WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

E. Sreevalsan Centre for Wind Energy Technology Chennai, INDIA Ch i

CWET _OBJECTIVES
C-WET was set up in 1998 as an Autonomous Organization under the Ministry. It is registered under the Tamil Nadu Societies Registration Act. To serve as a Technical Focal Point for promoting Wind Power development in India. To coordinate and support Research and Development programmes in Wind Power systems. To analyse and assess wind resources and prepare Wind Energy Density Map, Wind Atlas and reference wind data. To develop procedures for Testing & carry out testing; prepare Standards for Certification of Wind Power systems. To accord Type Approval / Type Certification conforming to International Standards. To undertake Human Resource Development in wind energy sector.

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

WindResourceAssessmentUnitinCWET

Resources
Expertisein
LargeScalescreeningofsitesandidentifyingwindylocations ErectionandcommissioningofWindMonitoringStations DataCollectionandAnalysis MicrolevelRegionalWindAssessment MicrositingofWindTurbineGenerators Design&LayoutofWindfarms TechnicalduediligenceofProductionEstimateofenergy PreparationofTenderDocumentsforWindfarmdevelopment

WindResourceAssessmentUnit

Resources
StateoftheArttools
Multilevelwindmasts Sensors&Dataloggingsystems Workstation,GPS,Camera,etc. GSMconnectivity SODAR Software Windographer WAsP,WAsPEngineering,WindPRO,ReSoftWindFarm, Meteodyne,WindSim Surfur,Origin,MATLAB,ArcViewGIS

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

WindResourceAssessmentUnit

MajorActivities Major Activities

NationalWindResourceAssessment MicroSurvey&Micrositing PreparationofIndianWindAtlas TechnicalConsultancy

Wind resource assessment techniques can include any or all of the following l f ll i elements. t

Prospecting (Large area Screening & Field visits). Validation (Wind measurements & Data Analysis) Micro Survey & Micrositing.

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

PROSPECTING REFERENCES IN INDIA

STATE WISE METEOROLOGICAL REPORT PUBLISHED BY WIND ENERGY DATA FOR INDIA , ANNAMANI et al. (1983) SURVEY OF INDIA MAP TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP ( 1 : 50000 Scale,
20 m contour ) LAND USE LAND COVER MAP, SATELLITE IMAGES From NRSC INDIA METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT

VALIDATION
National Wind Resource Assessment Programme Since 1986 Initially 20 m mast height Currently 80 m, 100m and 120 m. More than 650 stations Wind Energy Resource Survey Volumes I to VII Wind Power Density map of Measured region Indian Wind Atlas

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

OPIMISATION- MICROSURVEY

Observational wind atlas (WAsP)

Inputs
Measured time-series wind speed wind direction

Terrain Features Elevation (Orography) Digitised maps SRTM Roughness NRSA satellite images Google Earth SOImaps & Site visits Obstacles NRSA satellite images Google E th G l Earth Site visits

Outputs
Regional Wind Climate for the a given location

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

Inputs for WAsP (wind data)

Second wind RAW data

Wind Data

Indigenous Second Wind Software compatible with WAsP

Output of the Second wind software as *.TAB file

Output of the Second wind software as OWC file

Inputs for WAsP (other inputs)

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

WAsP Analysis

Outcome of WRA projects 233potentialsitesforwindfarmingareidentified Winddata(Timeseries)formorethan500locations Wind Energy Resource Survey . 7 Volumes (Two volumes have been published by CWET. 8th volume is being published ) Indian Wind Atlas 105 Micro Survey Reports (105) with 1 km resolution Micrositing &duediligence Morethan2000MW 70projects g g p j Numerical Wind Atlas with 5 km resolution ( .lib)

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

WIND TURBINE ASSESSMENT

Wind resource assessment

Wind Speed (m/s) Hours/ Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 0.0 434.4 823.4 1,098.6 1,228.7 1,216.5 1 216 1,092.3 900.8 687.5 487.9 323.0 200.0 115.9 63.0 32.1 15.4 6.9 2.9 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Annual Energy Estimation

GE 1.5xle - 1.5 MW

1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 Wind Speed (m/s)

1600 1400 1200 Turbine Output (kW) 1000 800 600 400 200 0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 Wind Speed (m /s)

Speed Frequency Distribution

Wind Turbine Power Curve: Output As a Function of Speed

Wind Direction Rose Annual capacity factor = (Actual energy produced during year) / (capacity * 8760)

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

Prevalentwinddirection thekey

Turbines Turbines farther farther

Turbines closer Turbines closer

WRD

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Micrositing

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

The annual energy production Standard correction factors 1 Grid availability 2 Machine availability 3 Electrical losses 4 Air density correction

Uncertainty factors) 1 Wind Measurement ( sensors, mounting etc), 2 Inter annual variation 3 Extrapolation (vertical l) 4 Extrapolation (horizontal) 5 Input file accuracy ( Orography + Roughness) 6 Power curve RSS Value 7-20 %

Wind Power Class ( SITE ASSESSMENT)

A way of quantifying the strength of the wind at a project site based on power density at an elevation of 50 m agl.. The Department of Energys National Renewable Energy Laboratory defines the wind class at a site on a scale from 1 to 7 (1 being low and 7 being high) based on average wind speed and power density to offer guidance to potential developers as to where wind projects might be feasible.

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WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

SITE ASSESSMENT WIND POWER CLASS

WIND POWER POWER CLASS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 RESOURCEPOTENTIAL (UTILITYSCALE) ( UTILITY SCALE) POOR MARGINEL MODERATE GOOD EXCELLENT EXCELLENT EXCELLENT WPDat 50m 50m 0200 200300 300400 400500 500600 600800 >800 m/sat50m

0.05.6 5.66.4 6.47.0 7.07.5 7.58.0 8.08.8 >8.8

WPD W/m2 200-250 250-300 300-400

CF % 17-22 22-26 26-30

WPD VS ENERGY

500 450 R = 0.4688 400 350 300 W P 250 D 200 150 100 50 0 0 10 20 CF 30 40 R = 0.5088 Series1 Expon. (Series1) Linear (Series1) Power (Series1) R = 0.4994

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WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

MODELINGTechniques PhysicalModeling NumericalModeling Meso (spatialresolution,52000km,)

p, , ) MesoMap,KAMM.MM5,MC2)

Micro(lessthan1km),
(WAsP,WindSim,Meteodyn,SiteWind)

Indian Wind Atlas

WindPotentialoftheCountryat50mlevelwith5kmresolution(MesoScale Assessment)Windystatesarevalidated(Availableforpublic)49GW with0.5to2 %landavailabilty WindPotentialoftheCountryat80mlevelwith5kmresolution(MesoScale Assessment))100GWwith1to2%landavailabilty NotValidatedSonotmade availableforpublic. METHODOLOGY KAMMMesoscale model:SimulatedWindClimatesNumericalWindAtlas. WAsPMicroscale model:ObservedWindClimatesObservedWindAtlas.

OUTCOME 1. WindAtlas Book(Mesoscalewindresourcemap,Microscaledetailsof50stations,

Detailsofwindcharacteristicsof517locations,detailsofcyclones,LongtermNCEP/NCAR dataetc.,)

2.

SimulatedWindClimatesNumericalWindAtlasfileforevery5km.in
Digitalform.

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WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

WIND RESOURCES IN INDIA

Output of KAMM Analysis (.lib file)

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WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

ASSESSMENT OF WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL AT 100m level in INDIA

2.OBJECTIVES:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Windspeedmapat100mlevel Windpowerdensitymapat100m Windenergy(kWhorCF)mapat100m EstimateInstallable(ConstrainedTechnical)Potential InvestmentgradepotentialAssessment

ASSESSMENT OF WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL AT 100 m level in INDIA

3.METHODOLOGY
PreparationofStateWiseWindAtlas&Estimationofpotentialat80/100mlevel. Phase1.UsingexistingNumericalwindatlas(.libfile)andObservedWindClimate (.libfileoranyothersimilarfiles)generatemicroscalewindatlaswithhigher resolution.Oneyear(Interimreport) Phase2.UsingGIStools,estimatetechnicalpotential,constrainedpotential1Year,4 months(Interimreport) Phase3.Validationoftheresultswithactualmeasurements.Forthatitisproposedto install75numbersof100manemometrywithGPRSsystemsacross7states. Duration 2to2 Duration 2 to 2 1/2years Microlevel InvestmentgradepotentialAssessment)Energymapsforselectedsites. Domainsizewithmaximumrequiredspatialandverticalresolution.

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WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

3A METHODOLOGY- Phase 1

PreparationofStatewiseWindatlashigherspatialresolution (MesoScaleMap+Surfacelevelmeasureddata
WIND POWER DENSITY MAP AT 80 M LEVEL

3 B. METHODOLOGY- Phase 2

MethodologyforRealisticAssessmentwithGIS tool
RAW/METEOROLOGICAL RAW / METEOROLOGICAL POTENTIAL

TECHNICALPOTENTIAL CONSTRAINEDPOTENTIAL ECONOMICALLYCOMPETATIVEPOTENTIAL

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WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

3 B. METHODOLOGY- Phase 2

MethodologyforRealisticAssessmentwithGIS tool

3 B. METHODOLOGY- Phase 3

Validationoftheresultswithactualmeasurements.

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WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

Thank you

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