Matematika Teknik Kimia 2

Distillation Process

Ocky Putra. A
Gema Cahya Nasfihan
Hartal Dwikurniawan
Aldino
Soal
Consider the case of starting the equilibrium still. The
still is initially charged with 20 lb mole of feed stock of
composition xF = 0.32 mole fraction of benzene. Feed is
supplied at the rate of 10 lb mole/hr, and the heat input is
adjusted so that the total mole of liquid in the still remain
constant at 20. It is desired to estimate the time required
for the composition of overhead product YD to fall to 0.4
moles fraction of benzene. Benzene and toluene may be
assumed to follow raoult’s law,and the relative volatility α
may be taken as constant at an average value of 2.48.
Penyelesaian

XF = 0.32
20
20lblb
mole
mole
XW
F = 10 lb mol/hr Distillate
YD
Source of Heat

Asumsi :
1. Kondensasi berlangsung sangat cepat sehingga fraksi vapor yang terbentuk sama
dengan fraksi distilat
2. Larutan dianggap larutan ideal dan vapor dianggap gas ideal sehingga hukum Rault
dapat diterapkan
Neraca Massa Total

input  output  generation  consumptio n  accumulati on

dW
F  D00 
dt
10  D  0
D  10

Neraca Massa Benzen

input  output  generation  consumptio n  accumulation

dX W dW
FX F  DYD  0  0  W  XW
dt dt
dX W
(10)(0.32)  DYD  W 0
dt
dX W ..................... (1)
3.2  DYD  W
dt
Y i P  X i Pi s HK Rault

*
PB  PB X B
*
PT  PT X T
* *
P  PB  PT  PB X B  PT (1  X B )
* *
P PB P
*
 *
X B  (1  X B ) T *
PB PB PB
P (1  X B )
 X B 
PB
*

*
P 1
YB  B X  X
P
B
(1  X B ) B
XB 

X B
*
P
YB  B X B 
P 1  (  1 ) X B
X W
YD  ..................... (2)
1  (  1 ) X W
Persamaan (2) disubstitusi ke persamaan (1) menghasilkan :

2,48X W dXW
3.2 10( )  20
1  1.48XW dt
3.2  4.7 X W  24.8 X W dXW
 20
1  1.48XW dt
XW  XW t t
20(1  1.48XW )

X W 0.32
3.2  20.1XW
dXW   dt
t 0

20dXW 29.6 XW
t  dXW
3.2  20.1XW 3.2  20.1X W
 20  XW 3.2 
t ln(3.2  20.1X W )  29.6  2
ln(3.2  20.1X W )  K ........ (3)
20.1  20.1 (20.1) 
 Untuk t = 0 XW = 0.32

 20  0 . 32 3 .2 
0 ln( 3 . 2  20 . 1 x 0 . 32 )  29 . 6   2
ln( 3 . 2  20 . 1 x 0 . 32 )   K
20 . 1  20 . 1 ( 20 . 1 ) 
20  0 . 32 3 .2 
K  ln( 3 . 2  20 . 1 x 0 . 32 )  29 . 6   2
ln( 3 . 2  20 . 1 x 0 . 32 ) 
20 . 1  20 . 1 ( 20 . 1 ) 
Substitusi nilai K ke dalam persamaan (3)

 20 3 . 2  20 . 1 X w  X  0 . 32 3 .2 3 . 2  20 . 1 X W 
t ln( )  29 . 6  w  ln( )
20 . 1 3 . 2  20 . 1 x 0 . 32  20 . 1 ( 20 . 1) 2 3 . 2  20 . 1 x 0 . 32 

YD = 0.4 XW=0.21
At XW = 0.21 t=1,58 hr
Terima Kasih