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15
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17
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18
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19
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f Ekid if aH &;avmueJY pdr;f pdr;f taexm;uae wuo
ukd 0ifa&mufvyI &f mS ;cJw
h hJ ausmif;om;tcsKUd ,aeYxufwidk f jynfwiG ;f rSm trmcHvyI &f mS ;qJyg/ usaemfwYdk
t"duxm;vkyaf qmifcw
hJ muawmh trsKd;om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;vrf;pOf .../ tefweD aYJ wGcY w
hJ t
hJ csdef
u tJ'o
D abmw&m;ukd usaemfu &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif; ar;cJw
h ,f/
]]trsKd;om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;qkw
d m bmvJ? bmvkYd rjzpfrae vkt
d yfwmvJ}}
tJ'aD r;cGe;f &JUtajzukd tefwu
D 'Dvadk jymcJyh gw,f/
]]vGwv
f yfa&;r&cifa&m &NyD;a&mtcsdeu
f pvkYd wrsKd;om;vk;H &JUnDw
G af &; (wenf;tm;jzif)h
oifhjrwfa&;[m ,aeYxdwkdifatmif ajz&Sif;Ekdifjcif;r&Sdygbl; ... wJh? azaz (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)
vufxufawmifrS tpGr;f ukeBf udK;pm;cJah omfvnf;yJ (Akv
d cf sKyf vkyMf uHcaH oqk;H oGm;awmh ykq
d ;dk oGm;awmh
wmaygh) aemufval wGrmS ykq
d ;dk vmwm tckxd ygyJ/ 'Dvo
kd ifjh rwfa&;r&Sb
d J wkid ;f jynfux
dk al xmifzYdk
qkw
d m cufcyJ gvdrrhf ,f/ (0efccH suf - tefwaD jymoGm;wm 'Doabmw&m;yg - pum;vk;H tm;jzifah wmh
wduscsifrw
S u
d sygvdrrhf ,f) 'Dupd u
dk cufcufccJ J BudK;pm; Mu&rSmyg/
]]b,foal wGeYJ b,fvo
dk ifjh rwf&rSmvJ}}
'g&JU tajzuawmh ... ,aeYwidk ;f jynfrmS vkt
d yfaewJh trsK;d om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&; qkw
d mtygt0if twku
d t
f cH tiftm;pkawG&,f/ vuf&dS etz ppfacgif;aqmifawG&,f/ wkid ;f &if;om;
vufeufuidk ef YJ Ekid if aH &;tiftm;pkawG&UJ nDw
G af &;? oifjh rwfa&;yg/
NLD
usaemfwt
Ydk zku
Yd awmh 'DavmufcufcNJ yD; ESpaf ygif;rsm;pGm ajz&Si;f cJw
h mawmif rajyvnfEidk cf w
hJ hJ
jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&;qkdwmukd BudK;pm;zkdYqkdwm tdyfrufwckukd rufae&ovkdygyJ/ 'gayr,fh
,kMH unfcsufwckawmh &Syd gw,f/ vufawGq
Y w
dk m pdwu
f ;l tdyrf ufawGu vmMuwmyg/ tefwpD v
k dk
vlxak cgif;aqmifwa,muf rm;rm;rwfrwf &yfwnfay;xm;wJt
h wGuf trsm;BuD;awmh tm;&Sad pcJyh g
w,f/ aemuf wcku 'Dupd u
adk qmif&u
G &f wm[m BudK;wef;ay: vrf;avQmuf&ovkd ygyJ/ tcsed rf a&G;
jyKwfusoGm;Ekid yf gw,f/
aocsmwmwckuawmh aemufq;Hk usaemf axmifxjJ yKwfus oGm;ygw,f/ wcsKdU k;d om;pGm
aqmif&u
G cf sufawGtay: BuD;rm;pGm txifrmS ;jcif;qkw
d hJ t&mawGeYJ &ifqidk jf cif;cHc&hJ ygw,f/ tJ'D
taMumif; qufvufwifjyay;ygOD;r,f/ 'gayr,fvYdk tefwpD &k UJ trSmpum;u usaemfwYdk ESv;Hk om;xJ
yJw
h ifoH xyfcg xyfcg ku
d cf wfapcJyY gw,f/
tJ'gu ...
]]EkdifiHa&;ukd ESvkH;om;eJYrvkyfygeJY/ OD;aESmufeJYvkyfyg ...}} wJh/
]]EkdifiHa&;ukd ESvH;k om;eJYrvkyfygeJY/ OD;aESmufeJYvkyfyg ...}} wJh/
+++++
20
armifarmif0rf;
]]EkdifiHa&;ukd ESvkH;om;eJYrvkyfygeJY/ OD;aESmufeJYvkyfyg ...}} wJh/

usaemf pOf;pm;Munfhrdw,f? trdEkdifiH 'Drkdua&pDeJY vlYtcGifhta&;&&Sda&;? ppftmPm&Sif
pepfatmufu vGwaf jrmufrt
I wGuf wku
d yf 0JG ifwo
hJ rl sm;ukad vhvmMunfw
h t
hJ cg ESv;Hk om; cHpm;&wmawG
u ykrd sm;Muygw,f/ pepfuu
dk 'Dvjdk zpfatmif taMumif;zefvmwmqkad wmh bmyJjzpfjzpf jynfov
l x
l k
rSm cg;oD;wJ'h Pf&m'PfcsufawGu,
dk pf eD yYJ g/ cHpm;rIrygbJev
YJ nf; 'Dru
dk a&pD awmfveS af &; ay:ayguf
Ekid pf &m taMumif;r&Syd gbl;/
wcg tefwDpk&JU tJ'Dtcsdefumvu taexm;ukd okH;oyfMunfhr,fqkd&if ylylaEG;aEG;
tus,fcsKyfuvGwv
f mcgp? Ekid if aH &;vrf;aMumif;rSmqkv
d nf; trsKd;om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;vrf;
ay:ukd OD;wnfaewJh tcsde?f rdr&d UJ emusifraI wG? cg;oD;rIawGudk c0gcsvkYd wkid ;f jynftwGuf vkt
d yfaewJh
tusKd;pD;yGm;rsufEmS wckxu
J ydk MJ unfNh yD; OD;aESmufeYJ awG;ac:qk;H jzwf vkyaf qmifcjhJ cif;yJ jzpfygw,f/
'gukd qkv
d w
dk myg/
usaemfw[
Ydk m omrefyx
k Zk Ofvo
l m;awGyg/ pdwq
f ;dk wwfygw,f/ aysmw
f wfygw,f/ cHpm;wwf
ygw,f? wkjHY yefwwfMuygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm qk;H jzwfvyk u
f idk af e&wJh tefwpD w
k v
Ydk o
dk rl sm;twGuu
f awmh
OD;aESmufeJY awG;ac:vkyfukdifrI[m odyfta&;BuD;ygw,f/ ESvkH;om;cHpm;rIukd tom;oGm;ay;vkdY
r&Ekdifygbl;? (okdYaomf ypfy,fvkdYawmh r&aumif;bl;vkdY xifygw,f) cHpm;rIt& emusifaewJh
jynfoal wGtwGuu
f vnf; emusifrt
I wkid ;f wkjYH yefcw
hJ m trSew
f ckyg/ xkt
Yd wl cHpm;rIudk ab;rSmxm;?
vkt
d yfcsufudk a&SUwef;wifvyk af e&wJh tefwpD v
k adk cgif;aqmifrsm;&JU qk;H jzwfcsuf[mvnf; trSew
f ck
ygyJ/
usaemf axmifxrJ mS &Sad epOfumvu emrnfausmpf ma&;q&m rif;odcF ajymwmav;&Syd gw,f/
]]ig 'DtmPm&Siaf wGudk vSvyS y uvJph m;acscsiw
f ,fumG }} wJ/h
]]uvJph m;acsw,fqw
dk m odyt
f &om&Sw
d t
hJ vkyu
f G ...}} wJ/h
]]pdwu
f ;l eJaY wmif awmfawmfNrdew
f myJ}}
'Dvadk jymcJzh ;l ygw,f/ 'gu usaemfw&Ydk UJ ESv;Hk om; cHpm;csufawGyg? okaYd omf trsKd;om;
jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;[m wkid ;f jynftwGuf ta&;BuD;qk;H vkt
d yfcsuf jzpfvmwJt
h cgrSmawmh ... .../
waeY tefwjhD cHa&SU a[majymyGrJ mS ar;cGe;f av;wck wufvmygw,f/ (tefwt
hD rd af &SUrSm
pmwku
d yf ;Hk av; xm;ay;ygw,f/ ar;cGe;f ar;vko
d rl sm;u pma&;NyD; tJ'x
D J xnfx
h m;? tJ'x
D u
J rS
oifah wmfwhJ ar;cGe;f awGudk tywfpOf pae? we*FaEGwidk ;f rSm tefwu
D jyefajzay;ygw,f)
]]ar;cGe;f av;wck usr vufc&H &Syd gw,f ... 'Dvdk ar;cGe;f rsKd; usr ajzcsifaewm MumygNyD
... ar;cGe;f u 'Dvydk g ... a':atmifqef;pk Munf wyfrawmftay:rSm b,fvo
dk abmxm;ygovJ ..
wJ}h }
21
]]ajzmif; ... ajzmif; ... ajzmif; ... ajzmif; ...}} (vufckyfoHrsm;)

]]usr&JU azaz[m wyfrawmf&UJ zcifyg...}} (vufcyk o
f rH sm;)
]]usru azazhorD; ... tJ'aD wmh wyfrawmfqw
dk m usr&JU arG;csif;armifErS awGyaJ v ...}}
(vufcyk o
f rH sm;)
tefwDpk&JUrsufESmoGifjyif[m jyHK;&Tifaeygw,f? ESpfvkdzG,f&m tjyHK;vkdY owfrSwfr,fqkd&if
rrSm;Ekid af vmufygbl;/
]]usr i,fpOfu ,leaD zmif;pdr;f pdr;f awG 0wfqifxm;wJh wyfrawmfom;awG&UJ Mum;rSm BuD;jyif;
vmcJ&h olwa,mufqadk wmh ... wyfrawmfom;awG[m usr tukad wG armifawG arG;csif;awGyaJ ygh
... usr rkef;vkdY &Ekdifrvm; ... pOf;pm;MunfhMuyg}}
vufcyk w
f ;D oHawG? Mobmay;oHawG qlno
H mG ;ygw,f/ 'g[m tefwpD &k UJ ESv;Hk om;Mum;u
,kpd rd x
hf u
G v
f mwJh tppfreS pf um;vk;H awGyg/
ykord Nf rdKU pnf;k;H a&;c&D;pOfrmS ppfom;awG&UJ aoewfarmif;usnfjzKwfvq
k q
J J ... 0kid ;f &HaewJh
Mum;u tjyHK;rysufxu
G v
f mEkid cf w
hJ yhJ *k Kd vf&ifxu
J ku
d cf wfvmwJh yk&H yd af wGyg/
waeY usaemfwYdk tefweD q
YJ aHk wGw
Y t
hJ cg ar;Munfrh yd gw,f/
]]tefwD ajymcJw
h phJ um;u wu,fyaJ ygh}} qkad wmh ... ]]wu,frv
Ydk Ydk tefwaD jymwmaygh ...}}
wJ/h ]]tefwahD b;rSm&Sad ewJh vlBuD;awGuydk J om;wkaYd vhvmvku
d Of ;D av? bb OD;atmifa&T? OD;Munf
armif? OD;wifOD;? OD;vGif ... tm;vkH;[m wyfrawmf acgif;aqmifawGcsnf;yJ/ bb OD;wifOD;qkd
wyfrawmfumuG,fa&; OD;pD;csKyfwm0efawmif ,lcJh&ao;wm/ aemufqkH; 'Dyk*dKvfukdyJMunfh/
(OD;0if;xdeu
f dk vSnNhf yD; nTejf yvku
d w
f ,f) wyfrawmfu t&m&Sad [mif;wOD;/ tefwD wyfrawmfom;awG
ukrd ek ;f wD;&if olweYdk YJ b,fvufwv
JG rd rhf vJ}}
odyrf eS w
f phJ um;yg ... / tefwu
hD dk 0ef;&HaeolawG? ygwDxu
J acgif;aqmifwcsKUd qkd ppfwidk ;f rSL;
a[mif;awGawmif ygygw,f/ usaemfwYdk ausmif;om;awGxu
J wa,mufu vuf&w
dS yfrawmftwGi;f
u atmufajcppfom;awG&UJ tcuftcJ? qif;&JMuyfwnf;rIawGudk ajymjywJh tcg tefw&D UJ &ifxJ
rGe;f MuyfomG ;yk&H ygw,f/ 'DwcgrSmawmh rsufEmS av;[m ndK;a&mfvYdk ... .../
]]vuf&pdS pfwyftwGi;f u wyfrawmfom;awG&UJ qif;&JMuyfwnf;rIawGudk aumif;aumif;
rajz&Sif;ay;wm[m ... raumif;bl;}}
tefwu
D OD;wifO;D bufudk vSnahf jymawmh ...
22
armifarmif0rf;
OD;wifOD;u ...
]]wyf&UJ tBuD;tuJqw
dk m &JabmfawG&UJ rdbyJ ... tppt&m&m wm0ef&w
dS ,f ... rvkt
d yfbeJ YJ
wyfrawmfudk wk;d csJUaer,ft
h pm; .. vuf&t
dS aetxm;ukd t&nftaoG;jynfrh aD tmif vkyo
f ifw
h ,f?
acwfrDwyfrawmfjzpfzkdYqkdwm vlawG pkaekHeJYjzpfvmrSmr[kwfbl; ... tck[mu wyfu
acwfrw
D yfrawmfjzpfzaYkd eaeomom? pm;0wfaea&; zlvzHk aYdk wmif ... rvG,u
f w
l t
hJ ajcaeqkad wmh
pdwx
f rJ aumif;bl;}}
]]wyfrawmfom;qkw
d muvnf; ... jynfoal wGxu
J jynfoal wGyaJ v .../ Ekid if &H UJ ,k,
d iG ;f rIawGudk
jynfoel t
YJ wl olwv
Ydk nf; cg;pnf;cH&awmhrmS yJ}}
tefw[
D m wu,fawmh wyfrawmfom;awGtay: cspfcif? pmempdw&f o
dS w
l a,mufqw
dk m
aocsmygw,f/ ol[m wyfrawmfom;awGeyYJ wfoufvYdk pk;d &drcf w
hJ mtrSeyf g/
'Dvedk YJ &uftenf;i,ftMumrSmawmh tefw&D UJ &ifxu
J ku
d cf wfvmwJph um;vk;H awG[m etz
xdyw
f ef; tygt0if wyfrawmfom; awmfawmfrsm;rsm; em;xJudk pdr0hf ifomG ;apcJyh gw,f .../
odyrf Mumcif Akv
d cf sKyfBuD;cifeG &Yf UJ vlox
d if&mS ; xkwaf zmfajymqkrd eI YJ wkjYH yefou
H dk Mum;vm&
ygawmhw,f/
]]a':atmifqef;pkMunfudk ESrav;vkd oabmxm;ygw,f}} wJ/h
[kww
f ,f? r[kwb
f ;l qkw
d muawmh um,uH&iS u
f vGv
J Ydk b,foo
l Ed idk v
f rd rhf vJ/
trsKd;om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;&JU jywif;wHcg;av;rsm; ][} vmava&mYovm;/ okaYd vm
okaYd vm pOfpm;p&mawGeaYJ ygh/
(usaemf axmifxrJ mS aecJ&Y wke;f u wyf&if;rSL;wa,mufvnf; jypfrw
I ckeYJ axmifusvmyg
w,f/ oleYJ usaemf cifrifomG ;wJt
h cg olu
Y waeY olMuHKawGcY &hJ wJh tawGt
Y MuHKawGxu
J wku
d w
f u
dk q
f idk f
qkid f wckudk ajymjyygw,f/ tefwu
D azmfjyygrdecYf eG ;f ukd wkid ;f od jynfod urmodajymMum;vku
d w
f t
hJ cg
wyfxrJ mS ... awmfawmf*,ufu
dk o
f mG ;aMumif;? ppfwyfacgif;aqmifyidk ;f awG[m wyf&if;toD;oD;ukd
a&muf&v
dS mNyD; a':atmifqef;pkMunf&UJ ajymMum;csurf ed cYf eG ;f ukd r,kMH unfMuzkYd pnf;k;H ajymqkcd w
hJ ,fvYdk
Mum;vku
d &f ygw,f/) rSef rrSef [kwf r[kwf qkw
d muawmh usaemfvnf; twwfrodygbl;/
waeYrSm a':atmifqef;pkMunf tygt0if OD;atmifa&T? OD;wifOD;? OD;Munfarmif? OD;vGif
pwJh acgif;aqmifyikd ;f awGeYJ usaemfwYdk ausmif;om;rsm;eJY awGq
Y cHk MhJ uygw,f/ usaemfwu
Ydk awGq
Y aHk y;zkYd
arwm &yfccH sufaMumifv
h nf; ygygw,f/ 'guawmh usaemfwaYdk usmif;om;awGtaeeJY trsKd;om;
jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;vrf;aMumif;ukd pwif taumifxnfazmfaqmif&u
G &f ef tMuHPfawmif;cHjcif;yJ
jzpfygw,f/ b,fu pvkyfMurvJ/ wu,fawmh wzuf etzeJY oifhjrwfzkdYukd tomxm;vkdY ...
uk,
d cf sif;oifjh rwfa&;udk OD;pGm xnfo
h iG ;f pOf;pm;&ygawmhw,f/
23
trSew
f idk ;f xkwaf zmf0efc&H &if tJ't
D csdeu
f usaemfwt
Ydk wku
d cf H tiftm;pk tcsif;csif;Mum;rSm
awmifrS tqifrajy-racsmarGrY aI wG trsm;BuD;&Syd gw,f/ tefwpD t
k ay:rSmawmif rajyvnfraI wG?
rauseyfcsufawG &Sad eygw,f/ 'Dawmh 'gawGudk &Si;f xkwNf yD; yGiv
hf if;jrifomwJh oifjh rwfraI wGudk
pwifzYdk qk;H jzwfcsufcsrSwcf yhJ gw,f/
aemuf usaemfwYdk ausmif;om;rsm;taeeJu
Y vnf; wku
d w
f u
dk q
f idk q
f idk f oDwif;uRwfvjynfah eY
tcgor,eJu
Y vnf; eD;uyfaeawmh vlBuD;awGudk pkaygif;*g&0jyK&if; vkyaf qmifzu
Ydk dk tpDtpOf
csrSwcf yhJ gw,f/ ae&mukad wmh wuov
dk rf sm; "rmkrH mS vkyrf ,f ... vkYd ,m,Dtm;jzifh owfrw
S f
xm;cJw
h ,f/
'DvkdeJY yxrOD;qkH; usaemfwkdYausmif;om;rsm;[m 'Drkdua&pDeJY Nidrf;csrf;a&;tzGJY ('D^Nidrf;) eJY
t&ifq;Hk awGq
Y o
Hk abmwlncD suf&atmif BudK;pm;&ygawmhw,f/ waeY usaemfwYdk &Jabmfo;Hk usdy0f if
Adv
k rf LS ;atmiftrd u
f dk csDwufcMhJ uw,f/ Akv
d rf LS ;atmifev
YJ nf; tcefo
Y ifph mG yJ awGcY yhJ gw,f/
]]usaemfwu
Ydk ausmif;om;awGjzpfwt
hJ aMumif; ... usaemfw&Ydk UJ tpDtpOfawGudk csjycJyh gw,f/
Akv
d rf LS ;atmif&UJ rsufEmS [m csufjcif;qko
d vkd wif;rmoGm;ygw,f/
]]ig ... pkMunf&,f - NLD &,f awG&Y r,fqdk ... ig vk;H 0 rawGEY idk b
f ;l }}
usaemfwYdk aMumifomG ;Muw,f/ awmfawmfvnf; tMuyfu
dk o
f mG ;ygw,f/ bmvky&f rSe;f
rodawmhbl;/ usaemfwkdY trsKd;rsKd;ajzmif;zsMuw,f/
]]bb usaemfww
Ydk ifjycsufawGukd enf;enf;av;avmufawmh todrw
S jf yKay;yg ... 'DaeY
tcsed t
f cgrSm trsK;d om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;qkw
d m t&rf;ukv
d t
dk yfaeygw,f? oifjh rwfzYkd vkyd gw,f...
bbwkv
Yd dk tpOfvm&Sw
d v
hJ Bl uD;awGeYJ tefweD rYJ S roifjh rwfMubl;qk&d if ... a&SUukd b,fvq
dk ufomG ;
MurvJ}}
]]tJ'gawG igrodb;l ? ig&Si;f &Si;f yJ ajymr,fumG ... ig vk;H 0 rawGcY sifb;l / olweYdk YJ wGNJ yD;vnf;
... igwkdYwzGJYvkH; bmrSrvkyfcsifbl;}}
usaemfwt
Ydk m;vk;H 0rf;enf;ovkd cHpm;oGm;ygw,f/ yxrOD;qk;H ajcvSr;f rSmwif OD;usK;d ovkrd sm;
jzpfaeNyDvm;? 'gayr,fv
h nf; bmyJjzpfjzpf pdw&f n
S &f r,f ... qkw
d hJ oabmw&m;uawmh &ifxrJ mS &Sad e
qJyg/
Akv
d rf LS ;atmifuawmh tqufrjywfqo
dk vkd acgif;ukd wGiw
f iG cf gqJygyJ/ usaemfwu
Ydk ajymvku
d f
... olu jiif;y,fvkdufeJY em&D0ufcefYavmufMumtNyD;rSmawmh ... usaemfuyJ qufNyD; ...
]]bb aemufq;Hk tcGiahf &;av;wckawmhay;yg ... bbwkYd bmawGrauseyfovJ? usaemfwu
Ydk dk
&ifx&J w
dS mawGajymyg ... usaemfwYdk nEd idI ;f vk&Yd r,fqdk tefweD YJ ned idI ;f csifygw,f}}
24
armifarmif0rf;
]]tJ'v
D dk nEd idI ;f vkYd ... rif;wkt
Yd efwu
D a&m .. tqifajyr,fvYdk xifovm; ... a0;ao; ... ig
vk;H 0 rxif}}
]]bbajymovkad wmh [kwrf ,f rxifygbl; ... nEd idI ;f vku
d &f if tqifajyrSmyg}}
]]olY (a':atmifqef;pkMunf) oabmua&m tckvuf&dS tajctaerSm b,fv&dk v
dS }J }
Adv
k rf LS ;atmif taetxm;u apmapmuxuf enf;enf; aysmhajymif;vmwJh t&dyv
f uPm
w&yfudk usaemfwYdk pwifawGjY rifvm&ygw,f/ usaemfwYdk 0rf;omoGm;Muw,f/
]]tefwu
D tm;vk;H oifjh rwfa&;ukd tvk&d ydS gw,f .../ ,kyH g bb}}
]]igwkYd tm;vk;H vnf; Mum;ygw,f ... ... trsKd;om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;qkw
d m 'kEYd idk if t
H wGuf
t&rf;ukd vkt
d yfygw,f .. 'gr&Sb
d eJ YJ wkid ;f jynfux
dk al xmifzq
Ydk w
dk m pdwu
f ;l ,Ofovkyd gyJ/ orifarG;&if;
... usm;pm;&if;jzpfaerSmyJ .../ qufrGJOD;rSmyJ}}
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25
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26
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27
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28
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29
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30
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36
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37
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38
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39
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40
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41
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42
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43
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44
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45
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46
armifarmif0rf;
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dk Nf yD? vGecf w
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f rJ mS aumufcsufcsae&if;u ...
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d J
awGYcsifw,fwJh ... jzpfEkdif ... rjzpfEkdif usaemfhukd tcktaMumif;jyefvkdY &Ekdifrvm;}}
rkd;utawmfukd csKyfaeNyD? pDpOfzdkYqkdwm b,fvkdrS rjzpfEkdif/ awGY&rSmu reufjzefqkdawmh
odyfawmhvG,fvdrfhr,fvkdY usaemf rxifrd/
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vky&f rvJ}}
47
]][kwNf yDav ... usaemfwYdk cifAsm;qDudk vmqufo,

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Y zHk u
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ausmif;om;rsm; vmac:zdkYukdygpDpOfckdif;awmh olu .. ]tm;vkH;pDpOfay;r,fhtaMumif;} ajymNyD;
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usaemf&h UJ pdwx
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aemufwaeYrmS awmh usaemfwu
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Ydk nf; wdwu
d sus rodb;l ../ aemufawmhrS ..
0efBuD;rsm;k;H xJ ukd xk;d 0ifomG ;w,f/ tJ'0D ef;xJa&mufawmh axmufvrS ;f a&; bmk;H vJ rodb;l /
enf;enf;awmh taqmuftODu BuD;w,f ../ usaemfwYdk ukd um;ay:uqif;ckid ;f NyD; .. ]ygvmwJh
tdwaf wG? pmtkyaf wGudk tjyifrmS xm;cJzh }Ydk ajymw,f/ aemuf tpnf;ta0;cef;rvkd (tcef;ukd
av;axmifh pm;yGyJ pHk H ywfvnfcif;xm;) ae&mukd a&mufawmh usaemfwu
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d w
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d Bf uD;vkyo
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av;xJrSm a&;rSwfw,f .../
odyrf MumcifrmS yJ .. t&yf0wf t&yfpm; vl 5 a,mufavmuf0ifvmNyD; tat;ykvif;awGe?YJ
udwrf ek aYf wG o,fvmNyD; .. usaemfwu
Ydk dk wnfcif;auR;arG; .. olwt
Ydk m;vk;H uvnf; usaemfwu
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jyHK;jyHK;&Tif&TifeJY qufqHaeavawmh .. usaemfhpdwfxJrSm ]tajctaeuawmh odyfrqkd;bl;} vkdY
48
armifarmif0rf;
aumufcsufcsrdw,f .../ usaemfu ab;em;rSm&Sw

d hJ ausmif;om; cifarmifoed ;f (NLD-uku
d ;kd uGe;f
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]]I; .. wk;d wk;d .. tcef;xJrmS toHzrf;pufawG wyfxm;&ifwyfxm;rSm/ odypf um;rajymeJY
awmh}} qkad wmhrS usaemfwv
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f mwJv
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,leaD zmif;eJY vlBuD;vkYd ajymwJo
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dk af wmh .. tqifu
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qkad wmhrS usaemfvnf; odawmhw,f/ Akv
d cf sKyfcifeG Yf &JUvuf;Hk (ol&Y mxl; wdwu
d susawmh
usaemfvnf; rodb;l ).. NyD;awmh ol&Y UJ &ifbwfrmS vnf; trsK;d om;nDvmcH uk,
d pf m;vS,q
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a0SYMunfhNyD; .. jyHK;jyw,f/ NyD;rS olYa&SUrSm wifxm;wJh ,lvmwJh rSwfpkpmtkyfav;ukdzGifh&if; ...
]]usaemf zwfjywmav; aoaocsmcsmem;axmifay;ygaemf}} qkdNyD; ... ...
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49
usaemfwYdk Akv
d rf LS ;BuD;oef;xGe;f eJY pkpak ygif;aqG;aEG;csdef em&D0ufomomygyJ/ aemufawmh jyefvmcJMh u
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usaemfwu
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OD;MunfarmifwkdYeJYygawGYawmh tusKd; taMumif;ukd wifjyMuw,f/ tefwDuawmh ...
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]]tefwD tygt0if .. bbwku
Yd dk usaemfwYdk today;xm; csifygw,f ../ tJ'gbmvJqadk wmh
usaemfwYdk tckvyk af qmifaewJh udp& yfwidk ;f ukd k;d om;yGiv
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rauseyfvYdk etzu axmifcsypfvu
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+++++
50
armifarmif0rf;
]arQmfvifhcsufqdkonfrSm b,fawmhrS tcsnf;tESD;rjzpf/ reufjzeftxd

qufvuf touf&SifEdkifzdkY vlwa,mufudk t"du wGef;tm;ay;onfhcGeftm;rSm
arQmfvifhcsufomjzpfonf r[kwfvm;}
pma&;q&mr *sL;
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q&morm;rsm;ukd vufq,fjzmrk;d &Scd ;dk uefawmh MuwJah eYvnf; jzpfw,f/ 'Dvdk &Scd ;dk uefawmhMujcif;[m
jrefrmhkd;&m tpOftvmyg? vufeufcsjcif; r[kwf? tnHhcHjcif; r[kwf? atmufuscHjcif;rsKd;vnf;
r[kwfyg/ usaemfwkdY pDpOfcJhwJh *g&0jyKyGJqkdwm omrefMunfhr,fqkd 'DavmufygyJ/
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tE&m,fawGuv
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tefwDhjcH0ef;xJrSmusif;yr,fh yxrqkH;tcrf;tem;ukd rysufysufatmif vmzsufEkdifr,fh
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dk nf; BudKawG;NyD; BudKpDpOfEikd af tmif zefw;D xm;&ygw,f/ vkjH cHKa&;ukd ygwDvil ,fawGeYJ
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arwm&yfcNH yD; ]waeYwmtwGuf usaemfwYdk wm0ef,al y;r,ft
h aMumif;} ukd oabmwlncD suf&atmif
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h m tqifajycJyh gw,f/ (tefwu
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f rf;Xme zGix
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a&;ay;oGm;wJh q&mBuD; rif;ok0Pf&JU uAsmav;yg .../
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wufa&mufvmMuwJh vlBuD;awmfawmfrsm;rsm; rSww
f rf;awG a&;ay;Muygw,f/ (tefwpD k
tygt0ifayghav) wufa&mufvmMuwJh vlBuD;awG awmfawmfrsm;rsm;&Syd gw,f/ rSwrf o
d avmufqdk
51
ta,muf 60 eD;yg;awmh&rdS ,f xifygw,f/ xl;jcm;wmu xif&mS ;wJh pma&;q&m BuD; eef;GeaYf qG?
jroef;wifeh YJ q&matmifoif;udyk g zdwMf um;cJyh gw,f/ q&mBuD;awGuvnf; wufa&mufay;ygw,f/
trsKd;orD;xJuawmh vlBuD;ykid ;f u q&mrBuD; a':MunfO;D (ukZd m*emhtar)eJY a':MunfMunf &,f/
aemufEpS af ,mufuawmh tefwpD k eJY a':csKdcsdKausmfNidr;f aygif; av;OD;yJ &Syd gw,f/
&moDOwkuvnf; tJ'aD eYu awmfawmhu
f dk omom,m,m&Scd w
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hJ vm;
xif&avmufatmifyg? ukudKif;vrf;rBuD;ay:u tefwDpk&JU jcH0ef;a&SUrSma&m? jcHwGif;rSma&m
y&dowfawGtjynfh/ um;awG tpDt&D? jyefpOf;pm;Munfhrdwkdif; atmufarhowd&p&mawG ...
&ifx0J ifa&mufvmygw,f/ tckcsderf mS tJ'v
D Bl uD;awGxu
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f eG o
f mG ;MuygavNyD/
pdwrf aumif;p&m jrifuiG ;f wckuvnf; &Sad o;oAs/ tefwDh jcH0ef;xdyef m;u taqmuftODi,f
av;rSm tjrJae&m,lxm;wJh axmufvrS ;f a&;awGu olwx
Ydk idk af eusae&mav;rSm ikww
f w
k u
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xkid af eMuawmh .. 0ifvmMuwJh y&dowfwikd ;f u olwu
Ykd kd Munfo
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d cf sKyf&UJ tyg;awmfjrJ (Akv
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Ekid if aH &;avmurSm twefi,faysmufaewJo
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YJ wlyaJ e&m,lNyD; vlBuD;awGudk
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q&mBuD;rif;ok0Pfukd emrnfac: rdwq
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H @mefrsKd;av;) vlxu
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Ydk
52
armifarmif0rf;
pum;ajymay;zkdY arwm&yfcHvkdY q&m u pum;ajymay;w,f .../ ppcsif; bmajymovJ qkdawmh ...

]]ig vli,fawG? ausmif;om;awGukd oem;w,fuGm .../ wu,fawmh rif;wkdYwawG[m ...
pmoif&r,fhtcsdefrSm pmroifEkdif .../ wkdif;jynfwm0efawGukd rEkdifhwEkdifxrf;ykd; .. axmifawG
wef;awGusMu? tESdyfpufawGcH& .. igh&ifxJ rcsdbl; .../ tJ'gbmjzpfvkdY .. 'Dvkdjzpf&wmvJ ..
odvm; .. rSwfxm;uG .. ig tygt0if (pifjrifhay:u vlBuD;awGukd vufndK;xkd;jyNyD;) 'DvlBuD;awG
raumif;cJhvkdY ... nHhcJhMuvkdY 'DvkdjzpfwmuG}} qkdawmh pifjrifhay:rSm&SdaewJh vlBuD;awG kd;wkd;&Gw ...
vIyfpdvIyfpdawG jzpfukefw,f/ aemuf qufajymao;w,f .../
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f &k iftvkyu
f dk vky&f w,f ... waeY oufO;D qHyidk b
f &k ifwyg;u
wkid ;f cef;vSnv
hf mawmh trsKd;orD;wa,mufu refusnf;yifay:rSm t&GuEf ak v;awG wufc;l ae
w,fav .../ tJ'gukd wa,mufu vSrf;ajymw,f ../ ][Jh .. &Sifbk&if <uvmNyD? opfyifay:u
qif;} qkdawmh .. olu ajymw,f ... ]&Sifbk&if .. &Sifbk&if tvkyfvkyf .. rusnf;&Gufonfu
rusnf;&Gufonftvkyf vkyfr,f ...} wJh/
em;axmifaeMuwJh y&dowf vufckyfoHawG nHoGm;w,f/ (aemiftcgrSawmh q&m
atmifoif;u usaemfeJYawGYwJhtcg ajymygw,f .../ ]]ighukd 'Dvkdtcrf;tem;awGrSm pum;ajym
rckdif;ygeJYuGm ... wJh/ .. iguvnf; rSefwmawGajymrd&if .. ighukd tawmftjrifuyfMurSmuG ...}} wJh)
wu,fvnf; tjrifuyfccH &hJ ygw,f../ usaemf vlBuD;tcsKdUeJY awGw
Y t
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... q&m atmifoif;vkv
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f ;l ....} qkNd yD; jyif;xefpmG
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h dk ajymw,f ../
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d Ydk usaemf tefwpD k &S&d mukd q&mhuakd c:oGm;NyD;
awGq
Y aHk y;awmh ...
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53
q&matmifoif;eJY tefwpD k &,f&,farmarmeJY tdraf &SUu qif0ifatmufem;av;rSm&yfNyD;

pum;awG azmifzMYJG uawmhw,f/ usaemfvnf; usefwu
hJ pd & yfawGuvnf; &Sad eao;wmrkYd tem;u
cGmvmawmh bmawGqufajymMuvJ rodawmhb;l /
aemuf&ufrsm; rMumcifrSmawmh q&matmifoif;a&m ... q&mBuD; jroef;wifha&m
ESpfa,mufvkH;udk pmaya&;om;cGifh? pmaya[majymyGJawGrSm a[majymcGifh ydwfvkdufw,fvkdY
Mum;&awmhwmygyJ/ wu,fawmh usaemfwYdk 'Dtcrf;tem;ukd usi;f y&jcif;&JU t"du &nf&,
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f yk af ewmvdYk tBudrBf udrt
f cgcg ajymcJNh yD;ygNyD/ jynfo&l UJ tiftm;ukd pepfwus
oHk;rSyJ xda&mufrSmyg/ jynfolawGudk xyfNyD;rSmyg&ap/ udk,fvdkcsifwmudk arQmfvifhaeHkeJY
ratmifjrifygbl;/ udk,fvdkcsifwmudk&atmif vkyfMurS? vkyf&JrS? vkyfEkdifrS &r,f/ taumif;qHk;
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(a':atmifqef;pkMunf\ rdecYf eG ;f aumufEw
k cf sufwckrS -)
wcgu usaemfhNrdKUrSmyg .../
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Ydk aygif;oif;awG 0kid ;f zGNYJ yD;pum;ajymaewJt
h csderf mS NrdKUay:u enf;enf;yku
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54
armifarmif0rf;
]olpY ;D yGm;a&;ukd b,ftmPmykid af wGu b,fvEdk ydS pf ufvYdk b,fv'dk u

k a &mufwt
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d nf; b,fvdk uefo
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d yf ifwt
hJ aMumif;} awGudk cko
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usaemf pdwrf 0ifpm;bl; ...}}vkYd qkv
d mawmh? usaemfu ... ...
]]tckcifAsm; nnf;aewmawG[m Ekid if aH &; r[kwb
f ;l vm; ... tJ'g cifAsm; Ekid if aH &;taMumif;
ajymaewmyJ}}
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k &f if; usaemfwpYdk um;awGudk ZGwjf iif;csuf xkwaf wmhw,f ../ 'Dvel aYJ wmh
cufNyD .../
]]aeygOD; .. cifAsm; apmapmu ajymoGm;wJh .. ukd,fvkyfrS .. ukd,fpm;&w,fqkdwm ...
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cifAsm;wkv
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55
a':vmoef;csD &aeNyD/ cifAsm; olYavmuf csrf;omaeNyDvm;}} ... qkdawmh 'Dvl awmfawmf

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b,forYl S avQmufrajymeJaY emf ..}} (rsufv;Hk u ab;bD0,
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rvkyf&Jbl;As .. aMumufw,f}}
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57
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58
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59
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maungmaungone@gmail.com
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2010 oufBuD;pmayynm&Sif - armifom&? OD;0if;az? armifpGrf;&nf? a':rmrmat;
2009 ckESpf rdk;rccspfolrsm; - tifeft,f'DygwD? vlxk pdef0if;? armif0Ho? tawG;tjrif r*Zif;
2008 ckESpf - rdk;rccspfolrsm; - [Hom0wD OD;0if;wif
tMuHay;tzGJY
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aMu;rkHOD;aomif; (2007 - 2008)
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pmapmif ESihf 'DZi
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a&'D,ckd spo
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nGefYaxG; (2008)? aZrdIif; (2008)? oef;pdk;vIdif (2008)? rdk;csKdoif; (2008)? a[refoZif (2008)?
opfaumif;tdrf (2009)? rdk;pJae (2009)? 0if;jrwf (2009)? avmt,fpdk; (2009)? cdkifrmausmfaZm (2009)?
*spfwl; (rkH&Gm) (2009)? yef;csDatmifvwf (2009)? umwGef; apmidk (2010)? umwGef; bDkrm (2010)? yef;csD
atmifxuf (2010)? umwGef; aZmfrIdif;(OuvH) (2010)? &ef0if; (awmifwHcg;) (2010)? cifvGef; (2010)?
Zm0g&D (r,f&Dvef;) (2011)? udkwifat; (2011)? au (2011)? yGifhjzLeEm (2011)? rkd;,Hrc (2011)?
cifEiS ;f vGif (2011)? ol&ed x
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rdk;rc rD'D,m u xkwfa0cJhonfh pmtkyfeSifh rSwfwrf;rsm; pm&if;
(1) rdk;rc a&'D,dk - wifrdk;eJY 12 v&moD cHpm;rIrsm;? toHoGif;tifwmAsL; pkpnf;rIrsm;? 2004

(2) rdk;rc a&'D,dk - 2004 ckESpf tywfpOf tpDtpOfrsm; toHzdkifaygif;csKyf? 2005
(3) Zm*em - oD;av;oD;eJY aq;a&mifpkHtNidrfh? 'DAD'D &kyfoHacG? 2006
(4) rdk;rc rD'D,m - vpOfowif;v$mrsm; 2006 aygif;csKyf? yD'Dtufzf pD'D? 2007
(5) Zm*em - 1990 oBuFef oHcsyfrsm; - pD'D &kyfoHacG ? 2007
(6) 2007 oHCmhoydwf ta&;awmfykH "mwfykHrSwfwrf;rsm; - yD'Dtufzf pD'D ? 2007
(7) 2007 oHCmhoydwf ta&;awmfykH trSwfw& aw;oDcsif;? uAsm rSwfwrf;rsm; - 'DAD'D &kyfoHacG? 2007
(8) uAsmq&mBuD; OD;wifrdk; uG,fvGefjcif; 1 v jynfh? zvfrD;tdrfodkY tvGrf;pm pmpkrsm; - pmtkyf? 2007
(9) uAsmq&mBuD; OD;wifrdk; uG,fvGefjcif; 6 v jynfh? pmayaqG;aEG;yGJ txdrf;trSwf - pmtkyf? 2007
(10) rdk;rc rD'D,m - aMu;rkH OD;aomif; (atmifAv) uG,fvGefjcif; - trSwfw& pmpkrsm; - pmtkyf? 2008
(11) oD;av;oD;eJY aq;a&mifpkH tNidrfh? uefawmfBuD; arQmfpifuRef;yGJ 2007 - 'DAD'D &kyfoHacG? 2008
(12) rdk;rc rD'D,m - a':atmifqef;pkMunf 63 ESpfajrmufarG;aeYyGJ a':rmrmat; *kPfjyKtpDtpOf - 'DAD'D
&kyfoHacG? 2008
(13) rdk;rc rD'D,m - [Hom0wD OD;0if;wif ESifh pme,fZif;aqmif;yg;rsm; - pmtkyf? 2008
(14) rdk;rc rD'D,m - rmrmat; azmif;a';&Sif;&efyHkaiG - oDcsif;pD'D ? 2008
(trsKd;om;a&;oDcsif;opfrsm; ESifh EdkifiHawmfoDcsif; jyefvnfxkwfazmfrI)
(15) rdk;rc rD'D,m - wm&mrif;a0 trSwfw& pmpkrsm; - pmtkyf? 2009
(16) uAsmq&mBuD; (OD;) wifrdk; - jrefrmhb0? jrefrmh0ef;usifESihf jrefrmhuAsm pmwrf;? 2010
(17) atmifa0; - ta&;awmfykH&ifckefolrsm; tm&ftufzfat a&'D,dk aqmif;yg;rsm;? 2010
(18) rdk;rcrD'D,m - [Hom0wD OD;0if;wifeJY ar;cGef;rsm;? 2010
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(19) a':atmifqef;pkMunf\ ESvHk;om;yHk&dyfrsm;

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