IFAD SL Workshop

The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

Its ONE WAY of organising the complex issues surrounding POVERTY
Its NOT the ONLY WAY

It needs to be:

Modified o Adapted o Made appropriate to local circumstances o Made appropriate to local priorities
o
Slide 1 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Livelihoods assets
Human Capital

Social Capital

The Poor

Natural Capital

Physical Capital
Slide 2

Financial Capital
Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Human Capital

Health Nutrition Education Knowledge and skills Capacity to work Capacity to adapt

Slide 3

Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Natural Capital
Land and produce Water & aquatic resources Trees and forest products Wildlife Wild foods & fibres Biodiversity Environmental services

Slide 4

Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Social Capital

Networks and connections

o patronage o neighbourhoods o kinship

Relations of trust and mutual support Formal and informal groups Common rules and sanctions Collective representation Mechanisms for participation in decisionmaking Leadership
Slide 5 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Physical Capital
Infrastructure
transport - roads, vehicles, etc. secure shelter & buildings water supply & sanitation energy communications

Tools and techology

tools and equipment for production seed, fertiliser, pesticides traditional technology

Slide 6

Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Financial Capital

Slide 7

Savings
Credit/debt - formal, informal, NGOs Remittances Pensions Wages
Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

The Asset Mix

Different households with different access to livelihood assets

Livelihoods affected by:

o diversityof assets o amount of assets o balance between assets

Slide 8

Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

So..

Human capital labour capacity

no education limited skills

Landless female agricultural labourer Human Capital

Natural capital landless

access to common property resources

Financial capital low wages

Social Capital

Physical capital Natural poor water supply Capital poor housing

no access to credit

poor communications

Physical Capital

Financial Capital

Social capital low social status

descrimination against women strong links with family & friends traditions of reciprocal exchange

= an extremely reduced livelihood pentagon

Slide 9 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Vulnerability Context
Shocks Floods, droughts, cyclones Deaths in the family Violence or civil unrest Seasonality Trends and changes Population Environmental change Technology Markets and trade Globalisation
Slide 10 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Vulnerability Context
H

Vulnerability Context
Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes

S The Poor

Slide 11

Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Policies, Institutions & Processes

of of of of government different LEVELS of government NGOs interational bodies

Policies

Institutions

political, legislative & representative bodies executive agencies judicial bodies civil society & membership organisations NGOs law, money political parties commercial enterprises & corporations

Processes

the rules of the game decision-making processes social norms & customs gender, caste, class language
Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

Slide 12

IFAD SL Workshop

Policies, Institutions & Processes

H Vulnerability Context
Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes

The Poor

N
influence

Policies Institutions Processes

Slide 13

Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Livelihood Strategies
Combining: the assets they can access Taking account of: the vulnerability context Supported or obstructed by: policies, institutions and processes. ....leading to
Slide 14 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop

Livelihood Outcomes
Poverty - a poor livelihood outcome:

based on a fragile or unbalanced set of livelihood assets

unable to sustain to shocks, changes or trends not supported, or actively obstructed by policies, institutions and processes that do not allow assets to be used as they might livehood options combined in a bad or unsustainable strategy
Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

Slide 15

IFAD SL Workshop

The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

H
Vulnerability Context Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes

S P

The Poor

Policies influence Institutions Processes

Livelihood Strategies

Livelihood Outcomes

Slide 16

Sustainable Livelihoods Framework