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  • 2-4反水庫、反開發是世界國家公園的歷史起源 邱靜慧

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    2-4反水庫、反開發是世界國家公園的歷史起源_邱靜慧_

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    14 views5 pages

    2-4反水庫、反開發是世界國家公園的歷史起源 邱靜慧

    Uploaded by

    葉日嘉

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 5

    /

    2012 7 9 1092

    John Muir

    Gifford Pinchot
    [1]

    1890


    Hetch-Hetchy Valley[2]


    [3]
    1892 Sierra Club
    1
    2
    34

    Snake River
    1916

    Stephen Mather
    1964

    2003 IUCN
    [4]IUCN II
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    IUCN

    1
    2
    3
    4

    IUCN V

    [5] IUCN II

    [6]
    exclusive

    [7]
    [8]

    inclusive

    stakeholder

    Clifford Geertz

    [9] 1996

    empowerment

    ()
    778 55%

    Praxis

    [1] 2002
    [2]

    PreservationConservation

    [3] American Rivers


    Friends of the Earth Trout Unlimited 3
    1999 2012

    [4] IUCN 70 100 750

    [5] IUCN 1999


    [6] 1935

    [7]

    2011

    [8]

    2010 11 16

    [9] Clifford Geetrz 2003.08

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