1 (EN 391)

5017610832

5017680124

2/2552

EN 391 1

.....................................................................................................................A
............................................................................................................. 1
..................................................................................................... 1
........................................................................................... 2
................................................................................... 2

....................................................................... 3
.................................................................................. 4
............................................................................................ 5
............................................................................................... 5
................................................................................ 6

......................................................... 7
.................................................................... 9
(Anaerobic Digestion) .......................... 10
...................................................... 11
................................................................................... 11
Dry continuous anaerobic fermenter Hi-solid ............... 12
(Fixed Dome) ............................................................. 13
(CSTR) ................................................................. 16
......................................................................................................... 19

1.
2.

,
, , , ,

21

(60-70 % )

2552 15 41,240
2551 . 8,900 21
15,560 38
16,780 41
17,645 43
2552 3.5
23 (
2552) 90 7
3
2552 3.1 ( 2551 20,000
) 2.4 ( 77) 0.7
( 23) ( )
70

(Biogas)

3
1. (Acid Former Bacteria)
2. (Methane Former Bacteria)
3. (Sulfate Reducing Bacteria, SBR)

(acid former bacteria)
:
Psudomonas, Flavobacteria, Aerobactor Escherichia
(methane former bacteria)
:
Methanobacterium, Methanosarcina, Methanococcus Methanobacillus
(sulfate reducing bacteria, SBR)
: (H2S)

1 (Hydrolysis)

2 (Acidogenesis)

(Acitic Acid) (Propionic Acid)
(Valeric Acid) (Lactic Acid)

(Acetogenesis)
3 (Methanogenesis)
(CO2)
(H2) (Methane Former Bacteria)
2 70%

6.8-7.2

(Anaerobic Digestion)
1.

2.

3. ()

(CH4) 50-70 %
(CO2) 30-50 % (NH3),
(H2S) (H2O)


(N) (S)
C, H, O, N, S -------------------> CH4 + CO2 + NH3 + H2S + H2O

A/F

CH4
(Cp)
(P)

21 MJ/m3 ( 60 %)
25 cm/s
6.19 m3a/m3g
650 C
600 C
1.6 kJ/m3 - C
1.15 kg/m3

1. (Temperature)
4-60
2. - (pH) - pH
6.6-7.5 pH
3. (Alkalinity) -
1,000 - 5,000 /
(CaCO3)
4. (Nutrients)
C:N C:P 25:1 20:1
5.

(Inhibiting and Toxic Materials)

6.

7. (Biogas Plant)

Biogas 1 ..

1.20 -

LPG

0.46

A 0.55

0.60

0.67

1.50

3
1.

Blower
2. /

/

/

2.1
60-70 %


2.2 100 %


30 kw
2.3 100 %

10-25 kw
2.4 ()

200 kw
Synchronous Generator

4
(Generator)
(Induction Motor)

3. (Cogeneration System)

/
/

/

1 : /

20 30 %

15 %
35 % 70 %
2 : /



/
3 : /
4 : /
(Absorption Chiller)

LPG


(Burner)
(Direct Heating)

1. (Aerobic Digestion)

Organic Matter + O2

CO2 + H2O + NO3- + SO42- + Organic matter + Energy

2. (Anaerobic Digestion)
Organic Matter

CO2 + H2O + CH4 + NH3 + H2S + Organic matter

+Energy

10

(Anaerobic Digestion)
1.
-
-
-
-
(Conventional Anaerobic Composting)
-

-

- (Co-digestion)

2.
- (Net Energy Producer)
-

1.
2.
3. N, P
4.
5.
6.
xenobiotic compounds hlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons lignin
7. -

11

1.
2.
3.
4. ()

1.

2.


2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8

1. Dry continuous anaerobic fermenter
2. (Fixed Dome)
3. (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor
:CSTR)

12

Dry continuous anaerobic fermenter Hi-solid

(Dry continuous anaerobic fermenter Hisolid )

1/30


60 %

1.
- (CO2)
- (CH4)

30-40 %
60-70 %

2.

5-6
LPG

1 ..
0.7
1.25 Kw.
3
0.46 Kg.

3. 5500-6500 Kcal.
(1 Kcal. 1 1 C.)

13

Dry continuous anaerobic

fermenter
: (Anaerobic)

Liquifaction

Hydrolysis
Acidification

Methanogenesis

(Fixed Dome)



fixed domed (Fixed
Dome) 5 12, 16, 30, 50 100

14

1. (Mixing Chamber)
2. (Digester Chamber)



3. (Expansion Chamber)




4. (Storage Tank and Sand Bed Filter)

15

1 Fixed dome

2 Fixed dome

16

fixed Dome
-
-

fixed Dome
-
-
-
-

(CSTR)
(Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor)
(Completely mixed)
(Ideal Reactor)

Conventional Anaerobic Digester

(Septic Tank) Paddle (Screw) Gas
Diffuser


(Solid Retention Time) (Hydraulic Retention Time )
CSTR
(High Concentration)
(Toxic Wastewater)

17

CSTR

(CSTR)
:
89 . 5 . . . 71190

: 120

400 /

: 220-350 .

18

80 ..

: 35 ./ ( 100 ../)

: ( LPG ) 4
:
: 40 ./ 680 /
250,000 , 220-350 /

:
:
:
100%
:

() : 3-5

19

J. Biswas, R. Chowdhury and P. Bhattacharya. (2006). Mathematical modeling for the
prediction of biogas generation characteristics of an anaerobic digester based on
food/vegetable residues. Biomass and Bioenergy Volume 31, Issue 1, January 2007
, Pages 80-86
,
(online).Available:http://www.ist.cmu.ac.th/riseat/teenet/btc/introbiogas02.php [2009,December 20]
.. 2551,
(online).Available: http://www.thaibiogas.net/th/biogas [2009,December 24 ]
,() -(online).Available:
http://www.energybase.net/biogass.html [2009,December 26]
Pollution Control Department,
2552(online).Available:http://www.pcd.go.th/Public/News/GetNewsThai.cfm?task=lt2009&id=16172
[2010,January 15]

20