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ABSTRACT
The technological trend in the recent years has led to the emergence of complete
systems on a single chip with integrated low power communication and transducer
capabilities. This has opened the way for wireless sensor networks: a paradigm of
hundreds or even thousands of tiny, smart sensors with transducer and
communication capabilities. Manage such a complex network that has to work
unattended for months or years, being aware of the limited power resouces of
battery-supplied nodes is a challenging task. Attending that task requires an
adequate software platform, in other words an operating system specifically suited
for wireless sensor networks. This paper presents a brief overview of the most
known operating systems, highlighting the key challenges that have driven their
design.
TinyOS Mantis
Objectives Manage concurrent data flows Small learning curve
Scale easily with technology
Modularity
Structure Event-based approach Multithreaded OS,
Tiny scheduler and a set of components UNIX-style scheduler
No blocking or polling Statically-allocated thread table
Developed in nesC Developed in C
Special A byte code interpreter for non-expert Specific idle task that adjusts kernel
features programmers parameters to conserve energy
Remote debugging and reprogramming
Contiki PicOS
Objectives Preemptive multithreading support Aimed for microcontrollers with tiny RAM
Runtime loading and linking of libraries
Structure Lightweight event-driven kernel Each process thought as a FSM
Multithreading features as an optionally Multiplexing at state boundaries
linked library Written in C
Special Capable of changing communication layer on Memory allocator
features the run A set of configurable device drivers
MagnetOS EYES
Objectives Adaptability to resource and network changes Address problems of scarce memory and
Manage nodes with heterogeneous power supply
capabilities
Structure Single System Image, the entire network is a Event driven OS
unified Java virtual machine Structured in modules executed as responses
to external events
Each task runs to completion
Special Two on-line special algorithms to reduce Two layers of abstraction with specific API
features energy consumption for applications and physical support
Four-step procedure to update the code
Table 2: the seven expected features of the next generation WSN operating systems.
Power-aware policies
Self organization
Portability
Easy programming language for non-tech
users