DYSRHYTHMIAS

BOND C. BALAJADIA, MSN, RN FULL-TIME LECTURER/CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR OLFU COLLEGE OF NURSING ANTIPOLO CAMPUS

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CONDUCTION SYSTEM

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WHO ARE PRONE? Tissue Ischemia Hypoxemia SNS & PNS influences Lactic Acidosis Hemodynamic abnormalities Drug toxicity Electrolyte imbalance Age

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WHAT ARE THE SIGNS? Palpitations, which can be skipping, fluttering or pounding in the chest Fatigue Chest pressure or pain Shortness of breath Fainting, also known as syncope, or near-syncope Lightheadedness or dizziness

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HOW DO WE DIANOSED?
ECG*

Holter Monitor
Exercise Stress Test Electrophysiologic testing

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TYPES OF DYSRHYTHMIAS SINUS Sinus Tachycardia Sinus Bradycardia Sinus Arrhythmias Sick Sinus Syndrome

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TYPES OF DYSRHYTHMIAS ATRIAL Premature atrial contraction (PAC) Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) Atrial flutter* Atrial Fibrillation*

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TYPES OF DYSRHYTHMIAS VENTRICULAR Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)* Ventricular Bigemy Ventricular Tachycardia* Ventricular Fibrillation*

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TYPES OF DYSRHYTHMIAS CONDUCTION DEFECTS First degree AV block Second degree AV block Third degree AV block

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SUMMARY OF THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES Antidysrhythmic Drugs Artificial pacemaker Cardioversion/Defibrillation Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

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ANTIDYSRHYTHMIC DRUGS Class I Fast Channel Blocker I Disopyramide (Norpace) Procainamide (Pronestyl)* Quinidine Sulfate (Cardioquin) Fast Channel Blocker II Lidocaine (Xylocaine)* Mexilitine HCl (Mexitil)

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ANTIDYSRHYTHMIC DRUGS Class I Fast Channel Blocker III Flecainamide (Tambocor) Propafenone (Rhythmol) Tocainide (Tonocard) Class II Beta Blockers Acetabulol HCl (Sectral) Propanolol (Inderal)

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ANTIDYSRHYTHMIC DRUGS Class III Prolong Repolarization Adenosine (Adenocard) Amiodarone (Cardarone) Bretylium Tosylate (Bretylol)* Class IV Calcium Channel Blocker Verapamil HCl (Calan)* Diltiazem (Cardizem)

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ANTIDYSRHYTHMIC DRUGS Others Phenytoin (Dilantin) Digoxin (Lanoxin)