Ti liu o to Chuyn mch Cisco Switch

D n : Trang b h tng mng my tnh bng thng rng ti mi n v thnh vin ca i hc Thi Nguyn

M hiu d n: 01 EEC 1.1 M hiu ti liu: Phin bn: 1.0 Ngy ban hnh: 24/08/2009

O TO Chuyn mch Cisco Switch

Lch hc
Day 1 Day 2 Ni Dung Mc1: Tiu Phn 2: Phn Cu Tng Quan V Trong 5Hnh VLAN Lch Hc: ngy Sng Trong Cisco Catalyst Cisco Catalyst Switch Switch t 9h-11h30 8h30-11h30 Sng 14h-16h30 L th t Chiu t 14h 16h30 thuyt Day 3
Phn 3: VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)

Day 4
Phn 4: STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Day 5
Phn 5: Inter-Vlan Routing

Phn 6: Thit k mng

Chiu 14h-17h Thc hnh

Bi 1: Thit lp kt ni Console n Switch Bi 2: Thit lp kt ni Telnet n Switch Bi 3: Thit lp kt ni Web n Switch (CE500) Bi 4: Cu hnh a ch IP cho my PC

Bi 5: Cu hnh cc tham s c bn cho Switch Bi 6: Cu hnh VLAN

Bi 7: Cu hnh VTP

Bi 8: cu hnh Inter-Vlan Routing

Bi 8: cu hnh Inter-Vlan Routing (tt)

Gii thiu
Ngi trnh by: 1. H Tn 2. V tr cng tc 3. Kinh nghim

Hc vin gii thiu 1. H tn 2. V tr cng tc 3. Nhng kinh nghim v network

Phn 1 Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch

Ni Dung :
Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch Mt S Khi Nim Kin trc- Thnh Phn Nguyn L Hot ng Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco Hng Dn Qun Tr Gii thiu v cc lnh thng thng trong Switch

Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch

Thit b chuyn mch (switch) hot ng lp 2, mc ch kt ni cc thit b trong cng 1 mng LAN li vi nhau chia s thng tin.

Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch

c im
Switch hot ng lp 2 trong m hnh OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Thc hin chuyn mch bng phn cng (application specific integrated (application-specific circuit (ASIC)). Cho php tc ln n hng Gb/s

Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch

c im
Chia nh Collision Domain

Lm tng bng thng c th s dng

Ni Dung :
Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch

Mt S Khi Nim
Kin trc- Thnh Phn Nguyn L Hot ng g y g Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco Hng Dn Qun Tr Gii thiu v cc lnh thng thng trong Switch g g g

Mt S Khi Nim
a ch Mac (Media Access Control address): 1. C 6 bytes 2. Chia lm 2 phn: OUI c cp bi IEEE , NIC c gn bi nh sn xut 3. 3 Bit 7 v 8 ca octet u tin ch ra unicast hay multicast 4. V d: 00-16-CE-77-62-FB

Mt S Khi Nim
nh dng khung lp 2

Ethernet c a ra bi DIX(Digital Equipment-Intel-Xerox) IEEE 802.3 c a ra bi IEEE

Mt S Khi Nim
(nh Dng Khung Lp 2)
Preamble: l mt chui cc bt 0,1 ng b Destination Address(DA): a ch MAC ca thit b nhn Source Address(SA): a ch MAC ca thit b gi Length: di ca khung Type v 802.2 header: ch ra loi giao thc lp mng FCS(Frame Check Sequence) : lu CRC kim tra li ca khung

Mt S Khi Nim
Phng thc truyn tin lp 2:
Unicast

Broadcast

Multicast

Mt S Khi Nim
Phng thc truyn tin lp vt l ca Switch Half-duplex: c th truyn theo 2 hng, ti mt thi im truyn theo mt hng Full-duplex: truyn 2 hng ng thi Cc ch truyn trong cng ca Cisco Switch: Auto: T ng iu chnh chn ra ch truyn thch hp nht Full: Thit lp cng ch Fullduplex Half : Thit lp cng ch Halfduplex

Mt S Khi Nim
CSMA/CD ( Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection ): l giao thc gip cho cc thit b c th truyn tin (lp 2) trong mng chia s.

Mt S Khi Nim
CSMA/CD (tip)

Mt S Khi Nim
CSMA/CD (tip)

Mt S Khi Nim
CSMA/CD (tip)

Mt S Khi Nim
CSMA/CD (tip)

Ni Dung :
Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch Mt S Khi Nim

Kin trc- Thnh Phn trcNguyn L Hot ng g y g Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco Hng Dn Qun Tr Gii thiu v cc lnh thng thng trong Switch g g g

Kin trc- Thnh Phn trcKin trc c bn ca thit b Router: Phn cng, b nh, h iu hnh
Phn cng Ph thuc vo tng chng loi thit b, c bn gm: Bo mch ch B x l trung tm-CPU B nh Bus h thng Cc giao tip ngoi vi B nh Flash (non volatile) Cha ng file h iu hnh, file VLAN.dat v cc file ph tr khc DRAM/SRAM (volatile) Cha ng cc thng s lm vic ca h iu hnh khi chy Cha cu hnh trong khi chy NVRAM (non volatile) Cha nh cc tham s khai bo Switch lm vic (startup-config) BootROM Cha ng nhng tham s ban u v phn cng thit b ca nh sn xut

H iu hnh IOS H iu hnh chuyn dng , tnh nng thay i theo Version v model

Kin trc- Thnh Phn trcMt trc

Mt sau

Kin trc- Thnh Phn trcGii Thch(tip)

AC power connector RPS Connector(Redundant AC Power System ) S Fan RJ-45 console port

Ngun chnh ca Switch Ngun d phng Q Qut lm mt Cng khi to cu hnh ban u cho Switch

Ni Dung :
Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch Mt S Khi Nim Kin trc- Thnh Phn

Nguyn L Hot ng g y g
Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco Hng Dn Qun Tr Gii thiu v cc lnh thng thng trong Switch g g g

Nguyn L Hot ng
hot ng chuyn mch cc gi tin Switch lun phi thc hin cng vic (chc nng ) sau: 1. Hc a ch MAC ca cc thit b trong mng 2. Chuyn tip gi tin 3. Trnh lp

Hc a ch MAC
Switch lun ghi nh a ch MAC ngun trong Frame v s hiu cng m n nhn c Frame N ghi li gi tr ca a ch MAC v s hiu cng vo trong mt bng c s d liu (bng MAC)

M t qa trnh hc a ch MAC
1. My A gi Frame n my B. a ch MAC ca my A l 0000.8c01.000A. a ch MAC ca my B l 0000.8c01.000B 2. Switch nhn c Frame trn cng E0/0 v ghi li a ch MAC ngun( MAC ca my A) vo bng a ch MAC 3. 3 V a ch MAC ch khng c t h h kh trong b MAC nn F bng Frame c chuyn tip h ti ra tt c cc cng ngoi tr cng m Frame n (cng E0/0) 4. My B nhn c Frame v tr li my A. Switch s nhn Frame ny trn cng E0/1 v ghi li a ch MAC ngun (MAC ca my B) vo bng MAC 5. T lc ny tr i, my A v my B c th trao i thng tin m khng nh hng n cc my C v D

Chuyn tip gi tin

Khi Switch nhn c mt Frame, n s c a ch MAC ch trong Frame Tm kim s hiu cng tng ng vi a ch MAC ny trong bng MAC Nu tm thy,n s chuyn Frame ra cng tm c Nu khng, n s chuyn Frame ra tt c cc cng ngoi tr cng Frame n.

Chuyn tip gi tin(tip)

C 3 ch chuyn tip Frame: Cut-through(chuyn tip nhanh): Trong ch ny, Switch i n khi nhn c a ch ch ca Frame th mi tm kim a ch MAC ny trong bng MAC v sau chuyn tip gi tin. FragmentFree : l ch S it h ki tra 64 b t ca Frame trc khi F tF h Switch kim t bytes F t chuyn tip Store and forward: trong ch ny Switch s nhn ton b Frame, a vo b m, kim tra CRC. Nu Frame khng li th n s c chuyn tip n m CRC ch

Chuyn tip gi tin(tip)

u v nhc im ca tng loi :

u im Cut-through FragmentFree Store and forward Tr thp nht Tr thp , Kim tra va chm Kim tra li

Nhc im Khng kim tra li

Tr cao

Chuyn tip gi tin(tip)

Nu nhn t gc bng thng ca cng, c 2 phng php chuyn mch : Chuyn mch bt i xng(asymmetric ): l phng php chuyn mch c thc hin gia hai cng c bng thng khc nhau. c dng trong cc v tr c chuyn tip gia lu lng ngi dng v my ch nhm trnh hin tng tht c chai. chai Chuyn mch i xng(symmetric switch) l phng php chuyn mch c thc hin gia hai cng c cng bng thng. c dng mi trng chia s ngang hng. g g g

Chuyn tip gi tin(tip)

Chuyn tip gi tin(tip)

Trong qu trnh chuyn tip Frame s dng phng php Store and Forward, Switch cn thc hin lu tm thi (memory buffering) trc khi truyn i. C hai cch c s dng: Lu trong b nh cng (Port-base memory): Frame c lu trong hng i ca mt cng tng ng n s i ra Frame ch c gi i khi tt c cc ra. Frame trc n u c gi xong. Lu trong b nh chia s(Share memory buffering): ton b Frame s c lu trong mt b nh chung dnh cho ton b cc cng ca Switch. S g g g lng b nh cho mi cng c cp ng ty theo nhu cu. u im l Frame khng phi di chuyn t b nh hng i ny n b nh hng i khc. Tuy nhin, Switch phi ghi nh mt bng nh x gia Frame v cng ra.

Trnh Lp
Trong mi mng u c rt nhiu Switch kt ni vi nhau theo nhiu ng nhm mc ch d phng. iu dn n kh nng xy ra lp trong mng STP (Spanning Tree Protocol ) s g q y vn ny ( p g gii quyt y

Ni Dung :
Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch Mt S Khi Nim Kin trc- Thnh Phn Nguyn L Hot ng

Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco

Hng Dn Qun Tr Gii thiu v cc lnh thng thng trong Switch g g g

Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco

Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco

Cisco hin nay c rt nhiu dng Switch t series CE500 n Switch 6500 Cc Switch khc nhau tnh nng, hiu nng Vi mi i tng u c cc loi Switch thch hp C nhiu cch phn chia Switch Da vo cu hnh phn cng chia lm 2 loi Fixed-Configuration Switch: l Switch gm mt s cng c nh khng th m rng thm. N c mt b x l trung tm bn trong. VD dng CE 500, 29xx, 35 29 35xx Chasis-based Switch : l Switch ban u c cung cp 1 khung, sau c th a thm cc thnh phn khc ty theo nhu cu. VD nh Switch 4000/4500, 4000/4500 v 6000/6500 6000/6500..

u nhc im ca hai loi Switch

u im Nhc im

Fixed-Configuration g Switch

chi ph thp , d trin p p khai

Khng linh hot, kh g , m rng tnh nng, qun tr nhiu im

Chasis-based Switch Qun tr n gin, linh Chi ph cao hot, hiu nng cao

Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco

Da vo hot ng chia lm hai loi: Switch lp 2 Switch lp 3: Switch lp 3 c cc t h nng ca tnh Switch lp 2 v c cc tnh nng mi nh: h tr cc g giao thc nh tuyn, h y , tr Qos, bo mt

Ni Dung :
Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch Mt S Khi Nim Kin trc- Thnh Phn Nguyn L Hot ng Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco

Hng Dn Qun Tr
Gii thiu v cc lnh thng thng trong Switch g g g

Hng Dn Qun Tr
Switch c th qun tr theo 3 cch: 1. Qun tr Console: 2. Qun tr bng Telnet 3. Qun tr bng Web

Qun tr Console
Thc hin thng qua cng console hoc cng AUX trn Switch Thng dng khi to cu hnh ban u cho Switch nh cu hnh a ch IP, cu hnh Username v pass truy nhp

Yu cu: Cn mt my tnh c giao tip cng COM-DB9 Phn mm kt ni c th dng : Hyper Terminal ca Windows, Secure CRT Cp Console : Thng i lin vi thit b

Qun tr Console
Qun tr console khng ph thuc vo mi trng mng ca doanh nghip C th dng qua kt ni modem ( cng AUX) Khi phc password trong trng hp b mt password. Nhc im l phi kt ni trc tip n Switch. i khi vic ny gp kh khn.

Qun tr Console
Hng dn cch to kt ni qun tr Console: 1. M chng trnh Hyper terminal trong Start Programs Accessories Communication Hyper Terminal 2. t tn ca phin lm vic

Qun tr Console
1. Chn cng COM s kt ni 2. Nhp cc thng s nh sau hoc l kch vo Restore default

Qun tr bng Telnet

Qun tr t xa bng giao thc telnet, linh hot hn qun tr Console Phng php ngy ch c th thc hin khi Switch c cu hnh a ch IP , m telnet v password. C th dng chng trnh Command line trong Windows, Hyper Terminal hoc S h Secure CRT CRT

Hng dn to kt ni cho qun tr telnet qua p q phn mm Secure CRT

M chng trnh Secure CRT: Start CRT Chn tao kt ni Programs Secure CRT Secure

Hng dn to kt ni cho qun tr telnet qua p q phn mm Secure CRT

Chn giao thc Telnet Nhp a ch IP ca Switch cn qun tr

Qun tr bng Web

Qun tr bng giao din ha thng qua Web Browser Ch h tr mt s cha nng nht inh, khng linh hot Thng dng qun tr cc dng Switch cp thp nh CE 500 c th qun tr yu cu phi c trnh duyt Web nh : Internet Explore(IE) Cch truy nhp rt n gin bng cch nhp a ch IP ca thit b cn qun tr vo thanh a ch ca IE.

Gii thiu v cc lnh trong Switch

Switch c ba ch nh Router: 1. Ch user exec mode (user mode) 2. Ch privileged exec mode (privileged mode)

3. Ch global configuration mode Cc ch khc nhau cc quyn ngi qun tr c th thc hin

Cc ch lm vic ca Switch
Ch user exec mode (user mode) Sau khi khi ng xong Switch s vo ch ny. Th hin : Switch> Trong ch ny ngi qun tr ch c th xem cu hnh ca Switch bng mt s lnh Show khng th thay i cu hnh ca Switch T ch ny c th chuyn sang ch privileged mode bng lnh: Switch>enable Hoc logout bng lnh Switch>exit

Cc ch lm vic ca Switch
Ch privileged exec mode c th hin nh sau: Switch# Trong ch ny ngi qun tr ch c th xem cu hnh ca Switch bng tt c cc lnh Show khng th thay i cu hnh ca Switch Ngi qun tr c th thc hin cc lnh Troubleshoot, Save cu hnh trong mode ny nh debug, traceroute, copy . T ch ny ngi qun tr c th vo ch global configuration mode bng lnh Switch#configure terminal Hoc thot ra ch User mode bng lnh Switch#disable

Cc ch lm vic ca Switch
Ch global configuration mode th hin bng : Switch(config)# T ch ny ngi qun tr c th vo cc ch cu hnh cao hn nh: Switch(config)#interface f0/1 Switch(config-if)# T ch global configuration mode ngi qun tr c th thay i cu hnh ca Switch Thot ra bng lnh Switch(config)#exit Hoc Switch(config-if)# end

Tr gip trong khi cu hnh

Dng du ? Cho bit cc lnh c h tr mode ang ng Cho h Ch nhng gi v i cu lnh

Ni Dung :
Tng Quan V Cisco Catalyst Switch Mt S Khi Nim Kin trc- Thnh Phn Nguyn L Hot ng Gii Thiu V Mt S Loi Switch Ca Cisco Hng Dn Qun Tr

Gii thiu v cc lnh thng thng trong Switch g g g

Mt s lnh Show thng dng

Show versions Cho bit version ca IOS, loi Switch, thi gian up, dung lng b nh

Mt s lnh Show thng dng

Show running-config Cho bit ton b cu hnh ca Switch nh : a ch IP ca Switch, cc cng , g c cu hnh ra sao, cc Vlan, cc tham s khc

Mt s lnh Show thng dng

Show interface Cho bit thng tin trng thi ca cng, tc vo v ra

Mt s lnh Show thng dng

Show flash Cho bit cc file ang c lu trong flash (tn file, dung lng)

Mt s lnh Show thng dng

Show cdp neighbor Cho bit thit b no kt ni trc tip n n, qua cng no, loi thit b..

Mt s lnh Show thng dng

Show mac-address-table a ra ni dung ca bng MAC gm : a ch MAC, cng tng ng MAC ng

Mt s lnh c bn
Lu cu hnh Switch#write Xa cu hnh Switch SW3560PLab#erase startup-config SW3560PLab#delete flash:vlan.dat SW3560PLab#Reload System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: no Proceed with reload? [confirm]

Mt s lnh c bn
t tn cho Switch SW3560PLab(config)#hostname Switch_name t mt khu truy nhp mc Privilige mode SW3560PLab(config)# enable password Mat_Khau M ha mt khu SW3560PLab(config)# service password-encryption M phin telnet : SW3560PLab(config)#line vty 0 4 SW3560PLab(config-line)#password Mat_Khau SW3560PLab(config-line)#login SW3560PLab(config-line)#exit

Mt s lnh c bn
t mt khu cho phin console: SW3560PLab(config)#line console 0 SW3560PLab(config-line)#password Mat_Khau SW3560PLab(config-line)#login SW3560PLab(config-line)#exit Miu t cng: SW3560PLab(config)#interface FastEthernet 0/3 SW3560PLab(config-if)#description Noi_den_PC_NguyenVanA SW3560PLab(config-if)#exit Thit lp thi gian: SW3560PLab#clock set 17:11:00 17 july 2009 SW3560PLab#config t SW3560PLab(config)#clock timezone VietNam 7

Kt Thc Phn 1

Phn 2 Cu Hnh VLAN Trong Cisco Catalyst Switch y

Ni dung: Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs) Cch Qun L Cng VLAN Cu hnh C h h VLAN Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) Mt S Loi VLAN

Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs)

Trc khi c VLAN mng thng c thit k phng. iu ny lm ny sinh cc vn sau: Hiu nng mng gim: chm, nghn mng mng Vn bo mt Qun l v h tr

1. 2. 3. 4.

Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs)

VLAN l mt nhm logic cc thit b mng khng b gii hn v mt vt l.

Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs)

Thc cht Vlans l vic chia nh mng LAN thnh cc ring da trn chc nng, phng ban hoc nhm d n m khng quan tm n v tr vt l ca ngi dng hay v tr ca kt ni trong mng Nhng my trm v my ch mng. c s dng bi mt nhm no s chia s cng VLAN Cc my trm trong cng mt VLAN s chia s bng thng vi nhau

Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs)

Vic cu hnh hoc cu hnh li VLAN c lm thng qua phn mm. Do , cu hnh VLAN khng yu cu cc thit b mng di chuyn v mt vt l Ngi dng trong mt VLAN b gii hn quyn thng tin n file server l nh nhau. VLAN chia mng thnh nhiu Broadcast domain gi tin ch c th c chuyn tip gia cc cng cng thuc mt VLAN. VLAN

Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs)

Broad cast domain trc v sau khi c VLAN

Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Li ch ca VLAN: D dng di chuyn mt my trm trong mt mng LAN D dng thm mt my trm trong mt mng LAN D dng thay i cu hnh ca mng LAN D dng iu khin lu lng mng Ci thin tnh bo mt v an ton

Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs)

Gim tr trong mng Gim tnh phc tp ca mng p p g

Mng dng Router nh tuyn

Mng dng Switch cu hnh VLAN

Ni dung:
Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs) )

Cch Qun L Cng VLAN

Cu hnh VLAN Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) Mt S Loi VLAN

Cch qun l cng trong VLAN

C ba cch cu hnh VLAN trn Switch: 1. Port-based VLANs : da trn cng (VLAN tnh) 2. MAC address based VLANs : da trn a ch MAC(VLAN ng) 3. Protocol-based VLANs : da trn giao thc (VLAN ng)

Cch qun l cng trong VLAN

Cch qun l cng trong VLAN

Port-based VLANs c gi l loi VLAN tnh v khi ngi dng chuyn sang cng khc ca Switch, ngi qun tr phi cu hnh li bng tay MAC address based VLANs v Protocol-based VLANs c gi l VLAN ng v khi ngi dng thay i v tr, Switch s t ng nhn ra v ghi li.

Cch qun l cng trong VLAN

VLAN ng cn c 1 Server (VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS)) c ci phn mm CiscoWork lu tr cc thng tin v VLAN. Khi mt my c gn vo mng, Switch s hi Server a ra quyt nh thit b thuc VLAN no.

Ni dung:
Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs) ) Cch Qun L Cng VLAN

Cu hnh VLAN
Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) Mt S Loi VLAN

Cu hnh VLAN
Cu hnh VLAN tnh: Bc 1: To VLAN Truy nhp vo privileged mode Switch#config terminal Switch(config)#vlan vlan_number Switch(config-vlan)#name Vlan_name Switch(config-vlan)#exit Vlan_number Vlan_name Vl Ch s ca VLAN, gi tr hp l t 1-1005 Tn i T miu t gi nh ca Vlan (VD nh i h Vl h Phong_Mang)

Ch : thng tin v VLAN s c lu trong file VLAN.dat trong Flash

Cu hnh VLAN
Bc 2: gn cng vo VLAN to Switch#config terminal Switch(config)#interface fastethernet slot/port_number Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan vlan_number Switch(config-if)# exit Trong Slot/port_number l ch s ca cng. VD 0/1, 0/12 C th gn ng thi nhiu cng vo 1 Vlan bng lnh sau: Switch(config-if-range)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1 9 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan vlan_number Switch(config-if)# exit

Cu hnh VLAN
Kim tra VLAN bng lnh : Show vlan hoc Show run

Cu hnh VLAN
Cho bit c nhng Vlan no Cho bit cng no thuc Vlan no Trng thi ca mi Vlan

Ch : Vlan s cha c trng thi Active khi cha c cng no c gn vo n Vlan 1 l Vlan mc nh Ngm nh cc cng ca Switch u thuc Vlan1

Cu hnh VLAN
Xa VLAN Truy nhp vo privileged mode Switch#config terminal Switch(config)# no vlan vlan_number Switch(config)#exit

Ch : Cc cng thuc Vlan b xa s vn thuc Vlan cho n khi chng c gn sang Vlan mi

Cu hnh VLAN
Cu hnh Vlan ng (Dynamic Vlan)
cu hnh Vlan ng cn c VMPS ( VLAN Membership Policy Server) Server). VMPS thng l Switch. Cng ca Switch c gn ng vo Vlan da trn a ch Mac hoc UserID ca thit b kt ni n cng . g Khi my ca ngi dng di chuyn sang cng khc trong mng, Switch s t ng gn cng ny vo Vlan tng ng vi ngi dng . Khi VMPS c kch hot n s ti mt bng d liu lin h gia a ch Mac v Vlan t TFTP v VMPS. VMPS s bt u x l cc yu cu ca my trm cp pht Vlan.

Cu hnh VLAN
Cu hnh Vlan ng (Dynamic Vlan)
Cu hnh VMPS client: Switch#configure terminal Switch(config)#vmps server ipaddress primary p p y Switch(config)#vmps server ipaddress Switch(config)#interface interface i t f Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan dynamic

Cu hnh VLAN
Cu hnh Vlan ng (Dynamic Vlan)
VMPS database c to di dng file ASCII v lu trn mt TFTP server.

Cu hnh VLAN
Trunk links v Access links

Cu hnh VLAN
Access links- cng truy nhp
Mt cng trn Switch s hot ng trong ch cng truy nhp(Access link) hoc cng trunk( trunk link). Trong ch cng truy nhp, cng ch thuc mt Vlan. Tt c cc my tnh cm vo cng ny u thuc Vlan . Frame c gi trn cng truy nhp s tun theo chun nh dng khung ethernet (802.3) Thng dng khi cng c kt ni n my tram

Cu hnh VLAN
Trunk links- cng trung k
Trunk links cho php frame ca nhiu Vlan c th truyn trn Trunk links thng c dng ni gia cc Switch hoc Switch vi Router. Chnh v vy trunk links thng l cng c bng thng ln. Cc Vlan c ghp knh qua trunk links. ghp knh lu lng ca cc Vlan, mt giao th bit s Vl t i thc c c s d dng gi f ng i frame thit b nhn c th xc nh c n thuc vlan no. Chun Frame c s dng trn l 802.1q hoc ISL Nh trunk links m 1 Vlan c th c m rng ra ton mng

Cu hnh VLAN
Trunk links- cng trung k
Ch cn mt ng vt l cho c 2 Vlan gia hai Switch

Cu hnh VLAN
Giao thc c s dng trong trunk links
Hai giao thc c s dng ph bin l 802.1q v ISL (inter-Switch link) Gip xc nh frame c gi trn cng trunk thuc Vlan no

Cu hnh VLAN
Giao thc ISL
ISL l mt giao thc ng gi trunk gia cc Switch ca Cisco Cisco. ISL thm mt on header 26 byte v 4 byte CRC vo Frame thng thng. ISL h tr trn Switch v Router ca Cisco.

Cu hnh VLAN
Giao thc ISL
ISL s thm cc thng tin ph vo header trc khi gi ra cng trunk VLANID l trng dng xc nh xem gi tin thuc Vlan no.

Cu hnh VLAN
Giao thc 802.1q
Giao thc 802.1q l giao thc chun chung tng thch vi nhiu hng Chn thm 4 bytes vo Frame 802.3 Gm protocol identifier (TPID) and tag control information (TCI) TCI c 12 bt VLAN ID

Cu hnh VLAN
Giao thc 802.1q
VLANID l trng dng xc nh xem gi tin thuc Vlan no.

Cu hnh VLAN
Cu hnh Access links
Switch#config terminal S tc (co Switch(config)#interface fastethernet slot/port number g)# te ace astet e et s ot/po t_ u be Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access

Slot/port_number l cng cn cu hnh

Cu hnh VLAN
Cu hnh Trunk links
Switch#config terminal S tc (co Switch(config)#interface fastethernet slot/port number g)# te ace astet e et s ot/po t_ u be Switch(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation [dot1q | isl] Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

Slot/port_number l cng cn cu hnh La h L chn mt trong hai giao th trunk: 802.1q (d t1 ) h ISL t t h i i thc t k 802 1 (dot1q) hoc ISL.

Cu hnh VLAN
Cu hnh Trunk links
Switch#config terminal S tc (co Switch(config)#interface fastethernet slot/port number g)# te ace astet e et s ot/po t_ u be Switch(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation [dot1q | isl] Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

Slot/port_number l cng cn cu hnh La h L chn mt trong hai giao th trunk: 802.1q (d t1 ) h ISL t t h i i thc t k 802 1 (dot1q) hoc ISL.

Cu hnh VLAN
Cu hnh cho php Vlan trong Trunk links
Ngm nh Frame ca tt c cc Vlan u c gi qua Trunk links. iu ny s gy ra broadcast lu lng khng cn thit. Bng thng v thi gian x l ca Switch s b lng ph nu n khng c mt cng no thuc Vlan . Cu hnh nh sau: Switch(config)#interface fastethernet slot/port_number Switch(config if)#switchport Switch(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation [dot1q | isl] Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed [vlan remove] vlanlist Trong vlan-list l dnh sch cc vlan c cho php

Ni dung:
Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs) ) Cch Qun L Cng VLAN Cu hnh VLAN

Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP)

Mt S Loi VLAN

Giao thc to kt ni Trunk ngngDynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) y g ( )

Trunk thng c dng ni hai Switch vi nhau hoc Switch vi Router. gip cho vic cu h h cng Trunk, Cisco i h i hnh T k Ci a ra giao th DTP cho i thc h php cng Switch t ng c thit lp ch thch hp.

Giao thc to kt ni Trunk ngngDynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) y g ( )

Cc ch hat ng ca DTP Kt qu ca cc ch DTP trn hai Switch nh sau:

Giao thc to kt ni Trunk ngngDynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) y g ( )

Cu hnh DTP

Ni dung:
Gii thiu v VLAN ( Virtual LANs) ) Cch Qun L Cng VLAN Cu hnh VLAN Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP)

Mt S Loi VLAN

Mt s loi VLAN
Native Vlan - Vlan gc
Trong ng trunk, tt c cc Frame u c tag ch ra n thuc Vlan no. i khi cn c F Frame ca mt Vlan kh t Vl khng c t tag. Native Vlan l vlan m Frame ca Vlan s khng c tag trc khi gi ra ng Trunk. Ngm nh Native Vlan ca Switch l Vlan 1 1.

Mt s loi VLAN
Cu hnh Native Vlan
Cu hnh Native Vlan nh sau: Switch#config terminal Switch(config)#interface fastethernet slot/port_number Switch(config-if)#switchport Switch(config if)#switchport trunk native vlan vlan id vlan-id Trong vlan-id l ch s ca Vlan native

Mt s loi VLAN
Management VLAN - Vlan Qun Tr
Cc Switch trong mng cn phi c qun tr t Vlan qun tr l vlan cha lu lng qun tr Cu hnh a h C h h ch IP cho Switch nh sau: h S it h h Switch#config terminal Switch(config)#interface Vlan Vlan_ID Switch(config-if)# i address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx subnet mask i h( fi if)# ip dd b k Switch(config-if)#end a ch ny s c s dng qun tr Switch t xa (qua telnet) xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx l i ch IP ca Vlan. VD : 10.15.80.1 VD subnet_mask l 255.255.255.0

Mt s loi VLAN
Voice VLAN Vlan thoi
Voice Vlan l vlan dnh cho lu lng thoi Cu hnh : Switch#config terminal Switch(config)#interface fastethernet slot/port number slot/port_number Switch(config-if)#switchport voice vlan voice_vlan_ID

Kt Thc Phn 2

Phn 3 VLAN TrunkingProtocol (VTP) VTP)

Ni dung Gii thiu VPT Hot ng ca VTP Cu hnh C h h VTP

Gii thiu VTP

Trong mt mng ln c rt nhiu Switch. Vic to, xa cc Vlan sao cho cc Switch ng b vi nhau s gp kh khn. VTP l giao thc ca Cisco gip cho vic duy tr cu hnh Vlan nht qun gia ton b Switch trong mng

Ni dung
Gii thiu VPT

Hot ng ca VTP
Cu hnh VTP

Hot ng ca VTP
Mi Switch chy giao thc VTP u phi l thnh vin ca mt VTP domain. yg Thng tin v Vlan s c ng b trong mt VTP domain Khi truyn i bn tin VTP ti Switch khc trong mng, bn tin VTP c ng gi trong Frame theo chun 802.1q hoc ISL. Cc thng tin sau s tm thy trong b tin VTP: Phin bn VTP protocol version Loi bn tin- VTP messages type di tn VTP domain- Management domain name length Tn domain- Management domain name

1. 2. 3. 4.

Hot ng ca VTP
Trong giao thc VTP, VTP Revision Number c s dng kim sot vic cp nht cu hnh Vlan trong mng 1 VTP domain c th hot ng cn c cc iu kin sau: Mi Switch trong mt domain phi c cng tn VTP domain Cc Switch phi kt ni lin tc vi nhau ng Trunk gia cc Switch phi c cu hnh

Hot ng ca VTP
Switch c th hot ng mt trong ba ch VTP sau : g g Ch ch (VTP server): Trong ch ny, Switch c th gi cu hnh Vlan n cc Switch khc trong mng v cp nht cu hnh Vlan t nhng Switch khc ( ch VTP server). Khi mt thay i v cu hnh ca Vlan din ra, n lp tc i bn th bo Switch khc thng l t gi cc b thng b n cc S it h kh th qua T k ng Trunk. Ngm nh Switch ch VTP server Ch khch (VTP client): ch ny Switch ch duy tr cu hnh ca Vlan. N thc hin cp nht cu hnh Vlan t cc bn tin VTP nhn c. Tuy c nhin, n khng th to v thay i cu hnh Vlan. Ch trong sut (VTP Transparent): Switch ch ny khng tham gia vo VTP. N khng cp nht cu hnh Vlan t cc bn tin VTP nhn c. g p Tuy nhin khc vi VTP client n c th to v thay i cu hnh Vlan. Nhng cc thng tin ny li khng c gi i. VTP Transparent vn chuyn chuyn tip cc gi tin VTP m n nhn c ra cc cng trunk.

Hot ng ca VTP

Bng so snh:

Ni dung
Gii thiu VPT Hot ng ca VTP

Cu hnh VTP

Cu hnh VTP
a Switch vo mt VTP domain ang hot ng
V ngm nh khi VTP c kch hot Switch s hot ng ch VTP server, c th dn n vic cp nht sai, nn thm mt Switch vo mt VTP domain ang hot ng cng thc hin theo cc bc sau: Xa cu hnh ca Switch, xa file vlan.dat Khi ng li Switch Nu hot ng ch VTP server th phi t gi tr Revision number bng 0 t mt khu cho domain

Cu hnh VTP
Cc bc cu hnh VTP nh sau: Xc nh Version ca VTP s c s dng Xc nh xem Switch s l thnh vin ca mt VTP domain mi hay mt VTP domain ang hot ng Chn ch VTP cho switch V d: Switch#config terminal Switch(config)#vtp version 2 i ( i )# i Switch(config)#vtp mode server Switch(config)#vtp domain cisco Switch(config)#vtp password mypassword ( g)# p p yp Switch(config)#end

1. 2. 3. 4.

Cu hnh VTP
Kim tra cu hnh VTP trn Switch
Dng lnh show vtp status

Cu hnh VTP
VTP prunning
Ngm nh Switch s gi broadcast cc gi tin m n khng c thng tin trong bng MAC ra ton mng. iu ny lm tng lu lng khng cn thit. VTP prunning s lm tng hiu qu s dng bng thng bng vic lm gim cc lu lng khng cn thit nh : broadcast, multicast, unknown, flooded uicast. Ngm nh VTP Prunning b Disable .

Cu hnh VTP
Cu hnh VTP prunning

Cu hnh VTP
Kim tra VTP prunning

Kt Thc Phn 3

Phn 4 STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Ni dung Vn d phng Gii thiu STP Cc tham s v h t ng ca STP C th hot Cu hnh STP Kim tra cu hnh Etherchannel

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Vai tr ca d phng
Trong mt mng cn c nhiu ng i khc nhau n cng mt ch gim kh nng mt dch v mng khi mt kt ni gp s c.

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Cc vn ca d phng
Broadcast Storms Lp gi tin Storms-Lp Frame khng c trng time-to-live (TTL) nh packet lp 3

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Cc vn ca d phng
Multiple frame transmissions Truyn nhiu frame ging nhau

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Cc vn ca d phng
Bng MAC khng n nh

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Cc vn ca d phng
Kt lun: Lm tng lu lng mng khng cn thit Lng ph bng thng V phi cp nht bng MAC nn s lm gim hiu nng lm vic ca Switch (tng CPU)

Ni dung
Vn d phng p g

Gii thiu STP

Cc tham s ca STP Cu hnh STP Kim tra cu hnh Etherchannel

Gii thiu STP

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) l mt giao thc lp 2 s dng mt gii thut pht hin ra vn lp trong mng. STP s to mt s cu trc dng cy gm c l v nhnh bao ph ton mng. Gii thut STP c nh ngha trong chun IEEE 802.1D. STP da trn mt tp cc tham s hot ng. C ba tham s quan trng nh sau: Bridge ID(BID), Path Cost, Port ID.

Ni dung
Vn d phng p g Gii thiu STP

Cc tham s v hot ng ca STP

Cu hnh STP Kim tra cu hnh Etherchannel

Cc tham s ca STP
Bridge ID(BID) :c s dng xc nh Switch trung tm ca mng (gi l RootBridge) c to thnh t 2 thnh phn: Bridge Priority(2 bytes) v a ch MAC(6 bytes) Bridge Priority c gn bi ngi qun tr. Ngm nh l 32768 B id P i it i t N h BID cng thp th cng c u tin

Cc tham s ca STP
Path cost l tham s xc nh ng i n RootBridge. Path cost l tng path cost ca cc linhk gia hai Switch. Path cost c s dng bi Switch xc nh ng i tt nht ti Switch trung tm. Gi tr ca Path cost cng nh th ng cng tt.

Cc tham s ca STP
Port ID cng c dng xc nh ng i n Switch trung tm. N gm 2 phn Port Priority (6 bits): do ngi quan tr cu hnh. Ngm inh l 128 Port Number (10 bits)l s nh danh cng ca Switch. Port ID cng thp th cng c u tin hn.

Hot ng ca STP
Hot ng ca giao thc STP din ra theo ba bc nh sau: B1:La chn RootBridge (Switch trung tm) B2: La chn PortRoot B3: La chn Designated Ports

Hot ng ca STP
Qu trnh la chn RootBridge
Ban u cc Switch gi cho nhau cc bn tin STP(BPDU) trong c cha BID Switch s tm ra BID nh nht trong mng lm RootBridge. Nu ngi qun tr mun ch nh mt Switch l RootBridge th ch cn cu hnh Bridge Priority ca Switch l nh nht trong mng.

Hot ng ca STP
Qu trnh la chn Root port
Root port ca Switch l cng gn Root Bridge v mt ng i (cost). Tt c cc Switch khng phi l Root Bridge u phi la chn Root port. Switch s dng Path cost quyt nh mt cng c phi l Root port hay khng. Port P th P t c Path cost R tB id l nh nht s t n RootBridge h ht c chn l R t port. h Root t

Hot ng ca STP
Qu trnh la chn Designated port
Mi on mng (segment) s c mt Designated port. Mt Designated port l cng m t gi v nhn lu lng t Root Brigde. Designated port c la chn da trn Path cost ca n ti Root Brigde.

Hot ng ca STP
Trng thi ca STP
Trong qu trnh chy STP, Switch tri qua 5 trng thi sau:

Trng thi
Forwading Learning Listening Blocking Disabled

Mc ch
Gi v nhn d liu Xy dng cy STP Xy dng cy STP Ch nhn BPDU Tt cng

Hot ng ca STP
Trng thi Blocking
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Trong trng thi Blocking s thc hin nhng cng vic sau: Hy b cc frame nhn c Khng c bng MAC Nhn cc BPDU Khng gi BPDU nhn c Nhn v tr li nhng bn tin qun tr mng

Hot ng ca STP
Trng thi Listening
1. 2. 3. 4. Cng trong trng thi Listening s thc hin nhng vic sau: Hy b cc frame nhn c v cc Frame t khc cng khc chuyn n Khng c bng MAC Nhn v x l cc BPDU Nhn v tr li nhng bn tin qun tr mng

Hot ng ca STP
Trng thi Learning
1. 2. 3. 4. Mt cng trong trng thi Learning s thc hin cc vic sau: Hy b cc frame nhn c v cc Frame t khc cng khc chuyn n Xy dng bng a ch MAC Nhn, gi v x l cc BPDU Nhn v tr li nhng bn tin qun tr mng

Hot ng ca STP
Trng thi Forwarding
1. 2. 3. 4. Mt cng trong trng thi Forwarding s thc hin cc vic sau: Chuyn tip cc frame nhn c t mng v t cc cng khc chuyn n Xy dng bng a ch MAC Nhn BPDU v x l BPDU Nhn v tr li nhng bn tin qun tr mng

Hot ng ca STP
Chuyn i trng thi trong qu trnh hot ng
Trng chun 1.Cng c enable hoc khi ng 2.Port 2 Port b tt hoc li 3.Port c la chn nh Root hoc Designated port 4.Cng khng l Root hoc Designated port 5.Ht thi gian chuyn tip S kin 6.Portfast

7.Uplink 7 Uplink

Hot ng ca STP
Trng thi Forwarding
1. 2. 3. 4. Mt cng trong trng thi Forwarding s thc hin cc vic sau: Chuyn tip cc frame nhn c t mng v t cc cng khc chuyn n Xy dng bng a ch MAC Nhn BPDU v x l BPDU Nhn v tr li nhng bn tin qun tr mng

Hot ng ca STP
Ti u ha STP bng PortFast
Thng thng khi mt cng ca Switch c ni n mt thit b mng n s vo ch Li t i h Listening. N l l t chuyn qua cc t ln lt h trng thi khc nhau. kh h Tr chuyn t trng thi Listening sang trng thi Forwarding l 30s. Nu mt my tnh khi ng nhanh hn 30 giy v c cu hnh DHCP s khng nhn c a ch IP ngay. ngay Spanning Tree PortFast l mt tnh nng ca Switch cho php mt cng ngay lp tc chuyn sang trng thi Forwarding sau khi n c enable. Portfast thng uc cu hnh trn Switch lp Access

Hot ng ca STP
Ti u ha STP bng UplinkFast
STP hi t phi mt mt khong thi gian. Trong qu trnh STP hi t, mt vi thit b c th khng t i kh truy nhp c. h STP UplinkFast s nhanh chng chn ra Root port mi khi mt mt kt ni hay Switch trong mng gp s c. Mt Root Port s chuyn ngay thnh trng thi Forwarding m khng phi tri qua trng thi Listening v Learning. Thng c cu hnh nhng Switch c nhiu kt ni n Switch khc

Hot ng ca STP
Ti u ha STP bng BackboneFast
Cho php Switch chuyn cc cng trng thi Blocking sang Listening ngay lp tc l t khi nhn c mt BPDU I f i ( mt loi gi ti ca STP) h t Inferior t l i i tin Bn tin BPDU c gi i bi mt Switch khi kt ni trc tip ca n gp s c.

Ni dung
Vn d phng p g Gii thiu STP Cc tham s v hot ng ca STP

Cu hnh STP
Kim tra cu hnh Etherchannel

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Cu hnh STP
STP xy dng cy theo tng Vlan kch hot STP trong 1 Vlan dng lnh sau: Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan vlan-id Vlan-id l ch s ca Vlan

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Cu hnh cc tham s ca STP
Cu hnh mt Switch tr thnh Root Bridge dng lnh sau: Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan vlan-id root primary Vlan-id l ch s ca Vlan Cu hnh mt Priority cho cng trn Switch dng lnh sau: Switch(config)#interface interface-id Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree port-priority priority ! Dng trong cng Access Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree vlan vlan-id port-priority priority ! Dng trong cng Trunk Switch(config-if)#end

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Cu hnh cc tham s ca STP
Cu hnh cost cho cng trn Switch dng lnh sau: Switch(config)#interface interface-id Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree cost cost ! Dng trong cng Access Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree vlan vlan-id cost cost ! Dng trong cng Trunk Switch(config-if)#end Cu hnh u tin cho Switch Switch(config)#interface interface-id Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree vlan vlan-id priority priority Switch(config-if)#end

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Cu hnh cc tham s ca STP
Cu hnh STP PortFast: Switch(config)#interface interface-id Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree portfast Switch(config-if)#end Cu hnh SPT UplinkFast: Switch(config)#spanning-tree uplinkfast [max-update-rate pkts-per-second] Switch(config)#end Cu hnh SPT BackboneFast: Switch(config)#spanning-tree backbonefast Switch(config)#end

Ni dung
Vn d phng p g Gii thiu STP Cc tham s v hot ng ca STP Cu hnh STP

Kim tra cu hnh

Etherchannel

STP Spanning Tree Protocol

Kim tra cu hnh STP
Kim tra cu hnh STP trn Switch dng lnh sau: show spanning-tree show spanning-tree vlan vlan-id bridge show spanning-tree vlan vlan-id

Ni dung
Vn d phng p g Gii thiu STP Cc tham s v hot ng ca STP Cu hnh STP Kim tra cu hnh

Etherchannel

EtherChannel
EtherChannel l cng ngh ca Cisco ghp nhiu kt ni vt l thnh mt kt ni logic nhm tng tc . EtherChannel cho php ghp l ti 8 l vt l. Vi kt ni Gi bit/ cho Eth Ch l h h h ln lun t l i Gigabit/s h tc ti a l 160Gb/s. EtherChannel cung cp kh nng d phng v tng tc gia cc Switch , Router v Server

EtherChannel
Cu hnh EtherChannel: Switch(config)#interface interface-id Switch(config-if)#channel-group channel-group-number mode disirable !Cu hnh lnh ny trong tt c cc cng mun nhm li !Channel-group-number phi ging nhau Switch(config-if)#end

EtherChannel
Kim tra cu hnh EtherChannel: show etherchannel [channel-group-number] {brief | detail | load-balance| port | port-channel | summary}

Kt Thc Phn 4

Phn 5 InterInter-Vlan Routing

Ni dung Gii thiu v Routing K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Cc lnh kim tra C l h ki t

InterInter-Vlan Routing
Gii thiu v Routing Routing (nh tuyn) l cch chuyn mt gi tin t mt mng ny n mt mng khc . nh tuyn c thc hin bi Router thc hin nh tuyn Router cn c : Thng tin v mng ch : Routing Protocol Chuyn gi tin ti ch: Routed protocol

Ni dung
Gii thiu v Routing g

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing InterCc lnh kim tra

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Inter cung cp Routing gia cc Vlan, cn c cc thnh phn sau: Switch c kh nng cu hnh Vlan, 1 Router( thit b hot ng lp 3), v kt ni gia hai thit b. C ba cch nh tuyn gia cc Vlan: 1. 1 Mi Vl s Vlan c kt ni R t bng mt kt ni vt l i n Router b t i t 2. Dng mt kt ni o v nhiu kt ni logic n Router 3. Dng Switch Lp 3

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing InterCch 1:Mi Vlan s c kt ni n Router bng mt kt ni vt l

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Inter(Mi Vlan s c kt ni n Router bng mt kt ni vt l)

Cu hnh trn Router :

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing InterMi Vlan s c kt ni n Router bng mt kt ni vt l

c im: S dng Router bn nh tuyn. Mi Vl yu cu mt cng trn Router v S it h . N t chi ph phn Vlan t t R t Switch Nn tng hi h h cng. Thch hp vi nhng mng c t Vlan. Bng thng cho mi Vlan l ln nht v c dnh ring mt ng vt l. l Ti trn Switch c chia s sang cho Router. Cu hnh n gin, d qun tr.

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing InterCch 2:Dng mt kt ni o v nhiu kt ni logic n Router

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Inter(Dng mt kt ni o v nhiu kt ni logic n Router)

Cu hnh trn Router:

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Inter(Dng mt kt ni o v nhiu kt ni logic n Router)

Cu hnh trn Switch:

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Inter(Dng mt kt ni o v nhiu kt ni logic n Router)

c im: M hnh ny cn c tn l Router-on-a-stick. Cch ny dng external route processor Cn cu hnh Trunk gia Switch v Router. Mt cng c chia thnh nhiu Interface o (subinterface). Router khng cn c nhiu cng vt l, gim chi ph. Gim s cng trn Switch dng kt ni n Router. M rng d dng. Bng thng b gii hn v nhiu Vlan cng chy trn mt kt ni. Tng ti cho Router v phi x l trunking . Khng phi switch no cng h tr trunking(mt s switch c).

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing InterCch 3:Dng Switch lp 3

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Inter(Dng Switch lp 3)

Cu hnh B1: Cho php Routing Switch(config)#ip routing B2: Cu hnh interface o trn mi Vlan: Switch(config)#interface vlan vlan-id Switch(config-if)#ip address Ipaddress Subnet_mask Switch(config-if)#no shutdown B3: Cu hnh Route port kt ni n Router: Switch(config)#interface port_number Switch(config-if)#no switchport Switch(config-if)#ip address Ip address subnet mask

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Inter(Dng Switch lp 3) Cu hnh B4:Cu hnh a h trn B4 C h h ch t cng ca R t Router: Router(config)#interface port_number Router (config-if)#ip address Ip_address subnet_mask Router (config-if)#no shut (config if)#no

K thut Inter-Vlan Routing Inter(Dng Switch lp 3)

c im: Dng Internal route switch processor trong Switch nh tuyn. Do cung cp nhiu bng thng gia cc Vlan hn cng vt l. Yu cu Switch phi h tr Routing Cn t cng ni n Router M rng d dng Chi ph cao v dng Switch layer 3

Ni dung
Gii thiu v Routing g K thut Inter-Vlan Routing

Cc lnh kim tra

Cc lnh kim tra

Kim tra cu hnh Inter-vlan routing bng lnh: Switch#show ip interface brief

Cc lnh kim tra

Kim tra cu hnh Inter-vlan routing bng lnh: Switch#show ip route

Kt Thc Phn 5

Phn 6 Thit k mng LAN

Ni dung Gii thiu Phng php thit k mng LAN M h h thit k phn cp ca Cisco hnh h Ci

Gii thiu
t c bng thng v hiu nng mng ln nht, khi thit k mng Lan cn phi quan tm n cc vn sau: Chc nng v v tr ca server Vn Collision Domain Vn phn chia on mng Vn Broadcast Domain

Ni dung
Gii thiu

Phng php thit k mng LAN

M hnh thit k phn cp ca Cisco

Phng php thit k mng LAN

mng LAN c th pht huy hiu qu trong vic phc v ngi dng th vic thit k phi da trn mt k hoch gm mt chui cc bc c h thng. Cc bc thc hin nh sau: Thu thp yu cu v mong mun ca ngi dng Phn tch thu thp Ph t h yu cu th th c Thit k s mng theo cu trc phn lp Ti liu ha ton b mng c trin khai (v kt ni vt l v logc)

1. 2. 2 3. 4.

Phng php thit k mng LAN

Thu thp yu cu v mong mun ca ngi dng
Thu thp thng tin bng nhng cu hi sau: Ai s s d dng mng ny? ? K nng ca ngi dng nh th no? Chnh sch pht trin ca cng ty? C d h v g quan trng hay kh ? dch t h khng? C ti nguyn chia s khng?

Phng php thit k mng LAN

Phn tch yu cu thu thp c
T nhng yu cu thu thp c nh gi tnh sn(Avaiability) sng ca mng qua nhng tham s : Thng lng(throughput) Thi gian p ng(Response time) Truy nhp ti nguyn(Access to resoures) Nhng dch v thi gian thc (voice, video)cn c m bo nghim ngt v cht lng mng Mng phi t sn sng cao nht vi chi ph thp nht

Phng php thit k mng LAN

Thit k s mng theo cu trc phn lp
Quyt nh m hnh mng LAN ph hp vi yu cu ngi dng (hnh sao hoc sao m rng) C th phn theo cc lp ca m hnh OSI : Lp Network, lp Data link, lp vt l.

Phng php thit k mng LAN

Ti liu ha ton b mng c trin khai
Ghi li ton b s mng thit k: v vt l v logic. Cc C s bao gm: b S LAN vt l S LAN logic S S phin u dy hi d Phn b a ch S VLAN

Ni dung
Gii thiu Phng php thit k mng LAN

M hnh thit k phn cp ca Cisco

M hnh thit k phn cp ca Cisco

S dng m hnh phn cp s gip cho vic qun tr v thay i khi t chc ngy cng pht trin Thit k c chia lm ba lp: trin. Lp truy nhp(Access Layer) Lp phn phi (Distribution Layer) Lp li (Core layer)

M hnh thit k phn cp ca Cisco

Lp Truy Nhp
Lp truy nhp l lp giao tip vi thit b u cui nh my tnh ngi dng, IP phone.. phone L phng tin kt ni cc thit ti mng Gm cc thit b nh: Switch lp 2, hub, bridge, Wireless access point.

M hnh thit k phn cp ca Cisco

Lp Phn Phi
Mc ch ca lp ny l cung cp to ra kt ni gia lp truy nhp v lp core. core Chc nng ca lp ny nh sau: Tng hp kt ni Xc nh r Broadcast domain nh tuyn gia cc Vlan Chuyn i phng tin truyn dn Bo mt Gm cc Switch c hiu nng cao

Thit k mng LAN

Switch dng trong lp phn phi:

M hnh thit k phn cp ca Cisco

Lp Li
Mc ch ca lp ny l cung cp mng trc tc cao Tng hp lu l T h l lng t lp phn phi l h hi Thng dng dng Switch cp cao nh Catalyst 6500 series, Catalyst 8500 series Yu cu sn sng cao

M hnh thit k phn cp ca Cisco

Li ch ca m hnh phn cp
Kh nng m rng d dng Kh nng d phng Bo tr d dng Qun tr n gin Ti u hiu nng Bo mt

Kt Thc Phn 6