Report No : 04

Shop : Mold & CNC

Title: Study & Observation the CNC & Mold Shop]

Mold Shop :
Layout :-
1) Hydraulic press
2) Hand press
3) Drill machine
4) Center lathe machine
5) Pentograph copying milling machine
6) Single lip cutter grinding machine
7) Surface grinding machine
8) Universal milling machine
Universal milling machine:-
The universal milling machine is a development that embodies all the principal features
of the other types of milling machine. The table can be moved longitudinally (at right
angles to the spindle), transversely (parallel to the spindle), and vertically (up and down)
and also it can be swiveled on the saddle so that it moves at an angle to the spindle in the
horizontal plane.

Operation - The universal type of milling machine is used to cut helical gears, twist
drills, milling cutters and various kinds of straight and tapered work.
Hydraulic press:-
Main parts - Working table, Block, Dial indicator and Motor
Pressure capacity - 0-3150 KN
Pentograph Copying Milling Machine :-
There are two copying milling machine observed in mold shop. One having capacity 1:1
and the another having capacity 1:1.5 – 1:10. For enlarging a job the position of styles
and spindle should be interchanged.

Ratio ÷ Styles diameter = Cutter diameter

Name of the cutters - Single lip cutter, End mill cutter, Pointer cutter and Center offset
ball nose cutter
Main parts - Master table, Working table, Working vice, Cross feed and Spind
CNC SHOP :
Layout :-
1.CNC lathe machine
2.Vertical CNC milling machine
3.Conventional EDM ( Electrical Discharge Machine)
4.Wire cut EDM ( Electrical Discharge Machine )
5.Conventional vertical milling machine
1. CNC lathe machine-
Main parts – Turret, Monitor, Programming keyboard, and Functional key
Advantage - As different cutting tolls can be attached in a turret at a time hence different
operations can be performed at a time without attaching any cutting toll further.
2. Vertical CNC milling machine -
Main parts - Monitor, Body, Knee, Table and Spindle
Advantage - Rack gear can be cut by this machine.
3. Conventional EDM-
Main parts - Control unit, Machine column, Ram, Spindle and Working table.
For selecting electrode in conventional EDM, the materials having high conductivity
should be selected such as copper, graphite, tungsten, Etc. Although the conductivity of
gold is high, it is not selected for electrode because of its high cost.
Advantage - By conventional EDM any metal can be hardened but its shape & size
will remain unaffeted. By heat treatment the same thing can be performed but 100%
accuracy can not be achieved because of expansion or contraction of metal.
4. Wire cut EDM- The wire that is used in wire cut EDM is made of Cu alloy and its
diameter is 0.25 mm. The required voltage for rough cutting is 40V and for smooth
cutting it is 28-30V.
Advantage - Die and mold can be prepared at a time without any wastage of metal.
Disadvantage - The same wire can not be used further.
5. Conventional Vertical Milling Machine -
Operations - Slot cutting (T-slot, V- slot), facing by attaching, dividing head
hexagonal; octagonal shaped job can be made.
Advantage - High accuracy can be achieved

Word Address
X## = X position
Y## = Y position
Z## = Z position
I## = X are center
J## = Y are center
K## = Z are center
U## = Liner opposite X
Sometimes used as incremental (lathe)
V## = Liner opposite Y
Sometimes used as incremental (lathe)
W## = Liner opposite Z
Sometimes used as incremental (lathe)
A## = rotary around X
B## = rotary around Y
C## = rotary around Z
F## = federate
R## = drill retract
Q## = drill peck
R+## = are radius (+) if < 180°
R-## = are radius (-) if > 180°
D## = cutter dia/rad offset
H## = tool length offset
P## = dwell time in 10000th sec
M-Function Codes

M00 = Program stop

M01 = Optional program stop
M02 = End of program (no rewind or return to start of program)
M03 = Start the spindle in the forward direction (CW)
M04 = Start the spindle in the reverse direction (CCW)
M05 = Stop the spindle/Spindle off
M06 = Tool change command
M07 = Coolant on mist
M08 = Coolant on flood
M09 = Coolant off
M13 = Spindle on forward, coolant on
M14 = Spindle on reverse, coolant on
M15 = Spindle off, coolant off
M19 = Spindle orientation on. Used to locate the tool tip position for boring tools.
Sometimes out put with a value that represents the angle of the tool tip
orientation.
M20 = Spindle orientation off
M30 = End of program (rewind/return to start of program)
M98 = Call sub program
M99 = Sub program end
Not all of these M functions work on all machines.