Tipe Teleskop

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 Tiga tipe dasar
• Refraktor The refractor is the design most people envision
when they think of a telescope. They are, generally,
long, thin telescopes that use a lens at the front of
• Reflektor the telescope tube to collect light. The observer
looks through an eyepiece at the back of the
• Katadioptri telescope, where the light is focused, forming an
image. Refractors are highly regarded for their
sharp, high contrast images. They are best suited
for viewing the moon and planets.

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 Refractor
The refractor is the design most people envision
when they think of a telescope. They are,
generally, long, thin telescopes that use a lens at
the front of the telescope tube to collect light. The
observer looks through an eyepiece at the back of
the telescope, where the light is focused, forming
an image. Refractors are highly regarded for their
sharp, high contrast images. They are best suited
for viewing the moon and planets.

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Refraktor
Advantages: Because refractors don't
have any small mirrors in their light
path they provide very sharp images.

Disadvantages: "Achromatic"
Refractors can add colored fringes to
brighter objects such as the moon and
planets. Some refractors called
"Apochromats" have special lenses that
correct this "chromatic aberration" but
that makes them more expensive.
Larger refractors can be very
expensive.

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Refraktor
Reflektor
Advantages: Much less expensive to
make than refractors, you can get a
much larger reflector for your money.
Another advantage is that reflectors
don't add color (chromatic aberration)
to bright images.

Disadvantages: The mirrors in the

Newtonian reflector can be knocked out
of alignment with rough handling,
requiring optical alignment, also called
"collimation", to be performed from time
to time.

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Reflektor
 Catadioptric
Catadioptric telescopes use compound optical systems.
That is, both mirrors and lenses are employed to collect
and focus incoming light. The observer peers through an
eyepiece at the rear of the telescope tube, where the light
is focused. The two most commercially available
catadioptric designs are Schmidt-Cassegrains and
Maksutov-Cassegrains. They offer excellent portability, as
the optical tubes are compact in design, as well as very
good optical quality. They are the most popular type of
telescopes for astrophotography. They tend to be more
expensive than reflectors, and less expensive than
refractors of the same size.
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Katadioptri
Advantages: Because catadioptric scopes
use a folded light path the tube can be
much shorter. This allows you to have a
very long focal length telescope in a very
short portable package. Shorter tubes also
tend to be more stable and can use a lighter
mount. Since they focus by moving the
primary mirror (instead of moving the
eyepiece as in most other scopes) they
have a very large focus range. This makes
them especially suitable for attaching
cameras and other accessories that require
a lot of “back focus”

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Katadioptri
Disadvantages: Like a reflector
telescope they have a secondary mirror
blocking a small amount of the
incoming light. This is typically called a
“Central Obstruction”. This causes a
small loss of contrast compared to a
refractor. Maksutov-Cassegrains
(Maks) have a smaller central
obstruction than a Schmidt-Cassegrain
(SCT) however both can give excellent
images. Most modern large observatory
type telescopes are of the Cassegrain
type.

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Katadioptri
 Schmidt-Cassegrains Celestron

3
2

1
1. Tripod 4. Tabung
2. Mounting 5. Sky Sensor
3. Beban 6. Finder
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Maksutov-Cassegrains Meade

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Newtonian

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Newtonian

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 Newtonian Reflector
Newtonian Reflectors use a highly polished, curved mirror
at the rear of the telescope tube to collect light. This
mirror reflects and converges the light, where it is
intercepted by a small mirror at the top end of the
telescope tube. In turn, the light is reflected into a focuser
and eyepiece mounted on the side of the tube. As such,
the observer is positioned at the top of the telescope.
They are generally regarded as the best all-around
telescopes, as their large apertures gather plenty of light,
and allow for good planetary views, all at a moderate
price.

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