3.1. Mch in hnh 3.

4 l mch np in cho in dung

C=20F, dng ngun mt chiu E=100V no qua in tr
R=5 K bng cch ng cu dao K ti thi im t=0.
1. Tm uC(t), uR(t), i(t) v v th ca chng bng 2
cch
a) Lp v gii phng trnh vi phn.
b) Phn tch theo cng thc (3.7).
2. Ti sao phi np cho C qua R? (Thay R bng dy
dn c c khng?)

C
Hnh 3.4

3.2. Cho mch in hnh 3.5 vi L=0,5H, R=100 v ngun mt

chiu E=50V. Ti thi im t=0 kho K c ng li. Tm uL(t),
uR(t), i(t) v v th ca chng.

R
L

3.3. Mch in gm hai cun cm mc ni tip c in tr v

in cm tng ng l R1, L1 v R2, L2, c ng vo ngun
Hnh 3.5
mt chiu U=300V ti thi im t0=0. Bit: hng s thi gian
cat mch =0,01s, in p trn 2 cc ca cun th nht ti thi im t0=0 l
U1(0)=200V, in p trn 2 cc ca cun th hai ti thi im t1=0,02s l
U2(t1)=186,5V, gi tr ca dng in khi xc lp l 10A. Hy xc nh cc thng s
mch R1, L1 v R2, L2.

R1 i 1(t)

3.4. Mch in hnh 3.6

c R1=20, R2=18 ,
R3=30, C 66,67 F.
Ti thi im t =0 ngi
ta ng kho K. Tm
i1(t), i2(t), i3(t) v uC(t),
bit E=44V,UC0=0

K i

i3(t)

uC(t)

R3

R2

i1

L
R1

i2

R2

i 2(t)
Hnh 3.7

Hnh 3.6

3.5. Trong mch in

hnh 3.7 bit ngun mt chiu E=140,4V, R=24; R1=18, R2=12, L=0,65H. Tm
cc dng in trong cc nhnh ca mch v in p trn in cm sau khi ng kho K
ti thi im t=0, bit iL(0)=0.
3.6. Mch in hnh 3.8. c R0=R=10, ngun mt chiu E=100V, kho K c ng
ti thi im t=0. Tm gi tr ca in cm L, bit in p trn cun dy l U C ti thi
im t1=0,04s c tr s UC(t1)=60V.
K
R0

i 1(t)

R
L

Hnh 3.8

i 2(t)
K

UC
E

i 1(t)

R1

R2

Hnh 3.9.

E1

R1

i 3(t)

i 2(t)
C1

iK(t)

R3
R2

C2
E2

Hnh 3.10.

81

3.7. Mch in hnh 3.9. c R1=R2=10 , L=100 mH, ngun mt chiu E=100V. Ti
thi im t=0 kho K c ng li, sau 1s kho K c h ra. Tm biu thc ca cc
dng in i1(t), i2(t), iK(t) v v th ca chng.
3.8. Mch in hnh 3.10 c cc ngun mt chiu mt chiu E1=30V, E2=12V,
C1=500F, C2=200F, R1=10, R2=15, R3=9 . Ti thi im t=0 ngi ta h kha
K. Tm cc dng in i1(t), i2(t), i3(t) v cc in p uC1(t), uC2(t), v th ca chng;
bit rng trc khi h kho K mch xc lp.
3.9. Cho mch in hnh hnh 3.11 vi ngun hnh sin e(t)=Emsin (100t+e ). Ti thi
im in p ngun chuyn qua gi tr cc i dng th kho K c ng li. Tm
biu thc dng in sau khi ng kho K bit R0=R=10, L=0,1H v trc khi ng
kho K th Ampe k ch 2 5 A.
3.10. Ngi ta ng mch RL mc ni tip vo ngun hnh sin e(t)=Emsin(t+e) ti
R1

R0
K
e(t)

i 1(t)
R
L

Hnh 3.11

i 2(t)
K

iK(t)
Hnh 3.12.

i (t)

1 2

R2

+
_

Hnh 3.13.

thi im t=0. Bit rng khi xc lp th in p trn in cm l:

uL(t)=120 sin314t [V] v R=XL=10. Hy xc nh i(t) v uR(t).
3.11. Mch in hnh 3.12. c ngun hnh sin bin Em=100V, tn s gc
=314rad/s, bit R1=4; R2=2, L1=9,57mH, L2=15,9 mH. Ti thi im ngun t
gi tr dng cc i th kho K c ng li. Xc nh cc dng in v v th
thi gian ca chng.
3.12. Ngi ta ng in dung C vo ngun 1 chiu E=200V qua in tr R. Bit hng
s thi gian ca mch l =0,25s, dng in ti thi im ng mch i(0)=0,04A.
a) Tm biu thc ca uC(t)
b) Tm gi tr ca R v C.
3.13. Mch in hnh 3.13 c C=1000F, R=50. Ti thi im t=0 kho K c
chuyn t v tr tip im 1 sang 2. Bit nng lng C np c ti thi im t=0 l
WE(0)=5 Jun. Hy xc nh
a) uC(t), i(t).
b) Khong thi gian m mt na nng lng c bin thnh nhit nng.
3.14. T in C=5F c np in t ngun mt chiu U=200V qua in tr R=5K.
Hy xc nh:
a) Nng lng np trong t khi t np y.

82

b) Nhit nng tiu hao trong qu trnh np.

3.15. Mch in hnh 3.14. c R1=R2=R3=1, C=1F. Hy xc nh hng s thi gian
ca mch trong 2 trng hp:
a) Ngun tc ng l ngun in p.
b) Ngun tc ng l ngun dng.

R1
C

C
R3

R2

Ngun

Hnh 3.14

i1

C
E

R1

R2

iC

R2

Hnh 3.17

Hnh 3.16

Hnh 3.15

R1

3.16. Mch in hnh 3.15. c ngun mt chiu E=150V, R1=75; R2=25; C=80F.
Ti thi im t=0 kho K c ng li, sau 1s kho K c h ra.
Tm biu thc uC(t), iC(t) v i1(t) v v th thi gian ca chng.
3.17. Mch in hnh 3.16 c R=10, C=100F, kho K c ng ti thi im t=0
vo ngun 1 chiu E. Bt tc bin bin thin cc i ca nng lng in trng l
pC(t)max=250 [VA] (Von-Ampe). Hy xc nh:
a) i(t), uC (t)
b) Nng lng v in tch in dung c np.
c) Nng lng tiu hao trong qu trnh np.
3.18. Mch in hnh 3.17. c E=150V, L=20mH, C=133,3F, hng s thi gian ca
cc nhnh 1=1 ms; 2=2ms. Xc nh cc dng in sau khi ng K.
3.19. Mch in hnh 3.18 c e(t)=60 2 sin(1000t+e)[V], R=R1=20,
L=40mH,
C=50F. Ti thi im ngun chuyn qua gi tr khng th kho K h ra. Hy xc nh
iL(t) v uC(t).
R
L
e(t)

R1

Hnh 3.18

R
C

e(t)
C

L
Hnh 3.19

i1
R1

i2
C

i3
R2

Hnh 3.20

3.20. Mch in hnh 3.19. c e(t)=200sin(1000t+e)[V], R=50, L=50mH, C=20F.

Ti thi im ngun t gi tr dng bng gi tr hiu dng th kho K h ra. Hy xc
nh iL(t) v uC(t).

83

3.21. Cho mch in hnh 2.20 vi ngun mt chiu E=150V, R=R1=R2=10,

C=40F. Kho K ng ti thi im t = 0.
a) Lp phng trnh vi phn c trng cho mch vi cc bin khc nhau: i(t), i1(t), i2(t)
v uC(t).
b) Tm i(t), i1(t), i2(t) v uC(t).
3.22. Cc mch in hnh 2.21 c cc in tr v in dung c tr s ging nhau, trong
a)

b)

c)
C

C
C

d)

R
R

Hnh 3.21

mch hnh 2.21a c hng s thi gian =1ms. Hy xc nh hng s thi gian ca cc
mch cn li.
3.23. Mch in hnh 3.22. c ngun mt chiu E=80V, R=R2=10, R1=5, L=0,2H.
Ti thi im t=0 kho K c ng li. Tm cc dng in trong mch bng c hai
phng php kinh in v ton t Laplas, bit iL(0)=0.
3.24. Mch in hnh 2.23 c kho K c ng li ti thi im t=0. Tm cc dng
in trong mch bng phng php ton t; bit e(t)=100sin314t[V] v uC(0)=0.
K
R

i
L
R1
i1

i2
R2

5 i
1
e(t)

Hnh 3.22

i(t) M

318 F

Hnh 3.23

R1

i2
R3
10

N
L1

R
C

R3
Hnh 3.24

L2

_
+
e(t)

C
Hnh 3.25

3.25. Mch in c np vi i(0)=2A, uC(0)=5V c chiu nh trn hnh 3.24. Tm

biu thc uMN(t) v uC(t), bit R1=1 , R2=2 , R3=1, L1=2H, L2=1H, C=1F. 1
3.26. Trong mch in hnh 3.25, kho K c ng ti thi im t=0. Tm i(t) v u C(t),
bit C=144F, L=2,82mH, R=4, e(t)=100sin(314t-340).
3.27. Mch in hnh 3.26 c E=100V, R=10, R1=20, L=10mH, C=100F. Khi mch
xc lp th kho K c ng li. Hy xc nh cc dng in trong mch.
3.28. Trong mch in hnh 3.27 in dung C=50F c np sn n gi tr 100V c
chiu nh k hiu trong hnh. Hy xc nh cc dng nhnh v in p trn in dung C
1

Bi tp trn lp ngy 09/3/2007

84

sau khi ng kho K (ti thi im t=0), bit R=25, L=166,7mH, cc ngun mt
chiu E1=100V, E2=200V
K

i1

i3

R1
+
_
E

+ - i

i2

Hnh 3.26

i2

i1

E1

iC

E2

e(t)

Hnh 3.27

iL

Hnh 3.28

3.29. Cho mch hnh 3.28.

1. Lp phng trnh vi phn c trng cho mch vi cc bin s l i, i1, i2 v uC.
0 khi t 0
,
2. a) Cho tc ng l ngun e(t)=
cho quan h L=4R2C. Tm biu thc
- t
E
e
khi
0

t
0
tc thi ca i(t).
b) Cho E0=100V, =100/s; L=0,25H, C=100F, R=25. Tm uC(t) v v th ca
n.
3.30. Kho trong mch in hnh 3.29 c ng khi mch trng thi xc lp. Tm
cc dng in trong mch v in p trn C sau khi ng kha K, bit E=100V, R=50,
L=58,75mH, C=100F.
3.31. Mch in hnh 3.30 c E=100V, R=40, L1=L2=0,3H, M=0,1H, C=250F. Khi
t np y ngi ta chuyn kho K t v tr tip im 1 sang tip im 2. Hy
xc nh cc dng in trong mch.
K

L
i

iC
C

K
iR
R

1 2
+
_ E

i1
R

L1

C
Hnh 3.29

Hnh 3.30

i2

i1

L1

L1

i1

i2
L2

Hnh 3.31

*
E

e(t)

i2
L

R
Hnh 3.32

3.32. Mch in hnh 3.31 c e(t)=80sin(100t+900)[V], R=20, L1=L2=L=0,2H,

M=0,1H. Xc nh cc dng in sau khi ng kho K ti thi im t=0, bit rng trc
mch xc lp.
3.33. Trong mch in hnh 3.32 bit ngun mt chiu E=120V, R=60, L=0,2H,
M=0,1H. Khi mch xc lp kho K c ng li. Xc nh cc dng in trong
mch.

85

3.34. Mch in hnh 3.33. c E1=240V, E2=120V, R=60, L1=L2=0,2H, M=0,1H.

Xc nh cc dng in sau khi ng kho K ti thi im t=0, bit rng trc mch
xc lp.
3.35. Cho mch in hnh 3.34. Hy xc nh phng trnh c trng ca mch. Phng
R
K

*
i1

L1

L2
R

E1

i3

L1

i2

L2

* i1

Hnh 3.33

i3
R1

e(t)

E2

u(t)

Hnh 3.34

10V

R2

t x =12,5 mS

i2
Hnh 3.35

t
mS

Hnh 3.36

trnh ny c bao nhiu nghim ? Cc nghim ny c th nm u trn mt phng

phc khi ta thay i cc thng s mch.
3.36. Hy lp phng trnh vi phn cho mch hnh 3.35 vi bin s l bin l i 2(t) v
xc nh cc gi tr i1(t), i2(t), i3(t) ti thi im t=(+0)
3.37. Cho mt xung vung in p hnh 3.36 tc ng ln mch mch RC ni tip c
R=500, C=10F. Xc nh i(t),uC(t), uR(t) v v th ca chng.
3.38. Xung vung hnh 3.36. tc ng ln mch RL ni tip vi R=50;
Xc nh i(t),uL(t), uR(t)v v th ca chng.

L=0,25H.

3.39. Mt xung in p rng ca hnh 3.37 tc ng ln cun dy c L=0,1H in tr

tn hao r =10. Tm biu thc gii tch ca dng in v tnh gi tr ca n ti cc thi
im t1=0,02s, t2=0,03s.
u(t)

u(t)

100 V

u(t)

20 V

0,02
0

Hnh 3.37

0,01

t
0

0,01

0,005

Hnh 3.38

-100 V
Hnh 3.39

3.40. Mch in c R=200 mc ni tip vi C=100F chu tc ng ca xung in p

c quy lut hm m hnh 3.38.:
khi t 0
0

0 t 0,005 s
u(t)= 100 e100 t khi
0
khi 0,005 s t

Tm i(t), uC(t).

86

3.41. Mch in c R=100 mc ni tip vi C=100F chu tc ng ca mt xung

vung in p u(t) c 2 cc tnh hnh 3.39. Tm
a) i(t), uC(t) v v th ca chng.
b) Nng lng tiu tn trong khong thi gian tn ti ca xung.
c) Quy lut bin thin ca in tch q(t) tch trong C.
3.42. Mch in c R=10, L=100mH mc ni tip, chu tc ng ca dy xung vung
di v hn c cao E=50V, rng v rng ca xung nh nhau: t R=tX=5mS (tc
chu k T=2tX) - Hnh 3.40. Tm quy lut bin thin ca dng in i(t) v v th ca
n.
E

tX

tR

t
T

Hnh 3.40

u(t)

tX

Hnh 3.41

3.43. Mch in c R=100, C=100F mc ni tip, chu tc ca dy xung

rng ca di v hn tun hon c cao E=200V, tX=0,01s -Hnh 3.41. Tm quy lut
bin thin ca in p uC(t) v v th ca n.
3.44.
Mch
R
a)
in
hnh
3.42a
c
C
u(t)
R=1K,
C=1F; chu
u(t)
tc ng ca h
dy 4 xung
vung in p
hnh 3.42b),
2
3
5
6
t
c cao 0
Hnh 3.42
T
h=20V, chu k
lp
T=3ms,
rng ca
xung tX=2ms. Tnh in p uC(t) v v th ca n.
X

b)

11

t [mS]

87

3.45. Mch in hnh 3.43a) chu tc ng ca 2 xung in p rng ca

hnh
3.43. b). Bit R=200, R1=300; C=8,333F. Tm biu thc ca in p uC(t).
3.46. Tc ng ln mch n hnh 3.44 a) l ngun xung dng in hnh sin tun hon
a)

b)
u(t) [V]
20

u(t)

R1

Hnh 3.43.

[mS]

di v hn hnh 3.44b) vi chu k th nht c biu thc gii tch:

0 Khi t 0

i 0 (t ) 2. cos10 6 t [ A ] khi 0 t t X 6,2832 mS;

0 khi t t T 3t
X
X

Xc nh iL(t) v uC(t), bit R=10K, L=0,1mH, C=10nF, T=2tX.

i 0 (t)

a)

i0(t)

b)

i L(t)
t

u(t)
tX

Hnh 3.44.

3.47. Trong mch in hnh 3.45 bit E=24V. Sau khi ng kho K dng in nhnh
chnh l i(t)= 16 - 4e-1,5t[A].
a) Hy xc nh biu thc tng tr ton t ca mch.
b) Cc thng s ca mch.
3.48. Cng trong mch in hnh 3.45 bit E=12V, i 2(t)=4+2e-15t. Hy xc nh cc
thng s ca mch.

88

K
i

R
R1

E
L
Hnh 3.45

i2
R2

K
R1
L

e(t)

R2

R3

e(t)

Hnh 3.46

i2

C
Hnh 3.47

3.49. mch in hnh 3.46. bit e(t)=1- e-10t[V]. , kho K c ng li ti thi im

7
7
7
t=0, in p trn C l uC(t)= e10t e20t e50t [V]. Hy xc nh cc thng s
4
3
12
R, L, C ca mch.
3.50. Mch in c R=2K, C=10F mc ni tip, c ng vo ngun s:
e(t)=100e-100t. Hy xc nh in p uC(t) bng 3 phng php:
a) Bng phng php ton t.
b) Bng phng php tch phn Duhamel
c) Bng phng php tch phn bc Green.
d) V th ca in p ny.
3.51. Mch in hnh 3.47 c R1=R2=20; R3=30, C83,33F c ng vo ngun
e(t)=128te-100t[V] ti thi im t=0. Hy tm dng in i2(t) trong mch bng:
a) Phng php tch phn Duhamel.
b) Phng php ton t.

Li Gii - p s - ch dn
3.1. Hnh 3.48.
1. a) Phng trnh nh lut Kickhop 2:
du
uR+uC=E. Chn bin s l uC th i= C C .
dt
duC
duC
T c R. i+uC=R C
+uC=E hay
+uC=E
dt
dt

C
Hnh 3.48

89

Trong =1/RC=1/=

1
10 [1/s]
5.10 .20.10 6
3

Nghim l:
t
dt
dt
uC e [ C E e dt] et [ C E e dt]
t

uC(t)

i(t)

0,95E

uR(t)
0,05E

e [ C E e ] E Ce
0 t
t
V uC(0)=E+C=0 (y l iu kin ban u) nn
Hnh 3.49
C=-E uC(t)=E(1-e-t)=100(1-e-10t)
u (t ) E
T uR(t)=E-uC(t)=Ee-t=100e-10t; i(t)= R e t =0,02e-10t hay tnh
R
R
duC E t
e =0,02e-10t[A]
i(t)= C
dt
R
th cc i lng hnh 3.49.
b) Theo cng thc 3.7. th uC(t)=Ae-t +B
H s theo (3.8) th =1/RtC=1/RC=10[1/s] v Rt=R (khi ng kho K v cho
ngun tc ng bng 0). Khi t th uC()=B=E v lc mch ch mt chiu
khi C np y n in p bng E. Khi t=0 th uC(0)=A+B=A+E=0 nn A=-E v
uC(t)=E(1-e-t)= 100(1-e-10t)
2. Nu khng mc R th ti t=0 c uC(0)=0 nn ngun b chp qua t C gy hng
ngun.
XL

3.2.
3.3.

i(t)=0,5(1-e-200t) [A];uL(t)=50e-100t [V] ; uR(t)=50(1-e-100t). [V]

R1=10 ; L1=0,2H ; R2=20 ; L2=0,1H

3.4.
T mch hnh 3.50 a) ngt b C, nhn t 2 im va ct vo mch khi cho
ngun tc ng bng 0 s c mch hnh 3.50b).T c:
20.30
1
1

500 [1/s]
Rtd R2 (R1 // R3 ) 18
30 ;
R td C 30 .66,67 .10 6
20 30
u tin tnh dng i1(t)=Ae-500t+B;
E
50
i1 ( t )
i () B

1, v khi mch ch mt
t
R1 R3 20 30
chiu xc lp, khng c dng mt chiu qua C.
E
50
i 1 (t )
i 1 (0) A B

1,6 , v khi t=0 th

t 0
R1 R2 // R3 20 11,25
uC(0)=0 nn C thay bng dy dn (hnh 3.50c).
A=1,6-B=0,6 nn
i1(t)=0,6e-500t+1
[A]

90

R1 i 1(t)

uC(t)

a)

b)

c)

R1
C

i 3(t)
R3

R2

R1 i1(t)

i 3(t)
E=0

R3

R2

R2

R3

i 2(t)

i 2(t)
Hnh 3.50

Cc dng khc c th tnh tng t, tuy nhin nn p dng cc nh lut c

bn tnh qua i1(t) s nhanh hn:
uR1(t)=R1i1(t)=12e-500t+20[V]; uR3(t)=E-uR1(t)=-12e-500t+30[V]
u (t )
i R 3 (t ) R3 0,4e500 t 1 [ A ] ; iR2(t)=iR1(t)-iR3(t)=e-500t.[A]
R3
uC (t ) uR3 (t ) R2 i 2 (t ) 30 30 e500 t 30 (1 e500 t ) [ V ]
C th kim tra gi tr uC(t) theo cng thc:
t
t
t
1
1
e500t
500 t
i
(
t
)
dt

u
(
0
)

e
dt

30(1 e500t ) [V]

R2
C

6
6
C0
66,67.10 0
500.66,67.10 0
3.5. Hnh 3.51
R1
i (t ) 0,6e40 t 4,5 ;
K

i R2 2,7 1,2e40t [ A ];
40t

i R1 1,8(1 e

40 t

u L (t ) 46,8e

3.6. L=0,5H

i1

) [ A]
. [V]

L
R1

i 1(t)

i2

i 2(t)

K
E

R2

Hnh 3.51

iK(t)

Hnh 3.52.

3.7. Hnh 3.52.

Cha ng K: Mch xc lp vi dng mt chiu:
E
100
I 0 i 1 (0) i 2 (0)

5A ; iK=0. y l trng thai khi im ca mch

R1 R 2
20
Khi ng K: Mch
[V]
gm 2 phn c
a)
b)
10
lp nhau, nhng
R1
to thnh 2 dng
iK(t) i1(t)
1
i2(t)
dng i qua kho
i (t)
R2
K. Hnh 3.53a)
5
K
Mch
bn
i2(t)
i1(t) =i2(t)
E
L
tri gm R1 v E
iK(t)
l mch thun tr
nn:
Hnh 3.53

[s]

91

E 100

10 A ;
R1 10
Mch bn phi l s phng in t do ca L qua R2:
R
10
i R 2 t i L (t ) Aet ; 2 2
100 ; i R 2 t Ae100 t ;
L
0,1
-100t
V i2(0)=5 nn A=5 i2(t) =5e . Khi t=1s th i2(1)0;
iK(t)=i1(t)-i2(t)=10-5e-100t
Khi h K mch li c i1(t)=iL(t)=iR2(t) bin thin theo quy lut hm m nn
i R1

i1(t)=iL(t)=i2(t)=Be-1(t-1)+C= Be 2000( t 1) C;
C I XL 5 A ; i (1s) i L (1s) 0 B 5 n n i (t ) 5(1 e2000( t 1) );
th hnh 3.53b)
3.8.Mch cho trn hnh 3.54a):
Tm iu kin ban u, tc tm UC1(0) v UC2(0): Trc khi h kho K mch
ch mt chiu xc lp, khng c dng qua C1 v C2 nn s tng ng c dng
hnh 3.54.b).
Gii mch mt chiu tm c i1(0)=1,44A; i3(0)=0,4A, i2(0)=1,44-0,4=1,04A
UC1(0)=UC2(0)=UR2(0)=1,05.15 =15,6V.
i 1(t)

a)

C1

b)

i1(0)
i 3(t)

i 2(t)

E1

R1

R3
R2

C2
E2

E1

R1

c)

i 1(t)
i2(0)

i3(0)
R3

C1

R2
E2

R1

i 3(t)

i 2(t)

E1

R3
R2

C2
E2

Hnh 3.54

Sau khi h kho K: Mch tch l hai phn c lp nhau (hnh 3.54.c):
10.15
1
6; 1 =
Phn mch bn tri: R td R1 // R 2
333 [1/s]
25
6.500.10 6
E1
30
i1(t)=A1e-333t+B1; i 1 (t )
i 1 () B1

1,2
t
R1 R 2 25

i 1 (t )

t 0

i 1 (0) A 1 B1

E U C1 (0)
1,44 ; A 1 0,24; i 1 (t ) 0,24e333t 1,2
R1

[A]
uR1(t)=R1i1(t)=2,4e-333t+12[V];
uR2(t)=uC1(t)=E1-uR1(t)=18-2,4e-333t[V]
u (t )
i 2 (t ) R2 1,2 0,16 e333t [ A ] ; i C1 (t ) i 1 (t ) i 2 (t ) 0,4e333t A
R2
1
555 ,5 ; i3(t)=A2e-555t+B2.
Phn mch bn phi: R td R 3 9 ; 2
R 3 C2

92

i 3 (t )
i 3 (t )

i 3 () B 2 0 v dng 1 chiu khng qua c C2.

i 3 (0) A 2

t 0

U C2 (0) E2
0,4 ; i 3 (t ) 0,4e555 t [A]
R3

3.9.

Hnh 3.55.
V ngun chuyn qua gi tr max dng ti t=0
nn e=900, tc e(t)=Emsin(100t+900)[V]
Xc nh iu kin ban u: tc iL(0)=?
Dng xc lp hnh sin khi cha ng kho K:

R0
R
K

.
0
e(t)
L
0
0
E m ej 90
Em
E
E
Im

ej 90 m ej 63,43 ;
Z 20 j100 .0,1 20 j10
10 5
A
Lc ny Ampe k ch ga tr hiu dng nn:
Hnh 3.55
E
I
2 5 [ A ] ; E 100 [ V ] ; Em 100 2 [ V ]
10 5
Trc khi ng kho K dng in c biu thc:
i(t)= 2 5 . 2 sin(100 t 63,43 0 ) 2 10 sin(100 t 63,43 0 ) iu kin ban u l
IL0=5,66A
Biu thc ca ngun: e(t)=100 2 sin(100t+900)[V]
+Sau khi ng kho K:
i=it do+icng bc=itd+iCb
.

.
.

0
Em
100 2 j 900 100 2 j (900 450 )
I mCb

e
10ej 45 ; i Cb 10 sin(100t 450 )
R jX L 10 j10
10 2

i td

R
t
me L

Ae100t

i (t ) me100t 10 sin(100t 450 ) ; i (0) 5,66 m 10 sin450 ; m 5,66 10

i (t ) 1,4e100t 10 sin(100t 450 )

3.10.

314 t

i (t ) 12 e

2
1,4
2

[A]

12 sin(314 t 90 0 ) ; u L (t ) 120 (sin 314 t e314t )[ V ] ;

u R (t ) 120 e314 t 120 cos(314 t ) [ V ]; e(t ) 120 2 sin(314 t 45 0 )] [ V ]

3.11. Hnh 3.56.
R1
i L 2 (t ) 6e125,7 t
i 1(t)
i 2(t)
i 1 (t ) 10 e418t 20 cos(314 t 37 0 )

i K (t ) i 1 (t ) i 2 (t )
418t

125,7 t

10 e
6e
20 cos(314 t 37 )
3.12. a)uC(t)=200(1-e-4t)
b)R=5 K ;C=50 F.
3.13. Hnh 3.13.
a) uC(t)=uR(t)=100e-20t; i(t)=2e-20t;
0

iK(t)

R2

Hnh 3.56.

93

b) WR(t)=5(1-e-40t) ;t117,33 mS.

3.14.

a)u C 200(1 e40t ); U C n p u C () 200V ; WE 5.10 6

200 2
0,1 Jun;
2

40t

b)u R 200e

200 2 e40t
e80t
80t
80t
; p R (t )
8e ; WR 8e dt 8
0,1 Jun
5000
80 0
0

3.15. a)Ngun in p: R td 1,5; 1,5

b) Ngun dng: R td 2; 2 s

Mch in hnh 3.57.

3.16.

Sau khi ng kho K, v ngun l l tng nn:

C dng c lp qua R1 l i1(t)=E/R1=2[A]
C c np qua R2 theo quy lut hm m

u C E(1 e

1
t
R2 C

) 150(1 e500t )

R2

i1

R1

i2

Hnh 3.57
[V]

duC
[A]
6e500 t
dt
Ti thi im t=1 s th uC(1s)=150(1-e-500)150V (y l iu kin ban u khi h

i 2 (t ) i C (t ) C

K).
Sau khi h kho K:lc C phng in qua R1 v R2 t gi tr uC(1s)=150V theo quy
lut hm m:
1

t
u C (t )
C( R1 R 2 )
150 e125( t 1) [V] ; i 1 (t )
1,5e125( t 1) [ A ] ;
uC(t)=150e
R1 R 2
du
i C (t ) i 2 (t ) i 1 (t ) 1,5e125( t 1) hay C C 1,5e125( t 1) [ A ]
dt
3.17. Mch in hnh 3.58
a) in p np cho t: uC(t)=E(1-e-t) vi
K
1
1

=1000
RC
C
2
2
u
CE
E
WE C C
(1 et ) 2 ;
2
2
R
dWE
2 t
t
pC (t )
C E e (1 e )
dt
Hnh 3.58
E 2 t
E 2 t
t
2 t

e (1 e )
(e e
)
R
R
p (t ) max 250 VA khi p. (t ) 0 (et e2t )' et 2e2t 0
C

94

Hay e t1 2e2t1 0,5 e1000t1 t 1 0,693 .mS;

E 2 0,69
E2
0,69.2
pC MAX 250
(e
e
)
(0,5 0,25 ) E 100 [ V ]
10
10
du
u C (t ) 100 (1 e1000t ) ; i (t ) C c 10 e1000t
td
2
K
E
0,5 Jun
b) WE C
2

2000 t

2
3 e
0,5 Jun
c) WR Ri dt 10
2000 0
E
0
3.18. Hnh 3.59.
i1(t)=7,5(1- e -1000t);
i2(t)=10e-500t;
i(t)=
i1(t)+ i2(t)

L
R1

R2

Hnh 3.59

3.19.

Hnh 3.60.
Trc khi h kho K:
Z L j 40 ; Z C j 20 ;

Z R1CL

j 20(20 j 40)

10(1 j 3) 10 j 30
20 j 20

j 450

Z 30 j 30 30(1 j ) 30 2e

.
.
0
Em
60 2
Im

2ej 45 ;
0

j
45
Z 30 2e
.
.
0
0
U Cm I m Z R1CL 2ej 45 (10 j 30) 63,245e j 26,56

e(t)

R1

Hnh 3.60

.
0
.
0
0
U Cm 63,245 e j 26,56
I Lm

1,4142 e j 90 2e j 90
Z LR 1
20 j 40
u C (t ) 63,245 sin(1000 t 26,56 0 ); u C (0) 28,27 V
i L (t ) 2 sin(1000 t 90 0 ); i L (0) 2
Sau khi h kho K:
- V mt l thuyt th UC gi mi mc -28,27V (m trn ca t l m, m di
l dng). Thc t t s phng in qua khng kh. Thi gian phng tu
thuc vo dn in ( m) ca khng kh.
- Dng phn cn li l iL(t)=Ae-t+B(t).
B(t) xc nh nh sau:
.
.
0
Bm
60 2
Bm

1,5e 45 B(t ) 1,5 sin(1000t 45 0 )

R R1 Z L 40 j 40

95

R R1
1000. ; iL(t)=Ae-1000t+1,5sin(1000t-450).
L
Khi t=0 th iL(0)=- 2 =A+1,5sin(-450)=A-1,5.0,707=A-1,06.A=-0,35
iL(t)=-0,35e-1000t+1,5sin(1000t-450) [A].

3.20. Mch in hnh 3.61.

V khi ngun t gi tr dng bng gi tr hiu
dng th kho K h ra nn:
200
1
u(0)=
200 sin e ; e arcsin
450 hoo 1350
2
2
.
Trc khi h kho K mch ch hnh sin xc lp:
1
Vi L=50mH, C=20 F th 0
1000 rad / s
LC
= nn mch trng thi cng hng:
1
ZR
2R=100
1
1
j C
R
j L

R
C

e(t)
L

Hnh 3.61

.
0
.
.
.
.
E m 200ej 45
j 450
j 450
Im

2e ; U Lm R I m 100e U Cm;
Z
100
.
0
.
0
U Lm 100ej 45
I Lm

2e j 45 ; i L (0) 2 sin(450 ) 2 [ A ];
ZL
j 50
u C (0) 100 sin(45 0 ) 100

2
50 2
2

[V]

Sau khi h kho K:Mch tch lm 2 phn:

Mch bn phi: u c (t ) 50 2e

t
RC

50 2e1000 t

R
t
L

Mch bn tri: i L (t ) Ae B(t ) Ae 1000 t B(t )

B(t) l dng cng bc hnh sin khi mch ch xc lp mi:
.

Em
200ej 45
B

2 2
R j L 50 j 50
.

B(t ) 2 2 sin(1000t )
i L (t ) Ae

1000 t

2 2 sin(1000t )

i L (0) A B(0) A 2 2 sin(0) A 2 i L (t ) 2e1000t 2 2 sin(1000t ) [ A ]

3.21.Hnh 3.62
a) +Bin l uC:
4.10 4 u' c 3u c 150 Hay u' c 0,75 .10 4 u c 37 ,5.10 4 .

96

i '0,75 .10 4 i 75 .10 4 ;

+Bin l i:
i '1 0,75 .10 4 i 1 37 ,5.10 4
+Bin l i1:
+Bin i3: V R1=R2 v mc song song nn dng nh
i1
i ' 2 0,75 .10 4 i 2 0;
+Bin l i2=iC:
7500 t

b) u C 50 (1 e

i
K

i1

) [V]

i 1 (t ) i 3 (t ) 5(1 e7500t ) [ A ]-; i 2 (t ) 15e7500t [ A ]

i (t ) 10 5e7500t

i2
C

R1

i3
R2

[ A]
Hnh 3.62

3.22. Hnh 2.21b: =1,5 mS; Hnh 2.21c: =2mS; Hnh 2.21d: =3 mS;
3.23. Hnh 2.63
a)Phng php kinh in:

R td R 1 R 2 // R 10;

R td 10

50
L
0,2

K
R

i( t ) Ae50 t B;
80
80.15

6;
50
t0
200
10
15
E
80
i (t )
i ( 0) A B

4 ; A 2;
t0
R R 2 20
i ( 0) B

i (t )

i (t ) 2e50t 6

R R1 // R 2

L
R2

R1

Hnh 3.63

[ A ] ; uR (t ) iR 60 20e50t [ V ]; uR2 (t ) E uR (t ) 20 20e50t [ V ]

i 2 (t ) 2 2e50t [ A ];

i R1 (t ) i i 2 4 4e50t [ A ]
10 (5 0,2p) 4p 200

b) Phng php ton t:Z(p)=R+[R1//(R+PL)]= 10

15 0,2p
15 0,2p

I (p)
A1

A
A2
E(p) 80 0,2p 15 4 p 75
.
.
4( 1
)
Z(p) p 4p 200 p p 50
p p 50

p 75
1,5 ;
p 50 p 0
50t

i (t ) 4(1,5 0,5e

A2
50t

) 6 2e

p 75
0,5
p p 50

[ A ];

3.24. Hnh 3.64.

10
10
5

6
1 p.318 .10 .10
1 318 .10 5 p
100 .314
15 0,0159 p
; E(p)= 2
5
1 318 .10 p
p 314 2

i
5 i
1

e(t)

318 F

i2
10

Z(p)=5+

Hnh 3.64

97

I (p)

E(p)
314.100 1 318.10 5 p
314.100 318.10 5 (p 314)
2
.

Z(p) p 3142 15 0,0159p p2 3142 0,0159(p 943)

6280
p2 314

.
2

B p B2
p 314
A
6280(
21
)
p 943
p 943 p 3142

Ap 2 A .314 2 B1 p 2 B1 .943p B 2 p 943B 2 p 314

4
4
943B1 B 2 1
A 6,37.10 ; B1 63,37.10 ; B 2 0,399

A .314 2 943B 2 314

A B1 0

6280(

6,37.10 4 6,37.10 4 p 0,399

)
p 943
p2 3142

i (t ) 6280[ 6,37.10 4 e943t (6,37.10 4 cos314

0,399
sin314t )
314

6280[ 6,37.10 4 e943t (6,37.10 4 cos314 12,7.10 4 sin314t )

4e943t 6280.10 4 (6,37 cos314 12,7 sin314t ) 4e943t 8,922 cos(314t 63,36 0 )

i(t)=-4e-943t+8,922cos(314t-63,360)= 4e-943t+8,922sin(314t+26,640) [A]

Ch : bin i dng cng thc:
a
a
a cosx b sin x a2 b 2 sin(x arctg ) a2 b 2 cos(x arctg 90 0 )
b
b
b
a2 b 2 cos[x arcctg )
a
62800(p 314)
10
1
U C (p) I (p).
2
5
2
5
1 318.10 p (p 314 )(p 943) 318.10 (p 314)
1 9 74 8 420
2
(p 314 2 )(p 943)
B p B4
U (p)
A2
1 974 842
I 2 (p) C
2

23
2
10
(p 314 )(p 943) p 943 p 314 2
A 2 p 2 314 2 A 2 B 3 p 2 943B 3 p B 4 p 943B 4 1 974 842

943B 3 B 4 0
A 2 2; B 3 2; B 4 1885;

314 2 A 2 943B 4 1 974 842

A 2 B3 0

2p 1885
2
2
p 943 p 314 2
1885
i 2 (t ) 2e943t [ 2 cos324t
sin314t]
314
2e943t [ 2 cos324t 6 sin314t] 2e943t 6,32 cos(314t 71,56 0 )
I 2 (p)

i2(t)=2e-943 t +6,32cos(314t+71,560).= 2e-943 t +6,32sin(314t-18,430).

98

I 1 (p) U C (p).pC

19 748 420.318.10 6 p

(p 314 )(p 943)

B5 p B6
2

19 748 420.318.10 6 p
(p 314 )(p 943)
2

6280 p
(p 3142 )(p 943)
2

A3

p 943 p 2 314 2

A 3 p 2 314 2 A 3 B5 p 2 943B 5 p B 6 p 943B 6 6280p

6p 626,8
6
943B5 B 6 6280 A 3 6; B5 6; B 6 626,8; I 2 (p)
2
p 943 p 314 2

2
314 A 3 943B 6 0
626,8
i 2 (t ) 6e943t (6 cos314t
sin314t ) 6e943t (6 cos314t 2 sin314t )
314
943t
6e
6,32 cos(314t 18,430 ) 6e943t 6,32 sin(314t 71,56 0 )
A 3 B5 0

i1(t)=- 6e-943t+6,32cos(314t-18,430)= - 6e-943t+6,32sin(314t+71,560) [A]

Ch : Nu tnh theo cng thc 3.9, tc gii theo kiu BT3.9 s thy n gin
hn nhiu.
3.25. a v s ton t tng ng nh hnh
i(t) M
N
3.65 s c phng trnh:
L
R1 L .i (0) 1
1
C
I (p)[ R1 R2 R3 p(L 1 L 2 ) ]
R3
Cp
uC (0)
p
uC (0)
R
L
L
.i
(0)
3
2
(L 1 L 2 )i L (0)
p
1

L1

L2

Hnh 3.24
t

1
3
1
3
i (t ) 2( e t e 3 ) e t e 3
4
4
2
2

[A]

di 1 3 1 t
u MN (t ) R1 i (t ) L 1
e e ;
dt 2
2

u MN (0) 0

3.26. Hnh 3.66.

e(t)=100sin(314t-340)=100sin314tcos340-cos314tsin340=83sin314t- 56cos314t

E ( p)

314 .83
p 314 2

56p
p 314 2

56p 26062
p 314 2

Mch RLC ni tip:

99

z(p) R pL
282.10

1
1
4 2,82.10 3 p

pC
144.10 6 p

K
R

p2 1,42.103 p 2,46.10 6
p

E( p)
56p2 26062p
355 2

Z( p)
(p 1,42.103 p 2,46.10 6 )(p2 314 2 )
Ap B
Cp D
355 [ 2
2
]
2
p 314
p 1,42 .10 3 p 2,46 .10 6
A C 0

3
A .1,42.10 B D 56

6
3
2
A 2,46.10 B1,42.10 C314 26062
B2,46.10 6 D314 2 0

B 2,89; D 73; C 0,0091; A 0,0091

0,0091p 2,89
0,0091P 73
I (p) 355(
2
)
2
2
p 314
p 1420P 2,46.10 6

e(t)

I ( p)

I (p) 355(

0,0091p 2,89
p 314
2

0,0091P 73
p 1420 P 2,46.10 6
2

Hnh 3.66

i (t ) 4,56 sin(314t 450 ) 17,687e710t sin(1398t 110 )

[A]

u R (t ) Ri 18,24 sin(314t 450 ) 70e710t sin(1398t 110 ) [ V ]

1
56p2 26062p
10 6
355 2
=
.
pC
(p 1,42.103 p 2,46.10 6 )(p2 3142 ) 144p
Hp K
Mp N
2,46 .10 6 [ 2
2
]
2
p 314
p 1,42 .10 3 p 2,46 .10 6

U C (p) I (p)

H1,42.10 3 p 2 H 2,46.10 6 p Kp 2 K1,42.10 3 p K 2,46.10 6

M 314 2 p Np 2 N314 2
H M 0 M H

1420H K N 0

6
2
2,46.10 H 1420K 314 M 56
2,46.10 6 K 314 2 N 26062

H 2,93.10 5 ; K 9,29.10 3 ; N 0,032; M H 2,93.10 5

U C (p) 2,46.10 6 [

2,93.10 5 p 9,29.10 3
2,93.10 5 p 0,032

]
p 2 314 2
p 2 1,42.10 3 p 2,46.10 6

u C (t ) 102 cos(314 t 45 0 ) 92 e710 t cos(1398 t 38 0 ) [V]

100

i1

3.27.Hnh 3.67.
i 1 (t ) i R (t ) 10 7,698 e500 t sin866 t

[A]

500 t

i 2 (t ) 10 15,396 e
sin866 t
i 3 (t ) 7,66 e500 t . sin(866 t 60 0 )

[A]
[A]

i3

R1
+
_
E

i2

3.28. Hnh 3.68.

i (t ) e195t 9e605t =iC(t)

Hnh 3.67
K

195t

i 2 (t ) i L 8 2,88e

605t

2,88e

+ C

L
i2

i1
i 1 (t ) i R (t ) 8 3,88e195t 11,88e605t
3.29. Hnh 3.69.
R
E2
E1
1. Xut pht t cc phng trnh:
du
uR uC e
;i C C c ;
dt
Hnh 3.68
1
u R iR; i i L i C
;
i L u c dt;
L
T chng minh c:
K
i
R
u' c u c
e'
2
n l uC:
u' ' c

RC CL RC
L
i'
1
e"
e
i "
i

n l i:
RC LC R RLC
C
i'
i
e' '
n l i2=iC: i ' ' 2 2 2
CR LC R
Hnh 3.69
1 '
1
e
i1
i1
n l i1=iL: i 1"
CR
CL
CRL
2.Thc hin mt s k hiu qua cc thng s mch t quan h L=4R2C:
1
1 L
1
1
1
2
0
;
R

2 0

2 C 2
RC
LC
1
L
LC
C
C
2
2 C
1
pL
pL
pL
p
pC
Z(p) R
R 2
R
R

2
2
2
2
1
p
LC

1
LC
(
p

)
C
(
p

)
0
0
pL
pc
p
p
RC[( p2 02 )
] R[( p2 02 )
]
2
2
RC(p 0 ) p
R[ p2 20 p 02 ]
RC
RC

;
C(p2 02 )
C(p2 02 )
(p2 02 )
(p2 02 )

e(t ) E0 et e(p)

E0
;
p

101

I (p)

p2 02
E0
p2 02
e(p) E0

Z(p) R (p )(p2 20 p 02 ) R (p )(p 0 ) 2

E0 A
C1
C2
[

]
R p p 0 (p 0 ) 2
Tm cc h s theo cng thc Heviside:
p2 02
2 02
2 02
A 2

p 20 p 02 p 2 20 02 ( 0 ) 2
C2

p 2 02
202

p p 0 0

C1

2p(p ) (p 2 02 )
2 0
d p 2 02
[
]

2
p 0 ( 0 ) 2
dp p p 0
( p )

I (p) [
i (t )

2 02

2 0
2 o2
1
1
1

]
2
2
( 0 ) p ( 0 ) p 0 ( 0 ) ( p 0 ) 2

E0
Aet C1 e0 t C2 t e0 t
R

E0 2 02 t
20
2o2
0 t
[
e

t e0t ]
2
2
R ( 0 )
( 0 )
( 0 )
2
b) Cc thng s mch cho ng vi quan h L=4R C =100 ; E0=100V ;
1
100
o

200; 0 100; ( 0 ) 2 10 4 ; 2 02 5.10 4 ;

4
0,5
0,25.10
2 02 t
20
2 o2
0 t
0 t
e

te

2
2
(

)
(

)
(

)
0
0
0

4
4
4

100 5.10 100 t 4.10 200 t 8.10

te 200 t 4 5e100 t 4e 200 t 8te 200 t

4 e
4
4
25 10
10
10

i (t )

E0
R

20 e100 t 16 e 200 t 32 t e 200 t

uR(t) =Ri(t)=2000e-100t-1600e-200t+3200te-200t
[V]
-200t
-200t
-100t
uC(t)=e(t)-uR(t)= 1600e -3200te -1900e
[V]

3.30. Hnh 3.70. Dng phng php ton t tm c

i(t)=2+4,25e-100tsin400t [A] ; t tm uL, ri tm
uC=e-uL;
iR=uC/R; iC=i-iR
uC(t)=100-103e-100tsin(400t+1040) [V]
iR(t)=2-2,06e-100tsin(400t+1040) [A]
-100t
iC(t)= e [4,25sin400t+2,06sin(400t+1040)]
=4,49sin400t+280)
[A]
bin i iC dng cng thc:A1 sin(t+1)+A2
sin(t+2)=A sin(t+) vi

102

L
i

iC
C

E
Hnh 3.70

iR
R

A sin1 A 2 sin 2
A A 12 A 22 A 1A 1 cos( 2 1 ); arctg 1
A 1 cos1 A 2 cos 2
3.31. Hnh 3.71. Lp h phng trnh ron t cho 2
vng thun chiu kim ng h, tm c:

I V1 (p) I (p) 500

-100t

p
(p 200 p 2.10 )
2

i(t)= 5e sin100t
i1(t)=i2(t)= 2,5e-100tsin100t

[A]
[A]

i2

i1

+ R
_ E

di
di
di
u L1 L 1 M 2 ( L M ) 1 ;
dt
dt
dt
u R (i ) Ri(dt) uC (t ) u R (t ) u L (t )
3.32. Hnh3.72

L1

L1

uC(t)

Hnh 3.71

Tm iu kin ban u:

.
.

Im

0
Em
2 2ej 45 ; i L1 (t ) 2 2 sin(100t 45 0 );
R j L

I L 0 2 [ A]
+Sau khi ng kho K: Chuyn v s ton t tng
ng cn ch n in p ton t h cmM.IL10 nhnh
2. Lp h phng trnh ton t vi 2 vng thun chiu kim
ng h.
(R pL)I V1 (p) pLI V 2 (p) pMI V 2 (p) e(p) L .I L 0

pLI V1 (p) 2pLI V 2 (p) pMI V1 (p) 2pMI V 2 (p)

I L0 M I L0L

i
R
i1

i2

L1

L2

L 1.I L 10
M .I L 10

0,28
1,28 p 96
I V1 (p) 2[
2
]
p 133 ,33 p 10 4

Hnh 3.72

i (t ) i V1 (t ) 0,56e133,33t 2[1,28 cos100t 0,96 sin100t]

0,56e133,33t 3,2 cos(100t 37 0 ) [ A ]

7,5.10 3
2,1.10 3
9,6.10 3 p 0,72
I V 2 (p) 133,33[

]
p
p 133,33
p2 10 4
i V 2 (t ) i 2 (t ) 133,33[ 7,5.10 3 2,1.10 3 e133,33t 10 3.12 cos(100 t 37 0 )]
1,6 cos(100 t 37 0 ) (1 0,28e133,33t )
i1(t)=i(t)-i2(t)=1+1,6cos(100t-370)+0,28e-133,33t [A]

3.33. Mch hnh 3.73.

Gii tng t nh BT3.32 c

i1

L
E

R
Hnh 3.73

i2

103
R

i V1 (t ) 4 2e200t [ A ] i (t )

3.34. Mch in hnh 3.74a.

iu kin ban u:
e
[ A ] i 2 (t )
iL2(0)=E2/R=2A.S ton t tng
2 e200t e600t [ A ] ng hnh 3.74b

200t

i V 2 (t ) 2 e

i 1 ( t ) i V1 i V 2

600t

E1

MI L 20
I V1 (p)(2R Lp) RI V 2 (p) MpI V 2
p

E
RI (p) (R L )I (p) MpI
2 LI L 20
V1
V2
V1

0,2p 240

(120 0,2p)I V1 (p) (60 0,1p)I V 2 (p)

p
Thay s vo s c:
0,4p 120
(60 0,1p)I (p) (60 0,2p)I (p)

V1
V2

(120+0,2p) (60+0,2p)(60+0,1p)2=0,03(p+200)(p+600).
(60 0,2p)(0,2p 240)
1
p
(60 0,1p)(0,4p 120) 24p 7200

p
p
(120 0,2p)(0,4p 120)
2

p
(60 0,1p)(0,2p 240)
0,06p 36
p

24p 7200
I V1 (p) 1
0,03p(p 200)(p 600)
A3
A
A2
800[ 1

]
p p 200 p 600

A1

R
a)
K

L1

i1

E1
p

E2

i3

R
K

*
M.I L 20 i 1

L1

L2
R

I V1

I V2

Hnh 3.74

p 300
p 300
2,5.10 3 ; A 1
1,25.10 3
(p 200)(p 600) p 0
p(p 600) p 200

p 300
1,25.10 3
p(p 200) p 600
2,5
1,25
1,25
I V1 (p) 0,8[

]; i V1 (t ) i 1 (t ) 2 e 200 t e600 t
p p 200 p 600

0,06 p 36
p 600
2
I V 2 (p) 1
2

0,03(p 200 )( p 600 )

(p 200 )( p 600 ) (p 200 )
i V 2 (t ) i 2 (t ) 2e200t

[A]

i 3 (t ) i V1 (t ) t V 2 (t ) 2 e600t [ A ]

L.I L 20
i2

i3

A1

104

i2

E1

b)

L2

E2
p

3.35.Ch dn: Phng trnh c trng hay( phng trnh c tnh) ca mch l phng
trnh nh thc ton t (p)=0(ca h phng trnh lp theo phng php dng mch
vng hoc in th nt).Lc tnh phn ng FK(p) th ngim ca a thc mu s chnh
l nghim ca phng trnh (p)=0.Khi phn tch a thc mu s thnh cc tha s bc
1 v bc 2 dng m s l p-pK=p+K v p2+2ip+i2.V trong mch thc bao gi cng
c tn hao nn i>0v thc t khi t th cc thnh phn t do l A k e k t v ei t
phi tin ti 0.(Xem cc cng thc 6,12-14,16 bng3.1).Ngha l cc ngim thc k phi
l s thc m,cc nghim phc dng
i j 2i 2i i j 2i cng phi c
phn thc m, tc cc nghim phi nm na tri ca mt phng phc.
3.36. Hnh 3.75.

di 22
R R C L di 2
R R2
e
( 1 2
)
( 1
)i 2
2
R1 LC
dt
R1 LC
R1 LC
dt
e(0)
i 2 (0) 0; i 1 (0) i 3 0
;
R1

K
i1

i3
R1

di 2 (0)
di (0) di (0) de(0)
0; 1 3

dt
dt
dt
R1 dt

R2

i2
Hnh 3.75

u(t)

0
9,18 V

tX

10 V
uC(t)
uR(t)

0,82 V
0

10V

3.37. Hnh 3.76.

Hng s thi gian ca mch =RC=500.10-5
=5.10-3s =5mS. H s tt dn ca dao ng:
=1/=200
Trong khong thi gian 0 t tX =12,5mS
uc(t)=10(1-e-t) =10(1- e-200t)[V] ;
uR(t)=10 e-200t[V]
i(t)=0,02e-200t[A] = 20e-200 t [mA] ;
Ti t=tX=12,5 ms = 12,5.10-3 s
uC(tX) 9,18 [V]; i(tX) =1,64 [mA]. ;
uR(tX)0,82 [V].
Trong khong thi gian tX t: l qu
trnh dao ng t do:
uC(t)=9,18e-200(t-tx) [V]uR(t)=- 9,18e-200(t-tx) [V]
iR(t)=-18,4e-200(t-tx)[mA].
th hnh 3.76
3.38.Phn tch tng t nh BT3.37.

tX

-9,18 V

Hnh 3.76

3.39.

khi t 0
0

u(t)= 2000 t [ V ] khi 0 t 0,01s

0
khi 0,01s t

105

Trong khong thi gian 00,01 s: Tc ng l hm tuyn tnh nn s dng phng

php ton t Laplas:
C
C
u(p)
20 000
2000
A
2
2

1 22
Z(p) p (10 0,1p) p (p 100) p 100
p
p

I (p)
A

20 000
p

I (p)

p 100

2; C2

20 000
20 000
200; C1
2
p 100 p 0
(p 100) 2 p 0

2
2 200
2 i (t ) 2 200t 2e100t
p 100 p p

T i t X 0,01 s

[A]

i (0,01) 2 200(0,01) 2e1 0,736 [ A ]

Trong khong thi gian 0,01 s<t

Dao ng t do trong mch vi i(t)=0,736e-100(t-0,01);
i(t1)=0,736e-10,270A; i(t2)=0,736e-20,0996 [A].
3.40.

100(e50t e100t )khi 0 t 0,005 s

e100t 0,5e50t khi 0 t 0,005 s
[
V
];
i
(
t
)

[ A]

50( t 0,005)
50( t 0,005)
17
,
22
e
khi
0
,
005
s

0
,
3444
e
khi
0
,
005
s

3.41.a)
100(1 e100t ) [ V ]
khi 0 t 0,01s; u C (0,01s) 63,2 [ V ]

100( t 0,01)
100 [ V ] khi 0,01s t 0,02s ; u C (0,02s) 40 [ V ]
163,2e
u C (t )
T i t 1 0,01489s c u C (t 1 ) 0

100( t 0,02)
[ V ] khi 0,02s t
40e
u R (t ) u(t ) u C (t )
100e100t [ V ] khi 0 t 0,01s

u R (0,01s) 36,8 [ V ]

163,2e100( t 0,01) V ]

khi 0,01s t 0,02s;

u R (0,02s) 60,2 [ V ]

40e100( t 0,02) [ V ] khi 0,02s t

uC (t) [ V]
63,2

0,01

0,02

t[s]

0,01

0,02

t[s]

-40

uR (t) [ V]
100

e
[ A ] khi 0 t 0,01s;

i (0,01s) 0,368 [ A ]

1,632e100( t 0,01) [ A ]
i (t )
khi 0,01s t 0,02s;

i (0,02s) 0,6 [ A ]

0,4e100( t 0,02) [ A ] khi 0,02s t

100t

40
36,8
0
-60,2

-163,2

Hnh 3.77.

106

 uC(t),uR(t)th hnh 3.77. th i(t) lp li dng uR(t)nhng c t l xch theo

trc tung nh hn 100 ln.
t1 2
t2 2
u
u
b)
WR (t) R dt R dt
0 R
t1 R
c)q(t)=

Cu(t)

3.42.
+Tc ng ca xung th nht:
Trong khong thi gian 05 mS: coi tc ng l bc thang.
i (t ) A 1

R
t
e L

B1 5e100t 5.

T i t 5.10 3 s
i (5.10 3 ) 5e0,5 5 1,9673 [ A ]
Trong khong thi gian 510 mS:l dao ng t do.

i (t ) 1,9673 e100( t 5.10

3 )

T i t 10.10 3 s i (10 2 s) 1,1932.A

+Tc ng ca xung th hai:
Trong khong thi gian 1015 mS: coi tc ng ca xung th 2 l bc thang:

i (t ) A 2 e100( t 10

B 2 ; B 2 5; A 2 B 2

t 10mS

1,1932 A 2 1,1932 5 3,8068

i (t ) 3.8068e100( t 10 ) 5.T i t 15 mS i (15.10 3 s) 5 3,8068e0,5 2,6910 [ A ]

Trong khong thi gian 1520 mS:l dao ng t do.

i (t ) 2,6910 e100( t 15.10

3 )

. T i t 20 mS 2.10 2 s i (2.10 2 s) 1,6321 .

+Trong khong thi gian 2025 mS: coi tc ng ca xung th 3 l bc thang:
i (t ) A 3e100( t 2.10

B3; B3 5; A 3 B3

t 20mS

[ A]

1,6321 A 3 1,6321 5 3,3679

i (t ) 3,3679e100( t 2.10 ) 5.T i t 25 mS i (25.103 s) 5 3,3679e0,5 2,9572 [ A ]

Trong khong thi gian 2530 mS:l dao ng t do.
3

i (t ) 2,9572 e100( t 25.10 ) . T i t 30 mS 3.10 2 s i (3.10 2 s) 1,7936. [ A ]

+Trong khong thi gian 3035 mS: coi tc ng ca xung th 4 l bc thang:
2

i (t ) A 4 e100( t 3.10

B4 ; B4 5 ; A 4 B4

t 30mS

1,7936 A 4 1,7936 5 3,3064

i (t ) 3,2064e100( t 3.10 ) 5.T i t 35 mS i (35.10 3 s) 5 3,2064e0,5 3,0552 A

Trong khong thi gian 3540 mS:l dao ng t do.

107

i (t ) 3,0552 e100( t 35.10 ) . T i t 40 mS 4.10 2 s i (4.10 2 s) 1,8530. [ A ]

+Trong khong thi gian 4045 mS: coi tc ng ca xung th 5 l bc thang:
i (t ) A 5 e100( t 4.10

B5 ; B5 5 ; A 5 B5

i (t ) 3,1470e100( t 3.10

t 40mS

1,8530 A 5 1,8530 5 3,1470

5.T i t 45 mS i (45.10 3 s) 5 3,147e0,5 3,0912 [ A ]

Trong khong thi gian 4550 mS:l dao ng t do.

3

i (t ) 3,0912 e100( t 45.10 ) . T i t 50 mS 5.10 2 s i (5.10 2 s) 1,8749. [ A ]

+Trong khong thi gian 5055 mS: coi tc ng ca xung th 6 l bc thang:

i (t ) A 6 e100( t 5.10

B6 ; B6 5 ; A 6 B6

t 50mS

1,8749 A 5 1,8745 5 3,1251

i (t ) 3,1510e100( t 5.10 ) 5.T i t 55 mS i (55.10 3 s) 5 3,151e0,5 3,1045 [ A ]

Trong khong thi gian 5560 mS:l dao ng t do.
3

i (t ) 3,1045 e100(t 55.10 ) . T i t 60 mS 6.10 2 s i (6.10 2 s) 1,8829. [ A ]

T xungth 7 tr i mch coi nh chuyn sang ch xc lp vi
Imax3,1A;Imin1,9A,c th hnh 3.78b.
u(t)

a)

E
1
0

tX

7
t

tR

i(t)

T
b)

[A]

2,9572

2,6910
1,9673

tX

1,1932

3,0552
1,7936

1,6321

tR

3,0912

1,8530

3,1045
1,8829
1,8749

3,1

Hnh 3.78

1,9

3.43. V tc ng l hm tuyn tnh nn s gii bng ton t:

+Xung th nht tc ng : Xung th nht c phng trnh l u(t)=20 000t.
20 000
u(p)
S ton t tng ng hnh 3.79 a). T :
p2

Z C (p)
I (p)
A1

108

1 10 4

;
Cp
p

Z(p) R

1 100(p 100)

;
Cp
p

A1
C
C
u(p)
200
2.10 6

; U C (p) I (p)Z C (p)

1 2
z(p) p(p 100)
p 2 (p 100) p 100 p p 2
2.10 6
p2

p 100

200; C 2

2.10 6
20 000;
p 100 p 0

C1

2.10 6
(p 100)

p0

200;

u C (t ) 200e100 t 200 20 000t

u C (0,01) 73,5758 V -y l KB cho xung th hai tc ng .

20 000
S ton t
+Xung th hai tc ng :dch gc to v t1=0,01s: u(p)
p2
tng ng hnh 3. b) tnh n iu kin ban u ni trn. T :
73,5758
p
p
0,735758p 20 0
73,5758

; U C (p) I (p)Z C (p)

100(p 100)
p(p 100)
p
p

20 000
I (p)

7357,58p 2.10 6
p 2 (p 100)

A '1
C'1 C'2 73,5758
73,5758

2
p
p 100
p
p
p

a)

b)

c)

20 000
p

73,5758
p

20 000
p

20 000
p

R
100,6429
p
C

Hnh 3.79

A '1
C' 1

7357,58p 2.10

p 100

p2

273,5758 ; C' 2

7357,58(p 100) 7357,58p 2.10 6

(p 100) 2

p0

7357,58p 2.10 6
20 000 ;
p0
(p 100)

273,5758;

u C (t ) 273,5758e100( t 0,01) 273,5758 20 000(t 0,01) 73,5758 [ V ]

273,5758e100( t 0,01) 20 000t 400
u C (0,02s) 100,6429 [ V ]

y l KB cho xung th ba tc ng .
+Xung th ba tc ng :dch gc to v t1=0,02s: u(p)

20 000

p2
tng ng hnh 3. c) tnh n iu kin ban u ni trn. T :

100,6429
p
p
1,006429p 20 0
100,6429

; U C (p) I (p)Z C (p)

100(p 100)
p(p 100)
p
p

20 000
I (p)

S ton t

10064,29p 2.10 6
p 2 (p 100)

A '1'
C'1' C'2' 100,6429
100,6429

2
p
p 100
p
p
p

109

A '' 1
C '' 1

10064,29p 2.10 6
p 100

p2

300,6429 ; C' 2

10064,29(p 100) 10064,29p 2.10 6

p0

(p 100) 2

10064,29p 2.10 6
20 000 ;
p0
P 100
300,6429;

u C (t ) 300,6429e100( t 0,02) 300,6429 20 000(t 0,02) 100,6429

300,6429e100( t 0,02) 600 20 000t

u C (0,03s) 110,6V

y l KB cho xung th t tc ng .
20 000

+Xung th t tc ng :dch gc to v t1=0,03s: u(p)

p2
S ton t tng ng ch khc iu kin ban u ni trn. T :
20 000 110,6

p
p2
1,106p 20 0
100,6429
I (p)

; U C (p) I (p)Z C (p)

100(p 100)
p(p 100)
p
p

11060p 2.10 6
p 2 (p 100)

A ''' 1

C1
''

A '1''
C'1'' C'2'' 110,6
110,6

2
p
p 100 p
p
p

10060p 2.10 6
p 100

p2

310,6 ; C''' 2

10060p 2.10 6
20 000 ;
p0
P 100

10060(p 100) 10064p 2.10 6

(p 100) 2

p0

310,6;

u C (t ) 310,6e100( t 0,03) 310,6 20 000(t 0,03) 110,6

310,6e100( t 0,03) 800 20 000t
u C (0,04s) 114,26V

y l KB cho xung th nm tc ng .
+Xung th nm tc ng :dch gc to v t1=0,04s:
20 000
u(p)
S ton t tng ng ch khc iu kin ban u ni trn.
p2
T :
114,26
p
1,1426p 20 0
114,26
p

; U C (p) I (p)Z C (p)

100(p 100)
p(p 100)
p
p

20 000
I (p)

110

11426 p 2.10 6
p 2 (p 100 )

E
E
D1
114 ,26
114 ,26

1 22
p
p 100
p
p
p

 11426p 2.10 6

D1

E1

p 100

p2

314,26 ; E 2

11426(p 100) 10064p 2.10 6

p0

(p 100) 2

11426p 2.10 6
20 000 ;
p0
P 100

314,26;

u C (t ) 314,6e100( t 0,04) 314,26 20 000(t 0,04) 114,26

314,6e100( t 0,04) 1000 20 000t
u C (0,05s) 115,6 V
y l KB cho xung th su tc ng .

+Xung th su tc ng :dch gc to v t1=0,05s:

20 000
u(p)
S ton t tng ng ch khc iu kin
p2
ban u ni trn. T :
20 000 115,6

p
p2
1,156p 20 0
115,6
I (p)

; U C (p) I (p)Z C (p)

100(p 100)
p(p 100)
p
p

11560p 2.10 6
p 2 (p 100)

D'1

E'1 E'2 115,6

D'1
115,6

2
p
p 100 p
p
p

11560p 2.10 6
p2

p 100

315,6 ; E' 2 20 000 ; E1=-315,6

u C (t ) 315 ,6e100( t 0,05) 315 ,6 20 000 (t 0,05 ) 115 ,6

315 ,6e100( t 0,05) 1200 20 000 t
u C (0,06 s) 116 ,1 V

y l KB cho xung th su tc ng .
n y qu trnh qu gn nh xc lp . th l ng m nt hnh 3.80

110,6

114,26

115,5

116,1

100,6426
73,5758

tX

Hnh 3.80

3.44. th in p uC(t) hnh 3.81

111

u(t)
h

17,293

tX

6,694

6,678

6,362
0

18,199

18,198

18,154

11

t [mS]

Hnh 3.81

3.45.Ch dn : Gii bng ton t tng t nh BT 3.43.

- 02mS :Vit phng trnh xung in p th nht ri chuyn sang dng ton t
tnh uC(t); xc nh uC(2mS).
- 24mS :Dch gc to n t1=2mS.Lp s ton t tng ng tnh n
KB l UC(2mS).Tm uC(t-t1)
- Sau 4mS : Dao ng t do.
1
3.46. Hnh 3.82. Nhn xt cc thng s ca mch: =106 rad/s=0=
-Mch cng
LC
hng ; f=/2=159 155 Hz; Chu k ca dao ng cao tn T0=1/f0=6,2832
ms; tX=6,2832ms
b)
i (t)
a)
=6,2832.10-3s
=1000T0. Tc mi
i 0(t)
i (t)
chui xung hnh
t
sin gm 1000 chu
k dao ng cao
u(t)
T
t
tn
.
L

100 ;
Hnh 3.82.
C
Q=R/=10 000/100=100. Thi gian xc lp tXL=6Q/0=6.10-4s=0,6ms(c phn Qu
trnh thit lp dao ng hnh sin trong mch RLC song song )
Trong khong thi gian xung th nht tc ng 0tX=06,2832mS;
0

I 0 (p)

2p
p 10
2

12

; Y (p) g pC

C(p 2p 20 )
2

p
U(p) U C (p)

;g

1
10 4

10 4 ; 0

(p 10 )(p 2.5.10 p 10 )
12

1
1 LC

12

2.10 8 (

A 1p3 2.5.103 A 1p2 A 1p.1012

A 1 p B1
p 10
2

g
.10 4
10 8
3

5
.
10
;
Z
(
p
)

C
2C 2.10 8
p
p

2
3
(p 2.5.10 p 1012 ).10 8

12

A 2 p B2
p 2.5.10 3 p 1012
2

B1p2 B1 2.5.103 p B1 .1012

A 2 p3 A 2 .1012 p B 2 P2 B 2 .1012. p2

112

g
1

)
C LC
pL

CL(p 2 p

10 6 ;

I 0 (p)
I 0 (p)p
2p

Y (p) C(p 2 2p 2 ) p 2 1012

0

2.10 8 p 2
2

gpL p CL 1
1

pL
pL
2

A1 A 2 0
2.5.10 A 1 B1 B 2 1
3

A 1 .1012 B1 .2.5.10 3 A 2 .1012

B1 .1012 B 2 .1012 0

U C (p) 2.10 [
8

10 4 p
p 10
2

12

A 1 A 2

B1 B 2 0
0

4
4
A 1 10 ; A 2 10

10 4 p
p 2.5.10 10
2

12

] 2.10 4 [

p
p 10
2

12

p
p 2.5.103 1012
2

uC (t) 2.104 [cos106 t e5.10 t (cos106 t 0,01sin106 t)] 2.104 (1 e5.103t ) cos106 t [ V]
(in p ny ln v mch cng hng .)
u(p)
u(p)
1
1
I L (p)

2
.
108
[

]
Lp
p.10 4
p 2 10 12 p 2 2.5.10 3 p 10 12
3

i L (t ) 2.10 8 (10 6 sin10 6 t 10 6 e5.10 t sin10 6 t ) 2.10 2 (1 e5.10 t ) sin10 6 t [ A ]

( Dng i qua L ln v mch cng hng .)
Kt thc xung th nht : qu trnh dao ng t do .iu kin ban u ca dao
ng t do:
3

uC(tX)= 2.104 (1 e5.10 .6,2832.10 ) cos106.6,2832.103 2.104 [ V]

3

iL(tX)= 2.10 2 (1 e5.10 .6,2832.10 ) sin106.6,2832.10 3 3 [ A]

T c s ton t hnh3.83a),a v hnh 3.83.b)
3

Ngun dng ton t chung:

2.10 4 p 3
-8
4 3
10 .2.10 -
I ng (p);
p
p
I ng (p)
I ng (p).p
U(p)

2
Y (p) C(p 2.p 02 )

2.10 4 p 3
10 8 (p 2 2.5.10 3 p 1012 )

+
C.UC0.

u (p)

I L0/p

u (p)

Hnh 3.83

2.10 4 p 3.108
p 2 2.5.10 3 p 1012

u(t ) u C (t ) e5.10 t (2.10 4 cos10 6 t

3

b)

a)

3.108 2.10 4 .5.10 3

10

sin10 6 t )

e5.10 ( t t X ) [ 2.10 4 cos10 6 (t t X ) 2.10 2 sin10 6 (t t X )] 2.10 4 .e5.10 ( t t X ) cos10 6 (t t X )

3

y l dao ng t do,tt dn. Vi t=3tX th e5000.2.6,2832.10 e62,832 0 nn

u(T)0,tc qu trnh qu kt thc.(Tht vy ,nh ban u ta nhn xt l thi
gian qu trnh qu ch l tXL=0,6 ms).
Cc xung tip theo bt u khi qu trnh qu ca xung trc n tc ng kt
thc nn cc dao ng c dng lp li nh chu k u.Kt qu c th vit c cc
biu thc gii tch tng ng cho tng xung tip theo tc ng vi gc
to c dch tng ng.

113

3.47. S ton t tng ng hnh 3.84 c

E(p)
Z(p)

R
i 2(p)

R1

24
16
4
24(p 2)
; I (p)

p
p p 1,5 p(2p 3)

E(p)

R2

Lp

E(p) 24p(2p 3) 2p 3

(*)
Hnh 3.84.
I (p)
p.24(p 2)
p 2
Mt khc theo s hnh 3.84 th tng tr ton t l :
R (R pL ) R(R1 R 2 ) RLp R1R 2 R 2 pL
Z(p) R 2 1

R1 R 2 pL
R1 R 2 pL
(R R 2 )Lp R.R1 R.R 2 R1 R 2
(**)
R1 R 2 pL
ng nht (*) v (**) s c :
L (R R 2 )p RR1 RR 2 R1 R 2 (2p 3).K

R1 R 2 pL
(p 2) .K
T biu thc cui ta c h 4 phng trnh nh sau:
L ( R R 2 ) 2K

RR1 RR2 R1 R 2 3K
Gii h phng trnh ny nh sau:
R1 R 2 2K

L K

Thay L=K vo s c :
R R2 2

R 2 2 R

RR1 RR2 R1 R 2 3L R(R1 R 2 ) R1 R 2 3L

R 2 L R 2 L 2 R
R1 R 2 2L
2

1
R 2 4R 4 L 0 R 2

44L 2

Nu ly R=2- L 2 K th phi ly 2 K 0 Hay K 4 ;

1
1
T R 2 2 R K ; R1 2K K 0 K N n K 4
4
4
V d chn K=1 L=1 H,R=1;=1 ;R1=1 .
3.48. Cng s ton t hnh 3.84, thc hin tng t
BT3.47.ri c th chn K c
R1 R 2 R 1 ; L 1H

R
L

e(t)

3.49. Hnh 3.85.

e(p)=

114

1
1
10

p p 10 p(p 10 )

Hnh 3.85.

Z CL (p)

L
C
pL

1
Cp

U C (p)

Lp
1 p 2 LC

; Z(p) R

Lp
1 p 2 LC

p 2 LCR Lp R
1 p 2 LC

e(p)
10(1 p2 LC)
Lp
Z CL (p)

Z(p)
p(p 10)(p2 CLR Lp R) (1 p2 LC)

10L
(p 10)(p 2 CLR Lp R)

10
RC

(p 10)(p 2

p
1

)
RC LC

7
7
7
4 3 12
p 10 p 20 p 50

A3
A1
A2
M (p)

p 10 p 20 p 50 N(p)

M (p k )
dng tnh cc h s trn.p dng cng thc
N ' (p k )
Heviside lp h phng trnh nh sau:

Cng thc Heviside A K

10
RC

M (p)
M (p)
10L

p
1
10
N(p) (p 10)(p 2 CLR Lp R)
N' (p)
3p 2 2
20p

RC
LC RC

Nh vy:
10
10L
7
RC

(1)
p
1
10
p 10 100RLC 10L R 4
3p 2 2

20p
RC LC
RC
700RLC 70L 7R 10L 700RLC 80L 7R 0
10
M (p)
10L
7
RC

(2)
p
1
10 p 20 800RCL 30L R
N' (p) p 20
3
3p2 2

20p
RC LC
RC
10
M (p)
10L
7
RC

(3)
p
1
10 p 50 6500RLC 90L R 12
N' (p) p 50
2
3p 2

20p
RC LC
RC
T (1),(2) v (3) lp c h phng trnh :
100RLC 10L R 4

(4)
800RLC 30L R 3
6500RLC 90L R 12

M (p)

N' (p) p 10

1
F 0,00143F
700
C th kim tra li kt qu nhn c nh sau:
Thay cc tr s ca R,L v C vo cng thc UC(p) s c:
Gii 4 c: L=0,7 H; R=10 ; C=0,01/ 7 F=

115

U C (p)

10L
(p 10)(p CLR Lp R)
2

0,01
R10;L 0,7;C
7

700
(p 10)(p 70p 1000)
2

700
(p 10)(p 20)(p 50)
A 1 U C ( p)(p 10)

p 10

A 2 U C ( p)(p 20)
A 3 U C ( p)(p 50)

700
7
;
( p 20)(p 50) p 10 4

700
7
;
( p 10)(p 50) p 20
3

700
7

( p 10)(p 20) p 50 12

p 20
p 50

Hoc: thay cc tr s ca R,L,C nhn c t trn vo mch,vi tc ng ton t

10
l
s nhn c :
p(p 10 )
7
7
7
700
U C (p)
4 3 12
(p 10 )( p 20 )( p 50 ) p 10 p 20 p 50
7
7
7
Tc s c u C (t ) e10t e20t e50t !!!
4
3
12
3.50. a) phng php ton t:
e(p)
100p
100
100
e(p)
; I (p)

6
5
1
p 100
10
(
p

100
)(
2000
p

.
10
)
R
(p 100)(2000
)
Cp
p

0,05p
0,05p.10 5
5.10 3
; U C (p) I (p)Z C (p)

(p 100)(p 50)
(p 100)(p 50)p (p 100)(p 50)
A1
A2
5.10 3
5.10 3

;A1
100; A 2
100
p 100 p 50
(p 50) p 100
(p 100) p 50
100
100

u C (t ) 100(e50t e100t )
p 100 p 50
b) Phng php tch phn Duhament.
Tm c tnh qu hC(t):
Khi mch chu tc ng ca ngun bc thang E th c uC(t)=E(1-e-t)=E(1-e-50t);
U C (p)

116

h C (t ) 1 e50t ; f1 (t ) 100 e100t ; f1 (0) 100 ; f1' (t ) 10 4 e100t

t

u c (t ) f 2 (t ) 100(1 e50 t ) 10 4 e100( t x ) .(1 e50 x )dx

0
t

100(1 e50 t ) 10 4 [ e100( t x ) e100( t x ) e50 x )]dx

0
t

100(1 e50 t ) 10 4 [ e100 t e100 x ) e100 t e50 x )]dx

0
t

100(1 e50 t ) 10 4 e100 t [ e100 x dx e50 x ] dx

100(1 e50t ) 10 4 e100t [

t e
t
e
e100t 1 e50t 1

] 100(1 e50t ) 10 4 e100t [

]
100 0 50 0
100
50
100x

50x

e100t 2e50t
1

] 100(1 e50t ) 10 2 [1 2e50t e100t ]

100
100
100 100e50t 100 200e50t 100e100t 100(e50t e100t )
c) Phng php tch phn Green: g(t)=h(t)=50e-50t.
100(1 e50t ) 10 4 e100t [

f 2 (t ) 50 e50( t x ) 100 e100x dx 5000 e50t e50x dx 100 e50t (e50t 1)

0
50t

100 ( e

0
100t

u C (t ) 100(e50t e100t );
u' C (t ) 100(50e50t 100e100t )
50t

5000(e

100t

2e

50t

) 0 khi e

uC(t)
100t

2e

25V

ln 2
0,01386 s ;
50
u C max 100(e50.0,01386 e100.0,01386)

e50t 2 t

0,01386

t [s]

Hnh 3.86.

100(0,5 0,25) 25 V
d) v th ta kho xt hm uC(t)
uC(0)=0 ; uC( )=0
50t
100t
u C (t ) 100 (e
e
); u' C (t ) 100 (50 e50t 100 e100t ) 5000 (e50t 2e100t )
ln 2
0,01386 s ;
50
u C max 100 (e50.0,01386 e100.0,01386) 100 (0,5 0,25 ) 25 V
th hnh 3.86
0 khi e50t 2e100t e50t 2 t

117

3.51. Hnh 3.87.

a) Phng php tch phn Duhament
+ Xc nh c tnh qu hi2(t) (Xem BT3.4)
Mun vy ta cho tc ng l ngun bc thang
n v E=1V.Lc th dng
i2=Ae-t+
B=hi2(t) .
1

375 ;
R tdC
B=i2(t )=i2()=0;i2(0)=

R1

i2

20
e(t)

20

R3

R2

30

C
Hnh 3.87.

R3
1
.
0,01875
R1 (R 2 // R 3 ) R 2 R 3

hi2 (t) = 0,01875e-375t.

+ Tnh tch phn Duhament:
e(t)=128e-100t ;e(0)=0 ; e(t)=128(e-100t-100t e-100t)=128 e-100t(1-100t)
Ly tch phn:
t

i 2 (t ) e' (x)h(t x)dx 128.0,01875 e100x (1 100x)e375( t x ) dx

0

0
t

2,4e375t [ e275x ) dx 100 xe275x dx] 2,4e375t [ M N]

0

M e275x dx
0
t

N 100 xe
0

275x

1
275

275t

u x; du dx

e275t t e275x

275
x
dx
100.[ t

dx]
dv e275x dx; v e

275 0 275

275

e275t e275t 1

]
275
2752
e275t 1
e275t e275t 1
e100t e375t
i 2 (t ) 2,4e375t [
100.[ t

2
,
4
[

275
275
275
2752
e100t e100t e375t
100.[ t

] 8,7272.10 3 e100t 8,7272.10 3 e375t

2
275
275
100.[ t

0,87272 te100 t 3,1735 .10 3 e100 t 3,1735 .10 3 e375 t

0,0119e100t 0,8727 t e100t 0,0119e375t [A]

b) Phng php ton t:

118

e(p)

128
(p 100) 2

Z 2 20

10 6
12000 20p 12000
20

;
83,33.p
p
p

20p 12000
p

20p 12000
30
p
30

Z 23

3(20p 12000) 12p 7200

;
5p 1200
p 240

12p 7200
32p 12000 32(p 375)
20

;
p 240
p 240
p 240
128(p 240)
(p 240)
I (p)
4.
.
2
(p 100) .32(p 375)
(p 100) 2 .(p 375)
Z

I 2 (p)
4.

I (p)Z 3
(p 240)30p
4.

2
Z2 Z3
(p 100) .(p 375)(50p 12000)
(p 240)30p

(p 100) .(p 375)50(p 240)

2

A
C1

2,4p
(p 100) .(p 375)

2,4p
(p 100) p 375
2

2,4(p 375 ) 2,4p

(p 375 ) 2

p 100

0,0119; C2

C1
C2
A

p 375 p 100 (p 100) 2

2,4p
0,8727;
p 375 p 100

0,0119

i 2 (t ) 0,0119 e375t 0,8727 .te100t 0,0119 e100t 0,0119 (e100t e375t ) 0,8727 te100t

119