GAMBAR PERENCANAAN KAP

F
a5 a6
E d4 d6 G
a4 a7
D t4 t5 H
3.979 m
a3 d3 O P d8 a8
C t3 t6 I 5.196 m
d2 d5 d7 d9
a2 a9
t2 t7
a = 32.204 o
B d1 d10 J
a1 t1 N b4 Q t8 a10
b3 b5 1.218 m
b1 b2 M R b6
A L S K
b7

16.5 m
b = 9.584 o

Diketahui

Panjang bangunan : 6 x 3.5 m

Atap : seng
Beban Angin : 40 kg/m2
Beban Hidup : 100 kg
Kelas kayu / Mutu Kayu : II / A

Diminta :
► Rencanakan ukuran penampang konstruksi untuk jenis pembebanan sekaligus
Gambar Detail

► Rencanakan dan gambar detail sambungan

GAMBAR PERENCANAAN KAP
 TAHAP - TAHAP PERENCANAAN KAP

I. MENGHITUNG PANJANG BATANG

II. MERENCANAKAN GORDING

III. MENGHITUNG BEBAN - BEBAN YANG BEKERJA

IV. MENGHITUNG GAYA - GAYA BATANG

V. MENDIMENSI BATANG

VI. MENGHITUNG SAMBUNGAN

VII. GAMBAR
 F
a5 a6
E d5 d6 G
a4 a7
D t4 t5 H
a3 d3 O P d8 a8 3.979 m
C t3 t6 I
d2 d4 d7 d9 5.196
a2 a9
a = 32.204 o t2 t7
B d1 d10 J
a1 t1 N b4 Q t8 a10
b3 b5 1.218 m
b1 M R
b2 b6
A L S K
b7

16.5 m
b = 9.584 o

Menghitung Panjang Batang

jarak gording = 0.75

a1 = 2.25 m a = 32.20423 o

a2 = 2.25 m
a3 = 2.25 m b = 9.584363 o

a4 = 1.5 m
a5 = 1.5 m
a6 = 1.5 m
a7 = 1.5 m
a8 = 2.25 m
a9 = 2.25 m
a10 = 2.25 m

b1 = 2.4375 m
b2 = 2.4375 m
b3 = 2.4375 m
b4 = 2.079143 m
b5 = 2.4375 m
b6 = 2.4375 m
b7 = 2.4375 m

t1 = 0.9375 m
t2 = 1.875 m
t3 = 2.8125 m
t4 = 1.40625 m
t5 = 1.40625 m
t6 = 2.8125 m
t7 = 1.875 m
t8 = 0.9375 m

d1 = 2.4375 m
d2 = 2.928844 m
d3 = 2.056098 m
d4 = 2.056098 m
d5 = 2.056098 m
d6 = 2.056098 m
d7 = 2.056098 m
d8 = 2.056098 m
d9 = 2.928844 m
d10 = 2.4375 m
m
DESAIN GORDING

Data Bentang = 7 x 3.5 m

Jarak gording = 0.75 m
Beban Angin = 30 kg/m2
Beban Hidup = 100 kg
Atap = Seng
Kls kayu / Mut = II / A

Teg. Lentur izin = 100 kg/cm2

Teg. Geser izin = 12 kg/cm2
E = 100000 kg/cm2
Berat jenis = 0.6 gr/cm2

A. BEBAN MATI
Penutup Atap Seng = 10 kg/m2
Q atap = 10 x 0.75 = 7.5 kg/m
Berat Sendiri Gording = Qgd
Q total = q = ( 7.5 + Qgd ) kg/m

a = 32.2042275 o

sin a = 0.53293871
cos a = 0.846153846
qx

qy

a q

M = 1/10 . q . L2

qx = q . Sin a
= ( 7.5 + Qgd ) x 0.533
= ( 4 + 0.533 Qgd ) kg/m

qy = q . cos a
= ( 7.5 + Qgd ) x 0.846
 = ( 6.346 + 0.846 Qgd ) kg/m

My = 1/10 . qx . L2
= 1/10 . ( 4 + 0.533 Qgd ) . 3.5 2
= ( 4.896 + 0.653 Qgd ) kg.m

Mx = 1/10 . qy . L2
= 1/10 . ( 6.346 + 0.846 Qgd ) . 3.5 2
= ( 7.774 + 1.037 Qgd ) kg.m

Qy = 1/2 . qx . L
= 1/2 . ( 4 + 0.533 Qgd ) . 3.5
= ( 6.995 + 0.933 Qgd ) kg

Qx = 1/2 . qy . L
= 1/2 . ( 6.346 + 0.846 Qgd ) . 3.5
= ( 11.11 + 1.481 Qgd ) kg

B. BEBAN HIDUP

P . Sin a
P . cos a

Px Px = P . Sin a
= 53.29 kg
Py
Py = P . cos a
a P
= 84.62 kg

M = 1/5 . P . L

My = 1/5 . Px . L
= 1/5 . 53.29 . 3.5
= 37.31 kg.m

My = 1/5 . Px . L
= 1/5 . 84.62 . 3.5
 = 59.23 kg.m

Qy = Px
= 53.29 kg

Qx = Py
= 84.62 kg

C. BEBAN ANGIN

Koefisien Angin Tekan= c = 0,02 . a . - 0,4 = 0.244

Koefisien Angin Hisap = c = -0.4

qwt = c . W . L (angin rekan)

= 0.244 x 30 x 3.5
= 25.63 kg/m

Mx = 1/10 . qwt . L2 My = 0
= 41 kg.m

Qx = 1/2 . qwt . L Qy = 0
44.85 kg

qwt = c . W . L (angin hisap)

= -0.4 x 30 x 3.5
= -42 kg/m

Mx = 1/10 . qwt . L2 My = 0
= -51.45 kg.m

Qx = 1/2 . qwt . L Qy = 0
-73.5 kg

Kombinasi Pembebanan Yang Memberikan momen maksimum dan gaya geser maksimum :

My = ( 4.896 + 0.653 Qgd ) + 37.31

= ( 42.2 + 0.653 Qgd ) kg.m
Mx = ( 7.774 + 1.037 Qgd ) + 59.23
= ( 67 + 1.037 Qgd )

Qy = ( 6.995 + 0.933 Qgd ) + 53.29

= ( 60.29 + 0.933 Qgd ) kg

Qx = ( 11.11 + 1.481 Qgd ) + 84.62

= ( 95.72 + 1.481 Qgd ) kg
Kesimpulan
Dengan cara Coba coba
Didapat

Menggunakan Ukuran kayu : 8 x 12

Qgd = 5.76 kg/m

qx = 7.067 kg/m
qy = 11.22 kg/m
Mx = 73 kg.m
My = 46 kg.m
Qx = 104 kg

Tegangan Lentur izin = 100 kg/cm2

Tegangan Geser Izin = 12 kg/cm2
Lendutan Izin (L/200) = 0.018 m

Ix = 1152 cm4
Iy = 512 cm4

Wx = Ix/y ----------> y = 0,5*h

= 6 cm
= 192 cm3
Wx = Iy/x ----------> x = 0,5*b
= 4 cm
= 128 cm3

Teg. Lentur = Mx / Wx + My / Wy
= 739162 kg/m2
= 73.916 kg/cm2 < 100 kg/cm2 OK!!!

Teg. Geser = ((Qx . Sx)/(b . Ix)+(Qy . Sy)/(h.Iy)) ----------- Teg. Geser Arah Y = 0
= 65156 kg/m2
= 6.5156 kg/cm2 < 12 kg/cm2 OK!!!

Lendutan
5 . qx . L4 Px . L3
Lendutan arah x (fx) = +
384 . E . Iy 48 . E . Iy
= 0.012 m

5 . qy . L4 Py . L3
Lendutan arah y (fy) = +
384 . E . Ix 48 . E . Ix
= 0.008 m

Lendutan total (f) = (fx2 + fy2)1/2

 = 0.015 m < 0.018 m OK!!!

Menggunakan 8x12
Coba coba gording

b h Qgd qx qy Px Py Mx My Qx Ix Iy Wx Wy Sx Sy
cm cm kg/m kg/m kg/m kg kg kg.m kg.m kg m4 m4 m3 m3 m3 m3
5 7 2.1 5.11621 8.12308 53.2939 84.6154 69.18154 43.57307 98.83077 1.4292E-06 7.2917E-07 4.0833E-05 2.9167E-05 0.000123 8.75E-05
5 10 3 5.59586 8.88462 53.2939 84.6154 70.11442 44.16063 100.1635 4.1667E-06 1.0417E-06 8.3333E-05 4.1667E-05 0.00025 0.000125
6 10 3.6 5.91562 9.39231 53.2939 84.6154 70.73635 44.55234 101.0519 5E-06 1.8E-06 0.0001 6E-05 0.0003 0.00018
8 12 5.76 7.06677 11.22 53.2939 84.6154 72.97527 45.9625 104.2504 1.152E-05 5.12E-06 0.000192 0.000128 0.000576 0.000384
10 15 9 8.79349 13.9615 53.2939 84.6154 76.33365 48.07773 109.0481 2.8125E-05 1.25E-05 0.000375 0.00025 0.001125 0.00075
Teg Lentur xTeg Lentur y Teg Lentur Teg Geser Lendutan x Lendutan y Lendutan Keterangan
kg/m2 kg/m2 kg/m2 kg/m2 m m m
1694242 1493934 3188175.6 169424 0.078995 0.06399 0.10166 Belum OK
841373.1 1059855 1901228.3 120196 0.056196 0.022306 0.06046 Belum OK
707363.5 742539.1 1449902.5 101052 0.032868 0.018787 0.03786 Belum OK
380079.5 359082 739161.56 65156 0.011994 0.008464 0.01468 OK!!!
203556.4 192310.9 395867.34 43619 0.005183 0.003657 0.00634 OK!!!