Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007

- 25 -

Abstract: The paper proposes a simple yet effective
method for designing symbol mappers in Bit Interleaved
Coded Modulation with Iterative Decoding (BICM-ID).
With M-ary modulation (e.g., MPSK and MQAM),
information transmission may be viewed as it is done
through
2
log m M
parallel binary channels with different
protection levels on bit level. The paper introduces
definition of equivalent symbol mappers in order to reduce
the search space for the best mapping rule. Newly
proposed upper bound on the bit error probability of a
BICM-ID scheme is used as the criterion for the search.
Simulation results show that the upper bound is accurate.
New method for mapping, while being simple, gives rise to
symbol mappers those are equivalent to best symbol
mappers known so far.
Keywords: Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation with
Iterative Decoding, Mapping Rule, Mappers.
I. GII THIU
iu ch m li TCM (Trellis Code Modulation)
[1] c Ungerboeck gii thiu vo nm 1982 l mt
s cho hiu qu s dng bng thng rt cao trn
knh tp m trng cng tnh Gauss (AWGN) bng tn
hn ch. Khi truyn tin qua knh pha inh Rayleigh
[2], tiu chun thit k iu ch m li phi i thnh
bc phn tp ch khng phi l c ly Euclid. Do
c thit k sao cho cc i ho c ly Euclid ti thiu
gia cc chui tn hiu pht, m TCM thng hot
ng ti trn knh Rayleigh v c bc phn tp kh
thp. Cc k thut dng ci thin cht lng ca m
TCM trn knh pha-inh l s dng b xo trn v tr
tn hiu v loi b cc chuyn dch song song trong s
li ca m [2]. Tuy nhin, bc phn tp ca mt
h thng m ho c xo trn v tr tn hiu lun b hn
ch bi s lng ti thiu cc tn hiu dc theo mt s
kin li. Bi vy bc phn tp b tr gi bi chiu di
rng buc ca my m, ngha l phc tp ca m
ho v gii m.
Zehavi [3] ch ra rng bc phn tp c th lm tng
ln ti s lng ti thiu ca cc bit ch khng phi l
cc tn hiu trn ng li, nu s dng xo trn v tr
bit. iu ny cho php mt h thng iu ch m kh
n gin c c bc phn tp cao v t ti mc tng
ch m ho ln trn knh pha-inh. K thut ny v
sau c t tn l iu ch m c xo trn bit
(BICM) [4]. Bc phn tp ca BICM c chng
minh l bng c ly Hamming ti thiu ca m vng
ngoi. Tuy nhin, cht lng ca BICM trn knh
Gauss li gim st do vic xo trn mc bit khng
cho php ti u ho c ly Euclid ti thiu gia cc t
m. iu ny xy ra nu b gii m s dng thut ton
Viterbi quyt nh cng. Trong [5] v [6] Li v Ritcey
ch ra rng gii m lp c th lm tng c li Euclid ti
thiu ca BICM trong khi vn duy tr c c ly
Hamming cn thit. BICM cho php chuyn mt c ly
Hamming ln ca m thnh mt c ly Euclid ln khi
b nh x ln tp tn hiu c thit k mt cch thch
hp. c mt s phng php nh x ti tp tn hiu
8PSK, 16QAM c xut [7], [8] nhm t c
xc sut li bit (BER) thp ti vng t l tn trn tp
(SNR) cao, ngha l vng sn li ca gii m lp.
Tuy nhin, cc phng php ny s dng thut ton
tm vt cn theo phng php lt nh phn BSA

Thit k b iu ch cho h thng
iu ch m c xo trn bt v gii m lp
Design of Symbol Mappers for Iterative Deceded BICM
Trn Ngc Trung, Nguyn Vn Gio, inh Th Cng
Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007
- 26 -
(Binary Switching Algorithm) [7], hay tnh theo hm
truyn tng th ca m [8] nn rt phc tp. Chnh v
vy cc b nh x mi ch xy dng c ti u cho
cc b tn hiu nh nh 4PSK, 8PSK v 16QAM.
Bi bo ny xut mt phng php cn ti u
kh n gin xy dng b
nh x ln cc tp tn hiu ln
bt k. Chng ti nh ngha
v s nht dng hnh hc
mc bit thng qua khi nim
v mc bo v ca bit, v pht
trin khi nim ny d xy
dng thut ton tm b nh x
tt cho cc b tn hiu. Phn
cn li ca bi bo c t
chc nh sau: Mc 2 nu m
hnh c bn ca BICM v
BICM-ID. Mc 3 xut v
phn tch cht lng ca
phng php tm kim b nh
x mi trn c s khi nim
nh x c mc bo v bt ng
u v cn trn mi i vi xc sut li bt. V d vi
b tn hiu 8-PSK khng nh phn on trc quan
rng nu thc hin cc php bin i tuyn tnh.
truyn kt hp cc bt c mc bo v thp hn cng
vi cc bit c mc bo v cao hn th c th tng
tin cy ca bit khi gii m.
II. M HNH H THNG BICM-ID
1. M hnh BICM
H thng BICM thng thng c th c m hnh
ho nh mt lin kt ni tip ca mt m chp nh
phn, mt b xo trn v tr bit, v mt b iu ch
khng nh [4], nh ch ra hnh 1. Ti u pht, cc
bt tin c m ho bi my m chp ri c xo
trn v tr. Vai tr ca b xo trn bt l lm
tng bc phn tp ti c ly Hamming ti thiu ca m
[3]. C khung bit c chiu di bng khng gian ca b
xo trn bit, cho bng N , c chia thnh
/ N mkhi, mi khi cha m bit. Gi
t
v l khi m
bit thi im pht tn hiu th , 1 / t t N m . B
iu ch nh x tng khi bit
t
v ti tn hiu pht
(v )
t t
s trong tp tn hiu M mc, gi l tp S ,
vi 2
m
M .
Tn hiu bng gc nhn c l
t t t t
r s n + , vi
1
t
cho knh Gauss v
t
l h s pha-inh phn
b Rayleigh vi
2
[ ] 1
t
E i vi knh Rayleigh;
t
n
l tp m Gauss vi phng sai hai pha l
0
/ 2 N .
Ti my thu, gi tr hp l theo hm log ca bit c
tnh v lm gn ng theo max-log [3], [4] nh sau:

2
( ) log ( ) - min || ||
i
i t b
t b
i t
t t t t
s S
s S t
r
b P r s
s

(1)
vi
i
b
S l tp con ca S gm cc tn hiu m nhn
nh phn ( )
t
v ca n cha bit { } 0,1 b ti v tr i .
Ngha l s o bit c tnh bng cch chn im tn
hiu trong tp con
i
b
S gn vi tn hiu thu nht. Trong
h thng BICM thng thng, cc s o nhnh trn
li ca m chp bng tng ca cc s o bit c
gii iu ch v c dng gii m chp theo thut
u vo t
v
t
s
Gii xo trn v tr bit
t
r

u ra

My m Xo trn v tr bit iu ch
a./ My pht
Gii iu ch Gii m
b./ My thu


Hnh 1. S khi ca h thng BICM thng thng
Gii iu ch
r
Quyt nh
1

SISO

Hnh 2. S khi gii m lp cho BICM
Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007

- 27 -
ton Viterbi.
2. M hnh BICM-ID
Xt my thu s dng phng php gii m lp (hnh
2). B gii m Viterbi c thay bng b gii m
SISO [9] v u ra ca SISO c phn hi ti b
gii iu ch tnh li s o bit. Ti b gii iu ch,
gi tr t l hp l theo hm log (LLR) c tnh theo
thut ton cc i xc sut hu nghim (MAP).
1
0
1
0
2
t
1 0
2
t
1 0
( 1/ )
( ) log
( 0/ )
( / ) ( )
log
( / ) ( )
-||r ||
exp ( )
= log
-||r ||
exp ( )
i
t
i
t
i
t
i
t
i
i
t t
t i
t t
t t t
s S
t t t
s S
m
i
t t
t
j s S
m
i
t t
t
j s S
P v r
LLR v
P v r
P r s P s
P r s P s
s
P v
N
s
P v
N

1
1
]
1
1
]

(2)
Thng tin ngoi (extrinsic information) ( )
i
t e
L v c
tnh bi b gii iu ch l:
1
0
2
t
1, 0
2
t
1, 0
( 1/ ) ( 1)
( ) log log
( 0/ ) ( 0)
-||r ||
exp ( )
= log
-||r ||
exp ( )
i
t
i
t
i i
i
t t t
t e i i
t t t
m
i
t t
t
j j i s S
m
i
t t
t
j j i s S
P v r P v
L v
P v r P v
s
P v
N
s
P v
N





1
1
]
1
1
]

(3)

exp(L ( ))
; 1
1 exp( ( ))
( )
1
; 0
1 exp( ( ))
i
i
t a
t i
i
t a
t
i
t i
t a
v
v
L v
P v
v
L v

'

(4)
Xc sut ( )
i
t
P v c tnh theo cng thc (4), vi
thng tin tin nghim L
a
, chnh l thng tin ngoi phn
hi t b SISO sau khi c xo trn v tr.
3. Cc php nh x c bn.
C 3 php nh x thng c xem xt trong cc
nghin cu l nh x Gray, nh x theo phn hoch tp
tn hiu (set partition) v nh x hn hp. V d ca
cc nh x ny vi tp tn hiu 8PSK c cho trn
hnh 3. Xt trng hp h thng lm vic ch c
thng tin tin nghim (4) l tng tnh ton (3). Khi
, b gii iu ch bit c thng tin v tt c cc
bt ngoi tr bt n ang xt, do thng tin phn hi ti
l thng tin ngoi (3). Cc bit bit trc chn mt
trong s
1
2
m
cp tn hiu, trong mt tn hiu thuc
1
i
S v mt tn hiu thuc
0
i
S . C ly Euclid gia hai tn
hiu trong mt cp nh th quyt nh ti tin cy
khi quyt nh bit chn l 0 hay 1. Cht lng
tng th ca h thng BICM-ID ph thuc vo s tr
gi gia tin cy ca ln lp u tin (cha c thng
tin tin nghim v cc bit m ly t b gii m SISO)
v mc ci thin do lng tin phn hi mang li
trong cc ln lp sau.
III. XY DNG B NH X MI TRN C S
BO V BIT NG U
Do vic gii m lp bao hm s phn hi thng tin
mm nn vic nh gi cht lng h thng bng gii
tch l rt kh khn. Thay cho vic xem xt trong vic
lan truyn li t ln lp ny sang ln lp khc thng
qua xo trn bit, ngi ta thng gi thit rng thng
tin phn hi khng c li v xy dng cc ng bin
cht lng cho h thng. C th dng k thut to cn
trn thng qua tnh ton hm truyn ca m vng ngoi
kt hp vi c ly gia cc cp tn hiu cho tng bit
nh m t trong [5]. Cng c th coi h thng BICM-
ID nh mt s lin kt ni tip cc m [8] v p
dng cc kt qu ca m lin kt ni tip SCCC. Tuy
nhin, vic tnh ton cc hm truyn ny ti u php
nh x l rt kh khn, v vi b tn hiu M mc ta c
tt c ! M php gn nhn nh phn.
Trong mc ny chng ti a ra khi nim mc bo
v u ca bit. Tip theo chng ti nhn xt l c
nhiu php nh x tng ng da trn khi nim
mc bo v u v xut thut ton tm nh x tt
trn c s so snh cn trn xc sut li bt..
Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007
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1. Mc bo v u ca bit v cn trn xc sut li
bt ca BICM-ID
Nhc li, chng ta c php nh x
t t
v s t
nhn nh phn
1 2
( , ..., )
m
t t t t
v v v v ti tn hiu
t
s S ,
vi S l tp tn hiu M mc v
2
log m M . V b
iu ch l khng nh, chng ta tm thi b qua ch s
thi gian t trong cc trin khai tip sau y. K hiu
i
v l bit th i trong nhn nh phn v . nh ngha c ly
bit
i
d l c ly Euclid gia cp tn hiu ng vi hai
nhn nh phn ch khc nhau v tr th i, ngha l:

1 1
( ( ,..., 0,..., ), ( ,...,1,..., ))
m m
i E
d d v v v v (5)
Vi gi thit l c thng tin phn hi chnh xc v
cc bit khc bit
i
v , vic quyt nh v bt
i
v ph
thuc vo c ly
i
d (xem cng thc 3). Chng ta c
nh ngha sau:
nh ngha 3.1: Php nh x c gi l c
mc bo v bit u nu vi mi v tr bit ta ch c mt
gi tr d.
Trong 3 v d ca tp tn hiu 8PSK (hnh 3) ta thy
nh x SP v nh x hn hp l nh x c mc bo v
bit u, cn nh x Gray khng c mc bo v bit u.
Bit th nht trong
nh x Gray c
hai gi tr c ly
bit, tu thuc vo
v tr ca tn hiu
i din cho bit
th nht. Vi bit
th hai trong nh
x Gray cng
vy. Trong nh
x SP, bt th
nht c c ly bit
l
1
2 d , bt th
hai c
2
2 d ,
v bt th ba c
3
2sin( / 8) d .
Cng thc (3)
cho thy rng gi
tr LLR ca mi
bt trong nhn nh
phn ca tn hiu
ph thuc vo tn
hiu thu c v
ph thuc vo
thng tin v cc
bt khc, ngoi bt
ang xt, c
000
001
011
010
110
111
101
100
000
001
011
010
110
111
101
100
000
001
011
010
110
111
101
100
a/ nh x Gray
000
001
010

110
111
100
101
000
001
010
011
110
111
100
101
000
001
010
011
110
111
110
101
c/ nh x hn hp

Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
000
00
010
011
100
101
110
111
b/ nh x SP

Hnh 3. Cc php nh x in hnh ca 8PSK
Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007

- 29 -
phn hi v t b gii m. Gi thit rng thng tin
phn hi l tin cy, knh truyn vi iu ch
2
m
M mc c th c coi l m knh truyn song
song. Chng ti thm gi thit rng php nh x ln
tp tn hiu l c mc bo v bt u th ta c m knh
nh phn song song. B hon v ngu nhin bin i
vic truyn dn ca h thng BICM-ID thnh vic
truyn cc bt thng tin c m ho qua cc knh
nh phn song song vi c ly bt khc nhau, mi knh
c s dng ngu nhin vi xc sut phn b u l
1/ m. Xt b m ho vng ngoi l m chp nh phn
t l / b c . Trn knh truyn nh phn tp m Gauss
iu ch BPSK c
0 0
/ ( / ) /
s b
E N b c E N , xc sut
li bt c chn trn nh sau [11]:

1, 1
1 ( , , )
b
I L
T D I L
P
b I

(6)
vi ( , , ) T D I L l hm truyn m rng ca m chp,
0
exp{ ( / ) / }
b
D b c E N l cn Bhattacharyya cho
knh nh phn vi c ly bt 2
s
d E .
Do tnh cht tuyn tnh ca m
chp, hon v bt, v ca m
knh nh phn song song s dng
vi xc sut u 1/ m, chng ta
c th gi thit rng chui tin
ton bt 0 c truyn i. Xt
mu li ca m chp vi trng
s Hamming l
H
d . Lc ny
bnh phng c ly Euclid gia
ng li vi ng ng l
2 2 2
1 2
( ) /
H m
d d d d m + + + L i
vi { }
1 2
, ,...,
m
BDP d d d , v
i
d l c ly bit ca bit th i theo
php nh x xc nh bi b iu
ch. Nh vy, cn trn (6) cho
mt knh nh phn c th c
pht trin ln thnh cn trn ca
m knh nh phn song song.
nh l 3.1: Cho h thng BICM-ID vi nh x
t nhn nh phn
1 2
( , ..., )
m
v v v v ln tp tn hiu S
c mc bo v bt u v h s c ly bt
{ }
1 2
, ,...,
m
BDP d d d . Cho b m ho vng ngoi l
m chp nh phn t l / b c . Trn knh truyn tp m
Gauss c
0 0
/ ( / ) /
s b
E N b c E N , khi b gii iu
ch c thng tin tin nghim l tng (ch SNR
cao), xc sut li bt c chn trn bi

1, 1
1 ( , , )
b
I L
T D I L
P
b I

(7)
vi ( , , ) T D I L l hm truyn m rng ca m chp,
1 2 0
exp{ ( ) / }
m
D E E E mN + + + L v
2
/ 4,1 ,
i i
E d i m l nng lng tng ng ca
knh th i .
Hnh 4 so snh kt qu m phng vi cn trn xc
sut li bt (7). M chp nh phn c s dng l m
qui h thng t l 1/2 c a thc sinh [1,5/7]. Chiu
di khi tin chn l 3000. B hon v bt chn l ngu
nhin vi chiu di 6000. iu ch s dng tn hiu

Hnh 4. Cn trn ca xc sut li bt trong BICM-ID
Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007
- 30 -
8PSK, vi hai kiu nh x c mc bo v bt u l
nh x MSP (SP ci tin) [6] v nh x MSEW (Hnh
5). Do gi thit vic phn hi gi tr thng tin ngoi l
chnh xc nn cn trn ch ng khi c SNR cao. Khc
vi cc cn trn trong [4], [5], v [8] khi ch s dng
c ly bt ti thiu trong BDP ca nh x, y chng
ti ly trung bnh trn cc knh nh phn song song.
iu ny cho php c c cn n gin m li phn
bit c cht lng ca cc h thng vi cc nh x
c cng c ly bt ti thiu.
000
111
010
001
100
011
110
101


Hnh 5. nh x MSEW ca b tn hiu 8PSK
2. nh x tng ng v phng php xy dng
nh x mi
c cn trn xc sut li bt (7) nh nht khi cho
trc m chp, php hon v bt, v b tn hiu iu
ch, cn phi tm php nh x c mc bo v bt ng
u sao cho h s khong cch bt cha cc c ly bt
ln nht c th. Chng ti s dng phng php cn
ti u, ngha l ch tm vt cn trong tp gii hn ca
cc nh x nhn c thng qua bin i tuyn tnh t
mt nh x gc chn trc. nh x theo phn hoch
tp (SP) c chn lm nh x c s bi hai l do.
Th nht, i vi cc b tn hiu GU (MPSK v
MQAM thuc loi ny) th nh x SP lun l nh x
c mc bo v bt u. Th hai, cc nh x c bn
khc l c th nhn c bng bin i tuyn tnh ca
nh x SP.
nh ngha 3.2: Cho nh x t nhn nh phn v
ln tp tn hiu S . Cho H l ma trn khng suy bin
kch thc x m m xc nh trn trng (2) GF . Gi
H
l bin i tuyn tnh H ca vi
( ) ( )
H
v vH
Xt b tn hiu 8PSK lm v d. Chng ta c th
kim tra thy rng nh x Gray l kt qu ca bin
i tuyn tnh t nh x SP vi

Gray
1 1 0
0 1 1
0 0 1
H
1
1

1
1
]
(8)
v nh x hn hp l kt qu ca bin i tuyn tnh
t nh x SP vi

mixed
1 1 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
H
1
1

1
1
]
(9)
Ch rng
H
c th c mc bo v bit u nhng
cc mc bo v bit ca n c th ti hn hoc tt hn
so vi . iu ny ph thuc vo bin i tuyn tnh
H v nh x ban u . V d, nu l c mc
bo v bit cao nht th cc bin i tuyn tnh ch c
th cho nh x tng ng hoc ti hn .
i vi nh x c mc bo v bit u, nh gi
mc bo v bit, ta nh ngha h s c ly bit (Bit
Distance Profile) l { }
1 2
, ,...,
m
BDP d d d , vi
i
d l
c ly bit ca bit th i trong v theo php nh x. Nu
hai nh x khc c cng h s khong cch, hoc c
h s khong cch bt bao gm cc gi tr khong cch
nh nhau, ch khc th t xut hin, th cc nh x
ny c cng mt cn trn xc sut li bt (7). Ta c
khi nim nh x tng ng nh sau.
nh ngha 3.3: Hai nh x c bo v bit u c
gi l tng ng nu chng c h s c ly bit ch
khc nhau bi mt php hon v.
Vi nhn nh phn
1 2
( , ..., )
m
v v v v , cho l
php hon v tc ng trn tp s nguyn { } 1, 2,..., m ,
ta c nhn nh phn
(1) (2) ( )
( , ..., )
m
v v v v

. Gi

l nh x c hon v bt c xc nh t bi
( ) ( ) v v

. D dng thy rng nu l nh x

c mc bo v bt u vi { }
1 2
( ) , ,...,
m
BDP d d d
Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007

- 31 -
th

cng l nh x c mc bo v bt u vi
{ }
(1) (2) ( )
( ) , ,...,
m
BDP d d d

.
B 3.1: Php hon v bt trong nhn nh phn ca
mt nh x to thnh mt nh x tng ng.
Quay tr li vi cc b tn hiu S , chng ta thy
rng cc biu chm sao tn hiu thng s dng
trong truyn dn s nh M-PSK hay M-QAM l cc
biu chm sao tn hiu c tnh i xng hnh hc rt
cao, c gi l b tn hiu nht dng hnh hc (GU:
geometrically uniform) [10]. L thuyt v ng dng
ca cc b tn hiu GU c pht trin mnh m trong
nhng nm 1990. Nu S l GU th tn ti nhm ( ) S
ca cc nh x i xng ca S , l cc php quay
(rotation) v php ly i xng (reflection) qua ng
trc xuyn tm hay qua tm to , m bo nh x
tp S vo chnh n. V d, nhm nh x i xng ca
b tn hiu 8-PSK gm 16 phn t, to bi php quay
mt gc bi ca / 4 v php ly i xng qua ng
xin / 8 . Do cc nh x i xng bo ton c ly
Euclid nn ta c b sau.
B 3.2: Cho nh x t nhn nh phn v ln
tp tn hiu S sao cho ( ) v s S . Vi mi php
i xng ( ) g S ta c nh x ( ) ( )
g
v g s l nh
x tng ng ca .
Chng ta bit rng c tt c ! m php hon v trn
mt chui m bt. K hiu | | X l lc lng ca tp
X . H qu hin nhin ca B 3.1 v 3.2 c pht
biu thnh b sau.
B 3.3: Cho nh x t nhn nh phn
1 2
( , ..., )
m
v v v v ln tp tn hiu S vi nhm i
xng ( ) S . S lng cc nh x tng ng to
c t bng | ( ) | ! S m .
Khi nim v nh x tng ng cho php gim
thiu khng gian tm kim. V d, mi nh x c mc
bo v bt u ca b tn hiu 8PSK c
16 3! 96 nh x tng ng nn so vi phng
php tm vt cn chng ta c th gim c thi gian
tm kim.
Chng ti xut mt phng php chung tm
kim nh x c mc bo v bt u cho b tn hiu m
bt dng MPSK hay MQAM, gm cc bc sau.
Xy dng nh x theo phn hoch tp.
To ma trn H l ma trn khng suy bin kch
thc x m m xc nh trn trng (2) GF . To
( ) ( )
H
v vH l bin i tuyn tnh H ca .
Tnh h s khong cch bt. Xt xem
H
c mc
bo v bt u hay khng. Nu khng th quay li
bc trc to ma trn H mi. Nu c th
chuyn sang bc tip theo.
Xt xem
H
c tng ng vi nh x xt
trc hay khng. Nu c th quay li bc to
ma trn H mi. Nu khng th chuyn sang bc
tip theo.
Tnh cn trn xc sut li bt (7). So snh vi gi tr
c lu trc chn nh x c gi tr cn
trn nh nht.
Thut ton dng khi qut ht cc ma trn H .
Kt qu ca vic thc hin thut ton trn i vi b
tn hiu 8PSK, 16QAM v 32 QAM s c trnh by
trong mt bi bo khc, khi chng ti xem xt c knh
pha-inh Rayleigh. Trong khun kh bi bo ny
chng ti trnh by kt qu tm kim i vi nh x ln
tp 8PSK, dng cho knh Gauss. Chng ta c 3 m .
Xt nh x theo phn hoch tp tn hiu (Hnh 3).
tin li, ta biu din mi nh x ca 8PSK bi mt
vc-t
0 1 7
( , ,..., ) p p p , vi , 0 7
i
p i i din
cho im tn hiu exp( 2 / 8)
i
p i
s jp , c dn
nhn nh phn
1 2 3
( , , ) v v v v c biu din h thp
phn l i . Chng ta c h s khong cch bt ca nh
x SP (01, 2,..., 7) l
{2, 2, 2sin( / 8)} BDP . Nh vy cc bt th t
t 1,2 n 3 c mc bo v gim dn, v c ly bt th
Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007
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3 l c ly ti thiu ca 8PSK.
Trong kt qu tm kim theo thut ton trn c hai
nh x
A
v
B
c cng h s khong cch bt:
{2, 2, 3.414} BDP ,
vi (0, 5, 2, 7, 4,1, 6, 3)
A

v (0, 5, 6, 3, 4,1, 2, 7)
B
. Cc nh x ny tng
ng vi nh x MSEW c s dng nhiu trong
cc ti liu nghin cu gn y [6,8].
C th thy rng
A
v
B
l kt qu ca cc php
bin i tuyn tnh ca nh x SP tng ng l
1 1 3 2 2 3 3
, , u v v u v u v v
1 1 2 3 2 2 3 3
, , u v v v u v u v . Trong nh x SP,
ta c mc bo v bt cao nht bt th 1 v mc bo
v t thp nht bt th 3. V trc gic, ta thy rng
nu bin i nh x SP bng cch cng modulo 2 bt
c mc bo v thp nht vo bt c mc bo v cao
nht th c th tng c mc bo v ca bt c mc
bo v thp nht, ngha l nhn c nh x c h s
khong cch bt tng ng hoc tt hn.
IV. KT LUN
Trong bi bo ny chng ti a ra khi nim
nh x c mc bo v bt ng u, trn c s xy
dng mt cn trn i vi xc sut li bt ca BICM-
ID rt d tnh ton. Khi nim h s c ly bt v nh
ngha nh x tng ng cho php gim ng k s
nh x cn phi xem xt khi tm kim nh x tt nht
cho knh Gauss. Vi nh x c mc bo v bt u,
chng ti xut v thc hin thut ton tm nh x
tt cho 8PSK. Kt qu tm kim gii hn trong cc
bin i tuyn tnh ca nh x theo phn hoch tp SP
cho cc nh x tng ng vi nh x tt nht c
bit t trc n nay.
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] G. UNGERBOECK, "Channel coding with
multilevel/phase signals," IEEE Trans. on Inform.
Theory, vol. 28, pp. 56-67, Jan. 1982.
[2] D. DIVSALAR and M. SIMON, "The design of
trellis coded MPSK for fading channels:
Performance criteria," IEEE Trans. Commun. vol.
36, pp. 1004-1012, Sept. 1988.
[3] E. ZEHAVI, "8-PSK trellis codes for a Rayleigh
fading channel," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 40,
pp. 873-884, May 1992.
[4] G. CAIRE, G. TARICCO, and E. BIGLIERI, "Bit-
Interleaved coded modulation," IEEE Trans. on
Inform. Theory, vol. 44, pp. 927-945, May 1998.
[5] X. LI and J. A. RITCEY, "Bit-Interleaved coded
modulation with iterative decoding," IEEE J.Select
Areas Commun., vol. 17, pp. 715-724, Nov. 1999.
[6] X. LI, A. CHINDAPOL, and J. A. RITCEY, "Bit-
Interleaved coded modulation with iterative
decoding and 8PSK signaling," IEEE Trans. on
Commun., vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 1250-1257, Aug.
2002.
[7] F. SHRECKENBACH, N. GORTZ, J.
HAGENAUER, and G. BAUCH, "Optimization of
symbol mappings for Bit Interleaved Codded
Modulation with Iterative Decoding," IEEE
Commun. Letters, vol. 7, no. 12, Dec. 2003.
[8] J. TAN and GORDON I. STUBER, "Analysis and
desgin of symbol mappers for iterative decoded
BICM," IEEE Trans. on Wireless Commun. , vol. 4,
no. 2, pp. 662-672, Mar. 2005.
[9] S. BENEDETTO, D. DIVSALAR, G.
MONTORSI, and F. POLLARA, "A soft-input soft-
output APP module for iterative decoding of
concatenated codes", IEEE Commun. Letters, vol.
1, pp. 22-24, Jan. 1997.
[10] G. DAVID FORNEY, "Geometrically uniform
codes," IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Sept. 1991,
pp. 1241-1260.
[11] ANDREW J. VITERBI and JIM K. OMURA,
"Principles of Digital Communication and Coding,"
McGraw-Hill, 1979.

Ngy nhn bi : 5/7/06





Tp ch BCVT & CNTT k 3 10/2007

- 33 -


S LC TC GI
TRN NGC TRUNG
Sinh nm 1970 ti H Nam
Tt nghip Hc vin KTQS
nm 1993 ngnh V tuyn in,
Tt nghip H Bch khoa HN
ngnh Cng ngh thng tin nm
1998. Nhn bng Thc s nm
2003, ang l nghin cu sinh
ti Hc vin KTQS.
Hin ang cng tc ti Hc vin Khoa hc Qun s
Lnh vc v hng nghin cu: m khng gian, thi
gian
Email: trungtn@viettel.vn


NGUYN VN GIO
Sinh nm 1958 ti Nam nh
Tt ngip H K thut
Budapest Hungary ngnh thng
tin nm 1986, nhn bng Thc
s nm 1994 ti Hc vin
KTQS, ang l nghin cu sinh
ti Hc vin KTQS.
Hin ang cng tc ti Khoa V tuyn in t, Hc
vin KTQS.
Lnh vc v hng nghin cu: Thng tin s v
truyn s liu.
Email: nguyenvangiao07@vnn.vn






INH TH CNG
Sinh ngy 20/10/1963
Tt nghip i hc nm 1986
ti CHLB Nga, nhn bng Thc
s nm 1996, Tin s nm 1999
ti Nht Bn. c phong chc
danh Ph Gio s nm 2004.
Hin l Trng khoa V
tuyn - in t, Hc vin K thut Qun s.
Cc lnh vc chuyn mn quan tm: L thuyt thng
tin, L thuyt m ha v ng dng.
Email: dtcuong@fpt.vn