TAI LIEU HNG DAN C BAN S DUNG PHAN MEM MATHEMATICA 5.0 va 7.

0 TREN MAY VI TNH

Giao vien bien soan : Tran Minh The Email : minhthe5@gmail.com T : 0949477757

Chung ta co 02 cach e goi ham so trong viec tnh toan Cach 1 : Khi m Mathematica 5.0 len , ta lam theo cac bc sau : Vao File chon muc Palettes , trong muc nay co 9 muc e ta chon ng vi cac ham ma ta can nhap , thong thng ta chon muc (4 BasicInput) va muc (3 BasicCalculations) , con cac muc khac ban co the chon e tm mot ham nao o ma ban can .Dung k hieu co san theo cach 1 se nhanh hn tr cac cau lenh Solve , Dsolve ,Plot . . . phai nhap vao bang ch

Cach 2 : Ta co the ghi trc tiep t ban phm khi con tro xuat hien tren man hnh nhap (input) Sau ay la bang cac ham so ma ta co the nhap trc tiep bang ban phm. Trong Bieu thc Trong Mathematica Bieu thc Mathematica toan toan n Sqrt[x] x x x^(1/n) hoac x nhan y Log[x] ln(x) x* y hoac x y Ham Hype sin Sin[x] sin(x) Sinh[x] Ham Hype cos Cos[x] cos(x) Cosh[x] Ham Hype tang Tan[x] tan(x) Tanh[x] so Log[a,b] Pi log a b

ArcSin[x] Exp[x] Factoria[n] , n! Mod[n,m] FactorInteger[ n] Abs[x]

arcsin(x) ex n! So d cua n m

Limit[ f (x ) , x-> x0 ]

Tnh gii han Tnh tong Tm ao ham Tnh nguyen ham Tnh tch phan xac nh Giai phng trnh He phng trnh Ve o th Tm nghiem x ,y lan can cua x0 ,

Sum[bieu thc, { i, imin , imax } ] D[ f (x) , x ] Integrate[ f (x ) , x ]

Phan tch ra Integrate[ f (x ) , { x, a, b} ] tha so nguyen to cua n

Gia tr tuyet Solve[ f (x) = = 0 , x ] oi cua x Solve[ { f1 , == 0, f 2 == 0} , { x, y} ] xy x y Plot[ f (x) , { x, a, b} ] FindRoot[ f (x ) = = 0, { x, x0 } ] FindRoot[ { f(x,y) = = 0,g(x,y)= =0} , { x, x0 } ,

x^y x/y

{ y, y0 } ]

y0

Ngoai ra chung ta co the xem them cac bai tap mau trong phan Help -> Help Browser -> cac phan chon -> Further Examples cua Menu chnh nh bang sau Ta go vao ch Apart va an chuot vao Go e tm kiem

Cac lenh khai trien bieu thc

Apart[ bieu thc , bien] : Khai trien mot bieu thc dang phan so hu ty thanh tong cac mau thc n gian VD : Nhap vao

Apart

An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua : 1 1 1 1 + 3 2 2 1 +x 4 1 +x 8 1 +x 8 3 +x Factor[bieu thc, bien] : a t tong ve dang tch Expand[bieu thc, bien] : a t tch ve tong Simplify[bieu thc, bien] : n gian hoa bieu thc Together[bieu thc, bien] : Nhom mau so chung N[gia tr chnh xac , n] hoac //N : Lay gia tr gan ung , n la so ch so can hien th **** Chu y : Cac lenh trong Mathematica co phan biet ch hoa va ch thng LENH THC HIEN E MAY BAT AU TNH LA : An ong thi SHIFT ENTER ( hoac ch an phm ENTER goc di ben phai cua ban phm) MOT VAI V DU : 1. GIAI HE PHNG TRNH VI IEU KIEN NGHIEM NGUYEN Nhap vao : Rdc eue x +y +z +t 1 0 & 0 & 1 5 x +3 y + z +7 t 56 & 3 & 5 1 7 x +4 y + z +6 t 48 & 8 & 2 x y z t Itg r nees , x, y, z, t An SHIFT ENTER May hien : C[1]Integers&&x==6+42 C[1]&&y==4-89 C[1]&&z==20+40 C[1]&&t==70+7 C[1] Chon ket qua la : x = 6 , y = 4 , z = 20 , t = 70 2. GIAI BAT PHNG TRNH VI IEU KIEN NGHIEM NGUYEN Nhap vao :

HHHH L L L L
A H L
101 .0
n

ALLE HH
1 3 +x 1 +x
3

,x

8 < E
n+ 1

Rdc eue

n Itgr nees

An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua : n = 9123.

AE
,n

< n & 10 1 & .0

>n +1 & &

3. TNH AO HAM VD 1 : Tm ao ham cua sin 3 x(3 x 7 + 5 x 6 3 x 2 + 7) Nhap vao :

D Sin 3 x
An

AD @ I
SHIFT

3 x7 +5 x6 - 3 x2 +7 , x
ENTER
2 6 7

Ket qua : 3 7 - 3 x + 5 x +3 x

VD 2 : Tnh gia tr ao ham cua sin 3 x(3 x 7 + 5 x 6 3 x 2 + 7) tai x = Nhap vao :

ReplaceAll D Sin 3 x
An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua : 15 p 5 21 p 6 3p 16 64

A@ AD I
x

H L@ L@ D H D
Cos 3 x + - 6 x + 30 x5 + 21 x6 Sin 3 x 3 x7 +5 x6 - 3 x2 +7 , x , x

M E

ME E
p

4.TNH NGUYEN HAM

Integrate[ f (x) , x ] hoac

VD :Tm ngyen ham cua x 5 4 x 3 + tan x Nhap vao

An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua : x6 4 -x + - Log Cos x 6 5.TNH TCH PHAN

xmax xmin

Integrate[ f (x) , { x, xmin , xmax } ] hoac dung trc tiep trong Basic Input la
xmax

VD: Tnh
100 p 0

Nhap vao may vi tnh

100 p 0

An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua : 200 2 Muon lay ket qua gan ung nhap vao :

L H L H !!!! !!!D ! @ !!! !!!! !!!D !!! ! @

f x x
xmin

I D M @ @ @ D D
x5 - 4 x3 +Tan x
f x x

f ( x)dx

1 - Cos 2 x x 1 - Cos 2 x x

An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua : 282.843 Integrate[f(x,y), { x, xmin , xmax } , { y , ymin , ymax } ] hoac dung trc tiep trong Basic Input la V du : Tnh tch phan
2 2 dx ( x + y )dy 0 0 1 1

!!!! !!!D ! @ !!!

100 p 0

1 - Cos 2 x x

Integrate[ x 2 + y 2 ,{x, 0,1},{ y, 0,1} ] 1 Ket qua : 3 6. VE O TH . o th trong toa o e cac : Ve bang lenh : Plot [ f (x) , { x, xmin, xmax } ] Hoac Plot [ { f 1 ( x ), f 2 ( x)} , { x, xmin, xmax } ] V du : Nhap vao :

An SHIFT ENTER Man hnh hien :

10

x2 - 3 x +4 Plot , x, - 4, 10 2x- 5

A 8< E
5 -2 -5 2 4 6 8 10

-4

Dung lenh x2 - 3 x +4

Apart

e tm tiem can xien , nhap vao nh tren co tiem can xien 2x 1 e ve them tiem can xien : 4 Ta nhap vao nh sau :

A E
-10

2x- 5

,x

Plot

An SHIFT
10

A 9
5 -2 -5 -10

x2 - 3 x +4 2 x - 1 , , x, - 4, 10 2x- 5 4
ENTER

=< 8E
6 8 10

-4

o th 3 chieu : Ve bang lenh : Plot3D [f(x,y), { x, xmin, xmax } , { y, ymin , ymax } ] V du : Nhap vao : Plot3D[Sin[x y],{x,0,2Pi},{y,0,2Pi}] An SHIFT ENTER Man hnh hien :

1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 0 2 4 6 0 2 6 4

Ve o th 3 chieu vi nhieu ham ParametricPlot3D[ { f x , f y , f z }, { x, xmin , xmax } , { y, ymin , ymax } , { z, zmin , zmax } ] V du : ve hnh cau Nhap vao : ParametricPlot3D[ { Cos[u]Cos[v],Sin[v]Cos[u],Sin[u]} , { u,0,2Pi} , { v,0,2Pi} ] An SHIFT ENTER Man hnh hien :

1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 1

0.5

0 -0.5 -1 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1

7.PHNG TRNH VI PHAN a) Phng trnh vi phan tuyen tnh cap 1 Tnh bang lenh : DSolve[ ay'[x]+by[x]+cy[x]== 0 , y[x], x] VD1 : Giai phng trnh vi phan tuyen tnh cap 1 thuan nhat : DSolve[ 5y'[x]-9y[x]+3 == 0 , y[x], x] An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua : VD2 : Giai phng trnh vi phan tuyen tnh cap 1 khong thuan nhat :

An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua : 605 + 15 4x - 5 + 11 x 9x 5 y x + C 1 1815 b) Phng trnh vi phan tuyen tnh cap 2 Tnh bang lenh : DSolve[ ay''[x]+by'[x]+cy[x] == 0 , y[x], x] VD1 : Giai phng trnh vi phan tuyen tnh cap 2 thuan nhat : DSolve[ y''[x]-4y'[x]+3y[x] == 0 , y[x], x] An SHIFT ENTER y x x C 1 +3x C 2 Ket qua : x 3x tc la y = C1 + C2 VD2 : Giai phng trnh vi phan tuyen tnh cap 2 khong thuan nhat : DSolve y'' x - 4 y' x +3 y x 6 x - 1 3 x, y x , x An SHIFT ENTER Ket qua :

:@ @ :D D > > ADD @ @ D @ E :@ H L @ :D D > > 8D@@ @D D < AD@D L @ @D H D @ E

y x 1 9x + 3
5

C 1

DSolve 5 y' x - 9 y x +3 x 4 x, y x , x

VD3 : Giai phng trnh vi phan tuyen tnh cap 2 vi ieu kien ban au DSolve[{y''[x] - 4y'[x] - y[x] = = 0, y[0]= =1,y'[0]= = 0},y[x],x] Ket qua : 1 2- 5 x 2- 5 x 2+ 5 x 2+ 5 x y x 5 +2 5 +5 - 2 5 10 Cac phng trnh vi phan khac cung c giai bang lenh DSolve

y N! N N! N z :@i J"#J"# J"##> : Dj # ! # # !J"#> k {

:@ H L @@ :D DD > >
y x 1 3x 2 - 4 x + 3 x2 +x C 1 +3 x C 2 2