Ngy ng : 30/12/2010 / Lt xem : 694 Chia s qua:

Share on googleShare on facebookShare on twitterShare on zingmeShare on emailShare on google_plusone0 Khi nim backup (sao lu) v restore (khi phc) chc hn quen thuc i vi a s chng ta: bn thng xuyn backup, v d copy ton b th mc sang mt thit b lu tr khc, phng khi gp s c gy mt mt d liu th c th copy ngc tr li. Backup , SQL Server, Vi database th vic backup din ra c khc, khi h thng ang vn hnh th bn khng th n gin copy cc data file v log file v chng b kha hon ton. Bn phi da vo c ch backup ca h QTCSDL. SQL Server cung cp ba loi backup nh sau: Full backup: backup ton b d liu ti thi im . y c l l loi c dng thng xuyn nht. Differential backup: backup cc trang d liu mi c cp nht k t ln full backup trc . Transaction log backup: backup cc log record hin c trong log file, ngha l n sao lu cc hnh

ng (cc thao tc xy ra i vi database) ch khng sao lu d liu. ng thi n cng ct b (truncate)

log file, loi b cc log record va c backup ra khi log file. V th khi thy log file tng qu ln, c nhiu kh nng l bn cha tng backup transaction log bao gi. Mt nguyn tc chung gim bt lng d liu mt mt khi c s c l tng tn sut backup. Tuy nhin vi mt database c dung lng ln v c cp nht lin tc, th vic thc hin full backup vi tn sut cao l khng kh thi, v n dng rt nhiu CPU v I/O. Nh c differential backup v transaction log backup, bn c th to lp cc phng n sao lu thch hp, m bo d liu c backup thng xuyn hn m khng chim nhiu ti nguyn ca h thng. V d, bn c th thc hin: Full backup: mt ln mi ngy vo 2h sng. Differential backup: vo cc thi im 6h, 10h, 14h, 18h, 22h (5 ln/ngy). Transaction log backup: 15 pht mt ln vo cc thi im 5, 20, 35, v 50 ca mi gi (4 ln/gi). Chn thi im nh vy m bo n xy ra sau differential backup. Lu l differential backup lun sao lu cc trang thay i k t ln full backup trc (trong v d trn l cc trang thay i k t 2h), ch khng phi t ln differential backup trc . V th bn backup lc 10h s bao gm cc trang lu trong bn lc 6h, bn 14h gm cc trang c trong bn 10h Transaction log backup th ngc li, ch sao lu cc log record k t ln transaction log backup trc . Gi s database b hng vo thi im 10h55, bn cn khi phc li database theo trnh t sau:

Bc 1. Khi phc t bn full backup gn vi thi im c s c nht (bn full backup lc 2h). Bc 2. Khi phc t bn differential backup gn vi thi im c s c nht (bn lc 10h). Bc 3. Khi phc tt c cc transaction log backup k t sau ln diferential backup gn y nht, ln lt

theo trnh t thi gian. l cc bn ti cc thi im 10h5, 1oh20, 10h35, v 10h50. Bc 1 v 2 a database tr li trng thi ging nh lc 10h. bc 3, vi mi ln khi phc transaction log th cc thao tc cha trong c em ra thc hin li trn database (gi l log forwarding) v do a n v trng thi gn hn thi im xy ra s c. Nh vy sau khi hon tt khi phc bn bn transaction log backup th database s vo trng thi ging nh lc 10h50. Tuy nhin cc thay i din ra trong 5 pht sau (t 10h50 n 10h55) vnh vin b mt. Trong trng hp may mn hn, khi s c xy ra m log file vn cn nguyn vn, bn s c c hi a database tr li trng thi ngay trc khi c s c, v do khng c mt mt d liu. Vic u tin bn cn lm l thc hin ngay transaction log backup (nn nh, khng c vi vng khi phc t bn full backup). Sau cc bc tip theo s tng t nh trn:

Bc 0. Sao lu transaction log. Bc 1. Khi phc t full backup file ca sng sm hm . Bc 2. Khi phc t differential backup file lc 10h. Bc 3. Khi phc cc transaction log backup file k t sau 10h, ln lt theo trnh t thi gian: cc bn
backup vo lc 10h5, 1oh20, 10h35, 10h50, v cui cng bn lc 10h55 (va thc hin bc 0).