steel efficiency neutral axis (rectangular and T-beam) shape factor (S.F.

) nominal shear stress (Vn) nominal shear strength (VC) minimun area (stirrupps) ratio of volume (spiral reinforcement) design moment reinforcement ratio modulus rupture (fr) spacing (stirrup) lateral strain bulk modulus (K) shear modulus wind pressure impact stress shear capacity tearing capacity (steel) maximum bearing capacity bending moment (steel) cover plate thickness shearing stress (steel) factor of safety (column) mohr's circle diameter stress modulus elasticity tensile and torsional stress (steel) thickness (circular pipe, web member, cover & base plate) factor of safety internal pressure concentrated load (could carry) ultimate uniform load (coould carry) shear center (steel web) euler stress (pin connection) capacity of column bearing capacity maximum & allowable tensile capacity safe axial tension load allowable section modulus of the composite deflection allowable capacity (welded steel) ultimate uniform load (could carry