-

) (

) (

-1

............................................................................................................................... ......................................................

-2
-3
-4

......................................................................................................................................

3
5

.....................................................................................................................................................

16

.................................................................................................................................. .................................

18

...........................................................................................................................................

20

-5

) (

-1
1977 %15
%50 .



.


.
:
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:
-1-1-1 4


.
-2-1-1
.
1
250
2 5 7

) (

250 11

42 .
)( 1
250

250

250

5024

2261

5024

20/5

12874

13/5

4361

4361

18

11304

32

10336

11304

3140

1615

3140

17

10676

14/5

4683

4683

4396

2261

4396

5/5

3454

969

969

19

11932

18

5814

11932

100

62800

100

32300

45809

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.
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...

) (

.
1381

303
.
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ISO DIN
PREN ...
.

Creep ratio ) ( 1-6 163

.
1383 1384
PREN 13476


.

.

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:
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) (

.

... 2
.
) ( 2

0/6

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0/5

300 -600

0/4

700 -1000

0/3

1000

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-4-2

-5-2

-6-2

-7-2

-8-2

) (

:
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) ( 1

) ( 2

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) ( 3

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.
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.


.

20 .

4

.


4 .

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.
:




) ( 6

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) (

. ) ( 3
.
) ( 3

2/27

900

2/06

900

2/52

900

2/31

1000

1/16

700

1/10

710

1/34

710

1/27

800

0/18

350

0/22

355

0/17

355

0/21

355

0/20

400

0/07

250

0/09

250

0/07

250

0/08

250

0/09

300

-10-2 .
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.
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.
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-15-2
.
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.

) (

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6 10 .

) (

) (

) (

) (

) (

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.
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.
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.
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.

:
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.
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25
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.

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900

38/79

900

1000

36/11

710

710

33/63

710

800

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355

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355

28/33

355

400

49/08

250

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250

30/62

250

300

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.
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.

) (

)( 11

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) ( 12
50 .



.

) (

)( 12

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) ( 13
Creep ratio

.

)( 13

) (

-5
-1-5

10-2 16-2




.

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-3-5

.

.

) (