Network operating system

An operating system for managing

machines in network
 Introduction

• Network Operating Systems extend the

facilities and services provided by computer
operating systems to support a set of
computers, connected by a network. The
environment managed by a network
operating system consists of an
interconnected group of machines that are
loosely connected.
Comparison between OS and NOS
• Like regular operating systems, network operating
systems provide services to the programs that run on
top of the operating system. However, the type of
services and the manner in which the services are
provided are quite different. The services tend to be
much more complex than those provided by regular
operating systems.
• In addition, the implementation of these services
requires the use of multiple machines, message
passing and server processes.
 Services provided by the NOS
• The set of typical services provided by a network
operating system includes (but are not limited to):
• 1. Remote logon and file transfer
• 2. Transparent, remote file service
• 3. Directory and naming service
• 4. Remote procedure call service2
• 5. Object and Brokerage service
• 6. Time and synchronization service
• 7. Remote memory service
 Examples of NOS
• commonly available network operating
systems include Linux (freeware), Novell
Netware, SunOS/Solaris, Unix and Windows
NT.
 Introduction to Microsoft Windows NT

• Windows NT (for "New Technology") is a 32-

bit operating system developed by Microsoft.
• Windows NT's outward appearance makes it
look a lot like Windows 95/98/Millennium, but
Windows NT has a separately developed
kernel.
 Characteristics of window NT
• Windows NT is a preemptive multitasking system;
• Windows NT is a multi-user system, which means that
depending on the user who is connected to the
system, the interface might be different, as might
system privileges;
• Windows NT natively supports numerous network
features;
• Windows NT has more security, in particular for the
file system (NTFS) as well as for the robustness of the
OS.
 Sun solaris
• Sun Solaris also known as SunOS or Sun is the
name of the Sun company's Unix variant
operating system that was originally installed
on SPARC computers. It is sold together with
the OPENLOOK user interface OpenWindows.
This bundle is known as Solaris. SunOS 4.1.x
(as part of Solaris 1.x) is a BSD Unix system,
and supports multiprocessing, but not yet
multithreading
•  Further development of Solaris 1 was discontinued at the
end of 1998. In parallel to Solaris 1.x, Sun has launched a
Version 2.x on the market. This is an implementation of 
System V. Beginning with Version 2.2 it also supports
multithreading i.e. Executing more than one thread (part
of a task) parallely using a single processor is called
multithreading. The allocation of the processors is done
automatically, so that the user does not have to be
involved. From Solaris Version 2.5 onward, 64-bit
processors and the use of Ultra-Creator graphics for 2-D
and 3-D applications are supported.
 Introduction to RED HAT LINUX
• Red Hat Linux is a Linux distribution, which
was one of the most popular. It is assembled
by Red Hat.
• It is one of the "middle-aged" Linux
 distributions; 1.0 was released in November 3
, 1994.
•  It is not as old as Slackware, but certainly older
than many other distributions. It was the first
Linux distribution to use RPM i.e. RPM Package
Manager (also known simply as RPM), originally
called the Red-hat Package Manager, is a
program for installing, uninstalling, and
managing software packages in Linux.  as its
packaging format, and over time has served as
the starting point for several other distributions.
• Since 2003, Red Hat has shifted their focus
towards the business market and 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Red Hat Linux 9, the
final release, hit its official end-of-life on 
April 30, 2004, although the Fedora Legacy
 project continues to publish updates.
 Introduction to window server 2003

• It is a evolutionary step from window 2000

• The basic features are the same but it extends
many features of window 2000
 Windows server 2003 editions
• Standard edition
• Enterprise edition
• Datacenter edition
• Web edition
 Standard edition
• Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition is
designed with the day-to-day needs of the
average enterprise in mind and is the
progressive replacement for the Windows NT4
Server/Windows 2000 Server line of server
operating systems.
• it is suitable for small organizations
 Enterprise edition
• Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition is designed
specifically for the needs of larger customers, as their
needs surpass the functional levels of Windows Server
2003 Standard Edition. Windows Server 2003
Enterprise Edition is the progressive replacement for
the Windows NT4 Server Enterprise Edition/Windows
2000 Advanced Server line of server operating
systems.
• It is useful to meet all the needs of business of all sizes
 Datacenter edition
• Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition is
designed specifically for high-end hardware
deployments for use on business-critical and
mission-critical applications where the highest
levels of scalability and availability are
required. Windows Server 2003 Datacenter
Edition is the progressive replacement for the
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server line of
operating systems.
 Web edition
• It is developed to run the websites
• It includes IIS 6.0, and other components that
let you host web applications , pages , and
XML web services
Brand new in window server 2003
• New remote administration tools
 Window server 2003 offers several tools that
make it easier to manage servers and domains
remotely
 We can view , change , or troubleshoot server-
based services , and domain settings , from
our own work station
 RIS now deploy services
• Previously, RIS was only available for
client/workstation versions of windows.
• With window server 2003, we can use the
new NET RIS functions to roll out all versions
of window server 2003 except datacenter
 Remote desktop
• It was actually introduced in windows 2000, when
Microsoft divided terminal server into two distinct
applications: Administrative mode and application
mode
• Administrative mode provided two free terminal
licenses on the server, so that Administrator could
access the server to perform administrative tasks .
• Application mode provided the standard terminal
server tools for running applications on the server
• Now, in window server 2003, terminal server is
used for running applications, and a new
component , Remote Desktop for administration, is
built in to the operating system .
• Because it is a component, and not a separate
application
• There are no licensing issues, so as many
administrators as you care to designate can manage
your window server 2003 computers remotely
 Remote Assistance
• It provides a way to work on a remote user’s
computer without leaving your own desk
• It works in either two ways
1. A novice user requests help from an
experienced user.
2. An experienced user provides help to a
novice user without receiving a request for
help
• To use remote assistance, the following
criteria must be met
 The computer must be running either window
server 2003 or window XP
 The computer must be connected over LAN or
the internet
 Manage headless servers
• Remotely administered server support is a
new feature that let you install and manage
headless computers, which are computers
that lack monitors, VGA display adaptors,
keyboards, or mice
 New Active Directory Features
• Active Directory stores all information and
settings for a deployment in a central
database. Using the same database, Active
Directory allows administrators to assign
policies, deploy and update software.
 New ways to navigate and manage active
directory
• It is now easier to find and manipulate AD
objects
• Search functions are improved
 Saved queries
• Active directory users and computers now
sports a saved query folder in the console
pane, and we can use it to create, save and
edit queries
Availability and reliability improvements
• Automated system recovery
• Emergency management service
 management solution that you can use to manage servers remotely
when the operating system is not running properly.
• User state migration tool
It supports migration of individual user settings from Windows 95,
Windows 98, Windows NT Workstation 4.0, and Windows 2000
Professional to a new installation of Windows XP Professional.
• Program compatibility: checks whether the program is compatible
or not
• Volume shadow copy service : provide recovery