Bandu Da CTM

n chi tit my
MC LC
I. TNH NG HC H DN NG...................................................................................................................3
1. Chn ng c...........................................................................................................................................................3
1. Chn ng c....................................................................................................................................................3
2. Phn phi t s truyn.............................................................................................................................................4
2. Phn phi t s truyn.......................................................................................................................................4
3. Xc nh cng sut, mmen v s vng quay trn cc trc...............................................................................4
3. Xc nh cng sut, mmen v s vng quay trn cc trc.............................................................................4
II. THIT K CC B TRUYN...........................................................................................................................5
1. Thit k b truyn bnh rng................................................................................................................................5
1. Thit k b truyn bnh rng............................................................................................................................5
2. Thit k b truyn trc vt...................................................................................................................................11
2. Thit k b truyn trc vt..............................................................................................................................11
3. Thit k b truyn ngoi......................................................................................................................................17
3. Thit k b truyn ngoi.................................................................................................................................17
III.
THIT K TRC, LA CHN LN V KHP NI..........................................................................22
1. S phn tch lc chung....................................................................................................................................22

1. S phn tch lc chung..............................................................................................................................22
2. Thit k trc...........................................................................................................................................................23
2. Thit k trc....................................................................................................................................................23
3. Chn then...............................................................................................................................................................42
3. Chn then........................................................................................................................................................42
4. Chn ln..............................................................................................................................................................43
4. Chn ln.......................................................................................................................................................43
5. Chn khp ni.......................................................................................................................................................51
5. Chn khp ni................................................................................................................................................51
IV.
TNH TON V CHN CC YU T CA V HP V CC CHI TIT KHC.............................52
1. Cc kch thc ca v hp gim tc................................................................................................................52

1. Cc kch thc ca v hp gim tc...........................................................................................................52
2. Mt s chi tit khc...........................................................................................................................................54
2.
Mt s chi tit khc....................................................................................................................................54
V. BI TRN V IU CHNH N KHP.......................................................................................................56

1. Bi trn cc b truyn trong hp........................................................................................................................56
1. Bi trn cc b truyn trong hp....................................................................................................................56
2. Bi trn ln.........................................................................................................................................................56
2. Bi trn ln..................................................................................................................................................56
3. iu chnh n khp ..............................................................................................................................................57
3. iu chnh n khp ........................................................................................................................................57
n chi tit my
VI. BNG K KIU LP V DUNG SAI LP GHP......................................................................................58
TI LIU THAM KHO.......................................................................................................................................60
n chi tit my
I.
TNH NG HC H DN NG
1. Chn ng c
Cng sut
Cng sut ng c chn cn tha mn yu cu: Pc > Pyc vi
Pyc = Pt = Pct
Ta c: Pct =
Fv
1000
7500.0,65
= 4,88 (kW)
1000
T t
t
5
3
= 1 + 2 2 =
+ 0,7 2 = 0,9
tck T1 t ck
8
8
T cng thc 2.9[1] ta c:
= K ol3 ot x tv br
Vi
Theo bng 2.3[1] ta c:
ol = 0,99
br = 0,97
ot = 0,99
tv = 0,8
x = 0,96
Vi ol , ot , x , br , tv ln lt l hiu sut ca cp ln, trt, xch,
cp bnh rng v cp trc vt bnh vt.
Hiu sut ni trc di ng K = 0,99
Vy = 0,99 . 0,99 . 0,993 . 0,96 . 0,97 . 0,8 = 0,71.
Do :
4,88.0,9
= 6,19 (kW).
Pyc =
0,71
Xc nh s b s vng quay ng c in
Theo cng thc 2.16[1]
60000 v 60000 .0,65
=
= 35,49 (vng/pht)
nct=
d
3,14.350
Theo cng thc 2.15[1], t s truyn s b ca h thng dn ng l:
usb= usbhp. usbxch= usbbnh rng. usbtrcvt. usbxch
T bng 2.4[1] chn
usbbnh rng =2;
usbtrcvt = 20;
usbxch = 2;
3
n chi tit my
usb = 2.20.2 = 80.
Theo cng thc 2.18[1] s vng quay s b ng c l:

nsb = usb . nct = 80.35,49 = 2839 (vng/pht)
Vy chn s vng quay ng b ng c l nb = 3000 (vng/pht)
T bng P1.1[1] vi Pyc = 6,19 kW, nb = 3000 (vng/pht)
Ta chn ng c c k hiu K160S2 c
Pc = 7,5kW, nc = 2935 vng/pht, dc = 38 mm
Tk
T
= 2,2 > mm = 1,4
Tdn
T
2. Phn phi t s truyn
T s truyn chung
Ta c cng thc tnh t s truyn chung:
uch =
nc 2935
= 82,7 = uhp . ungoi
=
nct 35,49
chn s b ungoi = 2
uhp =
82,7
= 41,35 = u1 u 2
2
Phn phi t s truyn

Theo cng thc kinh nghim, t s truyn ca trc vt trong b truyn bnh
rng trc vt trong khong (10 20), chn utrc vt = 17
ubnh rng =
41,35
= 2,43 < 2,5
17
Khi ungoi =
82,7
= 2,00
2,43.17
3. Xc nh cng sut, mmen v s vng quay trn cc trc

K hiu:
Trc 1 l trc ni bnh rng ng c
Trc 2 l trc trc vt ni bnh rng
Trc 3 l trc bnh vt
Ta c:
P3 =
Pct
Fv
7500 .0,65
=
=
= 5,13 (kW)
ot . x 1000 . ol . x 1000.0,96.0,99
P3
5,13
=
= 6,48 (kW)
ol . tv 0,8.0,99
P2
6,48
P1 =
=
= 6,75 (kW)
ol . br 0,97.0,99
P2 =
n chi tit my
P1
6,75
=
= 6,89 (kW)
ol . K 0,99.0,99
n1 = nc = 2935 (vng/pht)
Pc' =
n1 2935
=
= 1208( vng / pht )
u1 2,43
n2 1208
=
= 71( vng / pht )
n3 =
u2
17
n3 71
=
= 35,5(vng / pht )
nct =
ux
2
n2 =
P1 9,55.10 6.6,75
T1 = 9,55.10 . =
= 21963 (N.mm)
n1
2935
9,55.10 6.6,48
6 P2
T2 = 9,55.10 . =
= 51228 (N.mm)
n2
1208
6
P3 9,55.10 6.5,13
T3 = 9,55.10 . =
= 690021 (N.mm)
n3
71
6
Pc'
9,55.10 6.6,89
Tc = 9,55.10 .
=
= 22419 (N.mm)
nc
2935
6
Pct 9,55.10 6.4,88

Tct = 9,55.10 .
=
= 1313159 (N.mm)
nct
35,49
Ta c bng sau:
6
Trc
Thng s
T s truyn u
Cng sut P, kW
S vng quay n, vng/pht
Momen xon T, N.mm
II.
ng c
2,43
17
6,75
6,48
5,13
2935
1208
71
21963 51228 690021
6,89
2935
22419
THIT K CC B TRUYN
1. Thit k b truyn bnh rng
Cc thng s b truyn bnh rng
u1 = 2,43
P1 = 6,75 kW
P2 = 6,48 kW
n1 = 2935 vng/pht, n2 = 1208 vng/pht
T1 = 21936 N.mm, T2 = 51228 N.mm
5
Cng tc
2,00
4,88
35,5
1313159
n chi tit my
a. Chn vt liu
Do bnh rng ch to khng c yu cu g c bit nn chn vt liu l
thp. B truyn chu cng sut trung bnh , ta dng thp nhm .
Vi bnh nh (bnh 1), chn thp 45, ti ci thin t rn HB241...285
c b1 = 850 MPa, chy1 = 580 MPa
Vi bnh ln (bnh 2), chn thp 45 ,ti ci thin t rn HB192...240
c b2 = 750 MPa, chy2 = 450 MPa
b. Xc inh ng sut cho php
Theo cng thc 6.1[1], 6.1[2], ng sut cho tip xc cho php [ H] v ng
sut un cho php [F] xc nh nh sau:
Ho lim
[ H ] =
Z R ZV K XH K HL
SH
Fo lim
[ H ] =
YRYS K XF K FC K FL
SF
Chn s b Z R ZV K XH =1
YRYS K XF = 1
Do ta c:
o
H lim
Ho lim
[ H ] =
K HL
SH
Fo lim
[ F ] =
K FC K FL
SF
Theo bng 6.2[1], vi thp 45, ti ci thin t rn 180...350 HB th

= 2HB + 70, SH = 1,1; Fo lim = 1,8HB; SF = 1,75.
Chn rn bnh nh HB1 = 245, bnh ln HB2 = 230
Khi
Ho lim1 = 2HB1 + 70 = 245.2 + 70 = 560 MPa
Fo lim1 = 1,8HB1 = 1,8.245 = 441 MPa

Ho lim 2 = 2HB2 + 70 = 2.230 + 70 = 530 MPa
Fo lim 2 =1,8HB2 = 1,8.230 = 414 MPa
Theo cng thc 6.5[1] ta c:
2, 4
NHO = 30. H HB
1
2, 4
2,4
NHO1 = 30. H HB
= 1,6.107
1 = 30.245
2, 4
2,4
NHO2 = 30. H HB
= 1,39.107
2 = 30.230
T cng thc 6.7[1]
n chi tit my
3
T
N HE = 60c i .ni ti
Tmax
n 5
3
N HE 1 = N HE 2 = 60ct 1 13. + 0,7 3
u1 8
8
2935 3 5
3 3
7
= 60.1.20000
1 . + 0,7 = 109,22.10 > N HO 2
2,43 8
8
KHL2 = 1
NHE1 > NHO1 KHL1 = 1.
Ho lim1
560.1
[ H ] 1 =
K HL1 =
= 509( MPa )
SH
1,1
Ho lim 2
530.1
[ H ] 2 =
K HL 2 =
= 481,8( MPa )
SH
1,1
Vy
Do b truyn s dng bnh rng thng [ H ] = min( [ H ] 1 , [ H ] 2 )

[ H ] = 481,8 (MPa)
Theo cng thc 6.7[1]
N FE
T
= 60c i
Tmax
.ni t i
n1 6 5
6 3
1 . + 0,7
u1 8
8
2935 6 5
6 3
7
= 60.1.20000
1 . + 0,7 = 96,98.10
2,43 8
8
N FE 1 = N FE 2 = 60ct
Do NFO = 4.106 NFE1 > NFO, NFE2 > NFO

Vy:
Fo lim1
441.1.1
[ F 1 ] =
K FC K FL1 =
= 252( MPa )
SF
1,75
Fo lim 2
414.1.1
[ F 2 ] =
K FC K FL 2 =
= 263,5( MPa )
SF
1,75
ng sut qu ti cho php

Theo cng thc 6.10[1] v 6.11[1] ta c:
[ H ] max = 2,8.chy = 2,8.450 = 1260 (MPa)
[ F 1 ] max = 0,8.ch1 = 0,8.580 = 464 (MPa)
[ F 2 ] max = 0,8.ch2 = 0,8.450 = 360 (MPa)
c. Xc nh thng s b truyn
7
n chi tit my
Xc nh s b khong cch trc

Theo cng thc 6.15a[1] ta c:
aw1 K a ( u1 + 1)
T1 K H
[ H ] 2 u1 ba
Vi Ka : h s ph thuc vt liu
Theo bng 6.5[1], ta c Ka = 49,5
ba , theo bng 6.6[1] tac ba =0,3.
Theo cng thc 6.16[1] ta c bd = 0,53 ba ( u + 1)
= 0,53.0,3.( 2,43 + 1) = 0,55
K H : h s k n s phn b khng ng u ti trng trn chiu rng

vnh rng. Theo bng 6.7[1], vi bd =0,55 K H = 1,02
Vy
21963 .1,02
a w1 49,5( 2,43 + 1)
= 86,53( mm)
481,8 2.2,43.0,3
Ly aw1 = 90 (mm)
Xc nh mum
m1 = (0,01 0,02)aw1 = (0,01 0,02).90 = 0,9 1,8
Theo tiu chun chn m1 = 1,5
Xc nh s rng
S rng bnh nh l:
2a w1
2.90
=
= 34,98
z1 =
m1 ( u1 + 1) 1,5(2,43 + 1)
Chn z1 = 35
z2 = 2,43.35 = 85,05. Chn z2 = 85
85
,
= 2,43
Khi u1 =
35
ng knh vng ln bnh nh l:
2a
2.90
d w1 = w1 =
= 52,5( mm )
u1 + 1 2,43 + 1
d. Kim nghim
Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc
Theo cng thc 6.33[1], ta c:
H =
Z M Z H Z
d w1
2T1 K H ( u + 1)
b u1
Trong :
ZM : h s k n c tnh vt liu
Vt liu l thp c ZM = 275 MPa1/3
8
n chi tit my
ZH : h s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc
ZH =
2
, vi = 90o
sin 2
2
= 1,76
sin 40
4
=> Z H =
Z =
. Theo cng thc 6.38b[1] ta c:
1
1
1
1
+ = 1,88 3,2 + = 1,75
35 85
z1 z 2
4 1,75
= 0,87
=> Z =
3
KH = KHv.KH trong :
KHv : h s ti trng ng. theo bng P2.3[1] chn KHv = 1,21
d n 3,14.52,5.2935
= 8,06( m / s ) , chn cp chnh xc 7
Vi v1 = 1 1 =
60000
60000
KH : h s phn b khng u ti trng trn vnh rng, KH =1,02
b : chiu rng vnh rng
b = ba a1 = 0,3.90 = 27( mm )
Vy ta c:
274.1,76.0,87 2.21963 .1,02.1,26( 2,43 + 1)
H =
= 434,25( MPa )
52,5
27.2,43
= 1,88 3,2
-ng sut tip xc cho php
[ H ] = [ H ] Z v Z R Z XH
- Z R : h s xt n nhm b mt rng
Cp chnh xc ng hc l 7, chn cp chnh xc v mc tip xc l 6, khi
cn gia cng t nhm Ra = 0,40,8 m
Tra bng ta c Z R = 1
- Zv = 0,85v0,1. Vi v = 8,06 m/s ta c Zv = 0,85.8,060,1 = 1,05
- ZXH = 1 ( do da <700 mm)
=> [ H ] = 481,8.1.1,05.1 = 505,89 (MPa)
=> H < [ H ]
Vy vt liu lm rng tho mn iu kin v bn tip xc.
Kim nghim rng v bn un
2T1 K F Y Y YF 1
F1 =
[ F 1 ]
b1d 1m1
9
n chi tit my
Vi T1 = 21963 Nmm, d1 = 52,49 mm; b1=27 mm; m1 = 1,5 mm.

1
1
= 0,57
-Y =
: h s trng khp rng. Vi =1,75 => Y =
1,75
-Y = 1 (rng thng)
-YF1,YF2 : h s dng rng. Theo bng 6.18[1] ta c
YF1 = 3,77
YF2 = 3,61
-KF = K F K F K Fv
Vi K F = 1 (rng thng)
K F : theo bng 6.7[1] tra c K F = 1,02
-KFv :h s ti trng ng. Theo bng P2.3, chn KFv = 1,62.
Vy:
2.21963 .1.1,62.1,02.0,57.1.3,77
F1 =
= 82( MPa )
25,5.49,65.1,5
Y
3,61
F 2 = F 1. F 2 = 82.
= 78,5( MPa )
YF 1
3,77
[ F 1 ] =252 MPa, [ F 2 ] = 263,5 MPa
=> F1 < [ F 1 ] , F2 <[ F 2 ]
=> cp bnh rng tho mn iu kin v mi.
Kim nghim rng v qu ti
T
Theo cng thc 6.48[1] vi Kqt = max = 1,4
T
H 1 max = H K qt = 434,25. 1,4 = 513,81 < [ H ] max = 1260 (MPa)
F1 max = F 1.K qt = 82.1,4 = 114,8 < [ F1 ] max = 464( MPa )
F 2 max = F 2 .K qt = 78,5.1,4 = 119,9 < [ F 2 ] max = 360( MPa )
Vy b truyn tho mn iu kin v qu ti.
e. Cc thng s ca b truyn l
-Khong cch trc:
-Modum:
-Chiu rng vnh rng
-T s truyn:
-S rng
-ng knh vng chia
-ng knh vng nh rng
a1 = 90 mm
m1 = 1,5 mm
b1 = 27 mm
u1 = 2,43
z1 =35, z2 = 85
d1 = mz1 = 1,5.35 = 52,5 (mm)
d2 = mz2 = 1,5.85 = 127,5 (mm)
da1 = d1 + 2m1 = 52,5+2.1,5 = 55,5 (mm)
10
n chi tit my
-ng knh vng ln

-ng knh vng y rng
da2 = d2 + 2m1 = 127,5+2.1,5 =130,5 (mm)

d1 = 52,5 (mm)
d2 = d1.u=52,49.2,43=127,5 (mm)
df1=d12,5.m1 = 52,5 -2,5.1,5=48,75 (mm)
df2=d22,5.m1=127,5-2,5.1,5=123,75(mm)
2. Thit k b truyn trc vt

Cc thng s ca b truyn trc vt:
u2 =17
P2 = 6,48 kW, P3 = 5,13 kW
n2 = 1208 vng/pht; n3 = 71 vng/pht
T2 =51228 Nmm; T3 = 690021 Nmm.
a. Chn vt liu
Tnh s b vn tc trt
Theo cng thc 7.1[1], ta tnh vn tc trt s b:
5
T
=
4
,
5
.
10
.1208 .3 690021 = 4,78( m / s )
3
vs = 4,5.10 n2
-5
vs < 5 m/s. S dng ng thanh khng thic pH 10-4-4 ch to bnh

vt c b= 600 MPa, ch = 200 MPa.
S dng thp 45 ch to trc vt, ti b mt t cng HRC45
f. Xc nh ng sut cho php
ng sut tip xc cho php
Theo bng 7.2[1], vi bnh vt lm bng ng thanh khng thic
pH10-4-4.
ng sut un cho php
[ F ] = [ FO ].K HL
Trong [ FO ] : ng sut un cho php vi 106 chu k
B truyn quay 1 chiu, theo cng thc 7.7[1] ta c:
[ FO ] = o,25. b + 0,08 ch = 0,25.600 + 0,08.200 = 166( MPa)
KFL: h s tui th. Theo cng thc 7.9[1] ta c:

K FL = 9
10 6
N FE
Vi
9
N FE = 60 T3i n3i ti = 60 n2 t T3i . ti

T
T t
u2
3 max
3m
1280
3
5
20000 .19 + 0,7 9 = 54,58.10 6
=> NHE = 60.
17
8
8
=> K FL = 8
10 6
54,58.10 6
= 0,64
11
n chi tit my
Vy
[ F ] = [ FO ].K HL = 166.0,64 = 106,24 (MPa)
ng sut cho php khi qu ti

[ H ] max = 2. ch = 2.200 = 400( MPa )
[ F ] max = 0,8. ch = 0,8.200 = 160( MPa )
g. Xc nh cc thng s c bn ca b truyn
Khong cch trc
Vi u2 = 17, chn z1 = 2 => z2 = u2z1 = 17.2 = 34 (rng)
Chn s b q = 0,3.z2 = 0,3.34 = 10,2
Theo bng 7.3[1], chn q = 10
T3 = 690021 Nmm
Chn s b KH = 1,2
2
a 2
170 T3 K H
= ( z 2 + q ) 3
[
]
z
q
2 H
2
170 690021 .1,2

=> a2 = ( 34 + 10 ) 3
= 175( mm )
10
34.180
Chn a2 = 180 mm.
Moum dc trc vt
Theo cng thc 7.17[1]:
m2 =
2a 2
2.175
=
= 7,95
z 2 + q 34 + 10
Theo tiu chun chn m2 = 8

Khi
m
8.( 34 + 10 )
a 2 = 2 ( z 2 + q ) =
= 176( mm )
2
2
Ly a2 = 180 mm, khi h s dch chnh l:
x=
a 2
174
0,5.( q + z 2 ) =
0,5(10 + 34 ) = 012,5( mm )
m2
8
tho mn iu kin -0,7 < x < 0,7

h. Kim nghim
Kim nghim bn tip xc
Tnh li vn tc trt
12
n chi tit my
d 2 n2
60000 . cos
Vi d2 = m2(q + 2x) = 8.(10 - 2.0,125) = 78 (mm)
z1
2
= arctg
= 10 o18 '
= arctg
q + 2x
10 + 2.0,5
Do :
3,14.78.1208
vs =
= 5,03( m / s )
60000 . cos 10,3
Do vy ta phi chn li vt liu
S dng ng thanh thic 5-5-5 c b= 245 MPa, ch = 90 MPa.
S dng thp 45 ch to trc vt, ti b mt t cng HRC45.
vs =
- Xc nh ng sut cho php

ng sut tip xc cho php
Theo cng thc 7.2[1] :
[ H ] = [ HO ].K HL
Vi:
- [ HO ] : ng sut tip xc cho php ng vi 107 chu k
Theo ct 7.3[1]:
[ HO ] =0,9b = 0,9.245 = 220,5 (MPa)
-KHL: h s tui th. Theo ct 7.4[1]
10 7
K HL = 8
trong N HE : s chu k thay i tng ng
N HE
4
N HE = 60 T3i n3i ti = 60 n2 t T3i . ti

T
T t
u2
3 max
3m
1280
3
5
20000 .14 + 0,7 4 = 6,46.10 7
=> NHE = 60.
17
8
8
K HL = 8
10 7
= 0,79
6,46.10 7
Vy [ H ] = [ HO ].K HL = 220,5.0,79 = 174,2 (MPa)
ng sut un cho php
[ F ] = [ FO ].K HL
Trong [ FO ] : ng sut un cho php vi 106 chu k
B truyn quay 1 chiu, theo cng thc 7.7[1] ta c:
13
n chi tit my
[ FO ] = o,25. b + 0,08 ch = 0,25.245 + 0,08.90 = 68,45( MPa)

K FL = 9
10 6
N FE
Vi
9
N FE = 60 T3i n3i ti = 60 n2 t T3i . ti

T
T t
u2
3 max
3m
1280
3
5
20000 .19 + 0,7 9 = 54,58.10 6
=> NHE = 60.
17
8
8
=> K FL = 8
Vy
10 6
54,58.10 6
= 0,64
[ F ] = [ FO ].K HL = 68,45.0,64 = 41,75 (MPa)
ng sut cho php khi qu ti

[ H ] max = 4. ch = 4.90 = 360( MPa )

[ F ] max = 0,8. ch = 0,8.90 = 72( MPa )
-Xc nh cc thng s c bn ca b truyn

Khong cch trc
Vi u2 = 17, chn z1 = 2 => z2 = u2z1 = 17.2 = 34 (rng)
Chn s b q = 0,3.z2 = 0,3.34 = 10,2
Theo bng 7.3[1], chn q = 10
T3 = 690021 Nmm
Chn s b KH = 1,2
2
a 2
170 T3 K H
= ( z 2 + q ) 3
[
]
z
q
2 H
2
170 690021 .1,2

=> a2 = ( 34 + 10 ) 3
= 179,78( mm )
34
.
174
,
2
10
Chn a2 = 180 mm.

Moum dc trc vt
2a 2
2.180
=
= 8,18
m2 =
z 2 + q 34 + 10
Theo tiu chun chn m2 = 8
14
n chi tit my
m2
( z 2 + q ) = 8.( 34 + 10 ) = 176( mm )
2
2
Ly a2 = 180 mm, khi h s dch chnh l:
a 2
180
0,5.( q + z 2 ) =
0,5(10 + 34 ) = 0,5( mm )
x=
m2
8
tho mn iu kin -0,7 < x < 0,7
i. Kim nghim
Kim nghim bn tip xc
Tnh li vn tc trt
d 2 n2
vs =
60000 . cos
Vi d2 = m2(q + 2x) = 8.(10 + 2.0,5) = 88 (mm)
z1
2
= arctg
= 10 o18 '
= arctg
q + 2x
10 + 2.0,5
Do :
3,14.88.1208
vs =
= 5,65( m / s )
60000 . cos10,3
Theo bng 7.6[1], vi vt = 5,56 (m/s), chn cp chnh xc cho b truyn
trc vt l cp 7.
Vi vt = 5,56 m/s, cp chnh xc 7, tra bng 7.7[1] ta c KHv = 1,05
3
T
z 2
K H = 1 + 1 3m
T3 max
Vi : h s bin dng trc vt. Theo bng 7.5[1], vi z1 = 2, q = 10 tra
c =86
T3m: mmen xon trung bnh trn trc vt
Vy:
Do
a 2 =
5
3
34
K H = 1 + 1 1 0,7 = 1,007
8
8
86
KH = KHvKH = 1,05.1,007= 1,06
3
z 2 + q T3 K H 170 3 34 + 10 3 690021 .1,06
H
=
= 163,42( MPa )
q
34 180
10
a
=> H < [ H ] =179,2 (MPa)
[ H ] H = 179,2 163,42 = 8,8( %)
Xt
[ H ]
179,2
170 3
=
z2
15
n chi tit my
Vy b truyn tho mn iu kin bn tip xc

Kim nghim bn un
1,4.T3YF K F
F =
[ F ]
b2 d 2 mn 2
Trong
-mn2 = m2cos: mdum php ca rng bnh vt
z1
2
o
Vi = arctg = arctg = 11.3
q
10
=> mn2 = 8cos11,3 =7,84
b2 : chiu rng vnh rng bnh vt
Theo bng 7.9[1] ta c b2 0,75da1 = 0,75(q +2)m = 0,75.12.8 = 72
Ly b2 = 72 mm
d2 = m2z2 = 8.34 = 272 (mm)
z2
34
=
= 36
YF : h s dng rng. Theo bng 7.8[1] vi z v =
cos 3 cos 3 11,3
Tra c YF = 1,63.
KF = KFv.KF = KHv.KH = 1,06
Vy:
F =
1,4.690021 .1,63.1,06
= 10,87 < [ F ] = 41,75( MPa )
72.272.7,84
Vy b truyn tho mn iu kin bn un

j. Cc thng s c bn ca b truyn
-Khong cch trc
-H s ng knh
-T s truyn
-S ren trc vt, rng bnh vt
-H s dch chnh bnh vt
-Gc vt
-Chiu di phn ct ren trc vt
-Modum
-Chiu rng bnh vt
-ng knh vng chia
-ng knh vng nh
-ng knh vng y
a = 180 mm
q = 10
u2 = 17
z1 = 2; z2 = 34
x = 0,5 mm
= 11o18
b1 = (11 + 0,1.34).8 = 115,2 (mm)
m2 = 8 mm
b2 = 72 mm
d1 = qm2 = 10.8 = 80 (mm)
d2 = m2z2 = 8.34 = 270 (mm)
da1 = d1 + 2m = 80 + 2.8 = 96 mm
da2 = m(z2 + 2 + 2x
= 8.(34 + 2 + 2.0,5) = 296 (mm)
df1 = m(q 2,4)=8.(102,4)=60,8 (mm)
df2 = m(z2 -2,4 + 2x)
=8.(34 2,4 + 2.0,5) = 260,8 (mm)
16
n chi tit my
-ng knh ngoi bnh vt
daM2 =da2+1,5m=296 +1,5.8=308 (mm)
k. Tnh nhit
B truyn lp thm qut ngui u trc vt.
Vy theo 7.32[1], din tch thot nhit cn thit ca hp gim tc l:
1000.(1 ) P2
A=
0,7.K t .(1 + ) + 0,3K tq ( [ t d ] t o )
Vi:
- : h s k n s gim nhit sinh ra trong mt n v thi gian

t
1
= ck =
= 1,13
Piti
5
3
P 1. 8 + 0,7. 8
1
- : h s k n s thot nhit qua y hp, ly = 0,25

-[td]: nhit cao nht cho php ca du, ly [td] = 90o
-to: nhit mi trng, ly to = 20o
-Ktq: h s to nhit phn b mt hp c qut
Vi n2 = 1208 vng/pht => Ktq = 24
-Kt = 13 W/m2.oC
-: hiu sut b truyn. Theo cng thc 7.22[1]
tg10,3o
= 0,95
= 0,79
tg (10,3 + 2,1)
Vy:
1000.(1 0,79 ).6,48
A=
= 0,93 m 2
[ 0,7.13.(1 + 0,25) + 0,3.24].1,13.( 90 20)
( )
3. Thit k b truyn ngoi

Ta c bng thng s ca b truyn
u=2
P3 = 5,13 kW
n3 = 71 vng/pht
l. Chn loi xch
Do vn tc thp, ti trng trung bnh nn ta dng xch con ln
m. Xc nh cc thng s ca b truyn xch
17
n chi tit my
Chn loi xch

Vi u = 2, theo bng 5.4[1] ta chn z1 = 28 l s rng a xch nh
z2 = u.z1 = 2.28 = 56 (rng)
T cng thc 5.3[1] ta c Pt = P.k.kz.kn
Vi
Pt : cng sut tnh ton
P: cng sut cn truyn, P = 5,13 kW
kz : h s rng, ta c kz =
z01 25
=
= 0,89 ,
z1 28
z01
kn: h s vng quay kn = z , vi n01 = 50 vng/pht

1
kn =
50
= 0,70
71
Theo cng thc 5.4[1]

K= k0.ka.kbt.k.kc.kc
Vi
k0 : h s k n nh hng v tr b truyn, chn k0=1
ka: h s k n khong cch trc, chn ka = 1 (a = 50p)
kc: h s k n nh hng ca lc cng xch
chn cch iu chnh bng con ln cng xch kc=1,1
kbt: h s k n nh hng bi trn, dng cch bi trn nh git,
mi trng lm vic c bi, chn kbt = 1,3
k: h s k n ti trng ng, b truyn lm vic m, chn k = 1
kc: h s k n ch lm vic b truyn, b truyn lm vic 2 ca,
kc=1,25
K = 1.1.1,1.1,3.1.1,25 = 1,79
Vy Pt = 5,13.1,79.0,89.0,7= 5,72 (kW)
Theo bng 5.5[1], vi n01 = 50 vng/pht, chn b truyn xch 1 dy c
bc xch p = 31,75 mm tho mn iu kin bn mn
Pt < [P] = 5,83 (kW).
Khong cch trc
a= 40p = 40.31,75 = 1270 (mm)
Theo cng thc 5.12[1], s mt xch
2a z1 + z 2 ( z 2 z1 ) p
+
+
x=
p
2
4 2 a
2
2.1270 28 + 56 ( 56 28) 2 31,75

+
+
x=
= 122,497
31,75
2
4 21270
Ly s mt xch chn xc = 122
Theo cng thc 5.13[1], tnh li khong cch trc:
18
n chi tit my
2
z1 + z 2
p
z 2 z1
2
+ [ xc 0,5( z1 + z 2 ) ] 2

a = xc
4
2

2
31,75
28 + 56
56 28
2
=
+ [122 0,5( 28 + 56 ) ] 2

122
4
2

=1262 (mm)
xch khng phi chu lc cng qu ln, gim a mt lng
a = 0,003a = 0,003.1262 = 4 (mm)
Vy a = 1258 mm.
S ln va p ca xch
Theo ct 5.14[1], ta c s ln va p I ca bn l xch trong 1 giy:
i=
z1n1 28.71
=
= 1,09
15 x 15.122
Theo bng 5.9[1], vi p = 31,75 th [i] = 25

Vy i < [i]
n. Tnh kim nghim xch v bn mn
Theo cng thc 5.15[1] ta c s =
Theo bng 5.2[1], vi xch con ln 1 dy c p = 31,75 th ti trng ph hu

Q = 88,5 kN, khi lng 1m xch q = 3,8 kg
k : h s ti trng ng. Do
Tmm
= 140% k = 1,2.
T
z1 pn1 28.31,75.71
=
= 1,05(m / s )
60000
60000
P
5,13
= 4981( N )
Ft: lc vng, Ft = 1000 = 1000
v
1,05
v=
Fv: lc cng do lc li tm sinh ra

Ta c Fv = qv2 = 3,8.1,052 =4,19 (N)
Fv : lc cng do trng lng nhnh xch b ng gy ra vi Fv= 9,81kfqa
trong kf: h s ph thuc vng f ca xch, ly kf = 4
Fv = 9,81.4.3,8.1,258 = 187,58 (N)
Vy
s=
Q
88500
=
= 14,35
k Ft + Fo + Fv 1,2.4891 + 187,58 + 4,19
Theo bng 5.10[1] vi n01= 50 vng/pht c [s] = 7

Vy s > [s] : b truyn xch m bo bn.
19
n chi tit my
o. ng knh a xch
p
p
d1 = sin , d2 =
sin
z1
z2
31,75
31,75
= 283,72
= 566,54
d1=
(mm), d2=
(mm)
sin
sin
28
56
Vy ng knh vng chia ca a dn d1 =283,72 mm, a b dn

d2 = 566,54 mm.
Theo bng 14.4b[1] ta c:
ng knh vng nh rng ca:
) = 31,75 0,5 + cot g = 297,81 mm

z1
28
= 581,52 mm
+ a dn: da2 = p(0,5 + cotg ) = 31,75 0,5 + cot g
z2
56
+ a dn: da1 = p(0,5 + cotg
ng knh vng y rng ca:

+ a dn: df1 = d1 2r
+ a dn: df2 = d2 2r
Vi r = 0,5025dl + 0,05. Theo bng 5.2[1] tra c dl = 19,05
r = 0,5025.19,05 + 0,05 = 9,62 (mm)
Do :
df1 = 283,72 9,62.2 = 264,48 (mm)
df2 = 566,54 9,62.2 = 547,3 (mm).
Kim nghim bn tip xc
H = 0,47
k r .( FT k + Fv ) E
[ H ]
Ak
Ft : lc vng, Ft = 4981 N
Fv : lc va p trn m dy xch
Fv = 13.10-7.n1.p3.m
Fv = 13.10-7.71.31,753.1 = 2,95 (N)
E=
E1.E2
. Vt liu dng thp c E = 2,1.105 (Mpa)
E1 + E2
k : h s ti trng ng, k = 1
kr : h s k n s rng a xch, vi z1 = 28 kr = 0,38
kd = 1 (do ch s dng 1 dy xch)
Theo bng 5.12[1], vi p = 31,75 c A = 262 mm2
20
n chi tit my
Vy:
0,38.( 4981 .1 + 2,95) 2,1.10 5
H = 0,47
= 579( MPa )
262.1
Nh vy dng thp 45 ti ci thin, t rn HB210, ng sut tip xc
cho php l [ H ] = 600 Mpa.
p. Xc nh lc tc dng ln trc
Theo cng thc 5.20[1]: Fr = kx.Ft
B truyn t nm nghing gc < 40o, chn kx = 1,15
Vy Fr = 1,15.4981 = 5728 (N)
*Cc thng s ca b truyn xch:
+S rng
+ng knh vng chia
+ng knh vng nh
+ng knh vng y rng
+Khong cch trc
+S mt xch
z1 = 28
z2 = 56
d1 = 283,72 mm
d2 = 566,54 mm
da1 = 297,81 mm
da2 = 581,52 mm
df1 = 264,48 (mm)
df2 = 547,3 (mm)
a =1258 mm
x = 122
21
n chi tit my
III.
THIT K TRC, LA CHN LN V KHP NI

1. S phn tch lc chung
Fk
F t1
F r1
F
F r2
t2
F
F t3
a3
F
Xy
F r4
F r3
F
Xx
F a4
F
t4
22
n chi tit my
2. Thit k trc
a. Tnh cc lc tc dng ln trc do chi tit quay
Ft1 = Ft 2 =
2T1 2.21963
=
= 837 ( N )
d1
52,5
Ft1
837
=
= 890( N )
cos cos 20
2T2
2.51228
=
=
= 1281( N )
d trucvit
80
Fr1 = Fr 2 =
Ft 3 = Fa 4
Ft 4 = Fa 3 =
2T3
d bnhvt
2.690021
= 5111( N )
270
Ft 3 .tg 1281.tg 20
=
= 475( N )
cos
cos11,3
q. Thit k trc 1
Tnh s b ng knh trc
ng c 160S2 c ng knh trc l D = 38 mm, do theo cng thc
kinh nghim ly ng knh trc 1 l
d1 = 0,8.D = 0,8.38 = 30,4. ly d1 = 30 mm
Vi d1 = 30 mm, theo bng 10.2[1], ta chn s b chiu rng ln cho trc
1 l b01 = 19 mm.
Fr 3 = Fr 4 =
23
n chi tit my
S tnh chiu di cc on trc

l 12
k3
l1 1
hn
l1 3
k2
k1
b1 3
l m 12
lm 13
b0
Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi v cc im t lc

Da vo bng 10.13[1] v 10.14[1] ta tnh c khong cch gia cc gi
v im t lc nh sau:
T cng thc 10.10[1],10.11[1],10.13[1] ta c:
Chiu di may na khp ni:
lm12 = (1,42,5)d1 = (1,42,5).30 = 42 75. Chn lm12 = 50 mm
Chiu di may bnh rng tr:
lm13 = (1,21,5)d1 = (1,21,5).30 = 36 45. Chn lm13 = 40 mm
Khong cngxn trn trc 1:
lc12 = 0,5(lm12 + b01) + k3 + hn = 0,5.(50 + 19) + 15 +15 = 64,5 mm
Khong cch t trc n bnh rng th nht l:
l13 = 0,5(lm13 + b01) + k1 + k2 = 0,5(40 + 19) + 10 + 10 = 49,5 mm
Vi: k3 l khong cch t mt mt ca chi tit quay n np ,
ly k3 = 15 mm.
hn l chiu cao np v u bulng, ly hn = 15 mm.
l12 = lc12 = 64,5 mm
l11 = 2l13 = 2.49,5 = 99 mm
24
n chi tit my
Xc nh phn lc ti cc gi :
Fy1
Fk
Fy2
Fx1
Fr1
Fx2
Ft1
K hiu cc lc khp v trc nh hnh v

Vi Fk = 0,2.Ft1 =0,2.837 = 167 (N)
Ta c phng trnh cn bng lc v mmen
Fky = Fy1 + Fy 2 Fr1 = 0
Fkx = Fk Fx 2 Fx1 + Ft1 = 0
( )
( F ) = F .l
mO1 x Fky = Fr1.l13 Fy 2 .l11 = 0

mO1 y
kx
k 12
+ Fx 2 .l11 Ft1.l13 = 0
Fr1.l13 890.49,5
F
=
=
= 445( N )
y
2
l11
99
Fk .l12 + Ft1.l13 167.64,5 + 837.49,5
=
= 527 ( N )
Fx 2 =
l11
99
Fx1 = Ft1 Fk Fx 2 = 837 167 527 = 143( N )
Fy1 = Fr1 Fy 2 = 890 445 = 445( N )
25
n chi tit my
Ta c biu mmen un xon:
Fy 1
Fk
Fx 1
Fy 2
Fr 1
Fx 2
Ft 1
22028 N m m
10772 N m m
26087 N m m
35k6
38H7/k6
35k6
30k6
21963 N m m
26
n chi tit my
Xc nh ng knh cc on trc
Mmen un tng ng ti cc tit din trc 1 l:
Theo ct 10.15[1], 10.16[1] ta c:
M t 10 = M x210 + M y210 + 0,75T102 = 0,75.21963 2 = 19021( Nmm )
M t 11 = M x211 + M y211 + 0,75T112
= 0 + 10772 2 + 0,75.21963 2 = 21859( Nmm )
M t 12 = M x212 + M y212 + 0,75T122
= 22028 2 + 26087 2 + 0,75.21963 2 = 39084 ( Nmm )
M t 13 = M x213 + M y213 + 0,75T132 = 0
T cng thc 10.17[1] ta c:
M t
d =3
0,1[ ]
Vt liu l thp 45 c b = 600 MPa, ng knh trc s b l d1 = 30 mm,
theo bng 10.5[1] c [] = 63 MPa
Do ta c:
19021
d 01 = 3
= 14,5( mm )
0,1.63
d11 = 3
21859
= 15,13( mm )
0,1.63
d12 = 3
39084
= 18,37( mm )
0,1.63
d13 = 0
Xut pht t yu cu v cng ngh, lp ghp v bn, ta chn ng knh
cc on trc 1 nh sau:
d10 = 32 mm, d12 = 38 mm, d11 =d13 = 35 mm
Ta c kt cu trc 1 nh hnh v
Kim nghim
Kim nghim v bn mi
Da vo biu mmen trc 1, ta kim nghim ti tit din 12 l tit din
nguy him ca trc 1
Theo cng thc 10.19[1], trc tho mn v bn mi nu:
s s
s=
[ s]
s2 + s2
27
n chi tit my
Trong
s l h s an ton ch xt ring n ng sut php

s l h s an ton ch xt ring n ng sut tip
Theo cng thc 10.20[1], 10.21[1] ta c:
1
s =
kd a + m
1
kd a + m
Vi -1 , -1 : gii hn mi un v mi xon ng vi chu k i xng
Trc lm bng thp 45 c b = 600 MPa. Do :
-1 = 0,436.b = 0,436.600 = 261,6 MPa
-1 = 0,58.-1 = 0,58.261,6 = 151,73 MPa
a,a : bin ca ng sut php v ng sut tip
m,m : tr s ng sut trung bnh ca ng sut php v ng sut tip
Do trc quay, theo cng thc 10.22[1] ta c:
M
a = max = , m = 0
W
d 3 bt1 ( d t1 ) 2
W=
32
2d
3
bt1 ( d t1 ) 2
d
Wo =
16
2d
Theo bng 9.1[1] vi d12 = 38 mm, tra c then c t1 = 5 mm, b = 10 mm
Do :
.383 10.5( 38 5) 2
W=
= 4668 mm 3
32
2.38
s =
.383 10.5( 38 5) 2
Wo =
= 10052 mm 3
16
2.38
M
19135 2 + 23383 2
a =
=
= 11,64( MPa )
W
4668
Trc quay 1 chiu, ng sut thay i theo chu k mch ng
T
21963
=
= 1,09
=> m = a =
2Wo 2.10052
, : h s k n nh hng ca tr s ng sut trung bnh n bn
mi.
Theo bng 10.7[1] tra c: = 0,05; = 0

Kd , Kd : h s. theo cng thc 10.25[1], 10.26[1] ta c:
28
n chi tit my
Kd
Kd
K
+ Kx 1
=
Ky
K
+ Kx 1
=
Ky
Theo bng 10.8[1], 10.9[1] chn c:

Kx = 1,06 (trc gia cng trn my tin vi Ra = 2,5..0,63)
Ky = 1 ( khng tng bn b mt)
, : h s kch thc k n nh hng ca kch thc tit din trc.
Theo bng 10.10 ta c: = 0,85; = 0,74
K, K : h s tp trung ng sut thc t khi un, xon
Theo bng 10.12[1], dng dao phay ngn ta tra c:
K =1,76; K = 1,54
H7
Bnh rng lp trn trc theo kiu lp
, theo bng 10.11[1] tra c:
k6
K
K
= 2,06;
= 1,64
Ta li c:
K 1,76
=
= 2,07
0,85
K 1,54
=
= 2,08
0,74
Do vy ta chn
K
K
= 2,07;
= 2,08
Vy ta c:
2,07 + 1,06 1
Kd =
= 2,13
1
2,08 + 1,06 1
Kd =
= 2,14
1
261,1
s
=
= 10,7
2,13.11,46 + 0,05.0
s = 151,73
= 65
2,14.1,09 + 0
29
n chi tit my
=> s =
65.10,7
2
= 10,65 > [ s ]
65 + 10,7
Do vy trc 1 tho mn iu kin v h s an ton.
r. Thit k trc 2
Tnh s b ng knh trc
Tk
0,2[ ]
Chn vt liu lm trc l thp 45 c b = 600 MPa, [] = 12..20 MPa
Do :
51228
= 25,75
d2 3
0,2.15
Chn s b d2 = 30 mm
Theo bng 10.2[1], ta chn s b chiu rng ln cho trc 2 l b02 = 19 mm
Theo cng thc 10.9[1] dk 3
k2
k1
lm 22
l23
l2 2
l21
30
n chi tit my

v im t lc nh sau:
T cng thc 10.10[1],10.11[1],10.13[1] ta c:
Chiu di may bnh rng tr:
lm22 = (1,21,5)d2 = (1,21,5).30 = 36 45. Chn lm12 = 40 mm
Khong cch t bnh rng n trc l:
l22 = 0,5(lm22 + b02) + k1 + k2 = 0,5.(40+ 19) +10 +10 = 49,5mm
l21 = (0,9..1)daM2 = (0,9..1)308 = 277,2..308. Ly l21 = 300 mm
l
l23 = 21 = 150( mm )
2
Ft2
Fr2
Fy3
Fy4
Fa3
Ft3
Fx3
Fr3
F x4
K hiu cc lc nh hnh v
Fky = Fr 2 Fy 3 + Fr 3 Fy 4 = 0
Fkx = Fx3 Fx 4 + Ft 3 Ft 2 = 0
( )
(F ) = F
mO3 x Fky = Fr 2 .l22 Fr 3 .l 23 + Fa 3 .

mO3 y
kx
t 2 .l 22
d tv
+ Fy 4 .l21 = 0
2
Ft 3 .l23 + Fx 4 .l21 = 0
31
n chi tit my
d tv
F
.
l
F
.
l
F
.
r
3
23
r
2
22
a
3
2
Fy 4 =
l 21
475.150 5111.40 890.49,5

= 591( N )
=
300
Ft 2 .l 22 + Ft 3 .l 23 837.49,5 + 1281.150
=
= 779( N )
Fx 4 =
l
300
21
Fx 3 = Fx 4 Ft 3 + Ft 2 = 779 1281 + 837 = 335( N )
Fy 3 = Fr 3 Fy 4 + Fr 2 = 475 + 591 + 890 = 1956( N )
32
n chi tit my
Ta c biu mmen xon v un ca trc 2
Ft 2
Fr 2
Fy 3
Fy 4
Fa 3
Ft 3 Fr 3
Fx 3
Fx 4
88650 N m m
44055 N m m
115790 N m m
41432 N m m
116850 N m m
1 6 H 7 /k 6
30k6
30 k6
51228 N m m
33
n chi tit my
Xc nh ng knh cc on trc 2
Mmen tng ng ti cc tit din trc 2 l:
Theo cng thc 10.15[1], 10.16[1] ta c:
M t = M x2 + M y2 + 0,75T 2
Vy:
M t 20 = 0 + 0,75.51228 2 = 44365 ( Nmm )
M t 21 = 44055 2 + 41432 2 + 0,75.51228 2 = 75005( Nmm )

M t 22 = 115790 2 + 116850 2 + 0,75.51228 2 = 170380 ( Nmm )
M t 23 = 0
T cng thc 10.17[1]:
M t
d =3
0,1[ ]
Thp 45 c b = 600 MPa, ng knh s b trc 2 l d 2 = 30 mm, theo
bng 10.5[1] c [ ] = 63 MPa.
Do ta c:
44365
d 20 = 3
= 19 ,17( mm )
0,1.63
d 21 = 3
75005
= 22,8( mm )
0,1.63
d 22 = 3
170380
= 30,02( mm )
0,1.63
d 23 = 0
cc on trc 2 nh sau:
d20 = 28 mm, d21 =d23 = 30 mm
Kt cu trc nh hnh v.
s. Thit k trc 3
Tnh s b ng knh trc
Tk
Theo cng thc 10.9[1] dk 3
0,2[ ]
Chn vt liu lm trc l thp 45 c b = 600 MPa, [] = 12..20 MPa
Do :
690021
= 61,27
d3 3
0,2.15
Chn s b d3 = 65 mm
Theo bng 10.2[1], ta chn s b chiu rng ln cho trc 3 l b03 = 33 mm
34
n chi tit my
b0
hn
k3
lm 3 3
k1
k1
lm 3 2
l3 2
l3 1
l3 3

v im t lc nh sau:
T cng thc 10.10[1],10.11[1],10.13[1] ta c:
Chiu di may bnh vt:
lm32 = (1,21,8)d3 = (1,21,8).65 = 78 117. Chn lm32 = 80 mm
Chiu di may a xch:
lm33 = (1,21,5)d3 = (1,21,5).65 = 78 97,5. Chn lm33 = 80 mm
Khong cngxn trn trc 3 t a xch ti l:
lc33 = 0,5(lm33 + b03) + k3 + hn = 0,5.(80+ 33) +15 +15 = 86,5mm
l32 = 0,5(lm32 + b03) + k1 + k2 = 0,5.(80+ 33) +10 +10 = 76,5mm
l31 = 2.l32 = 2.76,5 = 153 mm
l33 = l31 + lc33 = 153 + 86,5 = 239,5 mm
35
n chi tit my
B truyn xch t nm nghing gc = 300
Lc tc dng ln trc ca b truyn xch l:
FX = 5728 N
3
= 4961( N )
FXx = FX . cos 30 = 5728.
2
F = F .sin 30 = 5728. 1 = 2864( N )

X
Xy
2
K hiu cc lc nh hnh v
F y5
FXy
F y6
F
Fa4
Fr4
Ft4
FXx
Fx6

Fkx = Fx5 + Fx 6 Ft 4 FXx = 0
Fky = Fy 5 + Fy 6 Fr 4 FXy = 0
( )
(F ) = F
mO5 x Fky = Fa 4 .
mO5 y
kx
d bv
+ Fr 4 .l32 + FXy .l33 Fy 6 .l31 = 0
2
t 4 .l32
Fx 6 .l31 + FXx .l33 = 0
d bv
F
.
+ Fr 4 .l32 + FXy .l33
a
4
2
Fy 6 =
l31
1281.135 + 475.76,5 + 2864.239,5

= 3590( N )
=
153
Ft 4 .l32 + FXx .l33 5111.76,5 + 4961.239,5

=
= 10321( N )
Fx 6 =
l
153
31
Fx 5 = Ft 4 FXx + Fx 6 = 5111 4961 + 10321 = 249( N )
Fy 5 = Fr 4 + Fy 6 FXy = 475 + 3590 2864 = 251( N )
36
n chi tit my
Ta c biu mmen xon v un ca trc
Fy 5
Fy 6
Fx 5
Fa 4
Fr 4
Ft 4
FX y
FX x
Fx 6
1 91 2 79 N m m2 4 77 3 6 N m m
19049 N m m
37
H7/k6
60k6
63 H7/k6
60k6
429127 N m m
690021 N m m
n chi tit my
Xc nh ng knh cc on trc
Mmen tng ng ti cc tit din trc 3 l:
Theo cng thc 10.15[1], 10.16[1] ta c:
M t = M x2 + M y2 + 0,75T 2
Vy:
M t 30 = 0
M t 31 = 192137 2 + 19049 2 + 0,75.690021 2 = 627994 ( Nmm )
M t 32 = 247736 2 + 429127 2 + 0,75.6900212 = 776286 ( Nmm )

M t 33 = 0,75.6900212 = 597576 ( Nmm )
T cng thc 10.17[1]:
M t
d=
0,1[ ]
Thp 45 c b = 600 MPa, ng knh s b trc 3 l d 3 = 65 mm, theo
bng 10.5[1] c [ ] =50 MPa.
Do ta c:
d 30 = 0
d 31 = 3
627994
= 50,08( mm )
0,1.50
d 32 = 3
776286
= 53,75( mm )
0,1.50
589277
= 49,26( mm )
0,1.50
cc on trc 3 nh sau:
d30 = d32 = 60 mm , d31 =63 mm, d33 = 55 mm
d 33 = 3
Kim nghim
Kim nghim v bn mi
Da vo biu mmen trc 3, ta kim nghim ti tit din 31 v 32 l tit
din nguy him ca trc 3.
Theo cng thc 10.19[1], trc tho mn v bn mi nu:
s s
s=
[ s]
2
2
s + s
Trong
s l h s an ton ch xt ring n ng sut php
s l h s an ton ch xt ring n ng sut tip
Theo cng thc 10.20[1], 10.21[1] ta c:
38
n chi tit my
1
kd a + m
1
s =
kd a + m
Vi -1 , -1 : gii hn mi un v mi xon ng vi chu k i xng
Trc lm bng thp 45 c b = 600 MPa. Do :
-1 = 0,436.b = 0,436.600 = 261,6 MPa
-1 = 0,58.-1 = 0,58.261,6 = 151,73 MPa
a,a : bin ca ng sut php v ng sut tip
m,m : tr s ng sut trung bnh ca ng sut php v ng sut tip
Do trc quay, theo cng thc 10.22[1] ta c:
M
a = max = , m = 0
W
M1
a1 = W
= M 2
a 2 W2
Theo bng 10.6[1] ti tit din trc c lp then
d 3 bt1 ( d t1 ) 2
W=
32
2d
d 3 bt1 ( d t1 ) 2
Wo =
16
2d
Theo bng 9.1[1], d31 = 63 mm, tra c then c t31 = 6 mm, b1 = 16 mm
Do :
.633 16.6( 63 6) 2
W1 =
= 22064 mm 3
32
2.63
.633 16.6( 63 6 ) 2
W1o =
= 46596 mm 3
16
2.63
s =
Ti tit din trc lp ln c

d 3
W=
32
Wo =
d 3
16
39
n chi tit my
.603
W
=
= 21195 mm 3
2
32
3
W = .60 = 42390 mm 3
20
16
Do ta c:
M1
192137 2 + 19049 2
=
= 8,75
a1 =
W
22064
M2
247736 2 + 429127 2
= 23,38
a 2 = W =
21195
Trc quay 1 chiu, ng sut thay i theo chu k mch ng

T
=> m = a =
2Wo
T3
690021
m31 = a1 = 2W = 2.46596 = 7,4
10
T3
690021
=
= 8,14
m32 = a 2 =
2W20 2.42390
, : h s k n nh hng ca tr s ng sut trung bnh n bn
mi.
Theo bng 10.7[1] tra c: = 0,05; = 0

Kd , Kd : h s. theo cng thc 10.25[1], 10.26[1] ta c:
K
+ Kx 1
Kd =
Ky
Kd
K
+ Kx 1
=
Ky
Theo bng 10.8[1], 10.9[1] chn c:

Kx = 1,06 (trc gia cng trn my tin vi Ra = 2,5..0,63)
Ky = 1 ( khng tng bn b mt)
, : h s kch thc k n nh hng ca kch thc tit din trc.
Theo bng 10.10 ta c: 1 = 2 = 0,78; 1 = 2 = 0,75
K, K : h s tp trung ng sut thc t khi un, xon
Theo bng 10.12[1], dng dao phay ngn ta tra c:
K =1,76; K = 1,54
40
n chi tit my
Bnh rng lp trn trc theo kiu lp
H7
, theo bng 10.11[1] tra c:
k6
K K
K K
=
=
= 2,52;
= 2,03
1 2
1 2
Ta li c:
K K 1,76
=
=
= 2,26
1 2 0,78
K K 1,54
=
=
= 2,05
1 2 0,75
Do vy ta chn
K K
K K
=
=
= 2,52;
= 2,05
1 2
1 2
Vy ta c:
2,52 + 1,06 1
Kd 1 = Kd 2 =
= 2,58
1
2,05 + 1,06 1
Kd 1 = Kd 1 =
= 2,11
1
1
261,1
s 1 =
=
= 11,57
kd 1 a1 + m 2,58.8,75 + 0.0,05
1
261,1
=
= 4,33
kd 2 a 2 + m 2,58.23,38 + 0.0,05
1
151,73
s 1 =
=
= 9,7
kd1 a1 + m1 2,11.7,4 + 0
1
151,73
s 2 =
=
= 8,83
kd 2 a 2 + m 2 2,11.8,14 + 0
s 2 =
11,57.9,7
s
=
= 7,4 > [ s ]
1
2
2
11,57 + 9,7
=>
4,33.8,83
s =
= 3,89 > [ s ]
2
2
2
4,33 + 8,83
Do vy trc 3 tho mn iu kin v h s an ton.
41
n chi tit my
3. Chn then
Ta c bng cc kch thc ca then chn ti cc tit din trc:
`
Tit din
ng knh trc
bxh
t1
t2
r1
r2
10
20
31
33
30
40
63
55
8x7
12 x 8
18 x 11
16 x 10
4
5
7
6
2,8
3,3
4,4
4,3
0,16
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,4
0,4
0,4
Then chn phi tho mn iu kin ct v dp theo cng thc 9.1[1] v

9.2[2]:
2T
d =
[ d ]
dlt ( h t1 )
c =
2T
[ c ]
dlt b
Trong :
d , c : ng sut dp v ng sut ct tnh ton, MPa
d: ng knh trc, mm, xc nh c khi tnh trc
T: mmen xon trn trc, Nmm
lt: chiu di then
b,h,t: cc kch thc ca then
[d]: ng sut dp cho php, MPa
[ c]: ng sut ct cho php
Ta c bng kt qu kim nghim then i vi cc tit din ca trc
Vi lt = 1,35d:
Tit din
10
20
31
33
d ( MPa )
12,05
15,8
64,39
84,48
T (Nmm)
21963
51228
690021
690021
c ( MPa )
4,5
3,95
14,3
21,2
Theo bng 9.5[1], vi c tnh ti trng l tnh, dng lp c nh ta c

[d] = 150 MPa
[ c] = 60 90 MPa
Vy tt c cc mi ghp then u m bo bn dp v bn ct.
42
n chi tit my
4. Chn ln
a. Trc 1
Chn loi ln
Do trc 1 s dng cp bnh rng thng, lc dc trc Fa = 0 nn ta s dng
bi
Chn s , kch thc
T s kt cu trc vi dngng = 35 mm, theo bng P2.7 ta chn bi c
nh k hiu 207 c cc kch thc nh sau:
-ng knh trong: d = 35 mm
-ng knh ngoi: D = 72 mm
-Kh nng ti tnh: Co = 13,90 kN
-Kh nng ti ng: C = 20,1 kN
Tnh kim nghim kh nng ti ng ca

o chiu khp ni tnh li Fx, Fy
S nh hnh v
Fy1
Fy2
Fk
Fx1
Fr1
Ft1
Ta c cc phng trnh cn bng

Fky = Fy' 1 + Fy' 2 Fr1 = 0
Fkx = Fk Fx' 2 Fx'1 + Ft1 = 0
( )
( F ) = F .l
mO1 x Fky = Fr1.l13 Fy' 2 .l11 = 0

mO1 y
kx
k 12
+ Fx' 2 .l11 Ft1.l13 = 0

43
Fx2
n chi tit my
Fr1.l13 890.49,5
'
F
=
=
= 445( N )
y
2
l11
99
Fk .l12 + Ft1.l13 167.64,5 + 837.49,5

'
Fx 2 =
=
= 310( N )
l11
99
'
'
Fx1 = Ft1 + Fk F x 2 = 837 + 167 310 = 694( N )
'
'
Fy1 = Fr1 Fy 2 = 890 445 = 445( N )
Ta c:
Fr'0 = 694 2 + 445 2 = 824( N )
Fr'1 = 310 2 + 445 2 = 542( N )
Mt khc:
Fr0 = 143 2 + 445 2 = 467( N )
527 2 + 445 2 = 689( N )
Do vy ta s dng cp gi tr Fr'0 = 824 N , Fr'1 = 542 kim nghim kh
nng ti ng ca ln.
Do Fr'0 > Fr'1 nn ta kim tra kh nng ti ng ca 0 chu tc ng ca
Fr1 =
lc hng tm Fr'0 = 824 N

Q = (XVFr + YFa)ktk
Vi
Fa = 0
X: h s ti trng hng tm, X = 1
V: h s k n vng no quay, V = 1 (vng trong quay)
Kt : h s k n nh hng ca nhit , kt = 1 (t < 1000)
Kd : h s k n c tnh ti trng, theo bng 11.3[1], chn kd = 1,3
Do :
Q = 1.1.824.1.1,3 = 1071,2 (N)
Do ti trng thay i nn ta c ti trng ng quy c l:
5 3
QE = Q3 + (0,7) 3 = 930( N )
8 8
QE = QE m L
Vi
QE : ti trng ng quy c
m: bc ca ng cong mi, m = 3
L : tui th ca , tnh bng triu vng quay
44
n chi tit my
L=
Lh .60n
10 6
Lh : tui th ca , Lh = 20000 gi
Vi
n = 2935 vng/pht
20000 .60.2935
L=
= 3522 (triu vng)
10 6
Cd = 0,933 3522 = 14,15 (kN) < C = 20,1 kN
Vy tho mn kh nng ti ng.
Kim nghim kh nng ti tnh ca
Qt = X0Fr + Y0Fa
Do
Fa = 0
X0 : h s ti trng hng tm, theo bng X0 = 0,6
=> Qt = 0,6.824 = 494 < Fr'0 = 824 N
Do : Q0 = 824 N
=> Q0 < C0
=> tho mn kh nng ti tnh.
b. Trc 2
Chn loi ln
Do vn tc trt trn b truyn bnh vt trc vt ln, nhit sinh ra nhiu,
trc b gin di trong qu trnh lm vic. Mt khc ti trng dc trc ln. Do vy
ta s dng bi tu ng ti v tr gia bnh rng v trc vt, cn li s
dng kp l cp a cn.
Chn s , kch thc kp
T s kt cu trc vi dngng = 30 mm, theo bng P2.11 ta chn a
cn c trung rng k hiu 7606 c cc kch thc nh sau:
-Kh nng ti tnh: Co = 51 kN
-Gc n khp: = 12,000
Ta c:
Fr4 =
Fx24 + Fy24 = 779 2 + 5912 = 978( N )

Q = (0,6XVF r + YFa)ktk
Theo cng thc 11.15b[1] ta c ti trng dc trc l:
Fa = 0,5.0,83.e.Fr + Fat
45
n chi tit my
Vi
Fat = 5111N
e = 1,5tg = 1,5.tg12 = 0,3188
=> Fa = 0,5.0,83.0,3188.978 + 5111 = 5240 (N)
Fa
5240
=
= 5,36 >e
Do
VFr 1.978
Nn theo bng 11.4[1] ta c:
X = 0,4
Y = 0,4cotg = 0,4.cotg12 = 1,88
Do :
Q = (0,6.0,4.1.978+1,88.5240).1.1,3 = 13112 (N)
10
Q3
10
5 3
QE =
+ (0,7) 3 = 11976 ( N )
8 8
Cd = QE m L
Vi
10
m: bc ca ng cong mi, m =
3
L .60n
L= h 6
10
L
Vi
h : tui th ca , Lh = 20000 gi
n2 = 1208 vng/pht
20000 .60.1208
L=
= 1449,6 (triu vng)
6
10
10
= 11,976 3 1449,6
Cd
= 106,33 (kN) > C = 61,3 kN
=> khng tho mn kh nng ti ng.
Do vy ta kt hp gim thi gian lm vic t Lh = 20000 gi xung
1
L'h = 20000 = 10000 gi, ng thi tng ng knh trc t 30 mm ln 45 mm.
2
46
n chi tit my
Da vo bng P2.11[1], ta chn cp a cn c k hiu 7609 c trung rng c

cc kch thc nh sau:
-ng knh trong
-ng knh ngoi:
-Kh nng ti tnh
-Kh nng ti ng
-Gc n khp
d = 45 mm
D = 100 mm
Co = 90,5 kN
C = 104,0 kN
= 11,000
Vi = 110 ta c e = 1,5tg11 = 0,29

=> Fa = 0,5.0,83.0,29.978 + 5111 = 5229 (N)
Fa
5229
=
= 5,35 >e
Do
VFr 1.978
Nn theo bng 11.4[1] ta c:
X = 0,4
Y = 0,4cotg = 0,4.cotg11 = 2,06
Do :
Q = (0,6.0,4.1.978+2,06.5229).1.1,3 = 14308 (N)
10
Q3
10
5 3
QE =
+ (0,7) 3 = 13068( N )
8 8
Cd = QE m L
Vi
10
3
L .60n
L= h 6
10
Vi
n2 = 1208 vng/pht
10000 .60.1208
L=
= 724,8 (triu vng)
10 6
10
= 13,068 3
Cd
724,8 = 94,25 (kN) > C = 104 kN
=> tho mn kh nng ti ng.
47
n chi tit my

Theo cng thc 11.19[1] ti trng tnh quy c tc dng vo l:
Qt = 0,6.X0Fr + Y0Fa
Do
Fa = 0
X0 : h s ti trng hng tm, theo bng 11.6[1] c
X0 = 0,5
Y0 = 0,22cotg = 0,22.cotg11 = 1,13
=> Qt = (0,6.0,5.978+1,13.5229) = 6202 > Fr
Do : Q0 = 6202 N
=> Q0 < C0 = 90,5 kN
Chn bi tu ng
Vi ng knh ngng trc l dngng = 45 mm, theo bng P2.7[1] ta chn
bi c nh c k hiu 209 c cc kch thc nh sau:
Fr3 = 335 2 + 1956 2 = 1984( N )
Q = VFr ktk
Trong :
Do :
Q = 1.1984.1.1,3 = 2579 (N)
5 3
QE = Q3 + (0,7) 3 = 2347 ( N )
8 8
QE = QE m L
Vi
m: bc ca ng cong mi, m = 3
48
n chi tit my
L=
Lh .60n
10 6
Vi
n1 = 1208 vng/pht
10000 .60.1208
L=
= 724,8 (triu vng)
10 6
Cd = 2,347 3 724,8 = 21,08 (kN) < C = 25,7 kN
Vy tho mn kh nng ti ng.
Theo cng thc 11.19[1] v 11.20[1], Fa = 0
=> Q0 = Fr = 1984 N
=> Q0 < C0 = 18,1 kN
c. Trc 3
Chn loi ln
Trn trc 3 c gn bnh vt, do yu cu v n khp ca bnh vt nn trc 3
cn c cng vng cao, do ta s dng cp a cn.
Chn s , kch thc
T s kt cu trc vi dngng = 60 mm, theo bng P2.11 ta chn a
cn c nh k hiu 7212 c cc kch thc nh sau:
-Gc n khp: = 13,170
S b tr nh sau:
Fr o
Fat
F so
Fr1
Fs1

Ta c:
Fr5 =
Fx25 + Fy25 = 249 2 + 2512 = 354( N )
Fr6 =
Fx26 + Fy26 = 103212 + 3590 2 = 10928( N )

49
n chi tit my
e = 1,5.tg = 1,5.tg13,17 = 0,35

Lc dc trc do cc lc hng tm sinh ra trn cc l:
Fs5 = 0,83e.Fr5 = 0,83.0,35.354 = 102,8
Fs6 = 0,83e.Fr6 = 0,83.0,35.10928 = 3175
Theo bng 11.5[1], tng lc dc trc tc dng ln l:
Fa5 = Fs 6 + Fat = 3175 + 1281 = 4456
Fa 6 = Fs5 Fat = 102,8 1281 = 1178,2
Do
Ta c:
Fa5 > Fs5 Fa5 = Fa5 = 4456( N )

Fa 6 < Fs 6 Fa 6 = Fa 6 = 3175( N )
Fa 5
4456
=
= 12,59 > e
VFr 5 1.354
X5 = 0,4; Y5 = 0,4.cotg = 0,4.cotg13,17 = 1,71
Fa 6
3175
=
= 0,29 < e
VFr 6 1.10928
=> X6 = 1, Y6 = 0
Theo cng thc 11.3[1] ti trng quy c trn l:
Q5 = (X5VFr5 + Y5Fa5)ktk = (0,4.1.354 +1,71.4456)1.1,3 = 10090 N
Q6 = (X6VFr6 + Y6Fa6)ktk = 1.1.10928 .1.1,3 = 14206 N
Vi
=> Q6 > Q5
Vy ta ch cn kim nghim cho 6 l
Do b truyn lm vic vi ti trng thay i nn theo cng thc 11.12[1],
ti trng ng tng ng tc dng ln l:
10
3
10
QE = Q6 5 + 3 (0,7) 3 = 12975( N )
8 8
Cd = QE m L
Vi
QE : ti trng ng tng ng
10
3
50
n chi tit my
L=
Lh .60n
10 6
Vi
n3 = 71 vng/pht
20000 .60.71
L=
= 85,2 (triu vng)
10 6
10
= 12,975 3
Cd
85,2 = 49,23 (kN) < C = 61,3 kN
=> tho mn kh nng ti ng.
Theo cng thc 11.19[1] ti trng tnh quy c tc dng vo l:
Qt = X0Fr + Y0Fa
Do
Fa6 = 3175 N
Fa5 = 4456 N
X0 : h s ti trng hng tm, theo bng 11.6[1] c
X0 = 0,5
Y0 = 0,22cotg = 0,22.cotg11 = 1,13
Nn ta c:
Qt6 = (0,5.10,928+1,13.3,175) = 9,05
Qt5 = (0,5.0,354+1,13.4,456) = 5,21
Do ly Q0 = 9,05 kN
=> Q0 < C0 = 90,5 kN
5. Chn khp ni
S dng phng php ni trc vng n hi. Hai na ni trc ni vi nhau
bng b phn n hi, s dng b phn n hi l cao su. Nh c b phn n
hi cho nn ni trc n hi c kh nng gim va p v chn ng, phng
cng hng do dao ng xon gy nn v b li lch trc.
Mmem xon danh ngha cn truyn l: T = 690021 Nmm
Mmen xon tnh ton l:
Theo cng thc 16.1[2] ta c: Tt = k.T
Vi k: h s ch lm vic, ph thuc vo loi my. Theo bng 16.1[2]
ly k = 1,5.
Vy Tt = 1,5.22,419 = 33,629 (Nm)
Theo bng 16.10a[2], vi ng knh ca trc 1 l 32 mm ta chn kch
thc c bn ca ni trc vng n hi nh sau:
D
dm
L
l
d1
D0
Z
nmax B
B1
l1
D3
l2
125 65 165 80
56
90
4
460
5
42
30
28
32
0
51
n chi tit my
Kch thc c bn ca vng n hi

dc
dl
D2
l
14
M10
20
62
l1
34
l2
15
l3
28
h
-
*Kim nghim iu kin bn ca vng n hi v cht

Ta c iu kin sc bn dp ca vng n hi l:
2kT
[ ] d vi [ ] d = 2 MPa
ZDo d c l3
2.1,5.22419
= 0,48( MPa) tha mn d [ ] d
Ta c d =
4.90.14.28
d =
iu kin sc bn ca cht:
kTlo
[ ] u
0,1.d c3 .Do .Z
l
15
lo = l1 + 2 = 34 + = 41,5(mm)
2
2
u =
Ta c u =
vi
[ ] u = 60 80 MPa ,
1,5.22419 .41,5
= 14,13( MPa ) tha mn u [ ] u
0,1.14 3.4.90
Vy ni trc vng n hi chn tha mn cc iu kin bn v dp ca

vng n hi v cht.
IV.
TNH TON V CHN CC YU T CA V HP V

CC CHI TIT KHC
1. Cc kch thc ca v hp gim tc
a. Chiu dy
- Chiu dy thn hp:
0 = 0,03.abv-tv + 3 = 0,03.180 + 3 = 8,4 (mm)
Ly 0 = 9 mm
- Chiu dy np bn:
1 = 0,03.awbr + 3 = 0,03.85 + 3 = 5,55 (mm)
Ly 0 = 8 mm
- Chiu dy np trn:
2 = 0,9. 0 = 0,9.9 = 8,1
Ly 2 = = 8 mm
- Chiu dy np kp:
3 = 1 = 8 mm
52
n chi tit my
b. Gn tng cng
- Chiu dy: e = (0,8 1)9 = 7,2 9
Ly e = 8 mm
- Chiu cao: h = 50 mm
- dc : 20
c. ng knh
- Bulng nn:
d1 > 0,04atv-bv +10 = 0,04.180 + 10 = 17,2
Ly d1 = 18 mm
- Bulng cnh :
d2 = (0,7 0,8) d1 = 12,6 14,4.
Ly d2 = 14 mm
- Bulng ghp np bch v thn:
d3 = (0,8 0,9)d2 = 11,2 12,6
Ly d3 = 12 mm
- Vt ghp np :
d4 = (0,6 0,7)d2 = 8,4 9,8
Ly d4 = 10 mm
- Vt ghp np ca thm:
d5 = (0,5 0,6)d2 = 7 8,4
Ly d5 = 8 mm
d. Mt bch ghp np v thn
- Chiu dy bch thn hp
S3 = (1,4 1,8)d3 = 16,8 21,6 mm. Ly S3 = 18 mm
- Chiu dy bch np trn
S4 = (0,9 1)S3 = 16,8 18 mm. Ly S3 = 17 mm
- Chiu dy bch np bn
S5 = (1,4 1,8)d4 = 14 18 mm. Ly S4 = 15 mm
t. Khe h gia cc chi tit
- Bnh rng, bnh vt vi thnh trong ca hp:
1 (1 1,2) 0 = 9 10,8 . Ly 1 = 10 mm
- nh bnh rng ln ti y
2 ( 3 5) 0 = 27 45 . Ly 1 = 30 mm
u. Mt hp
- B rng mt hp:
K1 = 3d1 = 3.18 = 54 (mm)
S1 = (1,3 1,5)d1 = 23,4 27. Ly S1 = 24 mm
v. Kch thc gi trc
- Tm l bulng cnh
E2 = 1,6d2 = 1,6.14 = 22,4. Ly E2 = 22 mm
R2 = 1,3d2 = 1,3.14 = 18,2. Ly R2 = 18 mm
- B rng mt ghp bulng cnh
53
n chi tit my
K2 = E2 + R2 + (3 5) = 18 + 22 + (3 5) = 43 45
Ly K2 = 45 mm
=> K3 = 40 mm
w. S lng bulng nn
z=
L+B
200 300
Tnh s b
L = l11 + l12 +2 1 = 99 + 300 + 2.10 = 419 (mm)
Ly L = 420 mm
B = l31 + 2. 1 = 153 + 2.10 = 173
Ly B = 175 mm
420 + 175
Z =
= 2,98 1,98
200 300
Ly z = 4
2.
Mt s chi tit khc
a. Ca thm
Dng kim tra, quan st cc tit my trong hp khi lp ghp v
du vo vo hp. Ca thm c y bng np. Trn np c gn nt thng hi.
Kch thc ca ca thm nh sau:
Cc k hiu ca kch thc nh trong bng 18.5[2]
A
100
B
75
A1
150
B1
100
C
125
K
87
R
12
Vt
M8 x 22
S lng
4
b. Nt thng hi
Khi lm vic, nhit trong hp tng ln. gim p sut v iu ho
khng kh bn trong v bn ngoi hp, ta dng nt thng hi. Nt thng hi
c np trn ca thm. Theo bng 18.6[2] ta chn kch thc nt thng hi
nh sau:
K hiu cc kch thc nh hnh v trong bng 18.6[2]
A
M27 x 2
B
15
C
30
D
15
E
45
G
36
H
32
I K
6 4
L
10
M N
8 22
O
6
P
32
Q
18
R
36
S
32
c. Nt tho du
Sau mt thi gian lm vic, du bi trn cha trong hp b bn (do bi bm
v do ht mi), hoc b bin cht, do cn phi thay du mi. tho du c,
54
n chi tit my
y hp c l tho du. Lc lm vic, l c bt kn bng nt tho du. Theo

bng 18.7[2] ta chn nt tho du c kch thc nh sau:
d
M20 x2
b
15
m
9
f
3
L
28
c
2,5
q
17,8
D
30
S
22
Do
25,4
3
0
1
2
18
12
d. Kim tra mc du
Ta s dng que thm du c kt cu kch thc nh hnh v kim tra
mc du
d1
e. Cht nh v
Mt ghp gia np v thn nm trong mt phng cha ng tm ca trc
3. L trc lp trn np v thn hp c gia cng ng thi. m bo v tr
tng i ca np v thn trc v sau khi gia cng cng nh khi lp ghp, ta
dng 2 cht nh v. Nh c cht nh v, khi xit bulng khng lm bin dng
vng ngoi ca (do sai lch v tr tng i ca np v thn), do loi tr
c mt trong cc nguyn nhn lm chng mi.
Theo bng 18.4b[2] ta chn cht nh v hnh cn c hn dng v kch
thc nh sau:
d
6
c x45
c
1,0
55
l
39
n chi tit my
f. Cc lt
Cc lt c dng cp kp, to thun li cho vic lp ghp v iu
chnh b phn lt cng nh iu chnh s n khp ca trc vt. ng lt c
lm bng gang xm GX 15-32 vi cc kch thc :
- Chiu dy: = 8 mm
- Chiu dy vai 1 = 8 mm
- Chiu dy bch 2 = 7 mm
V.
BI TRN V IU CHNH N KHP

1. Bi trn cc b truyn trong hp
gim mt mt cng sut v ma st, gim mi mn rng, m bo thot
nhit tt v phng cc tit my b han g cn phi bi trn lin tc cc b
truyn trong hp gim tc.
Do vn tc vng ca bnh rng v vn tc trt ca trc vt u <12 m/s,
do ta s dng phng php bi trn ngm du. Do tm con ln di cng
nm di ren trc vt nn ta lp thm vng vung du trn trc vt, du c bn
ln bnh vt n bi trn ch n khp.
Ta c vn tc vng ca bnh rng l v1 = 8,06 m/s, vn tc trt ca trc
116
vt l v2 = 5,56 m/s, theo bng 18.11[2] v 18.12[2] ta chn du c nht
16
Theo bng 18.13[2] ta chn du cng nghip 50 Engle.
2. Bi trn ln
Khi c bi trn ng k thut, n s khng b mi mn bi v cht bi
trn s gip trnh khng cc chi tit kim loi trc tip tip xc vi nhau. Ma
st trong s gim, kh nng chng mn ca tng ln, kh nng thot nhit tt
hn, bo v b mt khng b han g, ng thi gim c ting n. Ta s dng
m bi trn bi so vi du th m c gi trong d dng hn, ng thi c
kh nng bo v trnh tc ng ca tp cht v m. M c th dng cho
lm vic lu di (khong 1 nm), nht t b thay i khi nhit thay i
nhiu. Theo bng 15.15a[2] ta chn loi m c k hiu LGMT2 do hng SKF
sn xut. M tra vo chim 1/2 th tch ca b phn .
bo b khi bi bm, cht bn, ht cng v cc tp cht khc xm
nhp vo ta dng vng pht lt kn b phn . Ta s dng hai vng pht ti
u trc vo ca hp gim tc (vng 1) v trc ra ca hp gim tc (vng 2).
Theo bng 15.17[2] ta c kch thc ca rnh v hai vng pht nh sau:
S hiu
Vng 1
Vng 2
d
35
60
d1
36
61,5
d2
34
59
D
48
79
56
a
9
9
b
6,5
6,5
S0
12
12
d2
d1
n chi tit my
b
So
3. iu chnh n khp
a. Cp bnh rng
Sai s v ch to cc chi tit theo kch thc chiu di v sai s v lp ghp
lm cho v tr bnh rng trn trc khng chnh xc. b vo sai s ta ly
chiu rng bnh rng nh tng ln 10% so vi chiu rng bnh rng ln.
b. Cp bnh vt trc vt
i vi b truyn ny, sai s v ch to v lp ghp lm sai lch v tr
tng i gia bnh vt v trc vt. Sai s ny (khi vt qu tr s cho php) l
nguyn nhn lm tng mn, tng ma st v tng ng sut tp trung dc theo
chiu di bnh vt.
m bo s n khp chnh xc gia ren trc vt v rng bnh vt cn bo
m khong cch trc, gc gia trc bnh vt v trc vt, v bo m mt trung
bnh ca bnh vt i qua trc ca trc vt. Sai s v v tr gia bnh vt v trc vt
c th khc phc bng vic iu chnh khi lp vo v hp. Vic iu chnh v tr
c tin hnh trn c trc vt v bnh vt.
57
n chi tit my
VI.
BNG K KIU LP V DUNG SAI LP GHP
Th
Tn mi ghp
t
1 Trc 1 v bc
Kiu lp
Trc 1 v vng trong ln
H7
k6
35k 6
Vng ngoi ln v v hp
72H 7
Bnh rng v trc 2
40
H7
k6
45k 6
Vng ngoi ln v v hp
85H 7
Trc 2 v vng vung du
Cc lt v v hp
Cc lt v vng ngoi ln
10
Trc 2 v then
11
Trc 3 v bnh vt
12
N9
h9
H7
63
k6
60k 6
13
Vng ngoi ln v v hp
110H 7
14
Trc 3 v then
15
Trc 3 v then
16
Trc 3 v a xch
17
Vnh bnh vt v may

bnh vt
N9
h9
N9
16
h9
H7
55
k6
H7
128
k6
36
H7
k6
H7
116
k6
100H 7
45
12
18
58
Dung sai
Trc
L
+25
+18
0
+12
+18
+12
+30
0
+25
+18
0
+12
+18
+12
+30
0
+25
+18
0
+12
+35
+25
0
+3
+35
0
0
-36
+30
+21
0
+2
+21
+2
+35
0
0
-43
0
-43
+30
+21
0
+2
+40
+28
0
+3
Ghi ch
Trn trc 1
Trn trc 2
bi
Trn trc 2
kp
b x h = 12x8
Trn trc 3
Ni bnh vt
b x h = 18x11
Ni a xch
b x h = 16x10
n chi tit my
18
Trc 3 v bc
60
H7
k6
+30
0
+21
+2
Do bnh rng v bnh vt khng yu cu tho lp thng xuyn, kh nng

nh tm phi m bo, khng di trt dc trc, do ta chn kiu lp trung
H7
gian
.
k6
N9
Vi mi ghp cho then ta chn mi ghp trung gian
theo sai lch gii
n9
hn chiu rng ca kch thc then.
Trong lp ghp vi , ta lp vng trong ca ln trc theo h thng l k6
v vng ngoi ca ln v hp hoc cc lt theo h thng trc H7.
59
n chi tit my
TI LIU THAM KHO

[1].
Trnh Cht, L Vn Uyn Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh,
tp 1,2. Nxb Gio dc. H Ni, 2001.
[2].
Nguyn Trng Hip Chi tit my, tp 1,2. Nxb Gio dc. H Ni
1994.
[3].
Ninh c Tn Dung sai v lp ghp. Nxb Gio dc. H Ni,
2004.
60

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n chi tit my

THIT K TRC, LA CHN LN V KHP NI..........................................................................22

1. S phn tch lc chung....................................................................................................................................22

TNH TON V CHN CC YU T CA V HP V CC CHI TIT KHC.............................52

1. Cc kch thc ca v hp gim tc................................................................................................................52

Mt s chi tit khc....................................................................................................................................54

V. BI TRN V IU CHNH N KHP.......................................................................................................56

Theo cng thc 2.18[1] s vng quay s b ng c l:

Phn phi t s truyn

3. Xc nh cng sut, mmen v s vng quay trn cc trc

Pct 9,55.10 6.4,88

Theo bng 6.2[1], vi thp 45, ti ci thin t rn 180...350 HB th

Fo lim1 = 1,8HB1 = 1,8.245 = 441 MPa

NHE1 > NHO1 KHL1 = 1.

Do b truyn s dng bnh rng thng [ H ] = min( [ H ] 1 , [ H ] 2 )

Do NFO = 4.106 NFE1 > NFO, NFE2 > NFO

ng sut qu ti cho php

Xc nh s b khong cch trc

= 0,53.0,3.( 2,43 + 1) = 0,55

K H : h s k n s phn b khng ng u ti trng trn chiu rng

ZH : h s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc

. Theo cng thc 6.38b[1] ta c:

-ng sut tip xc cho php

Vi T1 = 21963 Nmm, d1 = 52,49 mm; b1=27 mm; m1 = 1,5 mm.

-ng knh vng ln

da2 = d2 + 2m1 = 127,5+2.1,5 =130,5 (mm)

2. Thit k b truyn trc vt

vs < 5 m/s. S dng ng thanh khng thic pH 10-4-4 ch to bnh

[ FO ] = o,25. b + 0,08 ch = 0,25.600 + 0,08.200 = 166( MPa)

KFL: h s tui th. Theo cng thc 7.9[1] ta c:

N FE = 60 T3i n3i ti = 60 n2 t T3i . ti

[ F ] = [ FO ].K HL = 166.0,64 = 106,24 (MPa)

ng sut cho php khi qu ti

170 690021 .1,2

Theo tiu chun chn m2 = 8

tho mn iu kin -0,7 < x < 0,7

- Xc nh ng sut cho php

N HE = 60 T3i n3i ti = 60 n2 t T3i . ti

[ FO ] = o,25. b + 0,08 ch = 0,25.245 + 0,08.90 = 68,45( MPa)

N FE = 60 T3i n3i ti = 60 n2 t T3i . ti

[ F ] = [ FO ].K HL = 68,45.0,64 = 41,75 (MPa)

ng sut cho php khi qu ti

[ H ] max = 4. ch = 4.90 = 360( MPa )

-Xc nh cc thng s c bn ca b truyn

170 690021 .1,2

Chn a2 = 180 mm.

z 2 + q T3 K H 170 3 34 + 10 3 690021 .1,06

Vy b truyn tho mn iu kin bn tip xc

Vy b truyn tho mn iu kin bn un

-ng knh ngoi bnh vt

daM2 =da2+1,5m=296 +1,5.8=308 (mm)

- : h s k n s gim nhit sinh ra trong mt n v thi gian

- : h s k n s thot nhit qua y hp, ly = 0,25

3. Thit k b truyn ngoi

Chn loi xch

kn: h s vng quay kn = z , vi n01 = 50 vng/pht

Theo cng thc 5.4[1]

2.1270 28 + 56 ( 56 28) 2 31,75

Theo bng 5.9[1], vi p = 31,75 th [i] = 25

Theo bng 5.2[1], vi xch con ln 1 dy c p = 31,75 th ti trng ph hu

Fv: lc cng do lc li tm sinh ra

Theo bng 5.10[1] vi n01= 50 vng/pht c [s] = 7

Vy ng knh vng chia ca a dn d1 =283,72 mm, a b dn