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LANDSACPE STRUCTURE: CORRIDOORS

Referensi: Forman & Godron (1986) dan Farina (1998) Prof. Dr. HADI SUSILO ARIFIN EKOLOGI LANSKAP (ARL 621) DEPARTEMEN ARSITEKTUR LANSKAP SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA - IPB

CONTENT
Corridors and The Origins Corridor Structure Line Corridor Strip Corridors Stream Corridors

THE USE OF CORRIDORS

Transportation: road, railway, highways, canal direct economic benefit of efficiently moving people. Protection: hedgerows, wind breakers , shelterbelt Resources: power line, gas pipeline, rivers Aesthetic: hiking trail

CORRIDORS AND THEIR ORIGINS

Corridors are narrow strips of land which differ from

the matrix on either side.

Corridors may be isolated strips, but are usually

attached to a patch of somewhat similar vegetation

Corridors connect open areas, and roads connect

built up areas.
Nearly all landscape are both divided and at the

same time tied together by corridors.

Corridors may differ in origin: width, degree of

connectivity, amount of curvilinearity

CORRIDOR STRUCTURE
The vulture (predator) flying over a landscape in search

Irregularities in the width of the corridors Breaks in the corridors are long or short

of food sees the forms of corridors from above.

Degree of corridor curvilinearity or linearity is clear. Stream corridors in mountainous terrain are relatively

discontinuities
Narrows where the corridor has the form of

an isthmus (cape, peninsula, neck of land)

Patches of similar vegetation attached to the

straight while in flat terrain they wind extensively . Several negative ecological impacts winding streams are often straightened for purposes of boat transportation, drainage, or flood control. Railroad, power line and hedgerow corridors tend to be especially straight. The straighter the corridors, the shorter the distance the faster the movement between two points in the landscape.

corridor appear in the form of Node widenings of the corridor are too small to be recognized as separate landscape elements Node is located at the intersection of corridors. Connectivity is a measure of how connected or spatially continuous a corridor is, which may be quantified simple by the number of break per unit length of corridor.

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THE HIKERs VIEW

The hiker the hunter and the hunted, spends a large proportion travel time inside corridors. The hiker gets a biased view of the landscape, since the foreground, at least, is almost always corridor vegetation and fauna (see Fig. 4.4). If you hike a logging road, a paved road, or a power-line cut through woods you are apt to feel hotter on sunny days, and cooler on cold windy days, than if you did not walk in the corridor (SEE FIGURE 4.5.)

LINE CORRIDORS
Three Basic Types of Corridor Structure: Independent of the Origin Human Use Type of Landscape Much of the richness and functioning of corridors arises from these structure.

Line Corridors: paths, roads, hedgerows, property boundaries, drainage ditches, irrigation channel narrow bands Strip Corridors: are wider bands, with a central interior environment that contains and abundance of interior organism. Stream Corridors: border water courses and vary in width according to the size of the stream.

HEDGEROWS AS LINE CORRIDORS

Certain government program had accelerated the removal of hedgerows new land-use problem had emerged. Windbreaks in grassland or overexploited landscape have been studied for their function in protecting soil and plants. The role of hedgerows in maintaining populations of game is often emphasized in wildlife management.

HEDGEROWS ORIGIN & STRUCTTURE

Hedgerows planted, regenerated, or remnant PLANTED Hedgerows: usually are dominated by a single species REGENERATED Hedgerows: trees and/or shrubs grow along a fence, stone wall, or ditch, from seeds dispersed by animals and the wind.

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SEVERAL ADDITIONAL FACTORS UNDERLIE DIFFERENCES IN HEDGEROWS

ANIMAL COMMUNITIES OF HEDGEROWS

Whether shrubs, trees, or both shrubs and tree predominate Whether one or several species predominate(s) Species Composition Abundance of thorns Height and width Human-made structure ditches, banks, stone walls, wood, or wire fences.

A large proportion of the fauna in an agriculture landscape is observed at some time in hedgerows. The hedgerows provide access to foods an adjacent fields, as well as providing cover from predators. The plants produce fruits that attract large number of birds. The birds disperse the seed and they in turn produce more of the plants.

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