Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CM T Violations
CM T Violations.....................................................................................................................................................1
1NC T – Incentive Must Directly Apply to AE....................................................................................................2
1NC T – Incentives Can’t Go to Government Agencies.....................................................................................3
T – Incentives Must be Financial..........................................................................................................................4
1NC T – Must Be Positive Incentives...................................................................................................................5
1NC T – ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Excludes Nuclear.....................................................................................6
1NC T – Can’t Include Non-Renewable Energy.................................................................................................7
1NC T – Alternative Energy Must Be Preferable To Current Use....................................................................8
1NC T – In the United States................................................................................................................................9
1NC T-Substantial................................................................................................................................................10
Substantial - 2NC Ground Bomb........................................................................................................................11
Substantial – 2NC Limits Bomb.........................................................................................................................12
Substantial – 2NC Specialization .......................................................................................................................13
1NC - Must Specify Incentives............................................................................................................................14
2NC AT: We Meet—Regulations= Incentives....................................................................................................15
2NC AT: C/I—Regulations = Incentives............................................................................................................16
2NC AT: Reasonablity.........................................................................................................................................17
2NC Limits Outweigh..........................................................................................................................................18
1NC T - In Means Inside of.................................................................................................................................19
1
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
B. Violation – plan itself does not OFFER an incentive to increase alternative energy - cap-and-trade is a
regulatory program, AND the trading permits that the affirmative advocates is a effectual award not
fiated through the plan, AND the plan offers awards to non alternative energy
C. Vote Neg
1. Predictability – We can only predict cases to research for that reward the use of alternative energy in
the plan, not the millions that do so through solvency
2. Limits- the possibility of effectual cases as topical, opens the floodgates on what we have to prepare for
preventing clash, and the unique education held within it
3. Bright Line: Affirmative allows a blur between the responsibilities of the Affirmative and Negative
through its advocacy of regulations that spillovers to cause infinitely regressive abuse
2
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
In addition to finding that projecting an environmental image helps win customers, facility executives who use alternative
power technologies discover the cost can be less than expected. A bevy of financial incentives exist to help organizations
take some of the burn out of purchasing wind, solar and other alternative power technologies. Utilities offer rebates. States
offer grants. The federal government offers tax incentives.
C. Standards
1. Brightline – our interp provides a clear brightline, either something is a tax
break or it’s not
2. Contextuality – our evidence has the intent to define, it’s from an article
detailing government policies on alternative energy
3
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
To promote and encourage the conservation of non-renewable energy through the increased use of
renewable energy, the 1977 session of the North Carolina General Assembly enacted legislation
that provided tax incentives in the form of a tax credit for the construction or installation of a
solar energy system to heat, cool, or provide hot water to a building in North
Carolina. Throughout the years, other tax credits encouraging investment in renewable energy
sources were enacted. These included installation of a hydroelectric generator,
installation of solar energy equipment for the production of heat or electricity in
manufacturing or service processes of a person's business, installation of a wind
energy device, and construction of a methanol gas facility. These credits were
statutorily provided in both the corporation and individual income tax laws and
had different calculation methods and maximum credit amounts.
B. Violation: The Affirmative fails to give financial incentives, they only legalize hemp
C. Standards
Limits – Our interpretation limits down the topic to those that give financial incentives, which is good for
education because it increases clash
Ground – Financial incentives are key to neg ground because of arguments such as the spending DA.
Ground is key to fairness because it is essential that both sides have equal ground for fairness.
Predictability – The Affirmative is completely unpredictable because all they do is legalize hemp. They
could literally change any law and by their interpretation.
FX – The Affirmative only changes a law and then farmers can grow hemp making them effectually
topical
4
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
1. Interpretation:
Incentives involve an offer and a response within an exchange – alternative energy must be part of the exchange for it to
be an alternative energy incentive
Geoff Thale, associate for El Salvador at the Washington Office on Latin America. 1998
(ch 7, Incentives and the Salvadoran Peace Process THE PRICE OF PEACE, Edited by David Cortright
http://wwics.si.edu/subsites/ccpdc/pubs/price/frame.htm)
2. Violation: The Aff mandates a desired outcome, and manadates are not incentives.
Standards
3. Predictable Limits – The aff under-limits and allows for any case to be topical. If allowed, the fed can mandate
anything for alt energy incentives. This explodes the neg burden of researching and developing a coherent strategy. The
neg’s interpretation limits the aff cases and allows for a more coherent debate
4. Bright Line – The aff’s interpretation is vague and this blurs the fine line between topical and un-topical cases. The aff
can claim that pre-empting the current state programs for a fed program is an incentive inasmuch providing subsidies to
companies for increase alt energy use. The neg’s interpretation makes a clear distinction of what an incentive is.
5. Ground – The aff steals negative ground. The aff ‘s plan is essentially the neg’s counter plan. The neg expects the aff
to provide incentives while the aff mandates. Consequently, the aff’s interpretation disallows for and even avoids any
arguments that the neg comes up with for incentive based plans
6. T is a voter for fairness because you cannot promote unfair treatment of the neg
And Education because neg cant possibly prepare and debate effectively for an untopical case undermining the and
impeding educational value of a round
And Predictabilityas the the affs interpretation forces the negative to debate cases that it is not prepared for
5
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
alternative energy
–noun
energy, as solar, wind, or nuclear energy, that can replace or supplement traditional fossil-fuel sources, as coal, oil, and natural
gas..
C. STANDARDS
1. LIMITS – OUR INTERPRETATION IS THE ONLY FAIR WAY TO LIMIT THE TOPIC
– ALLOWS FOR PREDICTABLE CASES WHILE STILL ALLOWING AFF
CREATIVITY WITH PLAN MECHANISM
2. EDUCATION – MEANS IN-DEPTH DEBATES ABOUT THREE TYPES OF A.E.
AND VARIOUS SOLVENCY MECHANISMS
3. PREDICTABLITY – WITHOUT LIMITING THE TOPIC TO CERTAIN TYPES OF
A.E. NEGS CAN’T PREDICT ANY AFFS – AND, PREDICTABILITY IS THE KEY
INTERNAL TO EDUCATION, IF NEGS CAN’T PREDICT ANY CASES THEY’LL
DO NO RESEARCH MEANING WE WON’T GET ANYTHING OUT OF DEBATE
6
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
2) Ground – they destroy ground because can get out of all our DAs and net benefits by adding planks to plan that solve our impact.
This makes winning offense against the aff impossible.
7
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
B. Violation—OTEC is far more expensive than current options, it’s not a preferable option
Becca Friedman, staff writer, 2/26/06, “An Alternative Source
Heats Up: Examining the future of Ocean Thermal Energy
Conversion,” Harvard Political Review Online
Despite the sound science, a fully functioning OTEC prototype has yet to be
developed. The high costs of building even a model pose the main barrier.
Although piecemeal experiments have proven the effectiveness of the individual
components, a large-scale plant has never been built. Luis Vega of the Pacific
International Center for High Technology Research estimated in an OTEC summary
presentation that a commercial-size five-megawatt OTEC plant could cost from 80
to 100 million dollars over five years. According to Terry Penney, the Technology
Manager at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the combination of cost
and risk is OTEC’s main liability. “We’ve talked to inventors and other constituents
over the years, and it’s still a matter of huge capital investment and a huge risk,
and there are many [alternate forms of energy] that are less risky that could
produce power with the same certainty,” Penney told the HPR.
C. Standards
Limits—this interpretation is key to limiting the topic to what the USFG should do. If we are not
debating the best course of action, the aff has destroyed policy debate.
Predictability—the neg can’t predict the aff increasing a form of energy that is not better than the
current alternative
D. T is a voter for fairness, education, and jurisdiction.
8
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
C. Standards—
9
FILE NAME
DDI 2008 <CM>
Your Name
1NC T-Substantial
A. Substantially means 70 million dollars of funding
U.S. Global Change Research Program, "Global Climate Change Policy Book, 2/14/02
http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/Library/gcinitiative2002/gccstorybook.htm
Fully Funding the Global Environmental Facility. The Administration's FY '03 budget request of $178 million for
the GEF is more than $77 million above this year's funding and includes a substantial $70 million payment for
arrears incurred during the prior administration. The GEF is the primary international institution for transferring
energy and sequestration technologies to the developing world under the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
B. The affirmative does not substantially increase incentives because the production tax credits
they give are only 2 cents per kilowatt hour, that’s not large.
C. Standards
1. Limits: The aff makes t the topic limitless by allowing for thousands of affs that give only a
small incentives which justifies giving 5 dollars to build a wind turbine or giving a one dollar
incentive to grow an acre of biofuel to the Amish in Pennsylvania killing fairness because it
becomes impossible to prepare for or predict all of the millions of possible unsubstantial affs.
2. Ground – And this kills also ground, Negatives require large mechanisms to gain links.
Allowing small affs means the scope of the plan mechanism is too insignificant to allow our
disads. This kills clash and education because we have no way to debate due to a lack of
evidence to argue with and therefore learn nothing.
3. Specialization – Focus on small alternative energy improvements detracts the debate away
from overarching problems to problems relevant only to insignificant energy problems and
detracts from building knowledge about alternative energy as a whole.
10
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
11
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
12
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
13
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
Knowler, 99 - UN Food and Agricultural Organization (D., “Incentive Systems for Natural Resource Management: The Role of
Indirect Incentives”, ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/007/x2247e/x2247e00.pdf)
1.8 Incentives may be broadly defined, as in “everything that motivates or stimulates people to act” (Giger 1996). What is important
about such a broad definition is that it allows for incentives to be of either a passive or an active nature. In the former case, we can
think of incentives as signals in the producer’s environment which influence decision-making about farming practices, whether
intended or otherwise. Many macroeconomic policies, being remote from the producer and targeted at objectives other than promoting
sustainable farming practices, would fit into this category. In contrast, the notion of ‘active’ refers to a government’s ability to actually
design or modify policies with a desire to bring about certain conservation outcomes. McNeely (1988), for example, refers to this
concept of incentive when he defines incentives as “any inducement which is specifically intended to incite or motivate governments,
local people, and international organizations” (p.38-39). We draw this distinction because of the need to consider both active and
passive aspects when assessing the importance of incentives for NRM. While governments may be most concerned with the design of
good policies aimed at improving NRM, they need to be cognizant of the sometimes counterproductive influence exerted by a poor
incentive structure, in the passive sense.
Violation – The aff fails to specify which incentives they will use and the outcome of the
negotiations
Standards –
0Vagueness – we can’t get any sort of solvency takeouts because the plan doesn’t indicate its method of incentives.
Legitimizes people running the resolution as a plan text.
1Future fiat – the affirmative specifies the time table for solvency without indicating a single policy legitimizes future
fiat. Allows the aff to spike out of our DA’s by claiming to initiate action that solves the DA. We can’t make solvency
takeouts because they will just claim to have a second policy.
2Predictable Limits- We can’t predict the result of the consultation, this means we can’t do research, this kills education
and knowing the out come is key to ground because otherwise they can just fiat away our links, which kills clash and is
key to fairness
3FX-T—The Affirmative only effectually establishes incentives as a result of the consultation. This is an independent
voting issue for fairness and education: a. No bright line – once one step is allowed there is no resolutional
limit on the aff, any other interpretation is arbitrary.
b. Explodes limits– the aff can literally fund al-Qaeda and claim a terror attack increases alternative energy
c. Education – a loss of clash decreases education. Additionally topic specific education is the focal point of
debate -f/x allows the aff to dodge the core of the topic.
d. Fairness – the aff can choose to defend or not defend any policy an infinite number of steps away from
the topic, creating so much advantage ground the negative can never be prepared to respond.
14
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
15
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
16
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
17
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
18
Topicality
DDI 2008 Clark/Martin
3. Standards
19