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WHAT IS RESISTANCE

FACTOR AFFECTING RESISTANCE

RELATIONS BETWEEN FACTORS AND RESISTANCE
RESISTIVITY

Length
Cross Sectional Area, A

Type of material
Temperature

Resistance is the measure of how much a conductor resists the flow of electric current. If the RESISTANCE of a substance is SMALL, then it is a GOOD CONDUCTOR but if the RESISTANCE of the substance is HIGH, then it is a GOOD INSULATOR.

A special electrical component for resistance is called resistor.

Resistor is made from metal or alloy with high resistance such as eureka and constantan.
Carbon is also a good resistor.

An adjustable resistor is RHEOSTAT

RESISTAN CE
ADVANTAGE

Disadvantage

Causes some of the electrical energy to turn into heat

Resistances allows us to use electricity for heat and light.

So some electrical energy is lost along the way if trying to transmit electricity through conductor

In a light bulb, the current flowing through a resistance filament causes it to become hot and glow

R is directly proportional to its length, I

R is inversely proportional to its cross sectional areas

R of a wire depends on the material it is made from.

R generally increases with temperature

FOR CONDUCTOR OF THE SAME MATERIAL AND CROSSSECTIONAL AREA, THE RESISTANCE, R IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO ITS LENGTH, I RI THIS MEANS THAT DOUBLING THE LENGTH DOUBLES THE RESISTANCE

FOR CONDUCTORS OF THE SAME MATERIAL AND LENGTH, THE RESISTANCE R IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO ITS CROSSSECTIONAL AREA, A

THIS MEANS THAT DOUBLING THE CROSS SECTIONAL AREA HALVES THE RESISTANCE

RESISTIVITY
The proportional constant, is called RESISTIVITY of the conductor.

Depends on the material of the conductor. So it can be determined if the resistance of the specific dimensions of the conductors is known.

RESISTIVITY

A = cross sectional area of the conductor = length of the conductor R = the resistance of the conductor

RESISTIVITY
Materials with relatively SMALL RESISTIVITY, have SMALL RESISTANCE and hence GOOD CONDUCTOR of electricity.

Materials with relatively LARGE RESISTIVITY, have LARGE RESISTANCE and hence POOR CONDUCTOR of electricity.