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Norisah Mustaffa (KOSPINT) Norisah Mustaffa (KOSPINT)

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Mathematics Form One
W /entifying perimeter
W Fin/ing Perimeter of a region
W $olving problems involving perimeters.
The word perimeter comes
from the two Greek words:
peri meaning "distance
around", metreo meaning "to
measure".
Identifying Perimeter
Perimeter is the distance
around a cIosed shape.
Look at the diagrams beIow
A
B
C
There are three cIosed shapes. Can you
determine the perimeter of each?
Identifying Perimeter
Perimeter is the distance
around a cIosed shape.
Look at the rectangIe given.
The Iength of
around the
rectangIe is the
perimeter of
rectangIe.
Identifying Perimeter
Perimeter is the distance
around a cIosed shape.
Look at the triangIe beIow.
The Iength of
around the
triangIe is the
perimeter of
triangIe.
Identifying Perimeter
Perimeter is the distance
around a cIosed shape.
Look at the pentagon beIow.
The Iength of
around the
pentagon is the
perimeter of
pentagon.
Is the red Iine the
perimeter of the
diagram? Why?
No, It cannot be
measured as a
perimeter. It is not
around the pentagon
Identifying Perimeter
To find the perimeter of a
figure.
ExampIe 1:
Find the perimeter of the figure given.
8 cm
6 cm
9 cm
11 cm
SoIution:
Perimeter = 9cm + 8cm + 11cm + 6cm
= 34 cm
Identifying Perimeter
To find the perimeter of a figure.
ExampIe 2:
CaIcuIate the perimeters of the
shapes on the grids beIow.
4cm
3cm
5cm
/
e
c b a
Given:
Answer: a) 34cm b) 36cm c) 32 cm d) 46cm e) 48cm
Finding the Perimeter of a Region
To find the perimeter of a region encIosed
by straight Iines, totaI up aII the sides.
SoIution:
Perimeter,
=5cm + 8cm +5cm + 6cm+ 6cm + 10cm
= 40 cm
5cm
5cm
8cm
10cm
6cm
ExampIe 3:
Find the perimeter of
this region encIosed.
Perimeter of a RectangIe
By using the ruIer, measure each of the sides
in rectangIe ABCD and rectangIe PQRS (Refer
to maniIa cards given) .
A
B
C
D
P Q
R S
Perimeter of a RectangIe
FiII in the vaIues, based on the tabIe beIow.
AII the measurements are to be in cm.
RectangIe
Length ()
Width ( ) Perimeter ( 5)
ABCD
PQRS
evelop a formulae to calculate the perimeter
of rectangles by using for length, for wi/th,
an/ 5 for perimeter.
Perimeter of a RectangIe
Perimeter of a rectangle
= 2 x (
p = 2(+ )
here, = length, = wi/th, 5 = perimeter
A
B
C
D

II
II
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes: Paper 1
n the given /iagram, all the angles are right angles.
The perimeter, in cm is,
PMR
1997
2 cm
2 cm
2 cm
3 cm
6 cm
A
B
C
D
15
20
22
26
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 1
2 PQR$ is a square. Given PQ= cm an/ X is the
mi/point of PQ. Calculate the perimeter of the
sha/e/ part.
PMR
1993
A
B
C
D
38 cm
40 cm
46 cm
53 cm
P Q X
W
V
R
S
T
3 cm
4cm
3 cm
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 1
The /iagram, PQRO is a rhombus an/ LMNR is a
square. MNO an/ QRN are straight lines. The
perimeter, in cm, of the whole /iagram is,
PMR
2001
A
B
C
D
72
80
90
123
L
Q
O
8 cm
M N
R P
15 cm
17 cm
=
=
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 1
PQR$ is square with 6 cm si/es. Two squares with
2 cm si/es is taken out from vertex P an/ R as
shown. The perimeter of the remaining /iagram, in
cm, is
PMR
1995
A
B
C
D
20
24
26
28
Q
S
R
P
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 1
iagram (i consists of two trapeziums, L an/ M.
Trapezium M is then positione/ horizontally as in
iagram (ii. Calculate the /ifferences of perimeter,
in cm, between iagram (i an/ iagram (ii.
PMR
1999
A
B
C
D
0
4
10
13
L
M
L M
iagram (i iagram (ii
6 cm
8 cm
cm
5 cm
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 2
n the /iagram below, ABC an/ BEFG is a square
an/ BCG is a right triangle. Calculate the perimeter
of the whole /iagram.
PMR
2000
A
E
G D C
B
P
9 cm
F
12 cm
Answer:_____________
cm
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 2
2 The /iagram below is /rawn on square gri/s. Fin/ the
perimeter of the /iagram.
PMR
2000
2 cm
Answer:_____________
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 2
Fin/ the perimeter for the following /iagram.
Answer:_____________
2 cm
cm
II
II II
= =
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 2
Fin/ the perimeter for the following /iagram.
PMR
2000
Answer:_____________
//
2 cm
cm
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
ExampIes : Paper 2
Fin/ the perimeter for the following /iagram.
PMR
2000
Answer:_____________
9 cm
Questions Number
1 2 3 4 5
Paper 1

A A
C
Paper 2
90 cm 80 cm 36 cm 57 cm
108 cm
SoIving ProbIems InvoIving Perimeters
Answers
Group Activity
Measure the perimeter of the school ba/minton court.
Let's Think!!!
30 cm
30 cm
RM1.50 for
1 piece
24 pieces
Answer : RM6
RM ?????
W Estimating the area of a shape
W Fin/ing the area of a rectangle
W $olving problems involving areas.
What is the different
between perimeter an
area? You shouId be abIe
to understand after doing
foIIowing activities.
Estimating the area of the Ieaf.
Put a Ieaf on a piece of square
grids paper. Trace it shape on to
the graph paper
Tick (/) each square that is within
the shape of the Ieaf. You shouId
aIso tick the squares that are at
Ieast haIf-covered by the Ieaf.
How many ticks (/) did you
make?
Can you estimate the area of the
Ieaf?
1 cm
1 cm
Area of RectangIes
Area is the amount of surface
that a shape covers.
Look at the diagrams beIow
1 mm
2
Area is measured in square units. There are
severaI units of measurements of area.
1 cm
2
1 m
2
1 km
2
1 mm
1 mm
1 cm
1 cm
1 m
1 m
1 km
1 km
Area of RectangIes
Area is the amount of surface
that a shape covers.
W 1 mm
2
is read as one square miIIimeter
W 1 cm
2
is read as one square centimeter
W 1 m
2
is read as one square meter
W 1 km
2
is read as one square kiIometer
Area of RectangIes
Area is the amount of surface
that a shape covers.
W 1 cm
2
= 100 mm
2
W 1 m
2
= 10 000 cm
2
W 1 km
2
= 1 000 000 m
2
Finding The Area of RectangIes
Area is the amount of surface
that a shape covers.
1
1
Area = 1 square unit
= 1 unit
2
What is the
area of this
shape?
Investigate and deveIop a FormuIa The
Area of A RectangIe
The area of a shape can be estimated
using unit square.
Look at the rectangles on the square gri/s below.
A B P Q
$ R
C
CompIete the tabIe provided
The area of a shape can be
estimated using unit square.
RectangIe
Length ()
Width ( ) Area: Number
of square ( )
ABCD
PQRS
FiII in the vaIues, based on the tabIe beIow.
AII the measurements are to be in cm.
Investigate and deveIop a FormuIa The
Area of A RectangIe
Discuss the concIusion by studying the resuIts in the tabIe with your friends.
Area of a RectangIe
Area of a rectangIe = Iength x width
= x

Area of RectangIes
ExampIe:
Find the areas of the diagrams beIow.
15 cm
8 cm
1)
SoIution:
Area = Iength x width
= 15 cm x 8 cm
= 120 cm
2
SoIution:
Area = (18 x 10) - (6 x 5)
= 180 cm
2
- 30 cm
2
= 150 cm
2
18 cm
10cm
2)
6 cm
6 cm
5 cm
W Area of a triangIe
W Area of a paraIIeIogram
W Area of a trapezium
W SoIving probIems invoIving areas.
You have Iearned on
how to find the area of
rectangIe. Now, we are
going to Iearn how to
find the areas of
triangIes, paraIIeIograms
and trapeziums.
Area of TriangIes
Finding the area of a right-angIed triangIe.
Look at the diagrams beIow. A
diagonaI is drawn on each rectangIe
and divided equaIIy.
Two triangIes are formed exactIy the same size.
A
B
C
Identifying the Heights and Bases of
TriangIes, ParaIIeIograms and Trapeziums.
base
height
base
height height
base
A
B
C
base
height
TriangIe ParaIIeIogram Trapezium
base
height
height
base
P
Q
R
P $
Q R
(a)
(b)

Area of a TriangIe
DeveIoping a formuIa for the area of a
right-angIed triangIe
Area (a) and area (b)
are in the same size.
So,
Area of right-angle/ triangles PQ$
an/ Q$R,
= x area of rectangIe PQRS = x area of rectangIe PQRS
= x = x x x
Area (a)
= x x
= x PS x PQ
P
Q
S
Q
S
S
Area (b)
= x x
= x QR x SR
Finding The Area of a ParaIIeIogram
DeveIoping a formuIa for the area of a
paraIIeIogram.
Area of a parallelogram
= base x height ( = base x height ( x w x w
) )
Height (h)
Base (b)
A
B B
Base (b)
Height
(h)
A
A
A
B
=
B
A
Area of a Trapezium
DeveIoping a formuIa for the area of
a trapezium.
Area of a trapezium
= x (a + b) x h = x (a + b) x h
I II
a b
a b
a b
a b
h
h
I
a
b
II
The totaI area of two
trapeziums is equaI to
the area of the rectangIe
Divide rectangIe by
drawing dotted Iine
Cut out the two
trapeziums
PIace trapezium II
on trapezium I
II I
Area of Triangle, Parallelogram
an/ Trapezium
Area of triangIe
= x base x height = x base x height
= x b x h = x b x h b
h
Area of a paraIIeIogram
= base x height = base x height
= = b x h b x h
b
h
Area of a trapezium
= x sum of two paraIIeI sides x height
= x (a + b) x h = x (a + b) x h
b
a
h
Fin/ing Areas of Figures Ma/e Up of
Triangles, Parallelograms an/
Trapeziums
5 cm
13 cm
10 cm
12 cm
6 cm
ExampIe: Find the area of the foIIowing figure
Solution:
= ( x 10 x 12)+[ x (5+13) x 6 ]
= 60 + 54
= 114 cm
2
SoIving ProbIem InvoIving
of Perimeters and Areas
RectangIes
TriangIes
ParaIIeIograms
Trapezium
Combined figures invoIving
rectangIes, triangIes, paraIIeIograms
and trapeziums.
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
Find the area of the figure beIow.
cm
cm
cm
=
II
A 50 cm
2
B 75 cm
2
C 125 cm
2
D 130 cm
2
Question 1:
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
The beIow diagram is drawn on
grids of 1 cm squared. What is the
area of the shaded area?.
A 6 cm
2
B 7.5 cm
2
C 8 cm
2
D 8.5 cm
2
Question 2:
1 cm
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
The area of a rectanguIar is 119 cm
2
.
If it's width is 7 cm, find it's
perimeter.
A 24 cm
B 48 cm
C 52 cm
D 60 cm
Question 3:
119 cm
2
7 cm
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
The beIow diagram is drawn on grids of 1 cm
squared. Given figures A, B, C, D, which
figures area is haIf the area of figure N?
A I
B II
C III
D IV
Question 4:
N
III
I
IV
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
What is the area of the figure given?
Question 5:
4 cm
3 cm
A 276 cm
2
B 264 cm
2
C 252 cm
2
D 240 cm
2
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
The above diagram is drawn on grids of 2 cm
squared. Find the area of the shaded region.
Question 6:
2 cm
2 cm
A 30 cm
2
B 36 cm
2
C 44 cm
2
D 60 cm
2
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
The above diagram is drawn on grids of 2 cm
squared. Find the area of the shaded region.
Question 7:
A 36 cm
2
B 56 cm
2
C 64 cm
2
D 72 cm
2
I I
=
=
12 cm
4 cm
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
In the diagram, FGH is a straight Iine. The
area of the shaded region, in cm
2
, is
Question 8:
A 35
B 60
C 70
D 98
5 cm 7 cm
14 cm
H
F
G
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
In the diagram, find the area of the shaded
region.
Question 9:
12 cm
14 cm
16 cm
A 84 cm
2
B 120 cm
2
C 196 cm
2
D 224 cm
2
SoIving probIems invoIving areas
In the diagram, find the area of the shaded
region.
Question 10:
A 70 cm
2
B 120 cm
2
C 180 cm
2
D 200 cm
2
II
II
cm
8 cm 8 cm
cm
cm
SoIving probIems invoIving
perimeters and areas
QUESTION
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
ANSWER
C C B D A D D A A B
Answer
THAtK Y0u