ng dng Excel gii

bi ton ti chnh

TNH PV CHO 1 KHON TIN

Mt ngi mun c s tin tit kim 300$ sau 15 nm.
Hi by gi ngi phi gi vo ngn hng bao nhiu?
Bit li sut ngn hng l 6%/nm (b qua lm pht)
p dng hm PV ta c:
rate=
0.06 pv= ($125.18)
nper=
15
pmt=
0
fv=
300
- C php: =PV(rate, nper, pmt, fv, type)
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rate l li sut mi k
nper l tng s k tnh li
pmt l s tin phi tr u trong mi k, nu b trng th coi l 0
pv l gi tr hin ti ca khon u t, nu b trng th coi l 0
type l hnh thc thanh ton. Nu type = 1 th thanh ton u k (nin kim
u k), nu type = 0 th thanh ton vo cui mi k (mc nh)
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TNH FV CHO 1 KHON TIN

Tnh s tin mt ngi gi 10 000$ vo ngn hng
vi li sut 5%/nm (b qua lm pht) sau 10 nm:
p dng hm FV ta c:
rate=
0.05 FV= ($16,288.95)
nper=
10
pmt=
0
fv=
10000
- C php: =FV(rate, nper, pmt, pv, type)
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Tnh s tin mt ngi gi 10 000$ vo ngn hng v mi nm

gi thm 200$ vi li sut 5%/nm (b qua lm pht) sau 10 nm:
p dng hm FV ta c:
rate= 0.05 FV= ($18,930.30)
nper= 10
pmt= 200
fv= 10000
PV = FV / (1+r)n V FV = PV ( 1+r)n

TNH NPV - IRR CHO 1 DNG TIN

Hm NPV
C php:=NPV(rate,value1,value2,,value(n))
Trong :
- rate l t sut chit khu
- value1 l gi tr vn u t ban u (biu din
di dng s m),
- value2,,value(n) lung tin k vng trong
tng lai
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Th d: Tnh NPV cho mt d n u t c

u t ban u l 1 t ng, doanh thu hng
nm l 0.5 t, chi ph hng nm l 0.2 t, thi
gian thc hin d n l 4 nm, c li sut
chit khu l 8%/nm.

Hm IRR
C php: =IRR(value,guess)
Trong :
- value l gi tr vn u t ban u (s m)
- guess l gi tr suy on, nu b trng th
c gn l 10%
Trong Excel cng dng phng php
th dn. Nu sau 20 ln th khng tnh c
th bo li #NUM. Thay di gi tr d on
Excel tnh li.
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Th d: Mt d n u t tnh n thi im
d n bt u i vo hot ng sn xut l
100 triu USD, doanh thu hng nm ca d
n l 50 triu USD. Chi ph hng nm l 20
triu USD, vng i ca d n l 5 nm. Hy
xc dnh t sut hon vn ni b, bit li sut
vay di hn l 12%/nm.

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11

D N A
+ Vn u t ban u: 300.000USD
+ Dng thu hng nm nh nhau: 72.000USD
+ i sng d n: 6 nm
+ C h i p h s d n g v n : 1 0 %

N M

R ATE=
PV=

-3 0 0

72

72

72

72

72

72

0 .1

($313.58)

NPV=

$13.58

irr=

12%
12

+ Vn u t ban u: 300.000USD
+ Dng thu hng nm nh nhau: 72.000USD
+ i sng d n: 6 nm
+ Chi ph s dng vn: 10%

nm

i r r

-300 72 72 72 72 72 72 ($313.58) $13.58 0.1153

rate 0.1
($65.45)
if=
11%=
12%=

4.16667
4.235
4.1191

irr=

11.58959
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nm

-300,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 ($304,598.73) 4,598.7255

rate 0.11
nm

-300,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 ($296,021.33) -3,978.6727

rate 0.12
irr= 0.11536

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Tr v khon tng ng tng k

cho mt khon u t c li sut c nh
tr theo nh k.
Th d: Mt ngi mun c khon tin tit
kim 50 triu ng sau 5 nm th ngi
phi gi vo ngn hng mi thng bao
nhiu tin? Bit li sut
ngn hng l 8%/nm (b qua lm pht).

p dng Hm PMT (Payment)

C php: =PMT(rate, nper, pv, fv, type)
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16

Tnh khon li phi tr

Nu vay ngn hng mt khon tin
1000$ vi li sut 2%/nm (li kp) trong 5
nm th lng tin phi tr li mi nm l bao
nhiu?

p dng Hm IPMT (Interest Payment)

- C php: =IPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type)

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Tnh li sut thc t hng nm cho

mt khon u t
Th d: C 2 phng n vay tin vi mc li
sut danh ngha v s ln tnh li tng ng
cho theo bng. Hy la chn phng n vay.
p dng Hm EFFECT
C php: =EFFECT(Nominal_rate, npery)
Trong : Nominal_rate l li sut danh ngha
npery l s k tnh li trong nm
Cng thc tnh:
EFFECT = [1 + Nominal_rate] npery -1
npery

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20

Hm NOMINAL
- y l hm tnh ngc ca hm EFFECT
Tnh li sut danh ngha hng nm cho
mt khon u t.
- C php: =NOMINAL(Effect_rate, npery)
Trong : Effect_rate l li sut thc t
npery l s k tnh li trong nm

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Tnh gi tr tng lai ca mt khon u

t khi li sut thay i.
Th d: Tnh s tin li phi tr cho mt khon
vay 1000$ c li sut thay i theo cc k ln
lt l 7%, 5.4%, 6% .
p dng Hm FVSCHEDULE
C php: =FVSCHEDULE(principal, schedule)
- principal l g. tr hin ti ca mt khon u t
- schedule l mt dy li sut c p dng
- Cng thc tnh:
FVSCHEDULE = principal * (1+rate1) * (1+rate2)
** (1+raten)
vi rate l li sut k th i
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Tnh li sut cho mt khon vay

Th d: Tnh li sut cho mt khon vay
1000$ trong 2 nm, mi nm phi tr 100$.
o hn phi tr c gc ln li l 1200$.
p dng Hm RATE
- C php: =RATE(nper, pmt, pv, fv, type)

= RATE(2,100,-1000,1200,0)
=19%

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