Prepared by:-

Santosh Sachdeva
Science Mistress
Govt. Sr. Sec. Model School, PAU Ludhiana

Teacher Trainer: Student Trainer:

Ms. Harinder Kaur Ms. Rachna
Computer Faculty Computer Faculty
The Solar system consists of the Sun,
its nine orbiting planets, and their
moons as well as asteroids, comets, and
meteoroids. The planets are, in order
from the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth,
Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune and Pluto
 Planet:
Any major celestial body that orbits a star and does not emit visible
light of its own but instead shines by reflected light.

 Asteroids or Planetoids:
These are Smaller bodies that also orbit a star and are not satellites
of a planet.

 Star:
Star (astronomy), massive shining sphere of hot gas. The stars
visible to the naked eye all belong to the Milky Way Galaxy

 Sattelite:
Anything that revolves around a Planet is called a Satellite. These
are of two types:- 1. Natural
2. Man Made
 Sun, closest star to Earth. The Sun is a huge
mass of hot, glowing gas. The strong
gravitational pull of the Sun holds Earth and
the other planets in the solar system in orbit.
The Sun’s light and heat influence all of the
objects in the solar system and allow life to
exist on Earth.
Earth would not have any life on it without the
Sun’s energy, which reaches Earth in the form
of heat and light. This energy warms our days
and illuminates our world. Green plants absorb
sunlight and convert it to food, which these
plants then use to live and grow. In this
process, the plants give off the oxygen that
animals breathe. Animals eat these plants for
nourishment.
Mercury orbits closer to the
Sun than any other planet,
making it dry, hot, and
virtually airless. Although
the planet’s cratered surface
resembles that of the Moon,
it is believed that the interior
is actually similar to Earth’s,
consisting primarily of iron
and other heavy elements.
Venus is the brightest and hottest
planet with a surface temperature of
about 460° C (about 860° F). Scientists
believe that a greenhouse effect
causes the extreme temperature,
hypothesizing that the planet’s thick
clouds and dense atmosphere trap
energy from the sun. Swirling clouds
of sulfur and sulfuric acid obscure
Venus’s surface and inhibited study of
the planet from Earth until technology
permitted space vehicles, outfitted
with probes, to visit it.
An oxygen-rich and protective
atmosphere, moderate
temperatures, abundant water,
and a varied chemical
composition enable Earth to
support life, the only planet
known to harbor life. The planet is
composed of rock and metal,
which are present in molten form
beneath its surface. The Apollo 17
spacecraft took this snapshot in
1972 of the Arabian Peninsula, the
African continent, and Antarctica
(most of the white area near the
bottom).
 The planet’s atmosphere
consists primarily of carbon
dioxide, with small amounts of
nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor,&
other gases. Because the
atmosphere is extremely thin,
daily temperatures can vary as
much as 100 Celsius degrees
(190 Fahrenheit degrees). The
temperatures are too cold & In
general, surface temperatures &
pressures too low for water to
exist in a liquid state on Mars.
The planet resembles a cold,
high-altitude desert.
Jupiter is the largest of the
planets, with a volume
more than 1,300 times
greater than that of Earth.
Jupiter’s colorful bands are
caused by strong
atmospheric currents and
accentuated by a dense
cloud cover. The massive
planet, upper right, is
shown here with its four
largest satellites:
Saturn, distinguished
by its rings, is the the
second largest planet
in the solar system.
This processed Hubble
Space Telescope
image shows the
planet’s cloud bands,
storms, and rings as
they would appear to
the human.
Uranus’s blue-green color comes
from the methane gas present in its
cold, clear atmosphere. The dark
shadings at the right edge of the
sphere correspond to the day-night
boundary on the planet. Uranus’s
northern hemisphere remains in a
four-decade-long period of
darkness because of the way the
planet rotates. Scientists compiled
this view of Uranus from images
returned from Voyager 2 in 1986,
when the probe was 9.1 million km
(5.7 million mi) away from the planet
The planet’s most
prominent features are
The large, dark oval
body, surrounded by
white clouds near the
planet’s equator is the
Great Dark Spot, a
storm similar to
Jupiter’s Great Red
Spot. The smaller dark
oval with a bright core
below and to the right
of the Great Dark Spot
is another storm
known as Dark Spot.
 Pluto is farther from the Sun
than the other planets in the
solar system, although it
occasionally moves in closer
than Neptune due to an
irregular orbit. The small,
rocky, and cold planet takes
247.7 years to revolve around
the Sun. This artist's rendition
depicts Pluto, foreground; its
moon, Charon, background; and
the distant Sun, upper right.
Pluto has the longest period of
revolution: 247.7 years.
For instance, Mercury, a small, hot
planet is on average, 58 million
km (36 million mi) from the Sun,
while icy Pluto is 5.9 billion km
(3.67 billion mi) away.
Venus rotates relatively slowly
around its axis, so that one day
on the planet equals 58 Earth
days. Jupiter is the largest
planet in the system, a volume
1,400 times greater than that
of Earth.
Saturn has a broad set of rings and
features more than twenty
satellites, the most of any planet.
Mars is characterized by orange
coloration and distinct polar ice
caps, while methane in the
atmospheres of Uranus and
Neptune makes these planets a
bright blue-green.
 DEFINE SOLAR SYSTEM?
 NAME PLANETS OF SOLAR SYSTEM.
 DEFINE THE FOLLOWING:
1. PLANET 2. STAR 3. SATELLITE.
 NAME THE BIGGEST PLANET.
 NAME RED PLANET.
 WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN?
1. THE PLANET&STAR 2. PLANET&SATELLITE.
 WHICH IS THE NEAREST PLANET?
 WHICH IS THE HOTTEST PLANET?
 WHY MERCURY IS HOTEST?
 WHICH PLANET IS CALLED AS THE MORNING &
EVENING STAR?
THE MATERIAL FOR THE PROJECT IS
COLLECTED FROM
1MICROSOFT ENCARTA.
2TEXT BOOK OF SCIENCE CLASS IX
N.C.E.R.T.