Nhng Th Thut AutoCAD Hay

Nhng Th Thut AutoCAD Hay Mo Chn i Tng Bn ang cn chn mt i tng nm pha di mt i tng khc, bn lm nh th no? c mt cch rt n gin: khi chn bn nhn thm ctr, pick 1 ln nu trng ri th thi, nu cha trng th pick thm ln na n s chn xoay vng cc i tng nm ti 1 v tr cho n lc i tng bn chn l th bn nhn phm space (enter hoc phi chut). Bn ang bt mt lc nhiu la chn osnap, v th khi bn di chut n gn i tng, thay vo bt theo cch bn mong mun, AutoCAD li chn kiu snap khng ng? bn ch cn nhn phm tab chc nng osnap s thay i xoay vng cho n kiu bn mun th thi. Mo Khi Dng Fillet Mt s ngi khi dng lnh fillet, ch yu dng vt hai i tng vo nhau (radius=0). Nn khi ang fillet vi mt bn knh khc, h mun bin radius v 0 th li dng tham s R ri g vo 0. Khi mun quay tr li bn knh ang lm th li lm li. khc phc iu ny, AutoCAD cho bn chc nng gi SHIFT, lnh fillet s mc nh radius=0, nh ra th bn knh fillet li tr thnh bnh thng. Mo Bt Trung im Bn mun ch nh mt im l trung im ca 2 im khc m khng c i tng no bt midpoint? bn s v mt line i qua 2 im v chn midpoint, sau li xa line ny i?Khng n ni phc tp nh th, khi bn mun xc nh trung im, bn ch cn nhp vo mtp hoc m2p (middle between 2 point), ACAD s hi bn 2 im u mt, th l bn c im gia. Mo Hatch mng hatch, pline c width dy khng che mt cc thng tin hatch, dim. Hy s dng lnh TEXTTOFRONT, lnh ny a ton b text v/hoc dim ln trc cc i tng khc. Lnh ny bt u c t ACAD2005. Mo To Block Nu bn mun to mt anonymous block (l block khng c tn) trong bn v bn ch cn copy cc i tng m bn mun to block bng cch dng t hp phm Ctr+C, sau dng lnh PasteBlock. Vi block to bng phng php ny, bn khng cn phi qun l block (tht ra l khng qun l c). Khi bn xa i tng ny, ACAD t ng Purge cc anonymous block ra khi block table sau mi ln m file. Tham S Ca Zoom Mc nh, tc zoom trong AutoCAD l kh thp, trong khi b con nh ta zoom nhiu hn v. M zoom chm th kh chu. Cho nn dng lnh sau y tng tc ti a (lnh ny khng lin quan n tng tc ha ca phn cng nh ) ZOOMFACTOR = 100 (100 l maximum ri ) T AutoCAD 2006 n 2008 c thm hiu ng, cc bn s bit mnh ang zoom t u . nhng nu khng c tng tc ha, zoom khng mt, h h, hiu ng ny s gy cm gic kh chu V vy tt hn ht l tt bng i, tr li AutoCAD c. Cc bn dng lnh sau: VTOPTIONS Tt b ht 2 dng option trn v ok l xong.

Ch S Trn V Ch S Di Mun nh Text trong Autocad m c m trn hoc di th dng lnh g? V d H2SO4 Lnh MTEXT. Bn mun dng vit ch trn u, bn cho k t m (^) vo cui. Bn mun dng vit ch di chn, bn cho k t m (^) vo u on. Sau t xanh on m bn mun vit km c k t m, ri nhn vo phm a/b trn thanh cng c mtext Lm Th No o Gc Ln Hn 180 ? Vn dng lnh DIMANGULAR nh bnh thng, ch hi khc mt cht l cc bn ng chn gc gia 2 line m bn chn chc nng o gc ca Arc hay gc gia 3 im l c. V d: Command: dimangular (enter) Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: (enter - ng ngha vi chn mc specify vertex tc l ch nh 3 nh) Specify angle vertex: (pick vo im 1 - im gc) Specify first angle endpoint: (chn vo im 2 - nm trn mt cnh ca gc) Specify second angle endpoint: (chn vo im 3 - nm trn cnh cn li ca gc) Specify dimension arc line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: (chn vo im 4 - im m ng dim s i qua) Dimension text = 231 (v d th) Ni cc line, arc, lwpolyline khng chm nhau, bng tnh nng mi ca lnh pline Khi bn mun ni cc line, arc, polyline thnh 1 nhng chng li khng chm nhau? Bn dng tham s Mutiple ngay sau khi s dng lnh pline, sau s dng chc nng join: Command: pe PEDIT Select polyline or [Multiple]: m Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 11 found Select objects: Enter an option [Close/Open/Join/Width/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: j Join Type = Extend Enter fuzz distance or [Jointype] <8.0270>: 5.0 10 segments added to polyline Enter an option [Close/Open/Join/Width/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: Ly Li Ca S Dng Lnh Command Trong ACAD CTRL + 9 Hy Chn i Tng Khi nh Du Chn Nhm Khi chn mt i tng m ta mun hy chn i tng thi m cc i tng khc vn c chn khng phi chn li t u: (rt c ch khi la chn i tng m khng mt cng chn li t u) -Ch li vo i tng v ng thi gi phm Shift Chn Li i Tng Di Chuyn:

Sau khi di chuyn mt i tng n v tr mi, m i tng khng phi l mt block th vic mun chn li i tng di chuyn n v tr mi ngay sau l iu m lm chng ta mt cng nu chn th cng tng i tng, rt may l trong trng hp chng ta c th tin hnh chn nh sau: ta li nh lnh move tip v khi select object th ta nh thng s p lp tc i tng va c di chuyn trc s c chn li ngay lp tc. Lm Ti Li Bn V Bng Lnh Regen Dng cp nht cc thit lp v ng nt hoc hin th, chng hn khi ta t display resolution l 2000 thay cho 100 trc , ng trn v cc nt cong s mt m hn nhng nhn trn bn v m ta vn thy khng c thay i g th ta dng lnh Regen, sau lnh ny ta s thy nhng thay i hin r rng. a ng Dng Vit Bi Cc File Lp Trnh Cho CAD Vo CAD: nh lnh : ap Chn file load , cc file l lsp, dvb, arx, vlx, dbx, fas Ch : ring vi file : m file lsp thy trong dng lnh no c ch defun c: th ch sau defun c: chnh l lnh tt s dng ca ng dng. Cch 2: Tools\Auto Lisp\ load applications Sau tm n file auto lisp load Cch Load Lisp Vo S Dng (-) thay cho vic g phm Enter 1 ln bn g AP (-), n s hin ln 1 ci bng, tm ng dn ti 2 file lisp trn, tick vo load l c th s dng c ri ko phi load li lisp mi ln khi ng cad th tick vo contents (c icon l hnh ci cp), n s x ra 1 ci bng, tick vo add ri tm ng dn ti cc file lisp l ok Cch Ci t Mt Menu Lnh Trn Thanh Menubar Vd: HUONG DAN CAI DAT "FASTCAD" 1. Chep toan bo thu muc "FASTCAD" vao dia cung cua may (O dau? Tuy y.) - Mo file FASTCAD\hamtutao.lsp, chep toan bo noi dung. (ctr+A, ctr+C) - Mo file SUPPORT\acad*doc.lsp. Chuyen con tro xuong gan cuoi file, phai o tren dong co noi dung: "(princ) " - Chep noi dung file "hamtutao.lsp" vao vi tri nay. (ctr+V) Chu y : Noi dung vua chep vao phai o tren dong "(princ) " - Luu file SUPPORT\acad*doc.lsp lai. Dong tat ca cac file lai. 2. Chay chuong trinh ACAD. 3. Chon muc : TOOLS\OPTIONS\FILES\SUPPORT FILE SEARCH PATH. - Chon nut "ADD"- Chon nut "BROWSE"- Sau do chi dan den thu muc "FASTCAD". - Chon nut "OK", "APPLY" 4. Tai dong lenh COMMAND go : "menuload" - Chon file "fastcad.mnu". Nhan nut "OPEN" - Tiep theo chon nut "LOAD", "OK". V Nhiu T L Trong Mt Bn V -Bn mun v nhiu t l trong mt bn v th c th to nhiu kiu t l trong cad, g D ri enter, khung Dimension style manager hin ra, bn click vo ch New, sau thit lp cc thng s, lm tng t nh th to kiu kch thc c t l khc, khi mun dng ci no th click chn ci ri

click vo Current -> Close... Bn to mt kiu style kch thc ring cho n, modify v chnh li s liu ti scale factor ,v d bn scale t l 1/5 (0,2) ,th ban phi in vo scale factor l 5 thay v 1 nh mc nh Lu khi nh ngha kiu kch thc (Dimstyle) cho bn v: -Dng lnh command: d -Trc ht nh ngha kiu kch thc t l 1:1 trc, chng hn c th thit lp l scale factor l 1.00 ( ngha rng mt kch thc trn bn v bng 1 kch thc thc t). -Khi chn thit lp dmstyle cho cc bn v c t l 1:2 th h s scale factor s l 2 ( ngha rng mt kch thc trn bn v bng 0,5 kch thc thc t, do khi v l 1 nhng mun kch thc hin th ng vi kch thc vt tht th trn bn v con s ghi phi l kch thc trn bn v nhn vi 2, v vy t h s nhn l 2). Bn v t l 1/10 s c dimstyle vi h s scale factor l 10. Nu c cn c vo ngha nh vy th ta d dng thit lp c thng s scale factor cho cc bn v tng t nh vy vi cc dimstyle ca cc bn v c t l khc. V d: T l 1:1 scale factor l 1.0, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:2 scale factor l 2, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:10 scale factor l 10, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:20 scale factor l 20, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:50 scale factor l 50, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:100 scale factor l 100, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:400 scale factor l 400, c ch l 2.5 C th t t l theo cch nh ngha khc: V d: T l 1:1 scale factor l 100, c ch l 250 T l 1:2 scale factor l 50, c ch l 250 T l 1:10 scale factor l 0.10, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:20 scale factor l 0.20, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:50 scale factor l 0.50, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:100 scale factor l 100, c ch l 2.5 T l 1:400 scale factor l 400, c ch l 2.5 Ghi Mt ng Kch Thc Lin Tc Vi Cc ng Kch Thc Khc Dng lnh : Dimcontinue (dco) Chn mt ng kch thc c sn m bn nh ni tip vo , nh vy bn phi c t nht mt ng kch thc sn c. La Chn V Chnh Sa Nhiu i Tng Cng Lc DNG LNH Quick Select: a. Cng dng: Tm nhanh v la chn nhng i tng m bn mun (Lnh ny rt nhiu cng dng kh lit k ht c, ni chung anh em th ci s bit ngay... Theo c nhn BKMetalx m ni th y l mt lnh cc k hay y). b. Command : Trn toolbar => Tools => Quick Select (hoc nhn Alt => T => K) > xut hin hp thoi Quick Select nh sau: => Cng nh lnh Find trc tin l "la chn vng i tng" m ta cn tm, bng cch bm vo "phm vung nh" bn phi > la chn vng min cn tm i tng > nhn chut phi quay li hp thot Quick Select => Tip n, ti Object type ta chn kiu i tng m cn tm ( y mnh chn i tng l Multiple; cc bn cng c th tm vi Mtext ; Line ....

=> Ti Properties bn chn mt trong nhng la chn a ra (v d: chn mu i tng cn tm, chn layer cn tm, chn chiu dy...v..v) Mnh chn Color > chn tt c cc i tng c Color (mu sc) m mnh mun chn... => Gi nguyn la chn =Equals => Ti Value > bn c th chn mu sc cho i tng cn tm => Bm OK vy l ta chn nhanh cc i tng m mnh mun(cc gi tr khc gi nguyn, cc bn c th tm hiu thm nhng ci ) => sau khi la chn tt c cc i tng c mu sc nh vy bn s lm g?... Bm CTRL + 1 => vo Properties => tha h chnh sa i tng theo bn nh.... * Mt s cng dng ca Quick Select: -Bn c th dung Quick Select thay i mt layer m bn mun trong mun vn layer trong bn v => rt nhanh phi khng? -Bn c th i tt c mu sc mt i tng trong rt nhiu mu sc => rt tin phi khng? -Bn c th tm tt c cc Mtext c cao Heigh = 100 i thnh 200 => rt th v phi khng? DNG LNH FILTER y l mt lnh rt hay, n b tr rt nhiu cho chng ta trong qu trnh chnh sa bn v. N gip chng ta lc cc i tng cn chn mt cch nhanh nht. NG DNG: y l mt lnh dng b tr cho cc lnh khc. V d bn mun xa tt c cc ng kch thc chng hn, quy trnh lm nh sau: -Command: G E <Enter> -Select Objects: G fi <Ch c du nhy trc ch fi> <Enter> -Trn mn hnh hin th mn hnh Objects selection -Trong mc Select filter bn n vo nt tam gic v chn Layer (V tt c nt kch thc c v bng lp Kich thuoc). -Sau khi chn layer bn nhn tri chut vo nt Select, hin th ln tn tt c cc lp c khai bo trong bn v. Bn ko con tr xung v n tri chut vo Kich thuoc, ri nhn Ok. -Quay lai ca s Objects selection, bn n tri chut vo nt Add to list, s thy dng Layer = Kich thc pha trn (Kt thc vic chn i tng lc). -Tip theo n qu trnh lc i tng: Bn n tri chut vo nt Apply gc di bn phi n hin ra mt vung cn di dng lnh hin th cu nhc >>Select Objects = Chn i tng Cc bn cn chn vng lc i tng. Nh hnh di vng chn chnh l hnh ch nht mu trng. Khi tt c i tng c c v bng lp Kich thuoc s c chn. -Di dng lnh vn hin th Select Objects: Bn n Enter 2 ln lin tip thc hin lnh xa tt c cc i tng lp Kich thuoc. *KT QU: -In n khng b m. Vn : Lm sao plot bn v ra ng nu cc khong offset t mp giy n khung khng ng th va xu m bn v li khng ng t l na.? - Khi vo lnh in, chn Properties ca my in --> Device and Documents Setting --> User-defined Paper Sizes & Calibration --> Modify Standard Paper Sizes (Printable Area) --> chn kh giy v bm Modify hiu chnh khong cch canh l ph hp. Cn in b lch c l bn qun nh du chn Center the plot khi in - Li l do khi in bn plot to scale trng thi fix to paper. Nu bn mun khung tn ca bn cch ng nh bn mun bn phi xc inh ng t l bn v bn cn in v in vo trng thi custom. v d bn mun in kh giy A3 vi t l 1/1000 , trc ht bn v khung 297x420 . Sau bn

v khung tn cch l theo bn trong khung va v . (v d mp tri khung cch giy 20mm th bn ng khung tri cch mp tri khung A3 ng 20 unit) . bn phi chn Center the plot -Sau trong plot to scale bn chn custome v nh t l 1mm = 1 unit . V Khung Tn ng Tiu Chun VN : Khi hon thin bn v chng ta phi t khung tn cho chng. Lm sao khung tn va ng tiu chun, t l theo cc kh giy khc nhau. Mi ngi hy chia s cch t khung tn i. CCH S DNG: +copy ci file tvcn.dwg vo Support +load lisp +lnh l bv ch l s th t bn v n nhy y khi mun sa cc ci khc thuc khung tn, bn dng lnh BE, chn khung tn http://www.cadviet.com/upfiles/mhpro.rar VI CI LISP N GIN NY, BN C TH TO RA 1 CI # PH HP VI KHUNG TN CA BN +DNG LNH ATT CHO CC BIN TRONG KHUNG TN +KHAI TRIN CI LISP CA MINH chc bn thnh cng!!! Phi ni thm rng, vi cch ca ti, sau khi v rt nhiu bn v, bn c th lm 1 mc lc bn v(s th t v tn) ch trong 10' V Cc ng Song Song Nhanh Dng lnh Mline (ml) - Khong cch gia cc ng , chn ty chn Scale , nhp vo khong cch ca cc ng ta mun v. nh s th t bng lnh Tcount, ca Express Tools -Nhiu khi chng ta cn phi sa tng text mt in cc s theo th t tng dn. Chng hn phi in chui D1, D2, D3, D4,...D1000 theo th t tng dn ca trc Y. nu sa bng tay th rt lu. Lnh Tcount ca Express Tool cho php chng ta lm iu ny. Command: tcount Chng trnh s cho bn chn i tng Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 5 found Select objects: -Chng trnh hi bn sp xp cc i tng theo chiu tng trc x, trc y hay theo th t lc bn chn cc i tng Sort selected objects by [X/Y/Select-order] <Y>: -Chng trnh hi bn s u tin m bn nh, s gia m bn cho vo. V d 2,-1 s nh cc s: 2, 1, 0, -1, -2, ... Specify starting number and increment (Start,increment) <2,-1>: -Chng trnh hi bn cch nh s vo text: Overwrite - ghi lun vo text, Prefix - vit thm vo pha trc, Suffix - vit thm vo pha sau, Find&replace - Thay nhng cm t c ch nh bng cc text s ny. Placement of numbers in text [Overwrite/Prefix/Suffix/Find&replace..] < Find&replace>:

-Nu bn chn Find&replace, my hi thm c t m bn mun ch nh. Enter search string <kts>: -V cui cng chng trnh thng bo c bao nhiu i tng text c sa 5 objects modified. a Ta Thc T Ca GPS Vo Ta Ca Bn V CAD Trong Cng Tc Lm Bnh Trc ht, chng ta quy c h GPS l [Ex, Ny] v h to CAD l (x, y). C 3 bc cn thc hin lm iu ny: 1. a 2 h v cng n v: Tc l h GPS l mt th unit trong bn v cng l mt. Kim tra iu ny bng cch tnh khong cch gia 2 im bt k c to GPS v so snh vi khong cch gia 2 im trong CAD bng phng php L=sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy). Nu cha bng nhau th phi scale bn v CAD ln cho bng (thng thng th s khng phi scale hoc phi scale 1000 ln, v h GPS theo mt, cn bn v CAD thng c v bng milimt hoc mt). 2. Xc nh tm v hng ca h GPS theo bn v hin hnh: Bn ly 3 im bt k c to GPS tng ng. V d l A(xa, ya), B(xb, yb), C(xc,yc) v c to trong GPS l A[Exa, Nya], B[Exb, Nyb], C[Exc, Nyc]. Bn v 3 im A' B' C' trong khng gian CAD theo to c c ca GPS. tc l c to A'(Exa, Nya), B'(Exb, Nyb), C'(Exb, Nyb). V mt k hiu Xoy ti ng trc 0,0. S dng lnh Align, chn 3 im A', B', C' v k hiu xOy, sau ln lt pick A', A, B', B, C', C. Ta s thy im A' trng vo A, B' trng vo B, C' trng vo C v k hiu xOy b vng sang mt v tr khc. 3. To mt UCS mi cha h to GPS: Dng lnh UCS tham s 3(point) ln lt pick vo im gc O ca k hiu v 2 im trn trc X v trc Y. H to UCS hin hnh chnh l h GPS c a vo bn v. Bn c th dng lnh ID xc nh to GPS ca mt im bt k trong bn v. Mun lu h to ny, bn dng lnh UCS vi tham s S(ave) ri lu li bng 1 tn mi. Lc mun dng li th s dng lnh UCS vi tham s R(estore) v nhp tn lu vo. Phng php trn a h to GPS vo bn v hin ti, tc l khng thay i bn v, ch thay i gc to v hng trc. Ngc li, mun a cc i tng bn v v h GPS th ch cn lm 1 bc ngc li vi bc 2, tc l Align ton b bn v sao cho cc im ABC trng vi A'B'C' v khng cn dng bc 1 v bc 3, lc ny h to World chnh l h to GPS. Mt S Cch Chn i Tng Trong CAD 1. Chn i tng bng pick chut 2. Chn i tng nm trong ca s chn bng cch pick chut t tri qua phi mn hnh (windows) hoc dng tham s W 3. Chn i tng nm trong v trng vi ca s chn bng cch pick chut t phi qua tri mn hnh (crossing) hoc dng tham s C 4. Chn tt c cc i tng: dng Ctrl+A 5. Chn i tng theo ng zigzag tu : dng tham s F 6. Chn i tng nm trong ca s a gic tu : dng tham s WP 7. Chn i tng nm trng v trong ca s a gic tu : dng tham s CP 8. Chn i tng c v cui cng: dng tham s L 9. Chn i tng chn trc: dng tham s P 10. Gi Ctrl bt i tng (Object Cycling) Trong lc v nhiu khi c nhng i tng ln nhau. Bn c th chn ln lt chng bng cch gi

Ctrl ri pick chut vo ch c nhiu i tng ln nhau. lc CAD s bt ch Cycle on. Khi bn c th b Ctrl ri pick chut bt k ch no trn mn hnh. Cc i tng ln lt s c chn. Khi chn c i tng cn chn bn phi chut hoc enter kt thc lnh. 11. Chn thm v b chn i tng: Dng Shift l thun tin nht, hoc dng tham s A add thm i tng, tham s R b bt i tng chn 12. Chn i tng bng Quick Select: Tool>Quick Select 13. Chn i tng theo bng Filter (lc i tng) tham s Fi. 12 v 13 dng nhng c im nhn dng chung chn i tng. Nu dng quen s thy rt hu ch Cch chn i tng bng lnh FI ( Filter ) V d trong 1 bn v c rt nhiu loi i tng nh lnh FI. Trong khung Selection Filter. Chn Circle/ And to List / Apply Quay li ca s chnh ca CAD, ta chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v/ Ok. Gi th FI lc ra ch selec cc CIRCLE trn bn v thi ! Ging lnh filter, nhng c bit hn: Bn cn phi nht ra trong bn v nhng i tng text c cha mt cm t nht nh, lm th no? Hy dng lnh find c bn ca AutoCAD, cch dng: - Gi lnh find ti dng lnh. - Ti bng lnh, g dng ch cn tm ti phn text find string. - Ti phn search in, click vo phm c biu tng hnh vung v con tr chut chn cc i tng. - Cad s quay tr li mn hnh chnh bn chn i tng. y bn g All chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v. G xong th g enter. - Tr li bng lnh Find and Replace, bn s thy phm Select All c t mu en (trc n c mu xm - disable). Hy click vo phm Select All ny. - Cad s ng bng lnh v cc i tng cha dng ch cn tm s c la chn (high light). Cng vi dng ch trn ca s text: "AutoCAD found and selected xxx objects that contain yyy" vi xxx l s i tng c chn v yyy l cm t bn va nhp. Nu khng c i tng no tho mn, cad s thng bo:"AutoCAD found and selected 0 objects that contain yyy". ----M rng sang lnh vc khc 1 cht. Vi Architectural Desktop 6-7: Vi iu kin l khng tt chc nng chut phi (mi ngi quen dng chut phi thay phm Enter nn a s tt b chc nng rt hay ca chut phi, nu khng tt s hin menu rt c ch). Khi chn 1 hoc 2 hoc mt s i tng lm mu: chut phi s hin dng Similar selection. Chn dng ny s select cc i tng ging hoc gn ging vi cc i tng ta chn lm mu. Chut phi c bit hu ch i vi ADT khi iu chnh cc i tng. V gn nh l tt c cc ty chn hiu chnh i tng u nm trn menu chut phi.

Trim and Extend Hai lnh ny c mt s iu c bn nhng kh th v, khng bit mi ngi bit cha? - Khi dng lnh trim, chn i tng cht xong, n lc chn i tng cn cht, nhn phm Shift s tr thnh lnh extend. v ngc li. Tht ra, AutoCAD hng dn rt k: Select object to trim or shiftselect to extend nhng khng my ai .

- Dng tham s f (fence) lc dng lnh hi object to trim/extend s cht/dui c nhiu i tng cng mt lc. Ngoi phim F nu mun bit c nhng cch la chn j khc na th th n lnh move , sau n mt lot k t cho li , n hin ra ht VD: move _ Enter aaaaa_enter (Su tm) /... kt qu hin ra cc cch la chn Trong trng hp bin extend b ngn, ng cn extend phi ra ngoi bin c th tham s ny cng tit kim c thi gian Lnh Trim cng hon ton tng t, cc bn cng c th dng tham s e dng ng ny ct ng kia mc d chng khng giao nhau. To V Chn Khi ( Block) Trong khi thc hin cc bn v c nhng chi tit thng xuyn phi s dng n, nhng nu mi ln cn s dng n ta li phi to ra hoc sao chp t mt bn v khc vo th rt mt thi gian thay v phi thc hin thao tc ta ch cn to ra cc chi tit mt ln ri thc hin lnh to khi cho cc i tng. Khi cn s dng n cc chi tit ta ch cn thc hin lnh Insert chn khi vi t l bt k. 1. To khi ( lnh block) - Draw/Block/Make... - Command: Block, B Xut hin bng hi thoi ta thc hin nh sau: Nhp tn cho khi vo mc Name Nhy chut vo mc Select Objects chn i tng cn to khi. Select objects:chn i tng cn to khi. Select objects:chn tip i tng cn to khi hay nhn Enter kt thc vic la chn. Nhy chut vo mc Pick point< xc nh im chn cho khi. Specify insertion base point: nhp ta im chun chn cho khi. OK. * Tnh cht ca khi. - nu khi c to trn lp khng ( 0) th khi chn s c tnh cht ca lp hin hnh "ng nt, mu sc, rng nt in ...", nu khi c to trn lp khc lp khngth khi chn s gi nguyn tnh cht ca lp to ra n. - Khi chn nu t l chn theo trc X m m ( mang gi tr m VD; -1) th khi s i sng vi trc song song vi trc Y v ngc li. 2. Chn khi ( lnh Insert ) - Insert/Block... - command: Insert, I Enter Xut hin bng hi thoi Insert ta thc hin nh sau: Nhp tn ca khi cn chn vo mc Name (thng thng ta nhy chut vo mi tn ti s xut hin danh sch v chn tn khi cn chn). Nhp t l chn cho khi vo mc Scale. X: Y: Z:

Nhp gi tr gc xoay cho khi vo mc Rotation. OK. Specify insertion point or [Scale/X/Y/Z/Rotate/PScale/PX/PY/PZ/PRotate]: nhp ta im chn cho khi. * Cch tnh t l chn VD: ti c mt Bu long c kch thc 20 v cao l 6, by gi chn ra vi kch thc 20 v cao 8 ta s ly kch thc cn chn chia cho kch thc thc t. ( 8/6 = 1.33333 ) 3. Chn khi ti cc im chia a, Chn khi ti im chia bng lnh Divide Khi thc hin lnh chn khi ti cc im chia bng lnh Divide lnh s chn chn vo cc im chia cc nt im, v chn thm khi. - Command: Divide, Div Enter Select object to divide: chn i tng cn chia. Enter the number of segments or [Block]: B Enter Enter name of block to insert: bu long ( Nhp tn ca khi cn chn ) Align block with object? [Yes/No] <Y>: (c xoay khi theo chiu ca i tng hay khng). Enter the number of segments: 6 ( Nhp s on cn chia ). b, Chn khi ti cc im chia ( lnh MEASURE). - Command: MEASURE, me Enter Select object to measure: chn i tng cn chia. Specify length of segment or [Block]: B Enter Enter name of block to insert: bu long (Nhp tn ca khi cn chn) Align block with object? [Yes/No] <Y>: c xoay khi theo chi ca i tng hay khng. Specify length of segment: 50 Nhp chiu di on cn chia. Kha File CAD Rt hay ngi khc khng lm g c file cad ca bn - t thuc tnh Allow Exploding trong lnh BEDIT v No. khng explode c. - Bn tt chc nng in ca layer cha i tng trong bng lnh LAYER. khng in c. Lu l ch dng cho cad 2006 tr i. Lnh Standards Trong AutoCAD - Lm Bn V Tr Nn Chun Hn Bn c th to mt file tiu chun nh ngha nhng thuc tnh thng dng duy tr tnh thng nht trong cc file bn v ca bn. Standards nh ngha mt tp hp cc thuc tnh thng dng cho tn i tng nh layer v text style. Tng quan v lnh Standard. Bn c th to mt file tiu chun nh ngha nhng thuc tnh thng dng duy tr tnh thng nht trong cc file bn v ca bn. Standards nh ngha mt tp hp cc thuc tnh thng dng cho tn i tng nh layer v text style. Bn hoc ngi qun l CAD ca bn c th to, thc thi v hiu chnh tiu chun trong bn v m bo thng nht. Bi standards cho php d dng cho ngi khc c bn v, standard cn c bit hu ch trong mi trng hp tc, ni m nhiu c tnh ring bit ca cc nhm gp phn to nn mt bn v. Tn i tng kim tra Standards. Bn c th to tiu chun cho cc tn i tng theo: . Layers

. Text style . Linetypes . Dimension styles File Standards Sau khi bn nh ngha tiu chun, bn lu chng nh l 1 file standard. Bn c th gn kt file tiu chun vo 1 hoc nhiu file bn v. Sau khi gn kt file tiu chun vi file bn v, bn nn kim tra bn v nh k chc chn n ng tiu chun. Standards Audit Works (cng vic hiu chnh tiu chun) l th no? Khi bn kim tra mt bn v xem c vi phm tiu chun khng, mi tn i tng ca kiu c ch nh phi c i chiu vi file tiu chun gn vi bn v. V d, mi layer trong bn v phi c i chiu vi cc layer trong bn v tiu chn. Mt s hiu chnh tiu chun khng bao gm hai vn sau: . Mt i tng c tn khng tiu chun c t vo mt bn v c kim. V d, mt layer c tn WALL c mt trong bn v nhng khng c bt c mt file tiu chun nh km no. . Mt i tng c t tn trong bn v khp vi tn ca mt trong cc file tiu chun, nhng thuc tnh ca n khc nhau. V d, trong bn v layer WALL c mu vng, nhng file tiu chun ch nh mu layer WALL l mu . Khi bn sa cc i tng c tn khng chun, i tng khng chun s c loi b lm sch bn v. Bt c mt i tng trong bn v no c lin kt vi cc i tng khng tiu chun s c thay bng cc i tng tiu chun m bn ch nh. V d, bn sa layer khng tiu chun, WALL, v thay n bng tiu chun ARCH-WALL. Trong v d ny, chn Fix trong hp thoi Check Standard chuyn ton b i tng t layer WALL sang ARCH-WALL v purge layer WALL khi bn v. Standards Plug-Ins Qu trnh chnh sa s dng standards plug-ins, cc ng dng chiu theo cc nguyn tc c nh ngha cho thuc tnh s ln lt kim tra tn i tng. Layer, dim style, linetype v text style, mi th c kim tra trong mt plug-in khc nhau. Bn c th ch nh cc plug-ins s dng cho qu trnh kim tra vi phm tiu chun bn v. Autodesk hay mt nh pht trin th 3 c th thm plug-in kim tra thm cc thuc tnh khc ca bn v. Tt c cc plug-in kim tra ton b thuc tnh cho mi tn i tng ngoi tr plug-in layer. Nhng thuc tnh layer di y c kim tra khi s dng plug-in layer: . Color (mu) . Linetype (kiu nt) . Lineweight ( dy nt) . Plot style mode (ch in) . Plot style name (tn plot style khi bin PSTYLEMODE c t v 0) Cc thuc tnh layer di y s khng c kim trong plug-in layer: . On/Off (tt/bt) . Freeze/Thaw (ng bng/ r bng) . Lock (kha) . Plot/No Plot (in / khng in) Standards Settings (thit lp tiu chun) Rt nhiu thit lp c ch cho ngi qun l CAD trong hp thoi CAD Standards Setting. y l hp thoi c th truy cp bng cch click vo Setting trong hp thoi Check Standards v Configure

Standard. Hp thoi Configure Standard CAD Standards toolbar: Tools menu: CAD Standards Configure Command entry: standards Gn kt bn v hin hnh vi bn v tiu chun v lit k plug-in s dng trong kim tra standard. Check Standards: M hp thoi Check Standards. Settings: hin th hp thoi CAD Standards Settings, Cho php ch nh cc thit lp thm cho hp thoi Configure Standards v Check Standards. Hp thoi Configure Standards cha hai tab di y: . Standards . Plug-ins Tab Standards Hin th thng tin v bn v tiu chun c gn kt vi bn v hin hnh. Standards Files Associated with the Current Drawing (File tiu chun c gn vi file hin hnh) Lit k tt c cc file tiu chun c gn kt vi bn v hin hnh. thm 1 file, click vo Add Standards file. loi b mt file tiu chun, click Remove Standard File. Nu c xung t gia cc tiu chun trong danh sch ny (v d, nu 2 file tiu chun cng ch nh layer cng tn nhng khc thuc tnh), file tiu chun c hin th pha trn s c chn. thay i v tr cc file tiu chun trong danh sch, chn n v click vo Move Up hay Move Down. Bn c th s dng menu tt add, remove hay sp xp li cc file. Add Standards File (Thm file tiu chun) :Gn file tiu chun vo bn v hin hnh. Remove Standards File (loi b file tiu chun): B file tiu chun t list. (B file tiu chun ra khi danh sch khng ng ngha vi vic delete n nhng c th b gn kt ca n khi bn v hin hnh d dng). Move Up (Dch ln): Di chuyn file standard ln 1 nng trong danh sch. Move Down (Dch xung): Di chuyn file bn v xung mt nc trong danh sch. Description (m t) Cung cp thng tin tng qut v file tiu chun ang c chn trong danh sch. Bn c th thm ghi ch v tit cho m t bng cch m file DWS v s dng lnh DWGPROPS. Trong hp thoi Drawing Properties, click vo tab Summary. Tab Plug-ins Lit k v m t cc plug-in tiu chun c ci t trong h thng hin ti. Mt plug-in tiu chun c ci t cho mi tn i tng nh ngha tiu chun (layer, dimention style, linetype v text style). Trong tng lai, hy vng cc ng dng th 3 s c th ci t c cc plug-in thm. Plug-ins Used When Checking Standards (Cc Plug-in c s dng khi kim tra tiu chun) lit k cc plug-in trong h thng hin ti. Bn c th ch nh plug-in no c dng hiu chnh bn v bng cch chn plug-in trong danh sch ny. Description (M t) cung cp thng tin tng qut v cc plug-in ang c chn trong danh sch. Hp thoi CAD Standards Settings CAD Standards toolbar: Tools menu: CAD Standards Configure Command entry: standards or checkstandards Ch nh cc thit lp thm cho hp thoi Configure Standards v Check Standards. Notification Settings: t la chn cho cnh bo v vi phm tiu chun. Disable Standards Notifications: tt chc nng cnh bo cho vi phm tiu chun v khi khng tm thy file tiu chun.

Display Alert upon Standards Violation: t cnh bo cho vi phm tiu chun trong bn v hin hnh. Mt cnh bo s c hin th khi bn vi phm tiu chun. Cnh bo cho cho bn bit bao nhiu i tng khng tiu chun m bn to hay hiu chnh trong khi sa bn v. Mi cnh bo c hin th, bn c th chn sa hay khng sa tiu chun vi phm. Khi bn v s dng script hay Lisp, cnh bo s khng hin th cho ti khi script hay lisp hon thnh. (Bin h thng STANDARDSVIOLATION) Display Standards Status Bar Icon (hin th biu tng thanh trng thi tiu chun) Hin th mt biu tng trong thanh trng thi khi bn mi mt file gn vi file tiu chun v khi bn to hay hiu chnh cc i tng khng tiu chun. (Bin h thng STANDARDSVIOLATION) Check Standards Settings (Thit lp kim tra tiu chun): t cu hnh cho sa vi phm v b qua li. Automatically Fix Non-standard Properties (T ng sa cc thuc tnh khng tiu chun). Chuyn qua li gia sa t ng hay khng cc i tng phi tiu chun nu c mt ngh sa. ngh sa xut hin khi mt i tng phi tiu chun c tn trng vi tn ca i tng tiu chun, nhng khc thuc tnh. Trong trng hp ny, thuc tnh ca i tng tiu chun c p vo i tng phi tiu chun. Checking Complete (Kim tra hon tt) hin cnh bo tng s i tng vi phm trc v sau khi t ng sa. La chn ny c t cho mi h thng v p cho ton b bn v c kim trn h thng. Show Ignored Problems (Hin vn b b qua): Chuyn i gia hin th hay khng hin th vn c nh du nh l b qua. Nu la chn ny c check, cc vi phm tiu chun c nh du s b b qua khng hin th trong qu trnh hiu chnh bn v hin hnh. Preferred Standards File to Use for Replacements Cung cp mt danh sch file standard iu khin la chn mc nh trong danh sch Replace With trong hp thoi Check Standard. Khng cn quan tm ti thit lp ny nu mt s thay th ngh c tm thy (y l s thay th ci trc mt du kim), n lun c chn lm mc nh. Nu khng c mt s ngh thay th no c tm thy khi file tiu chun (DWS) c chn trong hp thoi CAD Standards Setting, la chn mc nh trong danh sch Replace Width s c thay th vo mc u tin trong cc file tiu chun. Nu ch ny c t v None, v khng c mt ngh thay th no c tm thy, khng c mc no c thay trong danh sch Replace With.
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