NEWS

the URL address directly rather than use a search engine. BIOIS built on its report for the European Commission in 2008, which predicted that ICT could double its share of Europes greenhouse gas emissions from 2% in 2005 to 4% in 2020. The number of e-mails sent each day worldwide is expected to about double from 247 billion in 2009 to 507 billion in 2013. Protestors at Cairos Tahrir Square had been calling for his ouster as minister of antiquities for months. All the devils united against me, Hawass told ScienceInsider. Hawass The countrys most prominent gure in archaeology, Hawass was instrumental in sending large blockbuster exhibits abroad, creating new museums, and pressuring foreign excavators to publish their nds more quickly. But he was also criticized for his portrayal on American television of archaeology as treasure hunting, excoriated for his dictatorial management style, and accused of shoddy research. Egyptian critics say they are delighted by the departure of Hawass. Finally, we got rid of him, says Amany Taha, a Cairo tour guide active in the protests. But some foreign archaeologists say they will be sorry to lose Hawass. Now that he is gone, I beg you to remember all the good that Zahi did for Egypt and Egyptian antiquities in his term, says W. Raymond Johnson, an archaeologist at the University of Chicago in Illinois who works at Luxor. http://
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FINDINGS

New Virus Jumps From Monkeys to Lab Worker

Within weeks after a single titi monkey came down with pneumonia at the California National Primate Research Center in Davis, 19 monkeys were dead and three humans were sick. The Davis outbreak was the rst known case of an adenovirus jumping from monkeys to humans, according to a new report in PLoS Pathogens. A team led by infectious diseases researcher Charles Chiu of the University of California, San Francisco, analyzed lung tissue samples from the dead monkeys and identied a new adenovirus, which they named titi monkey adenovirus (TMAdV). Its unlikely that the virus originated in the titi monkeys themselves, Chiu says: Hosts that are that susceptible to a disease are not likely to be its originators. Humans were also not likely to be the source of the virus: Although a lab worker fell ill during that period and her blood showed >>

NEWSMAKERS

Three Qs
On 1 July, an ExxonMobil oil pipeline under the Yellowstone River in Montana burst, spilling oil into the river and onto its banks. Schweitzer Montana Governor Brian Schweitzer, a soil scientist, has criticized how ExxonMobil and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) responded to the disaster. Q: What made this spill particularly bad? If we take [ExxonMobils reported 40,000 gallons] at face value, its not that much [oil]. The problem is that the river was ooding at the time and a higher percentage of the oil went over the banks relative to what was in the river because it oats on the top.
CREDITS (TOP TO BOTTOM): BEN CURTIS/AP PHOTO; KATHY WEST; OFFICE OF GOVERNOR BRIAN SCHWEITZER; INDRANEIL DAS

Q: As a soil scientist yourself, what are you concerned about? Our concern is what that is doing to microbial activity, to insect hatch, and how that would relate to amphibians and reptiles. These lowland wetland areas, thats the health and wealth, biologically, of a river. Q: Youre crowdsourcing soil sampling to the people of Montana. Why? I was a little frustrated that 2 weeks after the spill, EPA hadnt drawn a single soil sample. We said to landowners, Perhaps you should draw some samples yourself. Private landowners have been bringing us samples. Well run those tests, sampling the depth that soil has been penetrated, the components left in the oil [after] some evaporates and some microbial activity breaks it down.

Lost Frog Found on Borneo

A few sightings and a black-and-white illustration dating to the early 20th century that was all scientists knew of the Bornean rainbow toad for 87 years. Then at the end of last year, researchers found three of the brightly colored amphibians high in trees along the rugged ridges that separate Malaysian and Indonesian Borneo. Also called the Sambas stream toad or Ansonia latidisca, the species is listed as endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species, and it may warrant protection under local conservation laws. The area in which the individuals were found is not currently protected. The discovery was announced by Conservation International, which had included the toad on its list of the worlds top 10 most wanted lost frogs. http://scim.ag/Borneofrog

Eqypts Antiquities Boss Is Sacked

After nearly a decade as chief of Egypts antiquities, Zahi Hawass is out of a job. The 64-year-old archaeologist was red 17 July by Prime Minister Essam Sharaf as part of a wider shakeup of his cabinet.

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NEWS OF THE WEEK

Random Sample BY THE NUMBERS 1 Number of circuits Neptune has completed around the sun since its discovery 165 years ago. NASA is marking the occasion with anniversary pictures from Hubble.

Antarctica and Electronica: Launching The Book of Ice

Because who wants to sit through another panel discussion, welcome to the next generation of book launch parties: Theyre in an industrial art space in New York City. Theres a D.J. (and hes also the author). Columbia University physicist Brian Greene, who wrote the books preface, may make an appearance. More than 100 local scientists and artists drink, gab, and carefully avoid a 2-meter-tall sculpture of a human ear. Paul D. Miller, aka DJ Spooky, That Subliminal Kid, launched The Book of Ice at the Eyebeam Art + Technology Center in New York on 13 July. Like the book itself, the evening combined music, graphic design, brief tutorials on climate science, and soupons of environmental advocacy. Live strings and electronic beats were sandwiched between short-but-stirring talks by Edward Morris of the Green Patriot Project, Bill McKibben of 350.org (who skyped in from Europe for the occasion), Anna Lapp of the Small Planet Institute, and Miller, whose charm saved the evening from what could have been a dangerously self-congratulatory mix of activism and hipsterism.

45% Percentage of gene expres-

Even the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency showed up: Phillip Ritz of the EPAs Region 2 was there. Ritz says he e-mailed Miller the next day to ask whether the author/D.J. would give a talk at EPAs New York ofces about the artistic expression of climate change. These parties are fun, Ritz saysbut, he adds, they also present unusual networking potential. Professionals from music, publishing, policy, science, and engineeringwe dont normally run into each other.

to tackling algal blooms would be very useful for other areas with green tides, says Jaanika Blomster, an expert on blooms at the University of Helsinki, in an e-mail. In the meantime, the blooms that have wreaked so much havoc in the Yellow Sea may carry hidden potential: Qin and colleagues are exploring putting the slime to good use by harvesting it and converting it into biofuel.

>>FINDINGS

http://scim.ag/virusjump

Oceanographic Eddies Helped Form China Blooms

In 2008, millions of tons of algae blanketed the Yellow Sea off the coast of Qingdao, China, threatening to foil sailing events at the summer Olympics. Using satellite images of the sea, researchers at the Chinese Academy

Workers remove algae along the coast of Qingdao in June 2008.

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the same antibodies as those in the infected monkeys, those antibodies didnt appear anywhere in a representative set of 81 blood samples from donors in the western United States. Instead, the virus might have originated in rhesus macaques. One healthy rhesus macaque at the primate center did have the TMAdV antibodies. Michael Imperiale, a microbiologist at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, says TMAdV isnt necessarily a public health threat. He likens the virus to avian inuenza, which humans can contract from birds but that is so poorly transmissible between people that it hasnt triggered an epidemic. The question isnt just whether the virus can jump, but also whether it can widely spread, he says. That hasnt been proven yet.

of Sciences Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology in Qingdao have helped explain why these blooms ourish. Their research, which appears in the 15 July issue of Environmental Science & Technology, is the rst to combine biological data from algae samples with meteorological and oceanographic analysis. Whether a bloom on the scale of the 2008 disaster forms completely depends on the waves and the wind, says the studys lead author, Song Qin. Critical in this process are cyclonic eddies huge, constantly moving bodies of water that swirl through the Yellow Sea in spring and summer. In 2008, the eddies made conditions ideal for a bloom of Ulva prolifera. The groups multidisciplinary approach

Punching a Hole in Time

In recent years, physicists and engineers have developed rudimentary invisibility cloaks that funnel light around an object. A new study published at arXiv.org takes this feat a step further, demonstrating a cloaking device that can hide (for a fraction of a second) an event that occurs at a specic point in time. The time cloak opens a gap in a laser beam; whatever happens in that gap cannot affect the beam and thus cannot be detected. To open the gap in the beam, Alexander Gaeta, Moti Fridman, and colleagues at Cornell University used a time lens: a device that can shift the frequency of the light. They send this frequency modulated light through an optical ber that speeds up some wavelengths of light. As one set of wavelengths races ahead of others, a gap opens in the beam. After the light has passed the spot where the hidden event will occur, the experimenters reverse the process and the beam is stitched together again, so that an observer sees a continuous, uninterrupted beam of lightand never suspects that part of the action has been edited out.

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sion studies that submit data to public databases, according to a PLoS ONE study that examined 11,603 studies from 2000 through 2009. Data on cancer and human subjects was shared least often.