Ci Mp Th Vi: Tha cng sut, thiu lin kt

V NG DNG Thng k cho thy, trong 8 thng u nm 2011, sn lng thng qua cc cng container ang khai thc trong khu vc CM-TV (SITV, SP-PSA, TCCT, TCIT, CMIT) t xp x 480.000 TEU, v d kin trong nm 2011, con s ti a s l 800.000 TEU, ch ngang vi 15% cng sut ton khu cng. Tnh trng tha cng sut nghim trng ny chnh l ngun cn ca vn bn s 70/VPA m Hip hi Cng bin Vit Nam (VPA) gi B Ti chnh ngh quy nh gi sn ph dch v cng bin. Ti sao tha? Tr li bo Php Lut ti Hi ngh Nng cao hiu qu qun l khai thc cng bin quc t ti khu vc B Ra-Vng Tu ngy 29/9 va qua, ng Nguyn Xun K, Ph Tng Gim c Cng CMIT c cp n c hai nguyn nhn cho tnh trng ny, mt l, lng hng xut nhp ti khu cng ang c chiu hng suy gim, trong khi s cng container hot ng ti khu cng ang mi nm mt tng.
Nng lc khai thc v sn lng thng qua cc cng trong khu cng CM-TV
Cng SP-PSA TCIT TCCT CMIT Tham gia lin doanh Vit Nam Cng SG, Vinalines Tn Cng SG Tn Cng SG Cng SG, Vinalines Cty u t XD TM Si Gn Cng SG, Vinalines APM Terminals (an Mch) Hutchison Port Holdings (Hongkong) SSA Marine (M) Nc ngoi PSA (Singapore) Wan Hai, Hanjin, MOL Cng sut (triu TEU/nm) 1,1 1,2 0,6 1,1 Chiu di bn (m) 600 590 300 600 Sn lng 2010 TEU 181.780 Cha khai thc 294.707 Cha khai thc 24.987 Cha khai thc 501.474 4,98% 58,77% % 36,25% Sn lng 8 thng u nm 2011 TEU 113.853 84.417 204.454 32.209 % 23,70% 17,57% 42,55% 6,70%

SITV

1,2

730

45.534 Cha khai thc 480.467

9,48%

SSIT Tng cng

1,2

600

6,4

3.420

Ngun: Cng v Vng Tui

Nu nh trong nm 2009, ming bnh CM-TV ch c 2 cng container SP-PSA v TCCT chia s, sang n nm 2010, cng SITV tham gia v chim mt phn khng ng k, th n u nm 2011, hai cng thuc loi ln v c kh nng n hng tt nht l TCIT v CMIT

ng lot nhy vo, lm cho ming bnh khng ln, cn buc phi chia nm x by, n mc SSIT, lin doanh gia SSA Marine (M) vi Cng Si Gn v Vinalines, di k hoch khai trng sang nm 2012 trnh tnh trng trn bn, di khng thuyn. May mn l d n cng Phc An ca PetroVietnam nm thng ngun sng Th Vi vi k hoch xy trn 2.000m cu n tu container v d kin thng qua trn 1,4 triu TEU trong nm 2011 im hi lng ting, nu khng tnh trng tha cng sut s cn nghim trng hn. Lng hng khng kh quan th phn no c d on v nh hng t suy thoi kinh t 2008, nhng tnh trng cung vt cu th xy ra nh th no? Cng theo ng Nguyn Xun K, dng nh c s h hi thi qu t pha Chnh ph, c quan qun l v cc nh u t trong vic quy hoch v cp php xy dng cng bin. S h hi thi qu cng c Tin s V Thnh T Anh ch ra, rng ch ring nh nc u t n bn cng ti khu vc ny, vi ba trong s l lin doanh ca Vinalines v Cng Si Gn (cng ty thnh vin trc thuc Vinalines). S h hi thi qu ny ng l khng dn n kt qu hin ti, nu nh u t nh nc thay v vo phn gc nng cp h tng kt ni hay tng cng cc bin php an ton hng hi trn tuyn lung, th li nm phn ngn, cc c quan chc nng Vinalines v Cng Si Gn gp vn xy mt lot ba cng vi tng vn u t trn 800 triu USD v cng sut hng nm ln n 3,4 triu TEU, d bit rng nng lc ti chnh v qun l ca cc doanh nghip Vit Nam cn hn ch. Gc khng c gii quyt ng mc, trong khi ngn th cng knh, khu cng CM-TV nh mt ci cy c cnh l xum xu trn thn cy ci cc, kh trnh khi vic cnh l sm tr nn x xc. Sn lng thng qua ca hai cng m Vinalines v Cng Si Gn tham gia lin doanh ch l 30% tng sn lng khu cng trong 8 thng u nm 2011 (d cng sut hai cng chim 44%). V thng tin t Vinalines cho bit trong 6 thng u nm 2011, hai cng ty cng bin ny lm Vinalines phi chia s khon l gn 500 t ng. iu ny hin nhin lm cho Vinalines st rut v mun tm gii php tho g. Vi cng lp lun ca VPA cho rng c ch quy nh gi bc xp cha c n nh, ng Nguyn Cnh Vit, Tng Gim c Cui thng 8 va qua, Vinalines k Bn tho thun hp tc pht trin vi Tp on China Merchants Group xy cng Sao Mai Bn nh ti Vng Tu, cng kh ln vi 6 bn tu container trn din tch 200ha, iu ng ni l cng ny nm rt gn khu cng CM-TV. Liu Vinalines cng theo bc Petrolimex, ming th lin tc ku l nhng vn tm cch gia tng s thng lnh th trng?

Vinalines cng kin ngh cn xy dng cc bc xp container ln gp i so vi hin nay. ang c nhng tranh lun v vic c nn tng cc hay khng v nu tng th s tng bng cch no, ngi vit mun bn n vic nu tng c, th chuyn g s xy ra. Thit n, thit kp! Tr li phng vn bo Tui Tr cho cu hi liu vic tng cc bc xp container c lm nh hng n ch hng hay khng, i din VPA cho rng khng nn lo ngi, v mc sn ngh vn thp hn mc hng tu ang thu ca ch hng (tc l ph ph THC), lp lun ny hon ton ch quan, v bn quyt nh vn ny khng phi l cng, m l hng tu. Trong cc ln thng lng trc vi cc hng tu v ph THC, k c khi VPA c cng vn ch ra mc chnh lch gia khon hng tu tr cho cng v khon hng tu thu t khch hng, cha bao gi ch hng Vit Nam ginh c u th, cc hng tu vn thu ph THC v cn thu thm mt lot cc ph ph khc m ch hng Vit Nam phi min cng chi tr. Vi lp lun rng cng tng gi, cc hng tu c th tng thu t khch hng m bo li nhun, hoc h c th rt CM-TV ra khi hi trnh, khi m chi ph lm hng tng v lng hng hn ch. Cn nh rng trc kin ngh ca EuroCham v i s qun an Mch ti Vit Nam cho rng cng ph ti khu cng CM-TV qu cao, t qu 3 nm ngoi, qua Thng t 164/2010/TTBTC, B Ti chnh phi chp nhn chia s chi ph vi cc hng tu qua vic gim thu ng k cc loi ph hng hi bao gm ph trng ti, ph bo m hng hi v ph hoa tiu. Kin ngh ca EuroCham c cho l c s tc ng khng nh t pha cc hng tu chu u l thnh vin EuroCham nh Maersk, CMA-CGM, Hapag-Lloyd. Sc mnh ca cc hng tu, th hin qua vic s dng linh hot cc knh tc ng l khng th ph nhn, h tm cch gim chi ph v nh nc phi chp nhn gim thu nhng b. Gi y, nu li phi ng trc vn tng chi ph, v vi gi nh l cc hng tu khng th tng thu t ch hng, th liu h c cn cn nhc CM-TV l im lm hng khng? Trong bi cnh hng ha cn hn ch, cc hng tu c th rt tu khi CM-TV m khng qu quan ngi v vn khai thc v h c th s dng hnh thc trung chuyn nh trc y a hng i chu u v Bc M. Nu iu xy ra, ngi thit khng ch l cc ch hng, m cn l chnh cc cng! VPA c l cha kha? Vn c nhiu chuyn gia t ra l cc cng bin cn lin kt li vi nhau thng nht gi dch v cng bin. ng sau vn ny l cu hi liu VPA c phi l mt hnh thc lin kt hiu qu gia cc doanh nghip cng bin hay khng. Mc d c nhiu n lc trong vic to ra mt t chc cc cng bin c th ngi li vi nhau v bn bc, tho lun v cc vn chung, nhng VPA vn cha thc s l mt hip hi chuyn ngnh hiu qu, nh chnh bo co ca Ban chp hnh kha VII tha nhn vai tr ca hip hi vn cn hn ch,

c bit trong vic gp phn n nh th trng, chun ha cht lng dch v cng, tham gia gp v qui hoch v h tr thc hin qui hoch. Hiu qu hot ng ca VPA c th c nhn thy phn no qua cc k hi hp ca hip hi. Thay v l mt din n thc y tranh lun trc tip gia cc hi vin v cc vn ni cm, cc Hi ngh thng nin m VPA t chc ch n thun l dp cc cng c tham lun, v, ng bun hn, mt phn thi gian khng nh l dnh cho cc nh ti tr chim dng qung co. Theo ngi vit, mt trong nhng nguyn nhn dn n vai tr ca VPA vn cn hn ch l khu t chc ca Hip hi. Nu nhn vo vic Ch tch v Tng Th k VPA nhiu nm lin u l ngi ca Cng Si Gn, vn phng, a ch email, tp ch ca Hip hi (Shipping Times) cng mang m du n ca Cng Si Gn.. th cha vi bn n hiu qu hot ng ca VPA, chnh cch thc t chc ny lm cho nhiu ngi c cm gic VPA ch l mt thnh vin ca Cng Si Gn, iu c th dn n tnh trng va bng, va thi ci! h tr nh nc hiu qu hn trong cng tc quy hoch v qun l cng, cng nh l cc kin ngh thit thc m VPA a ra hng nm c lu tm y hn, gii quan st trng ch n lc t chnh VPA trong qu trnh i mi cch thc t chc v phng thc hot ng. ******* Chuyn ang xy ra khu cng CM-TV li nhiu lo u, khng ch cho cc doanh nghip Vit Nam, m cho c khu quy hoch cng bin t nc v kh nng cnh tranh ca nn kinh t. Trc mt, gii quyt cu chuyn l cc doanh nghip cng hay tnh trng cnh tranh v gi khng din ra th gii php khng n thun dng li vic tng gi. Cc Hng hi Vit Nam ang xin chnh ph th im m hnh t chc chnh quyn cng ti khu cng CM-TV. l bc i ph hp v cn c ch trng m u cho s lin kt v phi hp tht gia cc nh khai thc cng v cc c quan chc nng, thay v ko nhau ngi vo bn ri bt tay, tr chuyn, nhng li khng cng nhn v mt hng.
i

Do 2 cng TCCT v TCIT nm cnh nhau, s liu tng cng trong bng c th khng ng thc t. Theo thng k ca Tn Cng Si Gn, sn lng 8 thng u nm ca TCCT v TCIT tng ng l 131.653 TEU v 141.220 TEU.