Subject Review of IB 2023 Year - 1 - P2-2 [301 

marks]
1a. [1 mark]
Two straight fences meet at point A and a field lies between them.
A horse is tied to a post, P , by a rope of length r metres. Point D is on one fence and point E
̂
is on the other, such that PD=PE=PA=r and D P E=θ radians. This is shown in the
following diagram.

The length of the arc DE shown in the diagram is 28 m.

Write down an expression for r in terms of θ .

Markscheme
28
r=            A1
θ
 
[1 mark]
1b. [4 marks]
392
Show that the area of the field that the horse can reach is  2
( θ+sin θ ) .
θ

Markscheme
recognising sum of area of sector and area of triangle required           (M1)

1 2 1
2
r2
( )
r θ + r × r ×sin ( π − θ ) ¿ ( θ+ sin ( π −θ )            A1
2 2

sin ( π − θ )=sinθ  (substitution seen anywhere)           A1

( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 28 1 28 1 28 (
θ+ sin θ   OR   θ+sin θ )            A1
2 θ 2 θ 2 θ
392
area¿ 2
( θ+sin θ )            AG
θ
 
[4 marks]
1c. [2 marks]
The area of field that the horse can reach is 460 m2. Find the value of θ .

Markscheme
392
( θ+sin θ ) =460            (M1)
θ2
θ=1.43917 …
θ=1.44           A1
 
[2 marks]
1d. [2 marks]
̂
Hence, find the size of D A E.
Markscheme
π − ( π −θ ) θ
  OR              (M1)
2 2
̂
D A E=0.719588 …
̂
D A E=0.720            A1
 
[2 marks]
1e. [2 marks]
A new fence is to be constructed between points B and C which will enclose the field, as
shown in the following diagram.

Point C  is due west of B and AC=800 m . The bearing of B from A is 195.
̂
Find the size of  A B C .
Markscheme
̂
A B C=195 −180+ 90           (A1)
¿ 105           A1
 
[2 marks]
1f. [3 marks]
Find the length of new fence required.

Markscheme
choosing sine rule          (M1)
$\frac{\text{BC}}{\text{sin D}\hat{\text{A}}\text{E}}=\frac{800}{\sin 105\mspace{-
4mu}}$  OR  $\frac{\text{BC}}{\text{sin D}\hat{\text{A}}\text{E}}=\frac{800}{\sin{1.83}\
mspace{-4mu}}$          A1
BC=546 ( m )            A1

 
[2 marks]
2a. [2 marks]
+¿¿
Consider the function f defined by  f ( x )=90 e− 0.5 x  for  x ∈ R .
The graph of f and the line y=x intersect at point P .
Find the x -coordinate of P .

Markscheme
Attempt to find the point of intersection of the graph of f  and the line  y=x          (M1)
x=5.56619 …
¿ 5.57           A1
 
[2 marks]
2b. [4 marks]
The line L has a gradient of −1 and is a tangent to the graph of f at the point Q .
Find the exact coordinates of Q .
Markscheme
− 0.5x
f ′ ( x )=−45 e           A1
attempt to set the gradient of  f  equal to −1         (M1)
− 0.5 x
− 45 e =−1
1
Q  has coordinates ( 2 ln 45 , 2 ) (accept (−2 ln ,2 )          A1A1
45
 
Note: Award A1 for each value, even if the answer is not given as a coordinate pair.
1
ln ln 45
   Do not accept  45  or   as a final value for x . Do not accept 2.0 or 2.00 as a final value
0.5
−0.5
for y .
 
[4 marks]
2c. [2 marks]
Show that the equation of  L is  y=− x+ 2 ln 45+2.

Markscheme
attempt to substitute coordinates of Q (in any order) into an appropriate equation      
(M1)
y −2=− ( x − 2 ln 45 )  OR  2=− 2 ln 45+c           A1
equation of  L is  y=− x+ 2 ln 45+2           AG
 
[2 marks]
2d. [1 mark]
The shaded region A is enclosed by the graph of f and the lines y=x and L.
Find the x -coordinate of the point where L intersects the line y=x .

Markscheme
x=ln 45+1 ( ¿ 4.81 )          A1

 
[1 mark]
2e. [4 marks]
Hence, find the area of A .

Markscheme
appropriate method to find the sum of two areas using integrals of the difference of
two functions          (M1)
 
Note: Allow absence of incorrect limits.
 
5.566 … 7.613 …

∫ ( x − ( − x +2 ln 45+2 ) ) d x+ ∫ ( 90 e −0.5 x − ( − x +2 ln 45+2 ) ) d x        (A1)(A1)

4.806 … 5.566 …

 
Note: Award A1 for one correct integral expression including correct limits and integrand.
          Award A1 for a second correct integral expression including correct limits and
integrand.
 
¿ 1.52196 …
¿ 1.52        A1
 
[4 marks]
2f. [2 marks]
The line L is tangent to the graphs of both f and the inverse function f −1.

Find the shaded area enclosed by the graphs of f and f −1 and the line L.

Markscheme
by symmetry 2 ×1.52 …         (M1)
¿ 3.04          A1
 
Note: Accept any answer that rounds to 3.0 (but do not accept 3).
  
[2 marks]
3a. [3 marks]
2

Let  f ( x )=3 x −4 0.15 x  for 0 ≤ x ≤ 3.

Sketch the graph of f on the grid below.

Markscheme

    
A1A1A1
 
Note: Award A1 for a smooth concave down curve with generally correct shape. If first
mark is awarded, award A1 for local maximum and x -intercept in approximately correct
position, award A1 for endpoints at x=0  and x=3 with approximately correct y -
coordinates.
 
[3 marks]
3b. [2 marks]
Find the value of x for which f ′ ( x )=0.
Markscheme
recognizing that  f ′ ( x )=0 at local maximum                 (M1)
x=2.33084 …
x=2.33                            A1
 
[2 marks]
4a. [2 marks]
An arithmetic sequence has first term 60 and common difference −2.5 .
Given that the k th term of the sequence is zero, find the value of k .

Markscheme
attempt to use u1 + ( n −1 ) d=0            (M1)
60 −2.5 ( k −1 )=0
k =25                          A1
 
[2 marks]
4b. [3 marks]
Let Sn denote the sum of the first n terms of the sequence.

Find the maximum value of Sn .

Markscheme
METHOD 1
attempting to express Sn in terms of n             (M1)
use of a graph or a table to attempt to find the maximum sum            (M1)
¿ 750                A1
 
METHOD 2

EITHER
recognizing maximum occurs at n=25           (M1)
25 25
S25 = ( 60+ 0 ) , S25 = ( 2× 60+24 ×− 2.5 )           (A1)
2 2

OR
attempting to calculate  S24           (M1)
24
S24 = ( 2 ×60+23 ×− 2.5 )          (A1)
2

THEN
¿ 750                A1
 
[3 marks]
5a. [2 marks]
The functions f and g are defined for  x ∈ R by  f ( x )=6 x 2 −12 x+1 and  g ( x )=− x +c ,
where c ∈ R .
Find the range of f .

Markscheme
attempting to find the vertex      (M1)
x=1 OR   y=− 5  OR   f ( x )=6 ( x −1 )2 − 5

range is  y ≥− 5              A1

 
[2 marks]
5b. [4 marks]
Given that ( g ∘ f )( x ) ≤ 0 for all x ∈ R, determine the set of possible values for c .

Markscheme
METHOD 1

( g ∘ f )( x )=− ( 6 x 2 − 12 x +1 ) +c ( ¿ − ( 6 ( x −1 )2 −5 ) + c )            (A1)

EITHER
relating to the range of f OR attempting to find  g ( −5 )             (M1)
5+c ≤ 0            (A1)

OR
attempting to find the discriminant of ( g ∘ f )( x )             (M1)
144+ 24 ( c − 1 ) ≤ 0 ( 120+24 c ≤ 0 )            (A1)

THEN
c ≤− 5             A1
 
METHOD 2
vertical reflection followed by vertical shift             (M1)
new vertex is ( 1 ,5+ c )            (A1)
5+c ≤ 0            (A1)
c ≤− 5             A1
 
[4 marks]
6a. [1 mark]
All living plants contain an isotope of carbon called carbon-14. When a plant dies, the
isotope decays so that the amount of carbon-14 present in the remains of the plant
decreases. The time since the death of a plant can be determined by measuring the amount
of carbon-14 still present in the remains.
The amount, A , of carbon-14 present in a plant t years after its death can be modelled
by  A=A 0 e− k t where t ≥ 0 and A0 , k are positive constants.

At the time of death, a plant is defined to have 100 units of carbon-14.

Show that A0 =100.

Markscheme
0
100= A 0 e              A1
A0 =100             AG

 
[1 mark]
6b. [3 marks]
The time taken for half the original amount of carbon-14 to decay is known to be 5730
years.
ln 2
Show that k = .
5730

Markscheme
correct substitution of values into exponential equation             (M1)
−5730 k 1
50=100 e
− 5730k
  OR  e =
2

EITHER
1
−5730 k =ln              A1
2
1 1
ln =− ln 2  OR  − ln =ln2             A1
2 2

OR

e 5730k =2             A1

5730 k =ln 2             A1

THEN
ln 2
k=              AG
5730

ln 2
Note: There are many different ways of showing that k =  which involve showing
5730
different steps. Award full marks for at least two correct algebraic steps seen.
 
[3 marks]
6c. [3 marks]
Find, correct to the nearest 10 years, the time taken after the plant’s death for 25 % of the
carbon-14 to decay.

Markscheme
if 25 % of the carbon-14 has decayed, 75 % remains ie, 75 units remain                      (A1)
ln 2
− t
5730
75=100 e

EITHER
using an appropriate graph to attempt to solve for t                       (M1)

OR
manipulating logs to attempt to solve for t                                (M1)
ln2
ln 0.75=− t
5730
t=2378.164 …

THEN
t=2380 (years) (correct to the nearest 10 years)                   A1
 
[3 marks]
7a. [2 marks]
The six blades of a windmill rotate around a centre point C . Points A and B and the base
of the windmill are on level ground, as shown in the following diagram.
From point  A the angle of elevation of point C is 0.6 radians.
Given that point  A  is 12 metres from the base of the windmill, find the height of point C  
above the ground.

Markscheme
h
tan0.6=                      (M1)
12
8.20964 …
8.21 ( m )                  A1
 
[2 marks]
7b. [2 marks]
An observer walks 7 metres from point A to point B.
Find the angle of elevation of point C from point B.

Markscheme
8.2096 …
tan B=   OR   tan −1 1.6419…                      (A1)
5
1.02375 …
1.02  (radians) (accept 58.7 )                  A1
 
[2 marks]
7c. [2 marks]
The observer keeps walking until he is standing directly under point C . The observer has
a height of 1.8 metres, and as the blades of the windmill rotate, the end of each blade
passes 2.5 metres over his head.
Find the length of each blade of the windmill.

Markscheme
x +1.8+2.5=8.20964 …  (or equivalent)                     (A1)
3.90964 …
3.91  (m)                  A1
 
[2 marks]
7d. [4 marks]
One of the blades is painted a different colour than the others. The end of this blade
is labelled point D . The height h , in metres, of point D above the ground can be modelled by
the function h ( t )= p cos
3π
10 ( )
t +q , where t is in seconds and  p , q ∈ R . When t=0 , point  D  is at
its maximum height.
Find the value of p and the value of q .

Markscheme
METHOD 1
max − min
recognition that blade length = amplitude,  p=                      (M1)
2
p=3.91                   A1
max+min
centre of windmill = vertical shift, q=                      (M1)
2
q=8.21                  A1
 
METHOD 2
attempting to form two equations in terms of   p and q                      (M1)(M1)

12.1192 …= p cos ( 310π 0)+ q , 4.3000 …= p cos ( 310π 103 )+ q

p=3.91                   A1
q=8.21                  A1
  
[4 marks]
7e. [3 marks]
If the observer stands directly under point C for one minute, point D will pass over
his head n times.
Find the value of n .

Markscheme
appropriate working towards finding the period                     (M1)
2π
period= ( ¿ 6.6666 … )
3π
10
60
rotations per minute ¿                      (M1)
their period
n=9 (must be an integer) (accept n=10, n=18, n=19)                  A1
  
[3 marks]
8a. [2 marks]
All answers in this question should be given to four significant figures.

In a local weekly lottery, tickets cost $ 2 each.

In the first week of the lottery, a player will receive $ D for each ticket, with the
probability distribution shown in the following table. For example, the probability of a
player receiving $ 10 is 0.03 . The grand prize in the first week of the lottery is $ 1000.
Find the value of c .

Markscheme
considering that sum of probabilities is 1             (M1)
0.85+ c+0.03+ 0.002+ 0.0001=1
0.1179                A1
 
[2 marks]
8b. [4 marks]
Determine whether this lottery is a fair game in the first week. Justify your answer.

Markscheme
valid attempt to find  E ( D )            (M1)
E ( D )=( 0 × 0.85 ) + ( 2× 0.1179 ) + ( 10 ×0.03 ) + ( 50 × 0.002 )+ (1000 × 0.0001 )
E ( D )=0.7358             A1

No, not a fair game             A1

for a fair game, E ( D ) would be $ 2 OR players expected winnings are 1.264             R1
 
[4 marks]
8c. [2 marks]
If nobody wins the grand prize in the first week, the probabilities will remain the same, but
the value of the grand prize will be $ 2000 in the second week, and the value of the grand
prize will continue to double each week until it is won. All other prize amounts will remain
the same.
Given that the grand prize is not won and the grand prize continues to double, write
an expression in terms of n for the value of the grand prize in the n th week of the lottery.
Markscheme
recognition of GP with r =2            (M1)

1000 ×2
n −1
  OR  500 ( 2n )           A1

 
[2 marks]
8d. [7 marks]
The w th week is the first week in which the player is expected to make a profit. Ryan
knows that if he buys a lottery ticket in the w th week, his expected profit is $ p .
Find the value of p.

Markscheme
recognizing E ( D ) >2            (M1)
correct expression for w th week (or nth week)            (A1)

( 0 ×0.85 )+ ( 2× 0.1179 ) + ( 10× 0.03 ) + ( 50 ×0.002 ) + ( 1000 ×2 w− 1 × 0.0001 )

correct inequality (accept equation)            (A1)

0.6358+ ( 1000 × 2 × 0.0001 ) >2  OR  2n −1 >13.642

w −1

 
EITHER
n −1>3.76998   OR  w=4.76998 …            (A1)

OR
E ( D )=1.4358  in week 4   or   E ( D )=2.2358  in week 5            (A1)

THEN
w=5             A1
expected profit per ticket ¿ their E ( D ) −2             (M1)
¿ 0.2358             A1
 
[7 marks]
9a. [2 marks]
3 x +2
The function f is defined by  f ( x )= 2 , for  x ∈ R,  x ≠ p,  x ≠ q .
4 x −1
Find the value of p and the value of q .

Markscheme
attempt to solve 4 x2 −1=0 e.g. by factorising 4 x2 −1        (M1)
1 1
p= ,q=−  or vice versa        A1
2 2
 
[2 marks]
9b. [3 marks]
Find an expression for  f ′ ( x ) .

Markscheme
attempt to use quotient rule or product rule        (M1)
 
EITHER

3 ( 4 x −1 ) − 8 x ( 3 x +2 )
( )
2 2
−12 x −16 x − 3
f ′ ( x )= 2
¿ 2         A1A1
( 4 x 2 −1 ) ( 4 x 2 −1 )
 
Note: Award A1 for each term in the numerator with correct signs, provided
correct denominator is seen.
 
OR
−2 −1
f ′ ( x )=−8 x ( 3 x +2 ) ( 4 x 2 − 1 ) +3 ( 4 x2 −1 )         A1A1

 
Note: Award A1 for each term.
 
[3 marks]
9c. [2 marks]
The graph of y=f ( x ) has exactly one point of inflexion.
Find the x -coordinate of the point of inflexion.

Markscheme
attempt to find the local min point on  y=f ′ ( x ) OR solve  f ' ' ( x )=0      (M1)
x=− 1.60     A1
 
[2 marks]
9d. [5 marks]
Sketch the graph of y=f ( x ) for −3 ≤ x ≤ 3, showing the values of any axes intercepts, the
coordinates of any local maxima and local minima, and giving the equations of any
asymptotes.

Markscheme

   
A1A1A1A1A1
 
Note: Award A1 for both vertical asymptotes with their equations, award A1 for horizontal
asymptote with equation, award A1 for each correct branch including asymptotic
behaviour, coordinates of minimum and maximum points (may be seen next to the graph)
and values of axes intercepts.
If vertical asymptotes are absent (or not vertical) and the branches overlap as a
consequence, award maximum A0A1A0A1A1.
 
[5 marks]
9e. [4 marks]

4 x2 − 1 2
The function g is defined by  g ( x )= , for  x ∈ R , x ≠− .
3 x +2 3

Find the equations of all the asymptotes on the graph of y=g ( x ).

Markscheme
2
x=− ( ¿− 0.667 )          A1
3
4
(oblique asymptote has) gradient  ( ¿ 1.33 )         (A1)
3
appropriate method to find complete equation of oblique asymptote         M1
4 8
x−
   2
3 9
3 x+ 2 4 x + 0 x − 1
2 8
4x + x
3
 
8
− x −1
3
8 16
− x−
3 9
  
7
9
4 8
y= x − ( ¿ 1.33 x − 0.889 )         A1
3 9
Note: Do not award the final A1 if the answer is not given as an equation.
 
[4 marks]
9f. [4 marks]
By considering the graph of y=g ( x ) − f ( x ), or otherwise, solve f ( x ) < g ( x ) for x ∈ R.

Markscheme
attempting to find at least one critical value ( x=− 0.568729 … , x=1.31872 … )          (M1)
 2
− < x< −0.569  OR  − 0.5< x< 0.5  OR   x >1.32        A1A1A1
3
 
Note: Only penalize once for use of ≤ rather than ¿.
 
[4 marks]
10a. [3 marks]
1
The function f has a derivative given by  f ′ ( x )= , x ∈ R , x ≠ o , x ≠ k  where k  is a
x (k − x )
positive constant.
a b
The expression for f ′ ( x ) can be written in the form  + , where a , b ∈ R . Find a and b in
x k −x
terms of k .

Markscheme
1 a b
≡ +
x (k − x ) x k − x

a ( k − x ) +b x=1          (A1)
attempt to compare coefficients OR substitute  x=k  and  x=0  and solve         (M1)
1 1
a=  and b=         A1
k k
1 1
f ′ ( x )= +
k x k ( k − x)

 
[3 marks]
10b. [3 marks]
Hence, find an expression for f ( x ).

Markscheme
a b
attempt to integrate their  +          (M1)
x k −x

f (x)
1 1
∫ + (
1
k x k− x
dx )
 1
( | | )
1
¿ ( ln| x|− ln |k − x|) ( +c ) ¿ ln
k k
x
k− x
( +c )          A1A1

 
Note: Award A1 for each correct term. Award A1A0 for a correct answer without
modulus signs. Condone the absence of +c .
 
[3 marks]
10c. [8 marks]
Consider P , the population of a colony of ants, which has an initial value of 1200.
The rate of change of the population can be modelled by the differential
d P P (k − P)
equation  = , where t is the time measured in days, t ≥ 0, and k is the upper
dt 5k
bound for the population.
1200 k
P=
By solving the differential equation, show that  −
t .
( k −1200 ) e 5 +1200

Markscheme
attempt to separate variables and integrate both sides         M1
1
5k ∫ d P= ∫ 1 d t
P( k − P)

5 ( ln P −ln ( k − P ) )=t+ c          A1

 
Note: There are variations on this which should be accepted, such
1 1
as  ( ln P − ln ( k − P ) )= t+c . Subsequent marks for these variations should be awarded
k 5k
as appropriate.
 
EITHER
attempt to substitute t=0 , P=1200 into an equation involving c         M1

( (
c=5 ( ln 1200 − ln ( k −1200 ) ) ¿5 ln
1200
k −1200 ))
         A1

5 ( ln P −ln ( k − P ) )=t+ 5 ( ln 1200− ln ( k −1200 ) )          A1

ln ( )
P ( k −1200 ) t
=
1200 ( k − P ) 5
t
P ( k − 1200 ) 5
=e          A1
1200 ( k − P )
 
OR

ln ( k −P P )= t+5c
t
P
= A e 5          A1
k−P
attempt to substitute t=0 , P=1200         M1
1200
= A          A1
k −1200
t
5
P 1200 e          A1
=
k − P k −1200
 
THEN
attempt to rearrange and isolate  P         M1
t t t t
− −
P k −1200 P=1200 k e − 1200 P e   OR   P k e 5 − 1200 P e 5 =1200 k − 1200 P  
5 5

k k − 1200
−1=
OR   P t
1200 e 5

P ( k −1200+1200 e )=1200 k e   OR   P ( k e )

t t t t
− −
5 5 5
− 1200 e + 1200 =1200 k          A1
5

 
1200 k
P=
−
t          AG
( k −1200 ) e 5 +1200
 
[8 marks]
10d. [3 marks]
At t=10 the population of the colony has doubled in size from its initial value.
Find the value of k , giving your answer correct to four significant figures.

Markscheme
attempt to substitute t=10 , P=2400          (M1)
1200 k
2400=           (A1)
( k − 1200 ) e− 2+1200
k =2845.34 …
k =2845          A1
 
Note: Award (M1)(A1)A0 for any other value of k  which rounds to 2850
 
[3 marks]
10e. [3 marks]
Find the value of t when the rate of change of the population is at its maximum.

Markscheme
attempt to find the maximum of the first derivative graph OR zero of the second derivative
k
graph OR that  P= ( ¿ 1422.67 … )         (M1)
2
t=1.57814 …
¿ 1.58 (days)         A2
 
Note: Accept any value which rounds to 1.6.
 
[3 marks]
11a. [5 marks]
A continuous random variable X has the probability density function f given by

{
x
0≤x ≤4
f ( x )= √ { x2 +k 3

0 otherwise

where k ∈ R +¿¿.
Show that √ 16+k − √ k=√ k √ 16+k .

Markscheme
x
recognition of the need to integrate         (M1)
√( x +k )
2 3

x
∫ d x (¿ 1)
√ ( x 2+ k ) 3

 
EITHER
du
u=x 2 +k ⇒ =2 x  (or equivalent)       (A1)
dx
3
x 1 −2
∫ d x= ∫u du
√ ( x 2+ k )
3 2

( )
1 1
− −
¿ −u 2
( + c ) ¿ − ( x2 + k ) 2 (+ c )         A1

 
OR
x 1 2x
∫ d x= ∫ dx
2 ( x 2 +k )3        (A1)
√ ( x 2+ k )
3
√
1
−
¿ − ( x +k ) (+ c )        A1
2 2

 
THEN
attempt to use correct limits for their integrand and set equal to 1        M1

[ −u ] [ ]
1 16+k 1 4
−
=1  OR   − [ x2 + k ] 0 =1
− 2
2
k

( )
1 1
−
2
− 1 1
− ( 16+ k ) + k =1 ⇒ 2
− =1         A1
√ k √16+ k
√ 16+k − √ k=√ k √ 16+k         AG
 
[5 marks]
11b. [2 marks]
Find the value of k .

Markscheme
attempt to solve √ 16+k − √ k=√ k √ 16+k       (M1)
k =0.645038 …
¿ 0.645         A1
 
[2 marks]
12a. [1 mark]
π π
( )
Consider the complex numbers  z=2 cos +isin  and w=8 cos
5 5 (
2k π
5
− isin
2k π
5 ),
where k ∈ Z +¿¿.
Find the modulus of z w .

Markscheme
¿     A1
 
[1 mark]
12b. [2 marks]
Find the argument of  z w  in terms of k .

Markscheme
attempt to find arg ( z )+ arg ( w )        (M1)
arg ( z w )=arg ( z ) +arg ( w )

¿
5 5
¿ (
π 2 k π (1 −2 k ) π
−
5 )
       A1

 
[2 marks]
12c. [3 marks]
Suppose that z w ∈ Z .
Find the minimum value of k .

Markscheme
z w ∈ Z ⇒ arg ( z w )  is a multiple of  π        (M1)
⇒ 1 −2 k  is a multiple of 5       (M1)
k =3       A1
 
[3 marks]
12d. [1 mark]
For the value of k found in part (i), find the value of z w .

Markscheme
z w=16 ( cos ( − π ) +i sin ( − π ) )

−16          A1
 
[1 mark]
13a. [1 mark]
Two boats A  and B travel due north.
Initially, boat B is positioned 50 metres due east of boat A .
The distances travelled by boat A and boat B, after t seconds, are x metres and y metres
respectively. The angle θ is the radian measure of the bearing of boat B from boat A . This
information is shown on the following diagram.
Show that y=x +50 cot θ .

Markscheme
50 y−x
tanθ=   OR  cot θ=         A1
y− x 50
y=x +50 cot θ         AG
 
Note: y − x may be identified as a length on a diagram, and not written explicitly.
 
[1 mark]
13b. [6 marks]
At time T , the following conditions are true.
Boat B has travelled 10 metres further than boat A .
Boat B is travelling at double the speed of boat A .
The rate of change of the angle θ is − 0.1 radians per second.
Find the speed of boat A at time T .
Markscheme
attempt to differentiate with respect to t          (M1)
dy dx 2dθ
= −50 ( cosec θ )         A1
d t dt dt
attempt to set speed of B equal to double the speed of A         (M1)
dx dx dθ
2 = −50 ( cosec θ )2
dt dt dt
dx dθ
=−50 ( cosec θ )2         A1
dt dt

2
θ=arctan 5 ( ¿ 1.373 …=78.69 … )   OR  cosec θ=1+ cot θ=1+
2
()1 2 26
5
=         (A1)
25

 
Note: This A1 can be awarded independently of previous marks.
 
dx
dt
=−50
26
25 ( )
×−0.1

So the speed of boat A is 5.2 ( ms−1 )         A1

 
Note: Accept 5.20 from the use of inexact values.
 
[6 marks]
14a. [6 marks]
x
2
A function f is defined by  f ( x )= k e , where  x ∈ R , x ≥ 0 and k ∈ R .
+¿¿

1+e x
The region enclosed by the graph of y=f ( x ), the x -axis, the y -axis and the line x=ln 16
is rotated 360 about the x -axis to form a solid of revolution.

15 k 2 π
Show that the volume of the solid formed is   cubic units.
34
Markscheme
b

attempt to use V =π ∫ ( f ( x ) ) d x                  (M1)

2

( ) (
x 2

)
ln 16 2 ln16 x
ke e
V =π ∫ x
d x V =k 2 π ∫ 2
dx
0 1+e 0 ( 1+e x )

EITHER
applying integration by recognition                 (M1)

[ ]
ln16
2 1
¿k π −            A3
1+ e x 0

OR
x x
u=1+ e ⇒ d u=e d x             (A1)
attempt to express the integral in terms of u             (M1)
when x=0 , u=2 and when x=ln16 , u=17
17
1
V =k π ∫
2
d u             (A1)
2 u2

[ ]
17
2 1
¿k π −              A1
u 2

 
OR
x x
u=e ⇒ d u=e d x             (A1)
attempt to express the integral in terms of u             (M1)
when  x=0 , u=1 and when  x=ln16 , u=16
16
1
V =k π ∫
2
d u              (A1)
1 (1+u )2

[ ]
16
1
¿ k2 π −            A1
1+u 1
Note: Accept equivalent working with indefinite integrals and original limits for x .
 
THEN

¿ k2 π ( 12 − 171 )           A1
15 k 2 π
so the volume of the solid formed is   cubic units           AG
34

15
Note: Award (M1)(A0)(M0)(A0)(A0)(A1) when  is obtained from GDC
34
 
[6 marks]
14b. [2 marks]
Pedro wants to make a small bowl with a volume of 300 cm 3 based on the result from part
(a). Pedro’s design is shown in the following diagrams.

The vertical height of the bowl, BO, is measured along the x -axis. The radius of the
bowl’s top is OA and the radius of the bowl’s base is BC . All lengths are measured in cm .
Find the value of k that satisfies the requirements of Pedro’s design.

Markscheme
a valid algebraic or graphical attempt to find k               (M1)
2 300 ×34
k =
15 π
 ( √ 170π =√ 680π )  (as k ∈ R
k =14.7 ¿2
+¿¿
)           A1

Note: Candidates may use their GDC numerical solve feature.

 
[2 marks]
14c. [2 marks]
Find OA .

Markscheme
k
attempting to find OA=f ( 0 )=
2

( √ 170π =√ 680π )             (M1)

with k =14.712 … ¿ 2

OA=7.36 ¿ ( √ )           A1
170
π

 
[2 marks]
14d. [2 marks]
Find BC .

Markscheme
4k
attempting to find  BC=f ( ln 16 )=
17

( √ 170π =√ 680π )             (M1)

with k =14.712 … ¿ 2

17 √ π
BC=3.46 (¿
√ 17 π )
8 170 8 √ 10
=            A1

 
[2 marks]
14e. [4 marks]
For design purposes, Pedro investigates how the cross-sectional radius of the bowl
changes.
By sketching the graph of a suitable derivative of f , find where the cross-sectional radius of
the bowl is decreasing most rapidly.

Markscheme
EITHER
recognising to graph  y=f ′ ( x )             (M1)
Note: Award M1 for attempting to use quotient rule or product rule
x

differentiation.  f ′ ( x )= k e ( 1− e )
2 x

2
2 ( 1+ e x )

for  x >0 graph decreasing to the local minimum           A1

before increasing towards the x -axis           A1
 
OR
recognising to graph  y=f ' ' ( x )             (M1)
Note: Award M1 for attempting to use quotient rule or product rule
x

differentiation.  f ' ' ( x )= k e ( e − 6 e +1 )

2x
2 x

3
4 ( 1+e x )
 for
x >0, graph increasing towards and beyond the x -intercept          A1
recognising f ' ' ( x )=0 for maximum rate          (A1)
 
THEN

x=1.76 ( ¿ ln ( 2 √ 2+3 ) )         A1

 
Note: Only award A marks if either graph is seen.
[4 marks]
14f. [2 marks]
State the cross-sectional radius of the bowl at this point.

Markscheme
attempting to find  f ( 1.76 … )             (M1)

the cross-sectional radius at this point is 5.20 ( √ 85π ) ( cm )            A1

 
[2 marks]
15a. [1 mark]

A function f is defined by  f ( x )=arcsin ( )

x2− 1
x2 +1
, x ∈ R.

Show that f is an even function.

Markscheme
EITHER

( (− x )2 −1
) ( )
2
x −1
f ( − x ) =arcsin =arcsin 2 =f ( x )            R1
( − x )2 +1 x +1

OR
a sketch graph of y=f ( x ) with line symmetry in the y -axis indicated            R1

THEN
so  f ( x ) is an even function.            AG
 
[1 mark]
15b. [2 marks]
By considering limits, show that the graph of y=f ( x ) has a horizontal asymptote and state
its equation.

Markscheme

as  x → ± ∞, f ( x ) →arcsin 1 → ( π2 )            A1

π
so the horizontal asymptote is  y=             A1 
2
 
[2 marks]
15c. [6 marks]
 2x
Show that  f ′ ( x )=  for  x ∈ R , x ≠ 0.
√ x ( x 2 +1 )
2

Markscheme

( )
2
d x −1
attempting to use the quotient rule to find              M1
d x x 2+ 1

( )
d x 2 −1 2 x ( x +1 ) −2 x ( x − 1 )
( )
2 2
4x
= ¿ 2 2             A1
d x x 2+ 1 ( x +1 )
2 2
( x +1 )

( ( ))
2
d x −1
attempting to use the chain rule to find  arcsin 2             M1
dx x +1
2
x −1 dy 1
let u= 2  and so  y=arcsin u and  d u =
x +1 √ 1− u2
1 4x
f ′ ( x )= ×

√
2
( x 2+1 )             M1
( )
2 2
x −1
1− 2
x +1
4x 1
¿ ×
√( x +1 ) − ( x − 1 )
2 2 2 2
( x +1 )             A1
2

4x 1
¿ ×             A1
√4 x 2
( x +1 )
2

2x
¿             AG
√ x ( x2 +1 )
2

 
[6 marks]
15d. [3 marks]

By using the expression for f ′ ( x ) and the result √ x 2=|x|, show that f is decreasing for x <0.

Markscheme
2x
f ′ ( x )=
|x|( x 2+ 1 )
EITHER
for  x <0 ,|x|=− x            (A1)
2x
so  f ′ ( x )=− 2             A1
x +1

OR
|x|>0  and  x 2+ 1> 0            A1
2 x< 0 , x <0             A1

THEN
f ′ ( x ) <0               R1

Note: Award R1 for stating that in f ′ ( x ) , the numerator is negative, and the denominator is
positive.

so  f  is decreasing for  x <0            AG

Note: Do not accept a graphical solution

 
[3 marks]
15e. [5 marks]

A function g is defined by  g ( x )=arcsin ( )

x 2 −1
x 2+ 1
, x ∈ R , x ≥ 0.

Find an expression for g− 1 ( x ), justifying your answer.

Markscheme

( )
2
y −1
x=arcsin 2             M1
y +1

y 2 −1 2 2
sin x= 2
⇒ y sin x +sin x= y − 1             A1
y +1
 1+sin x
y 2=             A1
1− sin x
domain of g is  x ∈ R , x ≥ 0 and so the range of  g− 1 must be  y ∈ R , y ≥ 0
hence the positive root is taken (or the negative root is rejected)              R1

Note: The R1 is dependent on the above A1.

so ¿            A1

Note: The final A1 is not dependent on R1 mark.

 
[5 marks]
15f. [1 mark]
State the domain of g− 1.

Markscheme
π π
domain is − ≤ x<             A1
2 2

Note: Accept correct alternative notations, for example,  ⌊ −

π π π π
)
, ⌊ ¿ ¿  or  ⌊ − , ¿ ¿.
2 2 2 2
Accept ¿  if correct to 3 s.f.
 
[1 mark]
15g. [3 marks]
Sketch the graph of y=g −1 ( x ) , clearly indicating any asymptotes with their equations and
stating the values of any axes intercepts.
Markscheme

    
A1A1A1
Note: A1 for correct domain and correct range and y -intercept at y=1
π
         A1 for asymptotic behaviour  x →
2
π
         A1 for  x=
2
         Coordinates are not required. 
         Do not accept x=1.57 or other inexact values.
 
[3 marks]
16a. [2 marks]
Eight runners compete in a race where there are no tied finishes. Andrea and Jack are two
of the eight competitors in this race.
Find the total number of possible ways in which the eight runners can finish if Jack finishes
in the position immediately after Andrea.
Markscheme
Jack and Andrea finish in that order (as a unit) so we are considering the arrangement of 7
objects               (M1)
7 ! ( ¿ 5040 ) ways                      A1

 
[2 marks]
16b. [3 marks]
in any position after Andrea.

Markscheme
METHOD 1
the number of ways that Andrea finishes in front of Jack is equal to the number of ways that
Jack finishes in front of Andrea            (M1)
total number of ways is 8!                   (A1)
8!
( ¿ 20160 )   ways             A1
2
 
METHOD 2
the other six runners can finish in 6 ! ( ¿ 720 ) ways               (A1)
when Andrea finishes first, Jack can finish in 7 different positions
when Andrea finishes second, Jack can finish in 6 different positions etc
7+6 +5+4 +3+2+1 ( ¿ 28 ) ways             (A1)

hence there are ( 7+6 +5+4 +3+2+1 ) ×6 ! ways

28 ×6 ! ( ¿ 20160 ) ways              A1
 
[3 marks]
17. [5 marks]
Consider  z=cos θ +isin θ  where  z ∈ C , z ≠ 1.

Show that  ℜ ( 11+− zz )=0.

Markscheme
1+ z 1+cos θ+i sin θ
=
1− z 1− cos θ −i sin θ
attempt to use the complex conjugate of their denominator           M1
(1+ cos θ+i sin θ )( 1 −cos θ+ isin θ )
¿             A1
(1 − cos θ −isin θ )( 1 −cos θ+ isin θ )

ℜ ( )
1+ z
=
1 − z ( 1 −cos θ )2+ sin2 θ
¿ (
1− cos2 θ −sin 2 θ 1− cos2 θ −sin 2 θ
2 −2 cos θ )
          M1A1

Note: Award M1 for expanding the numerator and A1 for a correct numerator.
Condone either an incorrect denominator or the absence of a denominator.

using cos 2 θ+ sin2 θ=1 to simplify the numerator           (M1)

ℜ ( 11+− zz )=0            AG

 
[5 marks]
18a. [1 mark]

Write down the first three terms of the binomial expansion of ( 1+t )−1 in ascending powers
of t .

Markscheme
2
1 −t+ t                A1

Note: Accept 1 ,− t and t 2.

 
[1 mark]
18b. [4 marks]
By using the Maclaurin series for cos x and the result from part (a), show that the Maclaurin
2 4
x 5x
series for sec x 4
up to and including the term in x is 1+ + .
2 24
Markscheme

(( ( )) )                (M1)
−1
1 x2 x4
sec x= ¿ 1− + ( −… )
2
x x
4
2! 4 !
1 − + ( − …)
2! 4 !
t=cos x −1  or   sec x=1 − ( cos x −1 ) + ( cos x −1 )2               (M1)

( )( )
2
x2 x4 x2 x 4
¿ 1− − + ( − … ) + − + ( − … )                A1
2! 4! 2! 4 !
2 4 4
x x x
¿ 1+ − +                A1
2 24 4
x2 5 x 4
so the Maclaurin series for sec x up to and including the term in x 4 is 1+ +                AG
2 24

Note: Condone the absence of ‘…’ 

 
[4 marks]
18c. [3 marks]

By using the Maclaurin series for arctan x and the result from part (b), find lim
x →0
( xsec x−1 )
arctan 2 x
.

Markscheme
( 2 x )3
arctan 2 x=2 x − +…
3

(( ( )
)
3
(2 x )
x 2 x− +…
lim ( x arctan 2 x
=lim ) 3
                      M1
)
x →0 sec x − 1 x→0
2
x 5x
4
1+ + −1
2 24

( )
4
2 8x
2x − +…
3
¿ lim 2 4               A1
x→ 0 x 5x
+
2 24
 ( ( )
)
2 4 x2
2x 1−
3
¿ lim

2( 12 )
2 2
x→ 0 x 5x
1+

¿ 4               A1
 
Note: Condone missing ‘lim’ and errors in higher derivatives.
Do not award M1 unless x is replaced by 2 x in arctan .
 
[3 marks]
19a. [2 marks]
2 50
Consider the function  f ( x )=x + x + ,x ≠0.
x
Find  f ( 1 ) .

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
attempt to substitute  x=1       (M1)
2 50
eg        f ( 1 ) , 1 +1+
1
52  (exact)       A1   N2
[2 marks]
19b. [2 marks]
Solve f ( x )=0.

Markscheme
− 4.04932
− 4.05       A2   N2
[2 marks]
19c. [2 marks]
The graph of f has a local minimum at point A .
Find the coordinates of A .

Markscheme
( 2.76649 , 28.4934 )
A ( 2.77 , 28.5 )       A1A1   N2
[2 marks]
20a. [2 marks]
Let  f ( x )=4 − x 3 and  g ( x )=ln x , for  x >0.

Find ( f ∘ g )( x ) .

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
attempt to form composite (in any order)       (M1)

eg     f ( ln x ) , g ( 4 − x 3 )

( f ∘ g )( x )=4 − ( ln x )3       A1  N2
[2 marks]
20b. [2 marks]
Solve the equation ( f ∘ g )( x )=x .

Markscheme
valid approach using GDC      (M1)

( 2.85 , 2.85 )

eg       , 
2.85056
2.85      A1  N2
[2 marks]
20c. [3 marks]
Hence or otherwise, given that  g ( 2 a )=f −1 ( 2 a ), find the value of a .

Markscheme
METHOD 1 – (using properties of functions)
recognizing inverse relationship       (M1)

eg      f ( g ( 2 a ) ) =f ( f −1 ( 2 a ) ) ( ¿ 2 a )

equating 2 a to their x from (i)       (A1)

eg     2 a=2.85056
1.42528
a=1.43       A1  N2
 
METHOD 2 – (finding inverse)
interchanging x and y (seen anywhere)       (M1)

eg      x=4 − y 3 , f − 1 ( x )=√3 4 − x

correct working       (A1)

eg     √3 4 − 2 a=ln (2 a ), sketch showing intersection of  f −1 ( 2 x ) and  g ( 2 x )

1.42528
a=1.43       A1  N2
 
[3 marks]
21. [6 marks]

Consider the expansion of  3 x − ( 2

x)
k 9
, where k > 0.

The coefficient of the term in  x 6 is 6048 . Find the value of k .

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
valid approach for expansion (must have correct substitution for parameters, but accept an
incorrect value for r ).       (M1)

() ( ) () ( ) () ( )
r 1 2
9 ( 2) 9 −r k ( 2 )9 9 ( 2 )8 k 9 ( 2 )7 k
eg      3x − , 3x + 3x − + 3x − +…
r x 1 x 2 x

valid attempt to identify correct term       (M1)

r 9 −r
eg     2 ( 9 −r ) −r =6 , ( x 2 ) ( x− 1 ) =x 6

identifying correct term (may be indicated in expansion)       (A1)

eg     r =4 ,r =5
correct term or coefficient in binominal expansion       (A1)

() ( ) ( )
4 4
9 ( 2 )5 k 10 k
,126 ( 243 x ) 4 ,30618 k
4
eg      3x −
4 x x

correct equation in k        (A1)

eg     ( 94 ) ( 243 ) ( k ) x =6048 x ,30618 k =6048

4 6 6 4

2
k =  (exact)  0.667        A1  N3 
3
 
Note: Do not award A1 if additional answers given.
[6 marks]
22a. [2 marks]
1 2
An infinite geometric series has first term u1=a and second term u2= a − 3 a, where a> 0.
4
Find the common ratio in terms of a .

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
evidence of dividing terms (in any order)      (M1)
1 2
a −3 a
u
eg        1 , 4
u2 a
 1
r = a −3      A1   N2
4
[2 marks]
22b. [3 marks]
Find the values of a for which the sum to infinity of the series exists.

Markscheme
recognizing |r|< 1 (must be in terms of a )      (M1)

|14 a − 3|<1 ,− 1≤ 14 a −3 ≤ 1 ,− 4< a −12< 4

eg       

8< a<16       A2   N3

[3 marks]
22c. [3 marks]
Find the value of a when  S∞ =76.

Markscheme
correct equation     (A1)
a 1
=76 , a=76 4 − a ( )
eg       
(
1
1− a −3
4 ) 4

76
a= ( ¿ 15.2 ) (exact)      A2   N3
5
[3 marks]
23a. [1 mark]
The following diagram shows a circle with centre O and radius 1 cm. Points A and B lie
̂ π
on the circumference of the circle and  A O B=2θ , where 0<θ < .
2
The tangents to the circle at A and B intersect at point C .
 
Show that  AC=tan θ.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
correct working for AC (seen anywhere)     A1
AC AC
eg        tan θ= , tan θ=
OA 1
AC=tan θ      AG   N0
[1 mark]
23b. [6 marks]
Find the value of θ when the area of the shaded region is equal to the area of sector OADB .

Markscheme
METHOD 1 (working with half the areas)
area of triangle OAC or triangle OBC       (A1)
1
eg       ×1 × tan θ
2
correct sector area      (A1)
 1 2 1
eg       ×θ × ( 1 ) , θ
2 2
correct approach using their areas to find the shaded area (seen anywhere)      (A1)
1 1
eg       Atheir triangle − A their sector , θ − tan θ
2 2
correct equation      A1
1 1 1
eg       tan θ − θ= θ , tan θ=2θ
2 2 2
1.16556
1.17       A2   N4
 
METHOD 2 (working with entire kite and entire sector)
area of kite OACB       (A1)
1 1 1
eg      2 × ×1 × tanθ , × ×2 sin θ
2 2 cos θ
correct sector area      (A1)
1
eg       ×2 θ × ( 1 ) , θ
2
2
correct approach using their areas to find the shaded area (seen anywhere)      (A1)
eg       Akite OACB − A sector OADB ,θ − tan θ
correct equation      A1
eg       tan θ − θ=θ , tan θ=2 θ
1.16556
1.17       A2   N4
 
[6 marks]
24a. [2 marks]
The following diagram shows a water wheel with centre O and radius 10 metres. Water
flows into buckets, turning the wheel clockwise at a constant speed.
The height, h metres, of the top of a bucket above the ground t seconds after it
passes through point A is modelled by the function

h ( t )=13+8 cos ( 18π t ) −6 sin ( 18π t ), for t ≥ 0.

Find the height of point A above the ground.

Markscheme
valid approach     (M1)

eg      h ( 0 ) , 13+8 cos ( 18π ×0) −6 sin ( 18π ×0) ,13+ 8× 1− 6 ×0
21 (metres)      A1   N2
[2 marks]
24b. [2 marks]
Calculate the number of seconds it takes for the water wheel to complete one rotation.
Markscheme
valid approach to find the period (seen anywhere)    (M1)
eg      ( 36 , 21 ), attempt to find two consecutive max/min, 50.3130 −14.3130
2π 2π
,b= ,
           π period
18
36  (seconds) (exact)      A1   N2
[2 marks]
24c. [2 marks]
Hence find the number of rotations the water wheel makes in one hour.

Markscheme
correct approach   (A1)
60× 60
eg       ,1.6666  rotations per minute
36
100 (rotations)      A1   N2
[2 marks]
24d. [3 marks]
A bucket moves around to point B which is at a height of 4.06 metres above the ground. It
takes k seconds for the top of this bucket to go from point A to point B.
Find k .

Markscheme
correct substitution into equation (accept the use of t )       (A1)

eg      4.06=13+8 cos ( 18π × k )− 6 sin ( 18π × k )

valid attempt to solve their equation       (M1)
eg      
11.6510
11.7       A1   N3
[3 marks]
24e. [3 marks]
The chord [ AB ] is 17.0 metres, correct to three significant figures.
̂
Find A O B .

Markscheme
METHOD 1
evidence of choosing the cosine rule or sine rule       (M1)

( ) ( )
̂ ̂

( )
eg       AB =OA +OB −2 ×OA ×OB cos A O B , sin A O B = sin O A B
̂
2 2 2
AB OB
correct working       (A1)

eg       ̂
(
cos A O B = )
2
10 +10 −17.0 2
,− 0.445 ,
2
sin A O B
=
(
̂
) sin ( π 1 ̂
− AOB
2 2
,
)
2 ×10 ×10 17.0 10

( ) ( )
̂ ̂

          sin O A B = sin π −2 ×O A B
10 17.0
2.03197 , 116.423
2.03 ( 116 )       A1   N3
 
METHOD 2
attempt to find the half central angle       (M1)
 1
AB
( )
̂
eg      sin 1 A O B = 2
2 OA

correct working       (A1)

eg      2 ×sin

−1
( 8.5
10 )

2.03197 , 116.423
2.03 ( 116 )       A1   N3

 
METHOD 3
valid approach to find fraction of period       (M1)
k 11.6510
eg       ,
36 36
correct approach to find angle       (A1)
k
eg       ×2π
36
2.03348 , 116.510   (2.04203  using 11.7 )
2.03 ( 117 )       A1   N3
 
[3 marks]
24f. [2 marks]
Determine the rate of change of h when the top of the bucket is at B.

Markscheme
recognizing rate of change is h ′        (M1)
eg      h ′ ( k ) , h ′ ( 11.6510 ) , 0.782024
− 0.782024  (− 0.768662 from 3 sf  )

rate of change is − 0.782 ( ms− 1 )    A1   N2

(− 0.769 ( ms−1 ) from 3 sf  )

[2 marks]
25a. [2 marks]
A particle P moves in a straight line such that after time t seconds, its velocity, v in m s −1, is
π
given by v=e −3 t sin 6 t , where 0<t < .
2
Find the times when P comes to instantaneous rest.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
π
( ¿ 0.524 )       A1
6
π
( ¿ 1.05 )      A1
3

[2 marks]
25b. [7 marks]
At time t , P has displacement s ( t ) ; at time t=0 , s ( 0 )=0.
Find an expression for s in terms of t .

Markscheme
attempt to use integration by parts        M1
−3 t
s= ∫ e sin 6 t d t

EITHER

e −3 t sin 6 t
¿− − ∫ − 2 e− 3 t cos 6 t d t       A1
3

( )
−3 t −3 t
e sin 6 t 2 e cos 6 t −3 t
¿− − − ∫ − 4 e sin 6 t d t       A1
3 3

−( )
−3 t −3 t
e sin 6 t 2 e cos 6 t
¿− +4 s
3 3
−3 t − 3t
−3 e sin 6 t − 6 e cos 6 t
5 s=         M1
9
OR

e −3 t cos 6 t 1 − 3t
¿− − ∫ e cos 6 t d t       A1
6 2

( )
−3 t −3 t
e cos 6 t e sin 6 t 1 −3 t
¿− − + ∫ e sin 6 t d t       A1
6 12 4

−( )
−3 t −3 t
e cos 6 t e sin 6 t 1
¿− + s
6 12 4

5 −2 e −3 t cos 6 t −e −3 t sin 6 t
s=         M1
4 12

THEN

−3t
e ( sin 6 t+2 cos 6 t )
s=− ( +c )      A1
15
2
at  t=0 , s=0 ⇒ 0=− +c         M1
15
2
c=       A1
15
− 3t
2 e ( sin 6 t+2 cos 6 t )
s= −
15 15

[7 marks]
25c. [2 marks]
Find the maximum displacement of P , in metres, from its initial position.

Markscheme
EITHER
π
substituting t=  into their equation for s         (M1)
6

( )
π
−
2
2 e ( sin π +2 cos π )
s= −
15 15
OR

using GDC to find maximum value         (M1)

OR
π
6
evaluating ∫ v d t          (M1)
0

THEN

( ( ))
π
2 −
¿ 0.161 ¿ 1+e 2        A1 
15

[2 marks]
25d. [2 marks]
Find the total distance travelled by P in the first 1.5 seconds of its motion.

Markscheme
METHOD 1 

EITHER
1.5

distance required ¿ ∫ |e sin 6 t|d t        (M1)

−3t

OR

| |
π π
6 3 1.5

distance required ¿ ∫ e sin 6 t d t+ ∫ e sin 6 t d t +∫ e

−3 t −3 t −3 t
sin 6 t d t        (M1)
0 π π
6 3

( ¿ 0.16105 …+0.033479 …+ 0.006806 … )

THEN

¿ 0.201 ( m )       A1

 
METHOD 2

using successive minimum and maximum values on the displacement graph       (M1)
0.16105 …+ ( 0.16105 … − 0.12757 … ) + ( 0.13453 … −0.12757 … )
¿ 0.201 ( m )       A1

[2 marks]
25e. [2 marks]
At successive times when the acceleration of P is0 m s −2, the velocities of P form
a geometric sequence. The acceleration of P is zero at times t 1 , t 2 , t 3 where t 1< t 2 <t 3 and the
respective velocities are v1 , v 2 , v 3.
Show that, at these times, tan6 t=2 .

Markscheme
dv dv
valid attempt to find  using product rule and set  =0       M1
dt dt
d v −3 t −3 t
=e 6 cos 6 t −3 e sin 6 t         A1
dt
dv
=0 ⇒tan 6 t=2         AG
dt

[2 marks]
25f. [5 marks]
π
v2 v3 −
Hence show that  = =−e 2 .
v1 v2

Markscheme
attempt to evaluate t 1 , t 2 , t 3 in exact form         M1
 ( 1
6 t 1=arctan 2 ⇒t 1 = arctan 2
6 )
(π 1
6 t 2=π +arctan 2 ⇒ t 2= + arctan 2
6 6 )
(
π 1
6 t 3=2 π + arctan 2 ⇒ t 3= + arctan 2        A1
3 6 )
Note: The A1 is for any two consecutive correct, or showing that 6 t 2=π +6 t 1 or 6 t 3=π +6 t 2.

showing that sin 6 t n+1=− sin 6 t n

2
eg   tan 6 t=2 ⇒ sin 6 t=±          M1A1
√5
− 3 t n+ 1 π
e −
showing that  −3 t =e 2          M1
e n

π π
eg   e −3 ( 6 +k) ÷ e− 3 k =e − 2

Note: Award the A1 for any two consecutive terms.

π
v3 v2 −
= =−e 2         AG
v2 v1

[5 marks]
26a. [4 marks]
The following diagram shows part of the graph of y= p+ q sin ( r x ) . The graph has a
local maximum point at  −
9π
4 ( )
,5  and a local minimum point at  − ( 3π
4 )
, −1 .
Determine the values of p, q and r .

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
5+ ( −1 )
the principal axis is  ( ¿ 2)
2
so  p=2       A1
5− ( −1 )
the amplitude is  ( ¿ 3)
2
so q=3       A1

EITHER

one period is 2 − ( 3π

4
− − (
9π
4 ))
       (M1)

¿3π
2π
⇒ =3 π
r

OR

Substituting a point eg −1=2+sin − ( 3π

4
r )
sin −( 3π
4 )
r =− 1⇒ −
3π
4
r=… −
5π π 3π
2
,− ,
2 2
,…

3π π
Choice of correct solution − r=−        (M1)
4 2

THEN
2
⇒ r =        A1
3

( ⇒ y=2+3 sin ( 23x ))

Note: q and r can be both given as negatives for full marks

[4 marks]
26b. [4 marks]
Hence find the area of the shaded region.

Markscheme
roots are  x=− 1.09459… , x=− 3.617797 …       (A1)

( ( 23x )) d x        (M1)
− 1.09459…

∫ 2+3 sin
−3.617797 …

¿ −1.66 ( ¿ −1.66179 … )       (A1)

so area ¿ 1.66 ( units2 )       A1

[4 marks]
27. [6 marks]

( )
9
1 1 x
Find the term independent of x in the expansion of  3 2
− .
x 3x 2

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
use of Binomial expansion to find a term in

( )(
2 9

( ) )( )
9 9
1 x 1 3
x 1 x3 1 1 9
either  − , − , − , −  or ( 2 −3 x 3 )9         (M1)(A1)
3x 2
2 7
3
2 3 2 3x 2
3
3x

Note: Award M1 for a product of three terms including a binomial coefficient and powers
of the two terms, and A1 for a correct expression of a term in the expansion.

finding the powers required to be 2 and 7          (M1)(A1)

constant term is C29×132×-127         (M1)

Note: Ignore all x ’s in student’s expression.

1
therefore term independent of x is − ( ¿ − 0.03125 )       A1
32

[6 marks]
28a. [4 marks]
At a gathering of 12 teachers, seven are male and five are female. A group of five of
these teachers go out for a meal together. Determine the possible number of groups in each
of the following situations:
There are more males than females in the group.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences
in marking or structure.
identifying two or three possible cases        (M1)

total number of possible groups is  (75 )+(74 )( 51)+(73)(52)        (A1)(A1)

Note: Award A1 for any two correct cases, A1 for the other one.

¿ 21+ ( 35 ×5 ) + ( 35 ×10 )
¿ 546        A1
[4 marks]
28b. [3 marks]
Two of the teachers, Gary and Gerwyn, refuse to go out for a meal together.

Markscheme
METHOD 1
identifying at least two of the three possible cases- Gary goes, Gerwyn goes or neither goes 
(M1)

total number of possible groups is  (105)+( 104)+(104 )        (A1)

¿ 252+210+210
¿ 672       A1
 
METHOD 2
identifying the overall number of groups and no. of cases where both Gary and Gerwyn go. 
(M1)

total number of possible groups is  (125 )− (103 )        (A1)

¿ 792− 120
¿ 672       A1

[3 marks]
29a. [4 marks]
A rocket is travelling in a straight line, with an initial velocity of 140 m s−1. It accelerates to a
new velocity of 500 m s−1 in two stages.
During the first stage its acceleration, a  m s−2, after t seconds is given by a ( t )=240 sin ( 2 t ) ,
where 0 ≤ t ≤ k .
Find an expression for the velocity, v m s−1, of the rocket during the first stage.

Markscheme
recognizing that  v=∫ a         (M1)
correct integration         A1
eg      −120 cos ( 2 t )+ c
attempt to find c using their v ( t )        (M1)
eg      −120 cos ( 0 ) +c=140
v ( t )=−120 cos (2 t )+ 260         A1   N3
[4 marks]
29b. [4 marks]
The first stage continues for k seconds until the velocity of the rocket reaches 375 m s−1.
Find the distance that the rocket travels during the first stage.

Markscheme
evidence of valid approach to find time taken in first stage           (M1)
eg      graph,  −120 cos ( 2 t )+ 260=375
k =1.42595         A1
attempt to substitute their  v and/or their limits into distance formula           (M1)
1.42595 k

eg       ∫ |v|,    ∫ 260 −120 cos (2 t ),   ∫ ( 260− 120 cos ( 2t ) ) d t

0 0

353.608
distance is 354 (m)         A1   N3
[4 marks]
29c. [6 marks]
During the second stage, the rocket accelerates at a constant rate. The distance which the
rocket travels during the second stage is the same as the distance it travels during the first
stage.
Find the total time taken for the two stages.

Markscheme
recognizing velocity of second stage is linear (seen anywhere)          R1
1
eg      graph,    s= h ( a+b ) ,    v=mt +c
2
valid approach           (M1)
eg       ∫ v=353.608
correct equation           (A1)
1
eg       h ( 375+500 )=353.608
2
time for stage two ¿ 0.808248   (0.809142 from 3 sf)         A2
2.23420  (2.23914 from 3 sf)
2.23 seconds  (2.24 from 3 sf)         A1   N3
[6 marks]

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