoif; [mvm[if;wkdYrS wpfxkdifwGif;rSmyif
tBudrfwpf&mru twif;0ifa&mufMuukefí xkdxkdukokdvfpdwf
ukov dk rf aem aumif;aomtBut H zefwnf;[laom ypön;f Opömwku Yd dk
twif;wkdufzsuf vk,ufqkH;½IH;apMuukef\/
aumif;aomraemukd 0ifpm;í aepOftcgü ajcmuf'Gg&wGif
ckdufwkdufvmaom xkdxkdtm½kHonf xkdukokdvfraemukd tao
owfí xkyd *k Kd¾ vu f dk rdrt
fd xHoYdk wBuBH uH warmharmh aeatmifjyK\?
xkdyk*¾dKvfonf xkdukokdvftBuHukdvGwfí xkdtm½kHxHokdY a&muf&\?
xktd m½kH "m;jyaemufoyYdk g&av\? xku d o k v
dk rf aemonf b,ftcgrS
tm;tif½SdpGm bm0emtppf txkyftxnftjzpfokdYa&mufatmif
wnfaxmifpkaqmif;rdonf[k r½SdMu&ukef/
,ckb&k m;omoemawmfwiG ;f rSm BuKBH uKd uMf uí bk&m; wum
ausmif;wum cHMuvsuf toufajcmufq,f toufckepf q,f
touf½Spfq,f ½Sdonfwkdifatmif tytm½kH "m;jywkdYu O'¨pöç
0dwufç vufeufcyif;ESihf w'kid ;f 'kid ;f ypfciG ;f rIrpJ ½Sad eaomaMumifh
tmemygeówd tp½Sad om bm0emtxkyt f xnf vufuidk rf ½SEd ikd f
MuukefyJ rGJvsuf wD;vsufESifhyif aeMuaoMu&ukef\/
terw*¾b0oHo&m Mumanmif;Muukeaf omfvnf; tyg,f
'ku©ponfwkdYrS tpOfxm0& vGwfNidrf;apEkdifaom bm0em "r®
"eOpömwkdYESifh uif;uGmwkHvpf vufrJhjzpfíom vmcJhMuonfh
twGuaf Mumifh ,ckxufwidk f t0dZmÆ arSmif;Bu;D wef;vef;ç ouúm,
'd|d tarSmuftrSm;Bu;D wef;vef;ç 'kp½ku d u f aH [mif; teEÅwef;vef;ç
'kp½kdufuHopf jzpfcGifhwef;vef;ç tyg,fab;BuD;wef;vef; ½Sdae
Muuke\ f /
b0wkdif;ç b0wkdif;wkdYü bm0emw&m; pm;&rJh 0wf&rJh
jzpfMuukefí rsufpdtm½kH[laom "m;jywyfBuD;\ tpD;tyGg;ç
em;tm½kH [laom "m;jywyfBu;D \ tpD;tyGg;ç ESmacgif;tm½k[ H al om
"m;jywyfBuD;\ tpD;tyGg;ç vQmtm½kH[laom "m;jywyfBuD;\
tpD;tyGg;ç ukd,fcE¨mtm½kH[laom "m;jywyfBuD;\ tpD;tyGg;ç
raemtm½kH [laom "m;jywyfBu;D \ tpD;tyGg;wku Yd dk tiftm;½So d rQ
tm;xkwf vkyfaqmifum vmMu&ukef\/
tm½kHajcmufyg; "m;jywkdY\ vufeufBud,mwkdYum; wpf
axmifhig;&mudavomwnf;[laom rD;xkyfvufeufpkaywnf;?
tm½kaH jcmufyg;wnf;[laom "m;jywko Yd nf xkxd o dk wå0g uk,
d cf E¨m
wnf;[laom NrdKU&Gmukd wpfaxmifhig;&m udavomwnf;[laom
"mwfr;D xkyw f EYdk iS hf rjywfrpJ wku
d ½f UdI Muuke\ f ? xkcd E¨mwnf;[laom
NrdKU&GmwkdYü owdy|mefpaom tESpfOpöm &wemwkdYonf b,frSm
wnfEkdifMuukefthHenf;/
þokdYaomteufukd jyjcif;iSg ]]apm&m apm&m *grCmwumwd
acg bd u © a 0 qaEé w H Am[d & meH tm,wemeH t"d 0 peH}}
[lí a[m awmfrlayonf/
þwGifa&GUum; Am[d&m,we ajcmufyg;ukd jyqkdcef;NyD;\/
-----------------
"mwf 18-yg;ukd jyqkdjcif;
"mwf w pf q ,f h ½ S p f y g;
,cktcg "mwf 18-yg;ukd jyqkdaytHh/
1/ ao,sxmyd bd u © a 0 u|Oö y#d p ö t*¾ d Zvwd
u|*¾ d a wG 0 ocsø *pä w d /
2/ ouvd u Oö y#d p ö t*¾ d Zvwd ouvd u *¾ d a wG 0
ocsø *pä w d /
3/ wdPOö y#dpö t*¾d Zvwd wdP*¾dawG0 ocsø *päwd/
4/ a*gr,Oö y#dpö t*¾d Zvwd a*gr,*¾dawG0 ocsø
*pä w d /
5/ xkoOö y#dpö t*¾d Zvwd xko*¾dawG0 ocsø *päwd/
6/ ouFm&Oö y#dpö t*¾d Zvwd ouFm&*¾dawG0 ocsø
*pä w d /
1/ {0ar0 acg bdu©a0 pu©KOö y#dpö ½lay p OyÜZÆwd
0d n mPH pu© K 0d n mPaEÉ 0 ocsø *pä w d ?
2/ aomwOö y#dpö oa'´ p OyÜZÆwd 0dnmPH aomw
0d n mPaEÉ 0 ocsø *pä w d ?
3/ CmeOö y#d p ö *aE¨ p OyÜ Z Æ w d 0d n mPH Cme
4/ Zd 0 S O ö y#d p ö &ao p OyÜ Z Æ w d 0d n mPH Zd 0 S g
5/ um,Oö y#dpö azm|aAÁ p OyÜZÆwd 0dnmPH um,
6/ reOö y#d p ö "ar® p OyÜ Z Æ w d 0d n mPH raem
(r[mwPSmocF,okwf ygVdawmf)
1/ bdu©a0=&[ef;wkdY? ao,sxmyd=Oyrmqdkonf½Sdaomf
um;? u|Oö=xif;opfom;ukdvnf;? y#dpö=pJGrSDí? a,m t*¾d=tMuif
rD;onf? Zvwd=awmuf\? aom t*¾d=xdkrD;onf? u|*¾dawG0=
xif;rD;[líomvQi?f ocs=ø ac:qdak &wGujf cif;ok?Yd *päw=d a&muf\/
2/ ouvduOö=xif;aygufudkvnf;? y#dpö=pJGrSDí? a,m
t*¾d=tMuifrD;onf? Zvwd=awmuf\? aom t*¾d=xdkrD;onf?
ouvdu*¾ad wG0= xif;aygufr;D [líomvQi?f ocs=ø ac:qdak &wGuf
jcif;okdY? *päwd=a&muf\/
3/ wdPOö=jrufukdvnf;? y#dpö=pJGrSDí? a,m t*¾d=tMuif
rD;onf? Zvwd= awmuf\? aom t*¾d= xdkrD;onf? wdP*¾dawG0=
jrufr;D [líomvQi?f ocs=ø ac:qdak &wGujf cif;ok?Yd *päw=d a&muf\/
4/ a*gr,Oö=EGm;acs;ukdvnf;? y#dpö=pJGrSDí? a,m t*¾d=
tMuifr;D onf? Zvwd= awmuf\? aom t*¾=d xdrk ;D onf? a*gr,*¾d
awG0= EGm;acs;rD;[líomvQi?f ocs=ø ac:qdak &wGujf cif;ok?Yd *päw=d
a&muf\/
5/ xkoOö=zGuJ v
dk nf;? y#dp=ö pJrG í
DS ? a,m t*¾=d tMuifr;D onf?
Zvwd=awmuf\? aom t*¾d=xdkrD;onf? xko*¾dawG0=zGJrD;[lí
omvQif? ocsø=ac:qdka&wGufjcif;okdY? *päwd=a&muf\/
6/ ouFm&Oö=trIdufpkukdvnf;? y#dpö=pJGrSDí? a,m t*¾d=
tMuifr;D onf? Zvwd=awmuf\? aom t*¾=d xdrk ;D onf? ouFm&*¾d
awG0=trIdufrD;[líomvQif? ocsø=ac:qdka&wGufjcif;okdY? *päwd=
a&muf\/
1/ bdua© 0=&[ef;wd?Yk {0ar0acg= þtwlomvQi?f pu©KO=ö
pu©K"mwfudkvnf;aumif;? ½lay p=tqif;trsdK;rsdK;[laom ½ly
"mwfwdkYudk vnf;aumif;? y#dpö=tpJGjyKí? ,H 0dnmPH=tMuif
0dnmP"mwfonf? OyÜZÆwd=jzpfay:\? wH 0dnmPH=xdk0dnmP
"mwfonf? pu©K0dnmPaEÉ0=pu©K0dnmP"mwf[líomvQif?
ocsø=ac:qdka&wGufjcif;okdY? *päwd=a&muf\/
2/ aomwOö= aomw"mwfudkvnf;aumif;? oa'´ p=toH
trsdK;rsdK;[laom o'´"mwfwdkYudkvnf;aumif;? y#dpö=tpJGjyKí? ,H
0d n mPH = tMuif 0 d n mP"mwf o nf ? OyÜ Z Æ w d = jzpf a y:\? wH
0dnmPH=xdk0dnmP"mwfonf? aomw0dnmPaEÉ0=aomw
0dnmP"mwf[líomvQif? ocsø=ac:qdka&wGufjcif;okdY? *päwd=
a&muf\/
3/ CmeOö=Cme"mwfukdvnf;aumif;? *aE¨ p= teHYtrsdK;
rsKd ;[laom *E¨"mwfwu Ykd v
kd nf;aumif;? y#dp=ö tpJjG yKí? ,H 0dnmPH=
tMuif0dnmP"mwfonf? OyÜZÆwd=jzpfay:\? wH 0dnmPH=xdk
0dnmP"mwfonf? Cme0dnmPaEÉ0=Cme0dnmP"mwf[í l om
vQif? ocsø=ac:qdka&wGufjcif;okdY? *päwd=a&muf\/
4/ Zd0SOö=Zd0Sg"mwfudkvnf;aumif;? &ao p=zefç cg;ç csdKç iefç
csOçf jyefç tpyf &o"mwftrsKd ;rsKd ;wdu
Yk vkd nf;aumif;? y#dp=ö tpGjJ yKí?
,H 0 d n mPH = tMuif 0 d n mP"mwf o nf ? OyÜ Z Æ w d = jzpf a y:\/
wH0dnmPH=xdk0dnmP"mwfonf? Zd0Sg0dnmPaEÉ0=Zd0Sg 0dnmP
"mwf[líomvQif? ocFsH=ac:qkda&wGufjcif;ukd? *päwd= a&muf\/
5/ um,Oö=um,"mwfukdvnf;aumif;? azm|aAÁp=
tawGUtxd trsdK;rsdK;[laom azm|AÁ"mwfwkdYukdvnf;aumif;?
y#dpö=tpGJjyKí? ,H 0dnmPH=tMuif0dnmP"mwfonf? OyÜZÆwd=
jzpfay:\? wH 0dnmPH=xd0k n d mP"mwfonf? um,0dnmPaEÉ0=
um,0dnmP"mwf[líomvQif? ocFsH=ac:qkda&wGufjcif;okdY?
*päwd=a&muf\/
reOö=b0ifpdwfukdvnf;aumif;? 1 "ar® p= 69-yg; "r®"mwf
rsm;wku
Yd vdk nf;aumif;? y#dp=ö tpGjJ yKí? ,H 0dnmPH=tMuif0n d mP
"mwfonf? OyÜZw Æ =d jzpfay:\? wH0n d mPH=xd0k n
d mP"mwfonf?
raem0dnmPaEÉ0=raem0dnmP"mwf [líomvQi?f ocFs=H ac:qkd
a&wGufjcif;okdY? *päwd=a&muf\/
pu©K"mwf - 1? ½ly"mwf - 1? pu©K0dnmP"mwf - 1?
þ"mwfokH;yg; wpfpkH/
aomw"mwf - 1? o'´"mwf - 1? aomw0dnmP"mwf -1?
Cme"mwf - 1? *E¨"mwf - 1? Cme0dnmP"mwf - 1?
Zd0Sg"mwf - 1? &o"mwf - 1? Zd0Sg0dnmP"mwf - 1?
um,"mwf- 1? aAm|AÁ"mwf -1? um,0dnmP"mwf -1?
þ"mwfoHk;yg; wpfpHk/
yOö'gG &m0ZÆe;f ESihf orÜ#pd Kdä e;f a'G;[kqt
kd yfaom raem"mwf-
1? 2 tm½kHig;yg;wdkYrS <uif;aom cyfodrf;aom ukodkvf tukokdvf
tAsmuw"r®"mwf -1? raem0dnmP"mwf -1? þ"mwfoHk;yg;
wpfp/kH
"mwfzuf 3-yg; tpHkaygif; 6-pHk jzpf\/
wPSmocF, okwåef
þokwåefa'oemawmfudk Oyrmrsm;pGmESifh a[mawmfrl
&jcif;\taMumif;um; bk&m;a&Tvufxufawmfü ]]omwd omwd } ]
trnf&Sd aom &[ef;tm; ]]wa'0d wa'0d ' H 0d n mPH oE¨ m 0wd
oHo&wd e tnH}} [laom rdpmä 'd|t d ,lonf jzpf\? edp'ö |d w d nf;/
wa'0d'H 0dnmPH=xd0k n d mPfwpfco k nfyifvQi?f oE¨m0wd=
ajy;oGm;\? oHo&wd=ajymif;a&TU\? (tnH=topftopf wpfyg;
wpfyg;jzpfí? e oE¨m0wd=ajy;oGm;onf r[kwf? e oHo&mwd=
ajymif;a&Tonf r[kwf/)
t"dygÜ ,fum; 0dnmPfonf owå0gwpfa,mufrmS wpfck om
½Sd\? &ifwGif;rSm tNrJwnf\? rsufpdrSm ½lyg½Hk xifvmaom tcgü
xdk0dnmPfonfyifvQif &ifwGif;rS rsufpdaygufodkY ajymif;a&GUí
½lyg½Hu
k kd Munf½h \
I ? em;rSm toHxifvmjyefvQif em;odYk ajymif;a&GUí
o'´g½Hu k kd Mum;\? þenf;twl ajcmuf'gG &wdüYk tm½Hq k u
kd w
f u
kd vf m&m
ajymif;a&GUajy;oGm;í xdkxdktm½Hkudk ,l\? cHpm;\? wpfb0vHk;
wpfckwnf;jzpfí tNrJwnf\? b0ajymif;jyef vQif xdk0dnmPf
wpfcw k nf;onfyifvQif xdx k bkd 0odYk ajymif;oGm; av\? csKyo f nfç
ysufonfç aoonf[lí r½Sd? urÇmtqufquf tNrJwnf\
[lvdkonf? oów'd|drsKd;wnf;/
xdt k ,lukd y,fazsmufí 0dnmPf\ tedp"ö r®rsK;d ç tewå"r®
rsKd; ppfppfjzpfaMumif;udk jyawmfrljcif;iSg þa'oemawmfudk a[m
awmfrlayownf;? þa'oemawmfü 0dnmPf 6- yg;udkom a[m
awmfrv l &kd if; jzpfjim;aomfvnf; "mwf 18-yg;vnf;yg0ifonf? Oyrm
Oyar,sESifhvnf; jynfhpHkvSonf? "mwf 18-yg;wdkYwGifvnf;
0dnmP"mwf 7-yg;ü edpöt,lç twåt,l tvGefcdkifNrJMuvSonf
jzpfí þpmtkyfrSm "mwf 18-yg;t&mü þa'oemawmfjrwfudk
xkwfjyayownf;/
"mwfwpfq,fh½Spfyg; cGJenf;
"mwf 18-yg; tpOfcGJenf;um; "mwfzuf 3- yg;? 6- pHkwdkY
wGif a½SUig;pHkrSm a½SUüjyqdkcJhNyD;aom twdkif;yif? aemufqHk; 3-yg;
wpfpHkürlum; raem"mwf- 1? raem0dnmP"mwf- 1? "r®"mwf- 1
[lí qdkav/
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oHk;ckudk ,lav/
raem0dnmP"mwfrSmvnf; yÍö0dnmP"mwf- 10? raem
"mwf- 3-ckrS <uif;aom pdwfaygif; 76- ckudk ,lav? "r®"mwfrSm
vnf; apwodu-f 52 ? okcrk ½ky-f 16? edAmÁ efwu Ykd kd ,lav? xkwjf ycJh
NyD;aom a'oemawmfüum; 'Gg& 6- yg;? tm½Hk 6- yg;? 0dnmPf 6-
yg;udk y"mejyKí a[mawmfrlonf? "mwf 18- yg; oufoufudk
y"mejyKí a[mawmfrl&if;r[kwf/
þpmtkyfü xifvG,fjrifvG,fMuapjcif; tusKd;iSg xdka'o
emawmfenf;udk tpOfrSD;í "mwfur®|mef;udk jyqdkaytHh? a½S;OD;pGm
xkwjf yaom Oyrmü (1 ) xif;rD;awmuf? (2 ) xif;aygufr;D awmuf?
(3 ) jrufrD;awmuf? (4 ) EGm;acs;rD;awmuf? (5 ) zGJrD;awmuf? (6)
trIdufrD;awmuf? (rD;awmufajcmufrsKd;/ )
rD;udk awmufapEdik af om a,mufsm;\ya,m*aMumifh xif;
acsmif;udkpGJrSDí awmufaomrD;onf xif;rD;awmufrnf\? <uif;
aomrD;awmufig;rsKd;wdkYüvnf; xdktwlwnf;/
xdkrD;awmuf 6-yg;wdkYonf toD;tjcm;pD jzpfMuukef\?
xif;rD;awmufonf xif;üom jzpf\? xif;üomwnf\? xif;üom
ysuf\? ao\? xif;aygufrD;awmuf ponfwdkYonfvnf; xif;
aygufponfwdkYüom jzpfukef\? wnfukef\? ysufukef\? aoukef
\? xif;rD;awmufonf xif;üjzpfí xif;aygufoYkd ul;ajymif;onf
r½S?d xif;aygufr;D awmuf ponfwo Ykd nfvnf; wpfcok nfwpfco k Ykd
ul;ajymif;onf r½SdMuukef/
apm'em&ef ½So d nfum; tb,fah Mumifh wpfco k nf wpfco k Ykd
ul;ajymif;jcif; r½SdMuukefoenf;? avmursufjrifü rD;wpfckonf
rD;pmwpfckodkY ul;ajymif;rI ½Sdonfr[kwfavm[k apm'em&ef ½Sd\?
ul;ajymif;rI r[kwf? rD;pmwpfckü rD;awmufapvdkonf½Sdaomf wpf
yg;aom rD;awmufü xdrk ;D pmudx k í
d xm;\? wpfyg;aom rD;awmuf
onf xdrk ;D pmudNk rK§d uí
f xdrk ;D pmü½S&d if;jzpfaom awaZmudk vIUH aqmf
\? EId;\? tm;ay;\? xdkawaZmonf awmufíx\? xdkrD;pmü
rD;awmuf&\? wpfyg;aom rD;awmufonf xdkrD;pmodkY ul;ajymif;
onf r[kwf? wpfckaomtdrfudk rD;avmifí wpfckaomtdrfodkY rD;
ul;&müvnf; þenf;wl? rD;onf rD;pmwpfckrS rD;pmwpfckodkY ul;
ajymif;jim;tH?h yxrrD;pmudv k wT íf 'kw,d rD;pmü pG&J vdrrhf nf? rD;rnf
onf rD;pmrSvw G v
f Qif aoNr"J r®wmjzpfí yxrrD;pmrS tvGww f iG f
ao\/
apm'em&ef ½Sdjyefonfum; rD;awmufrnfonf av\ t
[keftm;jzifh wpfckaomXmerS jywfvGifhaví wpfckaomXmerSm
pGEJ ikd o
f nfum; rsujf rifr[kwyf gavm[k apm'em&ef ½Sjd yef\? jywfí
vGiahf vaom rD;awmufü awaZm\tpGr;f jzifh yxrrD;pmrS jzpfymG ;
íoGm;aom yx0Dr;D pmonf yg½So d nfomjzpf\? xdo k [Zmwf yx
0D rD;pmudk pGJívGifhav\? rD;pmESifhuif;í vGifhavonf r[kwf?
xdrk ;D pmtukew f iG f ao&\? xdrk ;D pmonf rsupf Ed iS hf jrifaumif;onf
r[kw?f xdaYk Mumifh rsupf Ed iS hf jrifaumif;&mrQukd tpGjJ yKí rD;ul;onf
[k a0g[m&jzpfownf;? þum; rD;ul;rIü avmu"r® ESpfyg;
½Sif;vif;csufwnf;/
wpfckaomrD;pmrS wpfckaomrD;pmodkYom rul;onfr[kwf
ao;? xif;rD;pwpfcük awmufaom rD;onfvnf; xdx k if;rD;pü wpf
ckaom t|uvmyfrS wpfckaomt|uvmyfodkY ajymif;ul;onf[l
í r½Sd? olUuvmyfESifh olUrD;awmufom jzpf\? olUrD;avmifí olU
uvmyfuek q f ;kH vQif olUrD;vnf; ukeq f ;kH Nr"J r®wm jzpf\? tNyKd ijf zpf
aom uvmyfwpfyg;odkYvnf; ajymif;ul;jcif;r½Sd? a½SUaemuftpOf
jzpfaom uvmyfwpfyg;odkYvnf; ajymif;ul;jcif;r½Sd? rD;udkvnf;
aumif; rD;awmufuv kd nf;aumif; aphaphMunf½h í I aevQif vIyv f yI f
&G&G jrifMu&\? xdv k yI rf çI &Gr[
I ol rQonf toD;toD; olu Y vmyfEiS hf
olYrD; jzpfay:rI ysufqHk;rIaywnf;/
þum; avmu"r®ESpfyg;wGif rkcstrSefjzpfaom
"r®tvdkudk jyqdkcsufwnf;/
þwGif a&GUum; Oyrm 6- csufü ½Sif;vif;csufNyD;\/
------------------------
"mwftdrf "mwftdk;
wpfa,muf wpfa,mufaom owå0goEÅmefü "mwftrd f 6-
rsKd;? "mwftdk; 6- rsKd;? "mwfrD;pm 6- rsKd;? "mwfrD;awmuf 6- rsKd;?
"mwfrD;udk n§dxGef;ol 6- rsKd;? "mwfeef;BudK; taxmifru ½SdMu\/
rsufvHk;tdrf- 1? em;tdrf- 1? ESmacgif;tdrf- 1? cHwGif;tdrf-1?
twGif;ty wpfudk,fvHk;- 1? ESpfvHk;tdrf- 1? þum; "mwftdrf 6-
rsK;d wnf;/
rsufvHk;- 1? em;- 1? ESmacgif;- 1? vQm- 1? tvHk;pHkaom t
&xlç ta&yg; tom;qdik çf tom;cJç tonf;ç tqkwçf tlrç tlord çf
ESvkH;ç ausmufuyfç taMumBuD;ç taMumi,fç jcifqDç OD;aESmuf
tp½Sdaom tZÑwåoEÅmefwpfckvkH; - 1? ESvkH;aoG; - 1? þum;
"mwftkd; 6-rsdK;wnf;/
pu©K0w¬K½kyf - 1? aomw0w¬K½kyf - 1? Cme0w¬K½kyf - 1?
Zd0Sg0w¬K½kyf - 1? um,0w¬K½kyf - 1? [',0w¬K½kyf - 1? þum;
xkd"mwftkd; 6-rsdK;wkdYüwnf½Sdaom "mwfrD;pm 6-rsdK;wnf;/
pu©K0dnmPf - 1? aomw0dnmPf - 1? Cme0dnmPf - 1?
Zd0Sg0dnmPf - 1? um,0dnmPf - 1? raem0dnmPf - 1? þum;
xk"d mwfr;D pm 6-rsKd ;wküYd rSí
D jzpfaom "mwfr;D awmuf "mwfr;D tvif;
6-rsdK;wnf;/
rSD&mudpöudk tpJGjyKí 0w¬K½kyf 6-rsKd;udk rD;pmqdkayonf?
avmif pmjzpfí qdo k nfr[kw?f tm½Hu k kd tvif;jyrIaMumifh 0dnmPf
6-yg;udk "mwfrD;awmuf qdkayonf? ylavmifrIaMumifh qdkonf
r[kw/f
tqif;trsKd;rsKd; - 1? toHtrsKd;rsKd; - 1? teHYtrsKd;rsKd; - 1?
t&omtrsKd;rsKd; - 1? tawGYtxdtrsKd;rsKd; - 1? ukodkvf tukodkvf
tAsmuw"r® trsKd;rsKd; - 1? rdrd rdrdwdkYqdkif&m "mwfrD;awmufudk
xatmifnd§xGef;Muol 6-rsKd;/
&ifwGif;&Sd ESvHk;om;[laom tcsKyftjcmjzpfaom [',
"mwftdrfrS wpfudk,fvHk;tESHY oG,fwef;vsuf&Sdaom aoG;aMum
BuD;i,ftaygif;udk "mwfeef;BudK; taxmifruqdkonf? tqif;
trsK;d rsK;d tp&Sad om tm½Hk 6-yg;udrk u l m; a&eHqt D vm;uJo h Ykd "mwf
rD;udk tvGefawmufapEdkif yGm;apEdkifaom "mwfrD;pm 6-rsKd;
[lívnf;qdktyf\? þum; cE¨myk&[laom"mwfNrdKUBuD;\ "mwf
Bud,mpkudk tusOf;jyqdkcsufwnf;/
[',"mwftdrf tcsKyftjcmjzpfyHkum; y#doaE¨ tcgrSpí
jzpfay:ívmcJah om b0ifac:aom raem0dnmP "mwfr;D awmuf
onf [',"mwftrd w f iG ;f &Sd ESv;kH aoG;ESihf tjynf&h adS eaom [',
0w¬K½kyfudk pJGrSDí cPrpJ wpfzGm;zGm; wpfvufvuf jzpfay:í
ae\? tvGefrdSefarS;aom "mwfrD;awmufrsKd;omwnf;? tm½Hk
rSmvnf; a&S;b0ü r&PmoEéwGif xifjrifcJhzl;aom tm½Hka[mif;
wpfckckudkom tjrJtm½HkjyK\? ,ckb0wGif xifjrifawGY&Sdaom
tm½Ho k pfukd tm½Hrk jyK? xdaYk Mumifh xdb k 0if\tm½Hu k kd xdyk *k K¾d vof nf
rodEdkif? xdk[',"mwf tdrfwGif;ü wpfjcm;wpfyg;aom 0dnmP
"mwfwdkY jzpfay:cdkuf MuHKBudKufaomtcgüom xdkb0ifpdwfonf
jywfp\ J /
xdktwl pu©K"mwftdrf tp&Sdaom "mwftdrfwpfyg;wdkYü
yOö0d nmP"mwfwdkY jzpfay:cdkuf MuHKBudKufaomtcgwdkYüvnf;
xd k b 0if pd w f o nf jywf p J \ ? xd k p um;rS e f \ ? pd w f r nf o nf
wpfu, kd vf ;kH rSm xdx
k akd e&mü wpfcw k pfco
k m jzpfay:jrJ "r®wm wnf;?
wpfudk,fvHk; rSm þae&m xdkae&mü NydKifíjzpfay:onf r&Sd?
pu©K"mwftdrfrSm jzpfay:qJtcg wpfudk,fvHk;rSm pu©KwGifom
pdwf&Sd\? <uif;aom wpfudk,fvHk;rSm pdwfr&Sd? aomw"mwftdrf
ponfwdkYrSm jzpfay:qJ tcgwdkYüvnf; þenf;wlodav? þum;
"r®wmwnf;/
odkYaomfvnf; pdwf\jzpfrI ysufrIrnfonf? rsufawmif
wpfcwfcefYcPüyif uka#wpfodef;ru vsifjrefvSonf jzpfí
xdxk tkd qif;udk jrifrI xdx k t
kd oHukd Mum;rI ponfwo Ykd nf tNyKd iyf if
jzpfouJo h o Ykd m xifMu&uke\ f ? þonfvnf; "r®wmwpfcef; wnf;/
pu©K0dnmP"mwfudk od&ef
pu©K0dnmP"mwf qdkonfum;- tqif;trsKd;rsKd;udk jrifrI
oufoufomwnf;? axGaxGvmvm MuHrI odrIr[kwf? rsufpdjzifh
jrifNyD;aemuf axGaxGvmvm MuHrI odrIwdkYonfum; [',"mwf
tdrrf mS jzpfay:aom raem0dnmP"mwfwt Ykd rIomwnf;? xdaYk Mumifh
jrifqJcPü xdkyk*d¾Kvfonf igjrifonf[líyif rodao;? aemuf
vdu
k f raem0dnmP"mwfwYkd jzpfay:aomtcgrS igjrifonf[k od\?
jriftyfaom 0w¬K\ tjzL teDpaom tqif; t0ef;? tvsm;
paomoP²meftrnf ynwfwu Ykd v
kd nf; aemufvu kd f raem0dnmP
"mwfwdkY jzpfay:aomtcgrS odEdkif\/
jrifrIum; pu©K"mwftdrfrS jzpf\? jrifNyD;aemuf odrIum;
[' ,"mwftdrfrS jzpf\? þodkY wHk;udkjrifí wHk;rSef;od&mç
wdkifudkjrifí wdkifrSef;od&mü "r®tvdktm;jzifh jrifrI odrIESpfyg;
wpfjcm;pDom jzpf\? jrifrIwpfvSnfh odrIwpfvSnfh tpOftwdkif;
oGm;\? avmutvdk tm;jzifhrlum; pdwf\ajymif;vJrI tvGefjref
vSaomaMumifh jrifrI odrIwpfckwnf; wpfNydKifwnf; xif&\?
xdkxdktoHudk Mum;rI odrI wpfpHkç xdkxdkteHYudk eHrI odrIwpfpHkç
xdkxdkt&omudk vsufrI odrIwpfpHkç xdkxdktyltcsrf; tMurf;tEk
ponfudk xdrI odrIwpfpHk? þav;pHk wdkYüvnf; xdkenf;wlodav?
tMuHtod[lorQonf [',"mwf tdrfrScsnf; jzpf\? þonf
vnf; "r®wmwpfcef;wnf;/
pu©KESifh [',"mwf
pu©K"mwftdrfudk zGifhvSpfí vAdrmefudk Munfh&mü v0ef;t
qif;oP²mefonf pu©K"mwftdrfwGif;&Sd pu©KtMunf"mwfüvnf;
aumif; [',"mwftrd w f iG ;f &Sd b0if[al om raemtMunf"mwfü
vnf;aumif; þ"mwftdrfESpfckrSm&Sdaom tMunf"mwfESpfckü
wpfNydKifeuf wpfcsufwnf; cdkuf\? pu©K"mwftdrfwGif;rSm v0ef;
oP²mefwpfck? [',"mwf tdrfwGif;rSm v0ef;oP²mefwpfck?
wpfNydKifeuf t&dyfay:\? xdkt&dyfay:rIonf "r®obm0tvdk
tm;jzifh rdk;BudK;rSefouJhodkY jyif;xef\? xkdtcg [',"mwftdk;rSm
b0ifpw
d vf yI &f mS ;í tpOfjywf\? xkv
d 0ef;oP²mefukd qifjcifaom
tm0ZÆef;pdwfonf [',"mwftdrfwGif;rSm a&S;OD;pGm jzpfay:\?
bmvJ[k qifjcifrIaywnf;/
xd k q if j cif r I csKyf o nf h a emuf ü pu© K "mwf t d r f w G i f ; rS m
pu©K0dnmP"mwfwpfBudrf jzpfay:\? jrifrIjzpfay:jcif;wnf;?
xdkjrifrIcsKyfonfhaemufü [',"mwftdrfwGif;rSm odrI MuHrIawG
jzpfay:\? xdkaemufjrifrI wpfvSnfh odrI MuHrIawGwpfvSnfh þodkY
tvSnfhtvnftm;jzifh tBudrfaygif; todef;toef;rsm;pGm jzpfí
aeMu\? xdo k jYkd zpfí aeorQ umvywfv;kH b,f[mudk igjrifonf
igMunfhonf ig½Ionf- tp&Sdonfjzifh xifrSwfpJGvrf;Mu&ukef\/
þwGif jrifrI odrIü 0dnmPfwnf;[laom "mwfrD;tvif;
udk awmufapjcif;iSg v0ef;Adrmefwnf;[laom aomhuikd af ,musmf ;
onf rdrrd x S uG af om tqif;ta&mif[al om ½ly"mwf aomhwjH zifh
pu©K[',[laom "mwfrD;tdrfESpfckü wpfNydKifeuf aomhay;\?
xifjcif; xdcdkufjcif;odkY a&mufap\[kqdkvdkonf? xdktcg [',
"mwftrd üf b0ifpw d Ef pS Bf urd v
f nfí csKyNf y;D rS qifjcifrçI jrifrçI odrçI
MurH [
I al om 0dnmP"mwfr;D awmufwo Ykd nf tpOftwdik ;f awmuf
Muukef\? aZmac:aom 0dnmP"mwfrD;onf tvGefBuD;aom
t[kef&Sd\? 0dwufç 0dpm&ç avmbç a'goç arm[ç o'¨gç ynmç
owdç 0D&, d tp&Sad om jyif;xefaom tcd;k t&Sed &f \ dS ? aomh ay;aom
ouf&SdoufrJh 0w¬Ktm;avsmfpGm Oóm[Asmyg& taxG axGudk
jzpfapEdkif\/
csUJ í jyOD;tH?h aomhay;aom 0w¬Konf avmb\ tpmjzpfchJ
tHh? [',"mwftdrfü avmbrl"mwfrD;onf 0w¬Ktm;avsmfpGm
t[kefESifhwuG wpf[kef;[kef; awmufx\? xdkavmbrl"mwfrD;
awmufrS jzpfymG ;ukeaf om pdwZå ½kyu f vmyfwo Ykd nf wpfu,
kd v
f ;kH ü
wpfNydKifeuf tjynfhysHUESH jzpfyGm;ukef\/
ntcgü wdkufcef;v,frSm rD;xGef;Mu&m rD;awmufonfESifh
wpfNydKifeuf xkdrD;awmufrS jzpfyGm;aom rD;a&mifwdkYonf wdkufcef;
wpfckvHk;ü wpfNydKifeuftjynfh ysHUESHjzpfyGm;ukefouJhodkYwnf;?
aomhay;aom0w¬Konf a'gorD;udk yGm;pD;apEdkifaom a'gorD;
pmjzpfí a'gorl"mwfrD; wpf[kef;[kef;awmufxrI? a'gorlpdwåZ
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ynmtp½Sdaom "mwfwdkYudkvnf; 'ge"mwfuJhokdY odav/
xdkYaMumifh tbd"r®m y|mef;ygVdawmfBuD;ü-
o'¨ g oD v H ok w H pma*g ynm (y) &m*ó
a'goó arm[ó rmeó 'd|d,m yw¬em,
(y) Oyedó, ypöa,e ypöa,m-
y|me?yg? ESm-315/
[lí a[mawmfrlayonf/
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csD;ajr§muforI aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd=jzpf\/
rvdr®molwdkYtm; avmuDo'¨g ukokdvfrsdK;onf-
- &m*rD;udk tm;BuD;pGm awmufapwwf\/
- a'gorD;udk tm;BuD;pGm awmufapwwf\/
- arm[rD;udk tm;BuD;pGm awmufapwwf\/
- rmerD;udk tm;BuD;pGm awmufapwwf\/
- rdpäm'd|drD;udk tm;BuD;pGm awmufapwwf\/
- b0wPSmrD;udk tm;BuD;pGm awmufapwwf\/
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-----------------
0dyóemtm;xkwfjcif;\tusdK;
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Ä Ä Ä
-----0----

Ledi Sayadaw - Kammathana-Dipani - လယ္တီဆရာေတာ္ - ကမၼ႒ာနဒီပနီ

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