Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Some examples:
Dependent clauses are in [brackets]. Independent clauses are in italics.
[After he graduates], Conrad wants to tour Mexico.
I recommend you buy the vehicle [that has the least impact on the
environment].
Youll never understand the experience of being homeless [unless you live
through it].
Q: If all clauses have subjects and verbs, what makes a clause dependent? A: Dependent clauses begin with dependent words like subordinating conjunctions (full list pg. 234) and relative pronouns (full list pg. 239).
For example: Although people are marrying later in life. Before he quit his job. Who work out regularly. That I wrote.
Here are the sample complex sentences again with the dependent words underlined. Which are subordinating conjunctions and which are relative pronouns?
[After
I recommend you buy the vehicle [that has the least impact
on the environment].
Youll never understand the experience of being homeless [unless
Decide which sentence is less important. Choose an appropriate subordinating conjunction to express the way the ideas in the two sentences are connected. Combine the sentences by putting the subordinating conjunction before the less important part of the new sentence and then deleting or changing any other words as necessary. Use a comma after the subordinate clause when it begins the combined sentence. In general, dont use a comma before the subordinate clause when it ends the sentence.
1. I aced my art history exam. I studied for three hours last night.
coworkers.
While the friends were in the restaurant, they gossiped about their coworkers.
information in the less important sentence to that in the other sentence. and the sentence still includes all necessary information. necessary part of the sentence.
and many holes. I have a picture of my mother wearing jeans that have frayed hems and many holes.
1. In the 1950s, jeans became popular with teenagers. The teenagers
thought that they were were cool. In the 1950s, jeans became popular with teenagers, who thought that they were cool.
endangered species.
We would not know which products were being discussed without the that clause.
The product claiming "all natural ingredients," which appeared in
that.
2. Always put a comma before dependent clauses starting with
which.
Translation:
Dont use commas before or after a dependent clause that is necessary to identify what it refers to, as in the following example:
The letter to the editor that Anita wrote was published in the local newspaper. In contrast, use commas when the dependent clause gives information that is not essential to the sentence: The letter, which is on the topic of school funding, is still in my backpack. The letter is still in my backpack, which is stuffed with books, binders, and notebooks.
Any Questions?